P2 InfoHouse · Produced by: Project Manager & Editor Stephanie Finn Environmental Management Consultant 919-544-5715 Concept Development 62 Contract Manager John Bonitz Waste Management

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PROFILES IN CAMPUS RECYCLING

A Resource for Collegiate Recyclers

The Collegiate Recyclers Coalition A Council of

The North Carolina Recycling Association

PROFILES IN CAMPUS RECYCLING

A Resource €or Collegiate Recyclers

Project Sponsor: Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance

North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources

Published by: The Collegiate Recyclers Coalition

A Council of The North Carolina Recycling Association

October 1996

NORTH CAROLINA

~

RECYCLING - ASSOCIATION -

Produced by:

Project Manager & Editor Stephanie Finn Environmental Management Consultant 919-544-5715

Concept Development 62 Contract Manager John Bonitz Waste Management Analyst, Division of PoIIution Prevention and Environmental Assistance 919-715-6500

Graduate Interns Laurel Scott Bret Howrey

Database Supervisor & Layout Gigi Wainwright Membership and Outreach Coordinator, North Carolina Recycling Asaociation

Paper 62 Printing Full Circle Paper, Durham, NC Nortel, Research Triangle Park, NC

Division of Pollution Prevention and Envimnmend Assistance Funding for this project was provided in part through a grant from the North Carolina Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Aseiatance (DPPEA), Department of Environment, Health, and Natural R ~ S O U T C ~ S . DPPEA provides free, non-regulstory technical assistance and education on methods to eliminate, reduce, or recycle wastes before they become pollutants or require disposal.

NC DPPEA Director: Gary Hunt Section Chief, Community and Business Assistance: Scott Mouw

P.O. Box 29569, Raleigh, NC 27626-9569 Telephone: 919-715-6500

Collegiate Recyclers Coalition

The Mission of the Collegiate Recyclers Coalition (CRC) is: To promote sustainable resource use through waste reduction, mum, and recycling on college and university campuses; To faoilitate networking, information exchmge, and strategic action among members and associates at

institutions of higher learning. The CRC is a Council of the North Carolina Recycling Association.

Council Chairs: John Bonitz, DPPEA and John S h q , Coastal Carolina Community College 1330 Chapel Hill Road, Suite 201, Raleigh, NC 27607 TelepLone: 919-851-8444

North Carolina Recycling Association

The Mission of the North Carolina Recycling Association is to conserve resources by advancing recycling and waste reduction throughout the state. Since 1988 the NCRA, a non-profit organization, has helped individuals, businesses, and looal govemment leaders find new ways to advance waste reduotion in North Carolina.

Executive Director: Craig Barry 7330 Chapel Hill Road, Suite 201, Raleigh, NC 27607 Telephone: 919-851-8444

This publication was printed on recycled paper.

I TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

This publication includes the following elements:

0 A chart which will enable the reader to easily find a particular type of school based on number of students, size of waste stream, institution type (public, private, four year, two year etc.), and location type (rural, suburban etc.).

The Survey responses in alphabetical order from the 20 schools. We have encapsulated key information about each program in the upper right comer so that the reader may get a quick grasp of campus demographics.

Appendixes containing a bibliography of related works; a list of resources, organizations, and Web Pages; the original survey form; a directory of all the colleges and universities in North Carolina; and a miscellaneous grab-bag of fliers, newsletters, and other printed material from the surveyed schools.

An index based on key themes which appear in the essay portion of the surveys. Readers can use this index to quickly locate a topic of discussion they are interested in, e.g. "composting."

0

0

The Collegiate Recyclers Coalition is based in North Carolina and has as its main constituency universities and colleges in North Carolina. As a result, the "Profiles" has a decidedly Southeastern "flavor." Nonetheless, we hope that this publication will be useful to schools throughout the United States and we hope that this is just the first of many collaborative projects among campus recyclers nationwide. Although, much has happened in campus recycling over the last seven or so years, there is still a long way to go until recycling is accepted as a normal function at our institutions of higher learning. Furthermore, although recycling is just one aspect of a sustainable campus, it is a critical one. Institutionalized campus recycling programs give proponents of environmental sustainability a permanent niche in campus administrations. When successful recycling programs are established, oftentimes other campus ecology efforts develop and flourish.

2

I INTRODUCTION I Only seven years ago, the majority of colleges and universities in the United States were doing little or nothing to address their negative impact on the local and global environment. Few institutions of higher education even recognized the fact that their daily operations consumed energy which might be conserved, emitted pollution and toxic wastes which might be prevented, and produced solid wastes which might be reduced or recycled.

Around 1989 this began to change. The resurgence of environmental concern was especially strong on our nation's campuses. Celebrations were planned and thrown for the 20th anniversary of Earth Day in 1990. Most importantly though, students were performing "environmental audits" and were presenting administrators with questions they were often unprepared to answer. Along with this activity, recycling programs began to pop up on many campuses.

Most programs started from scratch, reinventing the wheel each time. Some thrived by sharing and learning with each other through organizations and networks like SEAC (the Student Environmental Action Coalition). Eventually, some students succeeded in getting their school administration to take on the recycling efforts. Once institutionalized, recycling was more likely to last, and students were more able to work on other environmental issues.

Much has happened in the meantime; the majority of schools in the U.S. are now thought to 'have recycling programs; the Campus Ecology movement is striving to "green" our educational institutions: the Internet has greatly facilitated networking and the exchange of information between people on campuses. But there still is no single source for a new program to tum for guidance. Coordinators of existing programs are left to wander in search of precedents when seeking to expand their program.

Humbly, this publication attempts to address some of these needs. The purpose of "Profiles in Campus Recycling" is to assist those who wish to begin a campus recycling program or to improve an existing one. The "Profiles" consists of descriptive profiles of successful recycling programs arranged so that the reader can easily match his or her institution with successful peer institutions. Information was also gathered regarding such things as organizational structure, the problems programs are facing, and collection mechanisms. The intent is to give readers insight into how successful programs get started, how they work, and what kinds of problems can be expected.

The information presented here was gathered through a survey developed over the course of a year with input from professionals in the field of waste reduction and recycling in an institutional setting. The subject group was chosen from a larger list of colleges and universities known for their recycling or waste reduction efforts. This pool was narrowed through the selection of samples to represent the various sizes of institution and an array of rural and urban campus settings. A copy of the survey is presented in the Appendix. Of the 37 schools that were contacted, 20 responded, all of which were selected for this publication.

It is important that the reader understand that the "Profiles" does not intend to include all successful programs, nor are these programs the "most successful". Indeed, there are many excellent programs we had to leave out. In the interest of space, the programs were selected by how well the response represented a category of institution, whether the survey respondents were willing to be contacted, and how useful the completed sulvey might be to readers of this publication. Furthermore, we did not attempt to standardize recycling rates and program costs, or establish benchmarks; such a project was certainly beyond the scope of this publication!

1

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3lWl tlOlW301 AlIStl3AINfl aNV 3931103

PROFILES -

a Appalachian State University CONTACT Jim Rice Recycling Coordinator Physical Plant 265 Dale Street Boone, NC 28608

Phone: 704-262-3190 ext. 108

E-mail: [email protected] F a : 704-262-401 7

Web Site:

RECYCLING PROGRAM STATISTICS Budget for recycling: none If no budget, estimate amount spent on recycling:

Number of full-time staff involved in recycling: 2 Other duties for full-time staff:

$35,000

. litter control, maintenance

Number of part-time staff: 0 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 0 Number of volunteers: 0 Total volunteer hours: 0 Percentage of staff are students: o Recycled products purchased: Toilet supplies

Office supplies

Material recycled 09 computer paper

gloss magazines H mixed office paper H colored paper H newspaper phone books H corrugated cardboard printer cartridges H antifreeze auto oil IXI auto batteries H cooking grease W scrap metal

0 fluorescent lights 0 #I plastic 0 #2 plastic 0 #3 plastic 0 #4 plastic 0 #5 plastic #6 plastic 0 #7 plastic H aluminum cans H steel cans H glass bottles

W blend office paper H fiber office paper H white office paper

Material composted W tree limbs W grass & other green matter H leaves food 0 animal bedding

For the fo//owing, ‘A’ if equipment is contracted and ‘E’ if equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities B Polystyrene densifier

Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling

Baler B - Pallet jacks B Can crusher

- Forklift B Glass crusher - -

- - - Appalachian State University

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mailto:[email protected]

Number of Type of trucks: trucks: - 1 0 rear load packer

0 front load packer 0 side loader 0 12 fl van truck

Two-wheeled roll carts: Four-wheeled roll carts: Cormgated containers:

Fiber barrels: Plastic containers:

Metal containers:

30 gal

B18ftvantruck 0 rolloff truck 0 golf cart 0 truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 0 dump truck

0 pick-up truck

Wgal 75 90gal Size

200 30 gal 50 gal

30 gal 40 gal 50 gal Dorm bin: 1-5 gal wholes Curbside bin: 12-18 gal 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal

50 gal 60 gal 70 gal

1-5 gal w/o holes 20 gal

Number of outdoor containers used for recycling: Number of compartments: Description of outdoor containers:

Number of dumpsters used for recycling: Description of dumpsters:

Briefly describe your collection program from source to marketing of materials. Please mention differences in your collection process for different types of buildings.

Our operations are three-fold. In the Academic and Administrative buildings, office peEonnel must take their recyclables to central bins in each department. Generally, there are containers for white paper, CPO, colored paper, newspaper, and cans at these sites. The recycling crew empties these bins into 20 gallon stackable containers. These stackable containers are handtrucked out of the building and stacked in a box van and held in place with bungee cords. The materials are delivered to our transfer station where they are placed in Gaylord boxes. The Gaylords are then loaded onto the buyer’s trailer. The buyer hauls this trailer when it is full and replaces L with an empty one.

In the residence halls, students must take their recyclables to drop off sites outside their buildings. These drop off sites contain roll carts for clear glass, green glass, brown glass, cans and news. A contractor empties these on a weekly basis.

The third prong of our recycling program is Food Service. We have three cardboard balers at the different dining facilities. Furthermore, our contracts specify that soft drink vendors must take back their six pack rings and cardboard boxes

What are some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled?

Participation 0 Scheduling 0 Collection process 0 Education 0 Markets 0 Theft Funding Staffing

The lack of formal funding hindered the development of our program. We overcame that through repeated requests for materials and equipment. We were persistent, but politely so.

Appalachian State University 8

The recycling coordinator does not directly supervise the workers doing collection. This can be a dfficuil situation, but we have dean with it by establishing a good working relationship with their supervisor.

humorous newsletters and contests we have communicated our message and motivated people to participate.

What advice do you have for other programs?

generators of waste and the administration are essential. Make your messages positive, interesting, and fun. If your program receives an award, share the credit.

We were initially bedeviled by the insidious twins: "ignorance and apathy." Through

Communications are essential. Good relationships with the people doing the pick-up,

How do you measure success? We measure success, "One bin at a time." We also measure success by comparing the

amount we recycle to our total waste stream. We trackour avoided costs and the revenues generated by our materials for the general fund. In addition to saving $37 /ton in tipping fees for every ton recycled, we also get a $15 /ton landfill abatement credit.

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding reCyCling, reuse and/or reduction? Yes

Other than written policy, how else is recycling, reuse and/or reduction encouraged?

Currently, we practice these waste reduction measures: * double-sided copying; - distribution of reusable file folders to departments with a standing request; - reusable intra-campus mailing envelopes.

In future, we would like to have a 'Vree-store" for the distribution of used or surplus offie supplies.

Give a brief history of your program In 1989 the administration started the program in response to a student petition. The

Chancellor responded to the petition by announcing the formation of a recycling program. Recycling was restricted to academic and administrative buildings at first. Several years later, we expanded the program to the dorms in response to student requests and state law. The Chancellor has been behind the program since day one. In the beginning, invitations to recycling training sessions were sent from the Chancellor's office to each department. Because departments had to RSVP to the Chancellor's office, attendance at these sessions was high.

The program had no extra funds dedicated to it, but diMerent areas have stepped up to contribute resources. For example, Food Service purchased three balers and rewrote theii contracts with vendors

Appalachian State University 9

What is your program's structure and how does It fit into the organfzational structure of the university?

The Recycling Coordinator reports to the Physical Plant Director. Two full time recycling technicians report to a supervisor in the Grounds Maintenance Department which also handles MSW collections. The residence halls and food service use their own workers to move recyclables. These workers do not report to the Recycling Coordinator. However, the Recycling Coordinator facilitates the program in those areas.

Physical Plant falls under the Vice Chancellor tor Business Affairs

Please describe outstanding elements of your program

(see Appendix) and relationship building among the different areas. Our administration has been extremely supportive. We have accomplished quite a b t with very little addtional funding.

We believe that our communication programs are excellent. This includes our newsletter

Appalachian State University

Birmingham Southern College 205-226-4600

CONTACT Roald Hazelhoff Director Office of Environmental Programs BSC, Box 549043 Birmingham, AL 35254

Phone: 205-226-4934

E-mail: [email protected] F ~ x : 205-226-4627

Web See:

RECYCLING PROGRAM STATISTICS

Budget for recycling: None reported If no budget, estimate amount spent on recycling:


$1,000 for custodian's time

office work, group tours

Number of part-time staff: 3 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 25 Number of volunteers: 8 Total volunteer hours: 15 Percentage of staff are students: 60

Recycled products purchased: Office supplies Toilet supplies

c

Material recycled H computer paper 181 blend office paper H gloss magazines 181 mixed office paper 181 colored paper newspaper

phone books 181 corrugated cardboard 181 printer cartridges 0 antifreeze H auto oil 0 auto batteries 181 cooking grease scrap metal 0 fluorescent lights W #I plastic H#2 plastic 0 #3 plastic 0 #4 plastic #5 plastic 0 #6 plastii 0 #7 plastii H aluminum cans-:; ' 181 steel cans

p11 fiber office paper 181 white office paper

p11 glass bottles

Material composted tree limbs H grass & other green matter 181 leaves 0 food animal bedding

Equipment 8 Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the following, 'A' if equipment is contracted and 'B' i f equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities 8 Forklift Polystyrene densifier

- Baler - Pallet jacks Can crusher

- - - - Glass crusher - --

Birmingham Southern College 11


Number of Type of trucks:

[7 front load packer 0 golf cart 0 pick-up truck 0 side loader 12 A van truck

trucks: 2 [7 rear bad packer H 18 A van tmck 0 rolloff truck - 0 truck longbed w/hydraulic lii

dump truck Two-wheeled roll carts: Four-wheeled roll carts: Corrugated containers:


Metal containers:

30gal 100 60 gal 90gal 10 Size

2 30 gal 50 gal 30 gal 40 gal 50 gal Dorm bin: t-5 gal wholes 100 1-5 gal w/o holes Curbside bin: 12-18 gal 300 20 gal 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal 50 gal 60 gal 70 gal


Number of dumpsters used for recycling: Description of dumpsters: 2 for cardboard & 2 for paper

4


Volunteers bring bins to dorm loading docks, with assistance from Housekeeping when school is out. The recycling staff transports materials to the Recycling Center. Materials are picked up from d o n s & academic buildings and taken to the warehouse storage area. The C i of Birmingham picks up glass, steel (including paint & aerosol) cans, newspaper & plastic. Waste Away picks upcardboard & office mix on a weekly basis.

What are some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled? 0 Participation 0 Scheduling 0 Collection process 0 Education 0 Markets UTheft H Funding 0 Statiing

No administrative funding has been made available. Our solution has been to fund bin purchase through grants we wrote and to rely on volunteer support. However, the environmental programs office is allotted between 2-3 student work studies that assist the program during the Fall and Spring Semesters.

We need a full-time recycling coordinator. We will petition the college’s SGA for financial assistance this Fall.


Our program is relatively unique, in that the recycling component forms part of a larger, hands on community education endeavor. The Environmental Programs office manages an interactive


environmental museum, along with a recently opened outdoor learning center (“the EcoScape”). Space and logistical support is provided by the College, but we rely on external funding. Over 14,000 school children annually visit the Center, which include walk through tours of our Recycling Warehouse. Workshops on composting are also held at the EcoScape.

solely to recycling. Financial support is more likely if programs have a broader scope and don’t limit themseives

How do you measure success? Participation by staff and students has grown steadily since the program inception in 1991.

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycling, reuse and/or reduction? NO


We encourage recycling, reuse, reduction 8 pollution prevention through signs, E-mail, campus newsletters, Staff Energy Committee, and student environmental groups, our Interactive museum Ei EcoScape displays.

Give a brief history of your program

community awareness of environmental issues. The Demonstration Recycling Center was formed as part of the T.I.M.

The Interactive Museum (T.I.M.) is a non-profit educational center dedicated to promoting

What is your program’s structure and how does it fit into the organizational structure of the university?

The Office of Environmental Programs falls under the Vice President for Business Affairs. The Office of Environmental Programs contains both the Museum and Recycling. Custodians assist with some aspects of recycling.


We have a small budget, yet an extensive program. We have incorporated recycling operations into our existing environmental programs. The Demonstration Recycling Center is pafi of our outreach efforts as an environmental

Over 24 different types of materials are recycled. The Demonstration Center won the prestigious “Points of Light Award in 1990 from

learning center. ’

President George Bush.


14 Birmingham Southem College

Brigham Young University - Hawaii 808-293-321 1

-r

CONTACT

Kam Fu Shum Recycling Coordinator Physical Plant Brigham Young University, Box 1949 BYU-H Laie, HI 96762

Phone: 808-293-3445

E-mail: [email protected] Fax: 808-293-3403

Web Site:

RECYCLING PROGRAM STATISTICS Budget for recycling: None If no budget, estimate amount spent on recycling:


$15,000

Number of part-time staff: 1 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 20 Number of volunteers: 0 Total volunteer hours: 0 Percentage of staff are students: I 00

Recycled products purchased: Office supplies

Material recycled computer paper c9 blend office paper 181 fiber office paper white Oftice paper

0 gloss magazines W mixed office paper IxI colored paper c9 newspaper W phone books mcorrugated cardboard 0 printer cartridges 0 antifreeze 0 auto oil 0 auto batteries 0 cooking grease 0 scrap metal 0 fluorescent lights D#l plastic 0 #2 plastic 0 #3 plastic 0 #4 plastic 0 #5 plastic 0 #6 plastic 0 #7 plastic IIp aluminum cans 0 steel cans 0 glass bottles

Material composted W tree limbs H grass & other green matter 181 leaves 0 food 0 animal bedding

Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the following, ‘A’ if equipment is contracted and ‘B’ if equipmenf is in-house Warehouse facilities Polystyrene densifier

Baler B - - Pallet jacks Can crusher

- Forklift Glass crusher

- - - -

~~

Brigham Young UniversW -Hawaii 15


Number of Type Of trucks: trucks: - 1 0 rear load packer 0 18 ft van truck 0 rolloff truck

0 front load packer 0 gob cart 0 side loader 0 truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 181 12 ft van tluck 0 dump truck

0 pick-up truck

Two-wheeled roll carts: Four-wheeled roll carts: Corrugated containers:


Metal containers:

30 gal 60 gal 90 gal Size

~

30 gal 50 gal 30 gal 40 gal 50 gal Dorm bin: 1-5 gal w/holes 1-5 gal w/o holes 200 Curbside bin: 12-18 gal 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal 50 gal 60 gal 70 gal

20 gal


Number of dumpsters used for recycling: Description ot dumpsters:

Briefly descrlbe your collection program from source to marketing of materials. Please mention differences in your collectlon process for different types of buildings.

Most of the bins are located in the staff offices in the campus administrative building, the registration department, and the computer information systems department. There are also bins in the dorms. The Recycling Coordinator picks up the recycling paper from different departments on the campus then sorts and stores the paper in a container. After the paper has accumulated to 2 or 3 tons, the paper is transported to a recycling processor.


Participation 0 Scheduling 0 Collection process Education 0 Markets 0 Theft 0 Funding 181 Staffing

Students and facutIy don’t really know what kinds of paper can be recycled. Some students like to dump waste into recycling bins. The Recycling Coordinator spends 1/3 of working time sorting collected recyclable paper. Need increased education about program. Currently, hanging posters next to collection bins

to act as reminders about what kind of paper can be recycled and holding an environment week activity in the campus once a year.

We are in the process of expanding the program to include additional areas and materials. We alSo plan to add more staff.

16 Brigham Young University - Hawaii


taking care of our environment.

recycling program.

A successful recycling program can help the general public understand the importance of

Encourage students and faculties to participate and assist in planning and organizing the

How do you measure success? We feel we have been successiul when people: - enjoy the recycling program; * have a positive attitude towards the program. really understand what they can recycle;

Does your school have a written policy or leglslatlve mandate regardlng recycling, reuse and/or reduction? NO


* Environment Week activity. Dorm recycling promotional contest - News article in the campus newspaper. All school facilities have changed to energy-saving bulbs, low flush toilets and water-saving

*We post information on the Internet. shower heads.


Begun in Sept 1991, the program collected recyclable paper in cardboard boxes. In 1992, we purchased over 200 standardized recycling receptacles. Now all 50 departments offices and all dorms have recycling stations.

What is your program’s structure and how does it fit Into the organizational structure of the university?

Recycling Program is under the Physical Plant department.

Please describe outstanding elements of your program One part-time student handles whole campus recycling program.

Brigham Young University - Hawaii 17

18 Brigham Young University - Hawaii

Coastal Carolina Community College 910-455-1221 Ext. 242

CONTACT John Sharp Cafeteria 444 Western Boulevard Jacksonville, NC 28546

Phone: 910-938-6242

E-mail: Web Site:

Recycling Coordinator/ Food Ser

FEW: 910-455-2767

RECYCLING PROGRAM STATISTICS

Budget for recycling: None If no budget, estimate amount spent on recycling:


$4200

custodial and cafeteria

Number of part-time staff: 0 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 0 Number of volunteers: 20 Total volunteer hours: 20 Percentage of staff are students:

Recycled products purchased: Furniture

Vice

Material recycled H computer paper

gloss magazines W mixed office paper H colored paper H newspaper W blend office paper W fiber office paper W white office paper

H phone books H auto oil 0 fluorescent lights 0 #4 plastic

aluminum cans

H cormgated cardboard printer cartridges antifreeze W auto batteries H cooking grease H scrap metal W#1 plastic H #2 plastic 0 #3 plastic

#5 Plastic #6 plastic 0 #7 plastic H steel cans H glass bottles

Material composted -

tree limbs grass & other green matter 0 leaves 0 food 0 animal bedding Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling

For the fo//owing, ‘A’if equipment is contracted and ‘B’ i f equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities 8 Polystyrene densifier B Glass crusher

Baler B - Palletjacks B Can crusher

- Forklii B - - - - - Coastal Carolina Community College

19

Number of Type of trucks: trucks: - 0 rear load packer 0 18 ft van truck rolloff truck

0 front load packer 0 golf cart 0 side loader 0 truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 0 12 ft van tuck 0 dump truck

pick-up truck

Two-wheeled roll carts: 30 gal 60 gal 90 gal Four-wheeled roll carts: Size Cormgated containers:

Fiber barrels: 30 gal 50 gal 30 Plastic containers: 30 gal 40 gal 50gal 50

1-5 gal w/o holes Dorm bin: 1-5 gal w/holes Curbside bin: 12-18 gal


20 gal Metal containers: 20 gal 30 gal &gal




Paper is collected in offices in every building. The bins in the offices are emptied by custodians, while the bins in the hallways are emptied by students. There are approximately 25-30 fiber barrels in the hallways. Each bin is "owned" by a different student club which is responsible for emptying it. All full bins are swapped for empty bins. Cardboard is taken to the back doors of buildings by staff members in each building. Grounds then collects the cardboard and takes it to the baler. In addtion to the bins for paper, there are bins for cans, polystyrene, and plastic at the entrances lo each building. These bins are also emptied by Grounds.

Plastic, steel cans, aluminum, and cardboard are taken to a central shed, baled, and sold to outside markets. Polystyrene is brought to the Cafeteria where it is densified by Food Service employees.

What are some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled? 0 Participation 0 Scheduling Collection process w Education 0 Markets 0 Theft IxI Funding 0 Staffing

In the past, education was a problem. We had low participation and contamination problems. We solved that by putting messages in the campus newspaper, memos, and student registration packets. We also put memos in with payroll checks. We also used our in-house video production team to make a video on our polystyrene recycling program. We Play this video in the cafeteria repeatedly during the three days of the Fall semester.

We had to eliminate glass recycling because of hazards created by breakage. Furthermore,

Coastal Carolina Community College

- - . -

20

markets for glass are fairly distant.


president, present your recycling proposal, and get his or her endorsement. Utilize your greatest assets- your students. Network with your student organizations-- clubs, fratemities etc.

effective and inexpensive. These vehicles include: the campus newspaper, registration packets, and payroll checks.

In order to have a successful program you need to start at the top. Go to your chancellor or

Use existing communication vehicles to educate people about recycling. This is both

How do you measure success?

we believe we have been very successful. By how much tonnage we have been able to divert from the landfill. With a 60% diversion rate,

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycllng, reuse and/or reduction? Yes

Other than wriiten poky, how else Is recycllng, reuse and/or reduction encouraged?

In addtion to the newsletters, memos etc. previously mentioned, we work with student government to communicate our message. We go to SGA (student government association) meetings at which representatives of all clubs are present and invite them to participate in contests.


polystyrene be used on campus. A task force was formed and the students did research to determine which was better paper or polystyrene. They eventually decided polystyrene was better. As manager of Food Service, I became involved in this issue. Soon after, I attended a North Carolina Recycling Association conference where I met representatives of the Collegiate Recyclers Coalition. After that I became much more active in expanding our recycling program. I presented the president with a written proposal and got the go ahead. We formed a recycling and source reduction committee comprised of students, faculty and staff. The committee meets quarterly to discuss program policy, problems, and operations.

. In 1993, a controversy occurred when students went to the President and demanded that no

What is your program's structure and how does it fit into the organlzational structure of the university?

President---- Vice President of Business Services ----Dining Services----Recycling Coordinator We utilie employees from both Dining and Custodial in our operations. The Recycling

Coordinator is also the manager of Food Service.

Coastal Carolina Community College 21

Please describe outstandlng elements of your program

polystyrene densifier to us and picks up our densified polystyrene at no cost. We recapture approximately 50-60% of the polystyrene we buy. We have polystyrene recycling containers in the cafeteria and at the entrances to all of the major buildings.

We have diverted a high percentage of our waste with very little additional investment. We have a high degree of support from our administration.

We have a comprehensive polystyrene recycling program. Dart Container leases a

22 Coastal Carolina Community College

University of Colorado at Boulder 303-492-8307

CONTACT Jack DeBell Director Recycling Services Campus Box 207 Boulder, CO 80309

Phone: 303-492-8307

E-mail: [email protected] F a : 303-492-1897

Web Site:

RECYCLING PROGRAM STATISTICS Budget for recycling: $474,000 If no budget, estimate amount spent on recycling:

Number of full-time staff involved in recycling: 8.5 Other duties for full-time staff:

solid waste disposal, off-campus consulting

Number of part-time staff: 22 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 330 Number of volunteers: 12 Total volunteer hours: 60 Percentage of staff are students: 50%

Recycled products purchased: Office supplies Toilet supplies Construction supplies Toner cartridges

Material recycled Motor oil

computer paper gloss magazines W mixed office paper H colored paper IXI newspaper phone books W corrugated cardboard W printer cartridges W antifreeze auto oil auto batteries 0 cooking grease W scrap metal

0 fluorescent lights W # l plastic W #2 plastic 0 #3 plastic 0 #4 plastic 0 #5 plastic 0 #6 plastic 0 #7 plastic W aluminum cans W steel cans W glass bottles

W blend office paper W fiber office paper W white office paper

Material composted tree limbs w grass & other green matter leaves H food 0 animal bedding

Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the following, ‘A’ if equipment is contracted and ‘6; i f equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities B Forklift Polystyrene densifier

Baler B - - Pallet jacks - - - Can crusher - Glass crusher -

University of Colorado at Boulder 23


Number of Type of trucks: trucks: 7 0 rear load packer 0 18 ft van truck 13 rolloff truck -

0 front load packer 0 golf cart 0 side loader Cl truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 0 12 n van truck 0 dump truck

pick-up truck

Two-wheeled roll carts: 30 gal 60 gal 90gal 150 Four-wheeled roll carts: 12 Size tip carts Corrugated containers:

Fiber barrels: 30 gal 100+ 50 gal 100+

Plastic containers: 30 gal 40 gal 50gal 300+ Dorm bin: 1-5 gal w/holes 1 O,OOO+ 1-5 gal w/o holes 2000+ Curbside bin: 12-18 gal

Metal containers: 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal

50gal 100+ 60gal 70 gal

20 gal

Number of outdoor containers used for recycling: Number of compartments: Description of outdoor containers: 90 gallon polycarts (nine locations) enclosed by fences

Number of dumpsters used for recycling: Description of dumpsters: 2 yard wheeled metal bins

Briefly describe your collection program from source to marketing of materials. Please mention differences In your coilection process for different types of buiidlngs.

In summary, this is how recyclaMes flow through the university:

Areas Residence Halls Family Housing Lecture Halls

Offices Grounds Depart. Sheet Metal Shop Cafeterias Stadium Events

Containers 5 gal 5 gal Cabinets

5 gal deskside 2 yard bins 55 gal drums Polycarts 55 gal drums

Collection Method Polycart to front end loader Polycart to front end loader Recycling Staff to Cube Van

Custodians to central containers Grounds Crew to Shredder Recycling Staff to Cube Van Recycling Staff to Cube Van Recycling Staff to Cube Van

Processing Contracted buyer Contracted buyer I.P.F. (Intermediate Processing Facility ) I.P.F. Compost site I.P.F. I.P.F. I.P.F.

CUs Intermediate Processing Facility does three things for our program. It centralizes materials from some 500 central containers on campus, allows us to upgrade the materials through a negative sort (contaminant removal), and it densifies those sorted materials in compartmentalized, open-top and compactor roll-offs. The IPF is a 6,000 square foot building renovated from an old warehouse on central campus. Capital costs for the facility, hydraulic dumpers, sorting conveyors, etc. was $470,000.

24 University of Colorado at Boulder

What are some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled? H Participation Scheduling 0 Collection process Education W Markets I3 Theft 0 Funding f3 Staffing

At one point, our student workers fek disenfranchised by Physical Plant. To combat this problem and build better relations, we formed the Student-Administrative Partnership and Memorandum of Understanding. This outlined roles and responsibilities as follows:

Collection- Facilities Management Processing-- Student Employees Marketing- Student Government Outreach- Student Group Research- Faculty and Students Purchasing-- Buying & Contracting and Students

Presently, we are facing a problem wth growing apathy on the part of the student body. To reach these students, we are doing shocking, graphic student to student outreach. Additionally, market prices have dropped to floor prices in our competitively bid contracts.


Arm yourself to the teeth with information (waste composition studies, cost avoidance, diversion rate analyses, tipping fees, costs per ton, market prices etc.)

Have a professional image. Use competitively bid contracts to improve price, service, and availability.

INTEGRATE ACADEMICS (class projects, independent studies, internships). Try not to promise more than can be delivered. Appeal to as many constituencies as possible (fratemties, sororities, athletics, ROTC, minority groups/ social justice).

ENFRANCHISE students through course work, student fees, rallies, creative dramatics,

Rekindle environmental recycling (downplay monetary rewards, contests, mandatory

CONNECT. Become members of the National Recycling Coalition, College University

boards, and task forces.

recycling, reinforce altruism).

Recycling Council, and State Recycling Organizations.


studies. We measure success through our participation rate, diversion rate, and waste composition

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycling, reuse and/or reduction? Yes

University of Colorado at Boulder 25

Other than written policy, how else Is recycling, reuse and/or reduction encouraged?

Reusable cups program. * Duplex copiers. - Electronic mail and the internet. - Repulpable adhesives Pre-cycling awareness campaigns Environmental impact reports.

Displays. .Tree savings charts.

Give a brief history of your program 1976: Recycling began as a volunteer, student driven program. 1978: Student Government (UCSU) establishes C.U. Recycling with funding for student staff

and equipment. 1983: C.U. hosts the Second National Recycling Congress and conducts the first campus

recycling workshops.

created.

1985: State personnel position is created by UCSU for a Recycling Director. 1990: Student Administrative Partnership between UCSU and Facilities Management is

1992: An intermediate processing facility is built on campus. 1995: Received Recycler of the Year Award for Outstanding School Program.


Recycling’s organizational structure is emeshed within three autonomous divisions: 1) V i e Chancellor for Academic Affairs, 2) Vice Chancellor for Administration (Facilities Management and Custodial fall here) and 3) Vice Chancellor for Student Services. The Recycling Coordinator reports to Student Services. The Operations Manager reports to Administration. The entire program is coordinated by the Solid Waste Board (SWAB).

c

Please describe outstanding elements of your program - Partnership. - Voluntaty/Reinforcing. - Diverse, continual, creative outreach. . Connective and inclusive. Non-extremist, solution-oriented. - Fiscally accountable. - Student oriented/ service learning.

26 University of Colorado at Boulder

e Dartmouth College a# 603-646- 1 1 10 CONTACT Bill Hochstin Facilities Operation Management 61 11 McKenzie Hall - Dartmouth College Hanover, NH 03755

Director - Dartmouth Recycles

Phone: 603-646-2485 Fax: 603-646-2485

E-mail: Web Site: http://www.dartmouth.edu-recycle/index.

html

RECYCLING PROGRAM STATISTICS Budget for recycling: None If no budget, estimate amount spent on recycling


$175,000

custodians

Number of part-time staff: Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: Number of volunteers: Total volunteer hours: Percentage of staff are students:

Recycled products purchased: Office supplies Toilet supplies

Material recycled W computer paper 181 blend office paper R gloss magazines mixed office paper IXI phone books corrugated cardboard

auto oil R auto batteries R fluorescent lights R#l plastic 0 #4 plastic 0 #5 plastic

aluminum cans R steel cans

Bfiber office paper white office paper colored paper newspaper

XI printer cartridges antifreeze a cooking grease scrap metal %I #2 plastic 0 #3 plastic XI #6 plastic 0 #7 plastic

glass bottles

Material composted W tree limbs H grass & other green matter H leaves food 0 animal bedding

Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the following, ‘A’ if equipment is contracted and ‘5’ if equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities Polystyrene densifier

Baler B - - Pallet jacks - Forklift Glass crusher

- - Can crusher - -

~~~~~

Dattmouth College 21

http://www.dartmouth.edu-recycle/index

Number of Type Of trucks: trucks: - 3 0 rear bad packer 0 18 ft van truck 0 rolloff truck

0 front load packer 0 gof cart 0 pick-up truck 0 side loader 0 12 R van truck

181 truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 0 dump truck

Two-wheeled roll carts: 30 gal 900+ 60 gal 90gal yes Four-wheeled roll carts: Size Corrugated containers:

Fiber barrels: 30 gal 50 gal Plastic containers: 30 gal loo+ 40 gal 50 gal

Dorm bin: 1-5 gal wmoies Curbside bin: 12-18 gal

1-5 gal w/o holes 20 gal

Metal containers: 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal 50 gal 60 gal 70 gal

Number of outdoor containers used for recycling: Number of compartments: Description of outdoor COntahTS: "Hallmark" from Rubbermaid, customized to need. For

cans only. Number of dumpsters used for recycling: Description of dumpsters:

4

Briefly describe your collection program from source to marketing of materlals. Please mention dlfferences in your collection process for different types of buiidlngs.

Custodians remove trash and recyclablesfrom central collection areas in each building and deposil them at pick up sites. Recyclingltrash crews pick up the recyclables and move them to compactors. These compactors are spread around campus and are haden from view.

In the residence halls, students take their recyclables to basement recycling areas. These basement recycling stations contain bins for glass, paper, and cardboard. Custodians move the recyclables from the basement to the pidc up sites. Again, recycling crews service the pick up sites.


17 Participation 0 Scheduling Collection process IxI Education 17 Markets 0 Theft 0 Funding 0 Staffing

We constantly work on education. First year students all receive a mug, silverware, and a bandana plus instructions at orientation. All new employees are trained at orientation and receive a coffee mug.

To deal with problems that may crop up, we have established a Resource Working Group, which is comprised of top administrative managers. This group meets every other week to strategize on environmental issues.

What advice do you have for other programs? Local coalitions work; don't try to reinvent the wheel.

28 Dartmouth College


We measure success by tracking : 'the percentage of waste we have recycled by weight and; - reductions in the total amount of waste produced by weight.

Does your school have a written pollcy or leglslatlve mandate regarding recycllng, reuse and/or reductlon?k

not mandatory

Other than written policy, how else Is recycling, reuse and/or reductlon encouraged?

Our Resources Working Group constantly works on waste reduction issues.

Dartmouth Recycles supplies all incoming freshmen with 22 02. mugs. These mugs should be used whenever possible, to cut down on waste. These mugs can also be purchased from Dartmouth Recycles or Dartmouth Dining Sewices for $2.

very own personalized china coffee mug.

reuse items like binders and manila folders and envelopes. Departments with large quantities of these materials.can call Central Stores to see il there is demand elsewhere in the college.

Dartmouth Recycles will provide each employee that takes the "Reusable Pledge" with their

Departmental information can be sent over "Blimail" to save paper. We encourage people to


the college was searching for a means to reduce the amount of waste sent to the landfill, and 2) The Environmental Studies Division of the Outing Club (ESD) had started a recycling program that quickly outgrew its resources. In December 1987, the Director of Building and Grounds suggested the college establish a campus wide program. Bill Hochtsin was hired to research the waste stream. He worked closely with students in the Environmental Policy Class who were charged with conducting a waste stream audit. The students monitored the college's trash for one week in April and issued a report which concluded that 25% of the waste stream was recyclable. With this report in hand, Bill Hochstin, established Dartmouth Recycles.

In June 1990, Dartmouth Recycles received EPAs best recycling program award.

Dartmouth Recycles was established in July 1988. It was formed as the result of two efforts: 1)

What Is your program's structure and how does it fit into the organlzatlonal structure of the unlverslty?

Dartmouth Recycles is a service of Facilities Operation Management. Facilities falls under the Vice President of Finance. Participation in the program is voluntary ; Dartmouth Recycles establishes partnerships with other departments. These include purchasing, dining services, outdoor programs, environmental studies, planning, dean of students, and the faculty office.

Please describe outstanding elements of your program - Constant education. Percentage of participation in voluntary program. Creative responses to issues.

Dartmouth College 29

Dartmouth College

- Georgetown University 68 CONTACT Jon Miller Recycling and Solid Waste 8-24 Harbin Hall Washington, DC 20057-1 189

Recycling and Solid Waste Manager

Phone: 202-687-2033

E-mail: [email protected] Fa: 202-687-261 0

Web Site:



Solid Waste

Number of part-time staff: 2 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 40 Number of volunteers: 1-5 Total volunteer hours: Percentage of staff are students:

Recycled products purchased:

Material recycled

H computer paper 0 blend office paper fiber office paper white office paper IXI gloss magazines mixed office paper H colored paper H newspaper H phone books mcorrugated cardboard H printer cartridges R antifreeze H auto oil B auto batteries H cooking grease R scrap metal 0 fluorescent lights m#l plastic H #2 plastic #3 plastic 0 #4 plastic 0 #i plastic 0 #6 plastic 0 #7 plastic H aluminum cans steel cans H glass bottles

Material composted 151 tree limbs grass & other green malter 181 leaves 17 food 0 animal bedding

Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the following, ‘A’ if equipment is contracted and ‘B’ if equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities B - Pallet jacks B Baler Forklift B

Glass crusher - Can crusher Polystyrene densifier - - - - - Georgetown University 31


Number of Type of trucks: trucks: - 5 0 rear load pac%er B 18 tt van truck 0 rolloff truck

0 front load packer PII goli cart H pick-up truck side loader

0 12 fl van truck 0 truck longbed w/hydraulic lift W dump truck

Two-wheeled roll carts: 30 gal 60 gal 90gal 107 Four-wheeled roll carts: Size Cormgated containers:

Fiber barrels: 30 gal 50 gal Plastic containers: 30 gal 560 40 gal 50 gal

Dorm bin: 1-5 gal wholes Curbside bin: 12-18 gal

Metal containers: 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal 50 gal 60 gal 70 gal

1-5 gal wlo holes 20 gal

Number of outdoor containers used tor recycling: Number of compartments: Description of outdoor containers: 105 gallon recycling toters (used for centralized

collection at each building, placed on loading docks) Number of dumpsters used for recycling: Description of dumpsters: 1.5 -3.0 cubic yd. dumpsters

107

98

Srlefly describe your collection program from source to marketing of materials. Please mention differences in your collectlon process for different types of buildings.

Our program uses source separation throughout to ensure participation and avoid contamination. Recycling centers are in place throughout the campus, interior, exterior, office, dorm, public buildings, etc. The containers are marked news, mixed paper, white paper, commingled containers (glass, #I plastic, #E plastic, steel cans), and aluminum. Aluminum is separate because of its’ consistent value in bringing needed revenue to the program. Once a student drops a can or a piece of paper in the container housekeeping removes the contents (daily or weekly depending on the flow) and puts the commodities into the exterior containers. The exterior containers are in the same order and variety as the indoor: new, mixed, white, etc. Recycling is collected daily Monday through Friday by grade: news, commingled, aluminum, mixed and white. There are various configurations of enclosuresfor Ihe waste and recycling receptacles for collection by our department. Many are reasonably well placed but wme require a series of ramps. Others must be pushed and pulled up and down stairs to provide the students with reasonable access compared with three trash chute locations in each dorm. Some collection areas are interior and require a l i and roll up door. However, all are safe and well marked.

The most effective aspect of our operation is that all our trucks can be used to pull either trash or recycling in various size dumpsters, or toters on the same side. All the equipment and vehicles have the same basic configuration and lend themselves well to reduced physical labor and improved productivity through mechanization. We designed our toter Iifl mechanisms. They were engineered by an outside contractor. The result has been a 20% increase in recycling productivity and a 70% decrease in injuries.

32 Georgetown University

What are Some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled?

Participation 0 Scheduling Collection process Education Markets 0 Theft 0 Funding Staffing

Participation and contamination are the two major ongoing problems. We have employed creative methods to promote the program and increase participation. Each Christmas, the manager of recycling dresses up as Santa and goes around campus giving out goodies and spreading the recycling message. At Halloween, the costume choice differs each year. One year the manager dressed as the “Recycling Pirate.”

We also use the typical means of communication-- posters and presentations. We often sponsor events wth the Environmental Society (a club on campus).

We are trying to standardize our containers so that contamination will be reduced. We are also trying to eliminate the lone trash can and the situation where the number of trash cans far exceeds that of recycling bins. We are putting up “waste centers” which contain several containers for recyclables and one container for trash.

What advice do you have for other programs? Standardize your containers so that users can readily understand how to recycle no matter

where they are on your campus. Use the “KISS” (Keep it simple, stupid) method in whatever you do. If recycling programs are

thoughtfully integrated with solid waste management, universities should realize a cost savings. A full cost accounting analysis should be done so that these savings can be convincingly demonstrated to administrators


We measure success through our waste diversion rate and tonnage. We also evaluate our progress in other areas including waste reduction, energy use and procurement of recycled products. We need to look at both ends of materials flow though the campus. We aren’t really succeeding U increased recycling is offset by increased overall waste production.

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycilng, reuse and/or reduction? Yes

Other than written pollcy, how else is recycling, reuse and/or reductlon encouraged?

user everything they need to know about the program. It includes our ”philosophy” on recycling and the nuts and bok of how to recycle on campus.

We have recently started a computer recycling program. We are pulling apart old 286 computers, scavenging the usable components, and building workable computers. We then

Everyone on campus gets our recycling handbook, which is our recycling “Bible.” It tells the

~ ~~ ~


donate these computers to elementaty schools and other organizations.


The recycling program was formed in 1989, but the actual operations didn't start until 1990. Austin Thomas was hired to design and run the program. She was one of the graduates of the University of Colorado's recycling program. In 1992 Jon Miller took over the program and combined it with solid waste.

What is your program's structure and how does It fit into the organizational structure of the university?

Recycling is part of the division that contains landscape, grounds and solid waste. This division falls under Physical Plant, which falls under Facilities Management. The director of Facilities Management reports to the Vice President of Facilities Management and Administration.


one manager. This makes it much easier to increase recycling and show a cost savings, since resources can be readily shtted between the two areas. We have reached a fairly high recycling rate (43%). We have customdesigned our equipment to maximize efficiency and personnel use. Recycling has a lot of freedom which gives us the opportunity to be take initiative and be creative. In future we hope to become more involved in energy management, transportation, and bikeways.

We have combined all aspects of solid waste management, (both recycling and trash) under


’e t8 Highline Community College 206-878-3710 CONTACT Kari Lopez Purchasing PO Box 98000 Des Moines , WA 98198-9800

Director of Central Support Services

Phone: 206-870-3761


Web Site:

RECYCLING PROGRAM STATISTICS Budget for recycling: $5760 If no budget, estimate amount spent on recycling:


Purchasing, mail services, shipping & receiving, haz material handling, physical inventory.

Number of pad-time staff: 1 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 10 Number of volunteers: 0 Total volunteer hours: 0 Percentage of staff are students: o Recycled products purchased: Office supplies

Toilet supplies

Material recycled

0 computer paper 0 gloss magazines mixed off ice paper colored paper W newspaper

phone books W corrugated cardboard W printer cartridges 0 antifreeze 64 auto oil W auto batteries 0 cooking grease scrap metal 0 fluorescent lights 0 #1 plastic 0#2 plastic 0 #3 plastic 0 #4 plastic CI #5 plastic 0#6 plastic 0 #7 plastic 64 aluminum cans 0 steel cans 0 glass bottles

W blend office paper Mfiber office paper W white office paper

Material composted tree limbs grass 8. other green matter 181 leaves 0 food 0 animal bedding

Equipment 8 Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the Fo//owing, ’A’ if equipment is contracfed and ‘6 if equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities B Polystyrene densifier

- Forklift B Palletjacks - B Baler Glass crusher - -

- Can crusher - - Highline Community College

35


Number of Type of trucks: 0 rear bad packer 0 front load packer 0 side loader 0 12 ft van truck

trucks: -



Metal containers:

30 gal

30 aal 75

018ftvantruck 0 rolloff truck 0 golf cart 0 truck longbed w/hydraulic lilt

60 gal 90 gal

0 pick-up tuck

0 dump truck

Size

_ _ __ . - 50 gal 30 gal 40 gal 50 gal Dorm bin: 1-5 gal wholes Curbside bin: 12-18 gal 20 gal 40 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal


1-5 gal w/o holes



Briefly describe your collection program from source to marketing of materials. Please mention dlfferences in your collection process for different types of buildings.

Individuals recycle materials at the work site break rooms. These are deposited into 30 gal fiber barrels by custodial staff. A part-time recycling company (using our electric cart) collects barrels and sorts them into Gaylord containers. These are then picked up by the recycling company. The Gaylords are housed in a heated work area which is enclosed. Confidential shredding also takes place in this area and shredded documents are recycled. Buildings that have computer labs 8 copiers place waste directly into barrels. Custodians collect cardboard & place in dumpster for recycler.


Participation 0 Scheduling 0 Collection process 0 Education 0 Markets 0 Theft 0 Funding 0 Staffing

Our problems include: participation and lack of student volunteers. After five years enthusiasm has wom off and it is difficult to keep the program energized. As a state institution we're used to doing things "because it's the law" and that mentality is probably what keeps the program going. I could use some high energy, environmentally conscientious students!

are remodeled. We have a problem with unsightly containers. These "Ugy bins are targeted by staff as areas


To succeed you need the support of top administration. Without it, you have limited chance of succeeding. A committee approach is useful because it invokes people from all areas of campus. You need someone who will accept leadership & see the thing through. You need a budget.

36 Highline Community College

There doesn't need to be a lot of money spent; but there is a cost associated with start-up and daily operation.

You need a way to implement a long-term commitment. Enher as part of a student group so that the program will get passed on or as part of the curriculum. I think our program is missing those elements which would make it dynamite.

How do you measure success? - Total campus awareness, interest, and involvement. * Rising statistics for waste recycled.

A program in which individuals take pride and participate willingly.

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycling. reuse and/or reduction? Yes

Other than wrltten policy, how else Is recycling, reuse and/or reduction encouraged?

Visibiliy of containers 8 recyclers A matter of policy at both the state and college levels.


Washington State has passed several pieces of legislation requiring waste management. In 1989, the legislature passed ESHB 1671, the "Waste Not Washington Act". This required state agencies to meet specific guidelines in accomplishing waste reduction and recycling. An office was funded for several years to monitor and encourage compliance. The office was G.0.L.D or government options to landfill disposal. I did a tremendous job with limited resources.

The Department of Ecology made funds available to the private sector to help the puMi sector get recycling and waste reduction established. There were a number of programs established at that time. Highline connected with a private company which had a proposal approved by DOE. They contacted us and we became a pilot project for community colleges in Washington State.

The Administration supported our program from the start. Furthermore, early on we sought c

and got buy-in from both stafl and students.

What is your program's structure and how does It fit Into the organizational structure of the unlverslty?

- -

It is a responsibility of the Central Services department and Facilities department.


long as we have. That we were actually able to get off the ground and have continued as well as we do for as

Highline Community College 31

38 Hghline Community College

Humboldt State University 707-826-301 1

CONTACT Misha Beigay-Gutman Solid Waste Reduction Coordinator Physical Services Arcata, CA 95521-8299

Phone: 707-826-571 1


Web Ste: http://sorrel.humboldt.edu/-recycle/intr. htm



Number of part-time staff: 16 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 4-20 eac Number of volunteers: varies Total volunteer hours: varies Percentage of staff are students: 75

Recycled products purchased: Construction supplies Toilet supplies Office supplies

Material recycled

W computer paper 181 gloss magazines mixed office paper colored paper H newspaper H phone books Wcorwgated cardboard IXI printer cartridges 0 antifreeze 181 auto oil 0 auto batteries W cooking grease H scrap metal 0 fluorescent lights W#i plastic #2 plastic 0 #3 plastic 0 #4 plastic 0 #5 plastic 0 #6 plastic 0 #7 plastic 181 aluminum cans 181 steel cans W glass bottles

blend office paper fiber office paper W white office paper

Material composted tree limbs grass & other green matter 0 leaves W food 0 animal bedding

Equipment ti Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the fo//owing, ’A’ if equipment is contracted and ‘B if equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities Polystyrene densifier

- Pallet jacks Baler Can crusher


- - - -

39 Humboldt State University

mailto:[email protected]://sorrel.humboldt.edu/-recycle/intr

Number of Type Of trucks: trucks: - 1 0 rear bad packer

0 front load packer 0 side loader O12ftvantruck



Metal containers:

30 gal 4

O18ftvantruck 0 rolloff truck

181 truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 0 dump truck 181 goll can LII pick-up truck

60 gal 90gal 120 Size 4.5’ I x 4.Sd x 3 . 5 ’ ~

30 gal 50gal 31 30 gal 40 gal 50gal 85 Dorm bin: 1-5 gal wholes 1-5 gal w/o holes Curbside bin: 12-18 gal 20 gal 20gal 210 3Ogal 30 40 gal 50 gal 60 gal 70 gal

Number of outdoor containers used for recycling: Number of compartments:

Description of outdoor containers: 15 wooden enclosures having 3 barrels for beverage containers/plastic


Briefly descrlbe your collectlon program from source to marketing of materials. Please mention differences In your collection process for different types of buildings.

The Campus Recycling Program (CRP) is directed and run by students, with a full-time paid adviser. Student staff empties bins at main collection sites which are on the exterior of each building. The Janitorial staff empties white and mixed paper recycling bins inside the buildings and drops off the materials at these external collection sites. Individuals in each building must take their own glass and cans to the main collection sites.

The Ecocycle is a bicycle like vehicle with mom for carrying three 55 gallon barrels. It is used to service sites which are inaccessible to the truck.

CRP has flatbed pick-up truck and an “Ecocycle” which it uses to services the collection sites.

CRP takes cardboard direct to Arcata Community Recycling Center. Glass, plastic and aluminum is sorted first.

What are some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled? 0 Participation 0 Scheduling 0 Collection process 0 Education 0 Markets 0 Theft 181 Funding 0 Staffing

The recycling program was begun in 1988 as a student run program and it is still student run. Because it is outside the mainstream of the university, it is aiways struggling for funds. The budget is small. Recently, the program acquired an adviser. This has been a major transition for the program. Since it has always been a studentdirected program, it has been difficult for them to give up autonomy.




savings).

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycling, reuse and/or reductlonXes

High participation rates & amounts of material diverted from landfill (avoided disposal cost

Other than written policy, how else Is recycilng, reuse and/or reduction encouraged?

Monthly mems to faculty I staff. Visible recycling program I in-sewice learning approach for students /student involvement in

Tabling on the Quad. * “Recycler“ newsletter. - Waste prevention posters; double sided copy reminder at copy machines.

operations, etc.

Give a brief history of your program Began in 1975 as a pilot office paper recycling project by the Arcata Community Recycling

Center, it has been expanded over the years by the Campus Recycling Program to collect a wide variety of materials for recycling. This model program now diverts 50% of waste from entering the landfill thus realizing a $35,000 savings from avoided disposal costs. Some key milestones in our history:

1980- Drop-off sites are placed in the residence halls. 1987-1988- Recycling Feasibility Study conducted by the Campus Center for Appropriate

1988-1989-- The Campus Recycling Program officially formed. Approximately, 33 containers

1989-1990-- CRP received student funding. 1991-1992-- California Integrated Waste Management Board designates CRP as a model

1992-1993- Solid Waste Reduction Coordinator position is created.

Technology. This study identified the types and quantiies of recyclables being thrown out at HSU.

were placed around campus.

program and gives it a $25K grant.

.~


CRP has a 14 person student staff and a full-time adviser (paid by the state). The student staff is divided into a large education staff, a small office staff, and a large collection staff. The adviser

~

reports to Physical Services. ~


Hands-on / real world experience for students. In-service learning approach, leading to leadership &waste management employment

The Board of Directors are all students. opportunities after graduation.

- CRPs education department tuns a master composter program, performs the “Reducers” a Humboldf Slate University 41

30 minute skit for elementaty children, produces the newsletter, and ongoing residence hall education. - POWR (Pmgressive Office Waste Reduction) Project conducts brief workshops with stafl and faculty, offering the participants waste reduction handbooks.

Very visible and readily accessible recycling containers. - “Eco-Cycle,” a human-powered recycling collection vehicle.


4- Medical University of South Carolina w 803-792-2300 CONTACT Christine Risher Recycling Coordinator Housekeeping, Physical Plant 171 Ashley Ave Charleston, SC 29425

Phone: 803-792-4066 F a : 803-792-0251

E-mail: [email protected] Web Site:



$62,230

none

Number of part-time staff: 1 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 12 Number of volunteers: 0 Total volunteer hours: 0 Percentage of staff are students: 0

Recycled products purchased: Toilet supplies

Material recycled 181 computer paper blend office paper H fiber office paper 0 white office paper H gloss magazines H mixed office paper 0 colored paper 0 newspaper

phone books corrugated cardboard printer cartridges 0 antifreeze 0 auto oil 0 auto batteries I3 cooking grease 0 scrap metal H fluorescent lights H # 1 plastic I3 #2 plastic 0 #3 plastic

#4 plastic 0 #5 plastic 0 #6 plastic II] #7 plastic H aluminum cans 0 steel cans 0 glass bottles

Material composted H tree limbs H grass &other green matter 181 leaves 0 food animal bedding

Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the following, ‘A’ if equipment is contracted and ‘E’ if equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities Polystyrene densifier

Baler 0 - - Pallet jacks Can crusher


- - - -

Medical University of South Carolina 43


Number of Type of trucks: 0 rear load packer 0 18 ft van truck 0 front load packer fl golf cart 0 side loader W truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 0 12 ft van truck 0 dump truck

Two-wheeled roll carts: 30 gal 50 60 gal 90gal 6 Four-wheeled roil carts: 55 Size 90 gal Corrugated containers:

0 rolloff truck 0 pick-up truck

- trucks:

Fiber barrels: 30 gal 50 gal

Plastic containers: 30 gal 40 gal 17 50 gal Dorm bin: 1-5 gal w/holes 1-5 gal w/o holes Curbside bin: 12-1 8 gal 20 20gal 400

Metal containers: 20 gal 30 gal 40 gal


Number of outdoor containers used for recycling: Number of compartments: Description of outdoor containers: 1 20 yd, 7 30yd w/8 door, 1 20 yd w18 door

Number of dumpsters used for recycling: 13 Description of dumpsters: 2 cu. yd. dumpsters used for cardboard

8


Office fiber - Individuals empty desk-side containers into slim jim or larger cont. Recycling Asst. uses 90 gal cart to collect paper from buildings and empties these into the 30-yd outdoor sites. Contractor delivers to Paper Stock. OCC - housekeepers take cardboard to 2-cu yd or directly to baler. Recycling Asst. empties 2-cu yd into baler. Paper Stock picks-up bales. Aluminum - part-time employee empties bins into a steel cage. Charleston steel picks-up. News - Recycling Asst. collects from central locations then puts in 30 yd outdoor bin. Contractor delivers to Paper Stock. Magazine/Books - We fill 90 gal bins & take to Paper Stock. PlastidSteeVGlass - (limited program) labs collect & 6ag recyclables and set out on Fri. morning. Housekeepers set bags out on curb. Recycling staff picks up material and takes it to 20 yd county collections bin on campus. Phone books - gaylords & 90 gallon containers are placed at drop-off points &other points of high generation. Recycling staff delivers books to County Recycling Center. Scrap metal - 20-yd container located on campus pick-up by contractor. Yardwaste - Clear bagged by yard crew, taken to holding area then city picks up every Monday. Silver & Radiology film - a Florida company comes to collect this for processing. Oil - Large collection tank which is pumped out once a year by a contractor. Lead-acid batteries - an on-call service where Recycling staff picks-up and takes material to County Recycling Center. Fluorescent Tubes - Electric & Maintenance Shops put back in box & store them in haz waste trailer until contractor coilects.

What are some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled? 0 Participation 0 Scheduling fl Collection process fl Education 0 Markets 0 Theft W Funding W Staffing

The program stalled from 1993 to 1995 because there was no one directly in charge of the


program. In 1992, a few bins and balers were installed. By 1995, more service was demanded, so the Administration decided to hire a recycling coordinator.

Currently, we are growing too fast. We don’t have enough labor to keep up with the work load and have to borrow help from the other shops on occasion. We are going to lease a truck with a toter lift to help decrease labor hours, and we are planning to hire another full-time employee.


six months, send a list of your goals and achievements to the Vice President of your division. Focus on saving the institution big money and let them know when you are successful. Every

Focus on getting a grant - schools love grants. Try not to spread time and energy resources too thin.

How do you measure success? Amount of service we are able to provide.

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycling, reuse and/or reduction?No


.e-mail messages. The school phone book has a full page with recycling information. We write articles for the newspaper, produce a quarterly newsletter, and send out broadcast

We have a surplus property department; also people send out broadcast messages about expensive items they don’t need, but would like to sell. Our safety dept. is trying to encourage researchers to use distilled solvents.

Give a brief history of your program The program began in 1992 with cardboard recycling. It was organized and run by volunteers

and housekeeping staff. A full time person was hired in March 1995. Currently, we compost and recycle 15 items.


Recycling Asst. (Full time) - Recycling Asst. (Part time) Pres - V.P. - Dir of Engineering - Dir of Phy. Plant - Housekeeping Dir. - Recycling Coor. -

- ~

Please describe outstanding elements of your program Office fiber collection for 1995-96 came close to doubling the 1994-95 figures. Have over 150 collection containers throughout campus. - Program to collect aluminum cans for Burned Children is very successful. All money raised ~

goes to buy nonmedical items for those children


46 Medical University of South Carolina

The University of Michigan 313-764-1817 43

CONTACT Erica Spiegel Recycling Coordinator Grounds & Waste Management Services 1 1 10 E. Huron Street Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1631

Phone: 313-763-5539

E-mail: [email protected] F a : 313-764-9390

Web Site: www.umich.edu/-recycle


Number of full-time staff involved in recycling: 5 Other dutiesfor full-time staff:

waste management & recycling are integrated

Number of,part-time staff: 2 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 20 Number of volunteers: 0 Total volunteer hours: 0 Percentage of staff are students: less than 10% Recycled products purchased: Office supplies

Toilet supplies

Material recycled computer paper H blend office paper IXI fiber office paper white office paper gloss magazines W mixed off ice paper colored paper newspaper

Bphone books H auto oil 0 fluorescent lights 0 #4 plastic 181 aluminum cans

Hcorrugated cardboard printer cartridges 0 antifreeze auto batteries 0 cooking grease H scrap metal

B#l plastic #2 plastic #3 plastic 0 #5 plastic 0#6 plastic 0 #7 plastic

steel cans glass bottles

Material composted H tree limbs grass & other green matter H leaves 0 food 0 animal bedding

Equipment & Collection containers dedicated to recycling For the following. ‘A’ if equipment is contracted and 8’ if equipment is in-house Warehouse facilities Polystyrene denstier

- Baler - Pallet jacks - Forklift Glass crusher

- _. Can crusher - -

41 The University of Michigan


Number of Type of trucks: trucks: - 2 181 rear load packer 0 1 8 ft van truck 0 rolloff truck

181 front load packer 0 goH cart 0 side loader 0 12 ft van truck

0 pick-up truck 0 truck longbed w/hydraulic lift 0 dump truck



Metal containers:

30 gal 60 gal 90gal 800 Size

10,000 30 gal 50 gal

30 gal 40 gal 50 gal Dorm bin: 1-5 gal whales 5,000 1-5 gal wlo holes Curbside bin: 12-1 8 gal 1,200 20 gal 20gal 1,000 30gal 6,500 40gal 50 gal 60 gal 70 gal

Number of outdoor containers used for recycling: Number of compartments: Description of outdoor containers: Used in campus Diag area. Concrete container with

openings for paper and bottleskans. Number of dumpsters used for recycling: Description of dumpsters: Range in size from 2yd to 6yd, emptied by front-loader.

10

180

Briefly describe your collection program from source to marketing of materials. Please mention differences In your collection process for different types of buildings.

Admin BMgs: Desk-side boxes emptied by office people to central collection cans. Central collections are emptied by custodial (in-house) staff and brought to dock dumpster for papers or tip carts for containers (all commingled). In-house waste/recycling services collects from dock using packer trucks. Deliver to a local MRF where materials are sorted, processed, shipped to market.

Residence Halls: In room totebin emptied into hall waste/recycle closet by student. Then,

Family Housing/Apts : Typical multdamily setup. Totebin emptied into outdoor containers which are then collected weekly.

What are some of the past and current problems your program has faced and how were they handled7

custodians empty into dock area bins. The rest is the same as the Admin. bldgs.

181 Participation 0 Scheduling 0 Collection process W Education 0 Markets 0 Theft 0 Funding 0 Staffing

We have dealt with or continue to deal with the following problems: - Student participation in the residential halls is low. We try to improve signs and labels on bins. They don? read and heed signs.

loading docks over the years.

Language classes on how to recycle.

Storage space at loading docks -we have been involved with (and paying for) renovations at

.Language barriers in Family Housing - developed a curriculum for English as Second

- Dumping of household trash into recycling dumpsters. . Contract negotiationldispute with MRF operator. The University of Michigan 48


new-employee training programs.

campus community.

Work with custodial staff. Be nice to them. Give them awards, thanks. Be involved in their

Keep feeding clear, consistent and coordinated messages I promotions about recycling to

Establish a network of recycling liaisons or “champions” in each building/department as a way

Don’t ever think recycling collection is free of cost. Integrate recycling collection and

Get as many communicatiorVadvertisements in existing publications or events. Try to piggy

to “trickle down” information about program.

admidmgt with waste collection.

back your messages onto others, not to create more publications.


We use the following parameters to measure success: - Number of tons collected; * Number of people who attend events we host (Town Meetings, Buy-Recycled Expo): - Feedback from custodians; * Number of news articles in newspaper.

Does your school have a written policy or legislative mandate regarding recycling, reuse and/or reduction? NO

Other than written policy, how else Is recycllng, reuse and/or reductlon enc o uraged 7

advertisements in newspaper, also in the phone book ’yellow pages”.

waste. Waste assessments are planned.

Glve a brlef history of your program

into housing. Also at that time, a full-time Recycling Coordinator was hired by Grounds who took over waste operations. Grant money was received in 1990 to purchase collection trucks & dumpsters. More money was spent on collection equipment in 1991 and this year. We began moving towards total commingled program during 1994-95.

Various printed media -flyers, posters in Res Halls; our phone number is all over paid

Pollution Prevention is done by environmental health dept since it is not considered solid

In 1988, students $ked for recycling and in the 1988-89 academic year recycling was phased

What is your program’s structure and how does it fit Into the organizational structure of the unlverslty?

The President oversees Business & Finance Ops and Housing. Plant Operation falls under Bus & Fin Ops. Grounds &Waste Mgt Services & Building Sewices report to Plant Operations. The RecyclingNVaste staff reports to Grounds.


Good rapport with Building Services. They treat me like a member of their department. We run a very tight ship and efficient collection for waste and recyclables, compete with private

haulers.

The University of Michigan 49

50 The University of Michigan

Middlebury College 802-443-5000 43

CONTACT Jennifer Hazen Environmental Coordinator Facilities Management 1 st Floor Service Bldg., Middlebury College Middlebury, VT 05753

Phone: 802-443-5043

E-mail: [email protected] Web Site: httpi/w.middlebury.edu/-recycle/

Fax: 802-443-5753



$58,000

waste collection, general delivers

Number of part-time staff: up to 23 Total hours worked per week by part-time staff: 77 Number of volunteers: 0 Total volunteer hours: 0 Percentage of staff are students: 9

Documents

P2 InfoHouse · Produced by: Project Manager & Editor Stephanie Finn Environmental Management Consultant 919-544-5715 Concept Development 62 Contract Manager John Bonitz Waste Management