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FIGHTING AGAINST DESERTICATION IN AFRICATripartite call for proposals Africa-Brazil-France
[email protected]@ird.fr
Desertification : degradation of land in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas.
Caused primarily by human activities and climatic variations.
A global challenge
•Desertification affects 40% of the earth's land.
• If no action is undertaken, 10 million hectares of arable land will be lost annually.
• 1/3 of worldpopulation could be affected.
• All continents are concerned,especially Africa where 37% of lands are threatened.
Example of the Iullemeden basinNiger
•rural area
•poor and fragile soils
•surface runoff ending in temporary ponds
•rapid increase in population
•rapid increase in cultivated areas
Complex dynamics
Leduc 2012
The Iullemeden basin: long-term groundwater dynamics
• decrease in rainfall in the 70s and 80s
• long-term rise in groundwater
Leduc 2012
The Iullemeden basin: long-term groundwater dynamics
Explained by the change in vegetation:
• expansion of cultivated fields (increase in population, lower productivity)
• higher surface runoff(greater water transfer to temporary pools, greater erosion)
Leduc 2012
Bezancon et al. 2008, Vigouroux et al. 2011
1976 2003
Selection for earlier flowering crop associated with climatic variations in the Sahel
1976
2003
50-55 days55-60 days60-65 days65-70 days
70-75 days
75-80 days
80+ days
1976
2003
Flowering date
50-55 days
..
…
80+ days
1976-2003 : The same pearl millet landraces are cultivated in Niger
Through the tripartite call for proposals Africa/Brazil/France,IRD / AIRD (France), APGMV (Africa), CGEE and CNPq (Brazil)have joined forces to support the fight against desertification.
1- Structure aresearchcommunitybringing togetherAfrican, Brazilianand Frenchresearchers
2- Build scientific capacities and developknowledge on arid and semi-arid regions in Africa
3- Strengthen links betweenscience & society
Agriculture and Food,Management of natural resources (water, soil, biodiversity, ...),Adaptation to climate change,Human and sustainable development Governance,Technology and innovation
• Agriculture and Food• Management of natural resources (water, soil, biodiversity, ...)• Adaptation to climate change• Human and sustainable development • Governance• Technology and innovation
to be supported1. Multidisciplinary research projects (3 years) bringing
together researchers from three continents.
2. Geographical priorities: arid and semi-arid African regions.
3. Dimensions to be promoted: capacity building, scientific exchanges and the promotion of science among local communities.
4. Projects with two objectives: generate new knowledge and promote its socio-economic exploitation.
Projects
to be supported1. Multidisciplinary research projects (3 years) bringing
together researchers from three continents.
2. Geographical priorities: arid and semi-arid African regions.
3. Dimensions to be promoted: capacity building, scientific exchanges and the promotion of science among local communities.
4. Projects with two objectives: generate new knowledge and promote its socio-economic exploitation.
Projects
Call open until 12 November 2012www.aird.fr
Thank you