Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam

8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/overview-water-sanitation-asia-unsgab-seetharam 1/18

Overview of Water andSanitation in Asia

Overview of Water andSanitation in Asia

Asian Dialogue on Water and Sanitation

31 May 2007, Shanghai

Kallidaikurichi Easwaran SeetharamPrincipal Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist,

Regional and Sustainable Development Department

The author’s views do not necessarily represent the policies of ADB or its Board of Directors

Asian Dialogue on Water and Sanitat ion

31 May 2007, Shanghai

Kallidaikurichi Easwaran SeetharamPrincipal Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist,

Regional and Sustainable Development Department

The author’s views do not necessarily represent the policies of ADB or its Board of Directors



Water and Sanitation CoverageWater and Sanitation Coverage

in Asia and the Pacificin Asia and the Pacific



Good progress made,but significant gaps remain

Drinking Water Coverage Estimates for Subregions in Asia and the Pacific, 1990 and 2002 (in millions)

1990

Population* Served Population** Unserved Population

Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural

East and Northeast Asia 1,351 446 905 994 445 549 357 1 356

North and Central Asia 215 140 75 196 135 61 19 5 14

Pacific 27 19 8 24 19 5 3 - 3

South and Southwest Asia 1,232 345 887 875 310 568 357 35 319

Southeast Asia 440 141 299 321 128 194 119 13 105

Total 3,265 1,091 2,174 2,410 1,037 1,377 855 54 797

2002



East and Northeast Asia 1,502 631 871 1,202 591 604 300 40 260


Pacific 32 23 9 28 23 5 4 - 4

South and Southwest Asia 1,551 481 1,070 1,318 457 871 233 24 209

Southeast Asia 536 220 316 423 201 226 113 19 94

Total 3,837 1,490 2,347 3,168 1,405 1,774 669 85 584

Increase from 1990 to 2002 572 399 173 758 368 397 (186) 31 (213)

Subregions

Subregions



Good progress made,but significant gaps remain

Sanitation Coverage Estimates for Subregions in Asia and the Pacific, 1990 and 2002 (in millions)

1990





Pacific 27 19 8 24 19 4 3 - 4

South and Southwest Asia 1,232 345 887 283 201 76 949 144 811

Southeast Asia 440 141 299 211 97 117 229 44 182

Total 3,265 1,091 2,174 1,126 763 351 2,139 328 1,823

2002


Total Urban Rural Total Urban Total Urban Rural



Pacific 32 23 9 28 23 4 4 - 4

South and Southwest Asia 1,551 481 1,070 605 334 266 946 147 799

Southeast Asia 536 220 316 327 181 163 209 39 170

Total 3,837 1,490 2,347 1,883 1,129 756 1,954 361 1,593

Increase from 1990 to 2002 572 399 173 757 366 405 (185.00) 33 (230.00)

Subregions

Subregions



Urban Water Supply Scenario

North and Central Asia

Azerbaijan, Russia

Southeast

Asia

ThailandPacificPalau, Tuvalu

East andNortheastAsia

PRC

Pacific

Marshall

Islands, Samoa,Vanuatu

SoutheastAsia

Indonesia,Philippines

South and Southwest Asia

India, Sri Lanka,Turkey

Are countrieson track to

meet MDGTarget 10?


meet MDGTarget 10?



Rural Water Supply Scenario

North andCentral Asia

Azerbaijan

Southeast

Asia

IndonesiaPacificKiribati,Micronesia,Tuvalu

North and Central AsiaKazakhstan,Uzbekistan

Pacific

Palau, PapuaNew Guinea,Vanuatu

SoutheastAsia

Philippines


Bangladesh, India,Nepal


PRC


meet MDGTarget 10?


meet MDGTarget 10?



Urban Sanitation Scenario

Southeast

AsiaPhilippines,Thailand,Viet Nam

PacificKiribati, Palau,Tuvalu


PRC

Pacific

Papua NewGuinea


Bangladesh, India,Pakistan, Sri Lanka

North and CentralAsia

Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan

South andSouthwest Asia

Turkey


meet MDGTarget 10?


meet MDGTarget 10?



Rural Sanitation Scenario


PRC

Southeast Asia

Philippines,Thailand,Viet Nam

PacificCook Island,RMI, Palau,Tuvalu

PacificMicronesia,Papua NewGuinea

North andCentral Asia

Afghanistan


Bangladesh, India,Nepal, Pakistan, Sri

Lanka

Southeast Asia

Indonesia

South andSouthwest Asia

Turkey


meet MDGTarget 10?


meet MDGTarget 10?



Access to drink ing w ater

in Asia—Big challengeNumber of people inregion lacking access

(mill ions)

Share of allunserved living inindicated region

(percent)

East Asia 300 28%

South Asia 233 22%

Southeast Asia 113 11%

Central Asia 19 2%

Pacific 4 <1%

Total 669 65%

Rest of the world 378 35%

Source: Asia Water Watch 2015

65%



Access to sanitation in Asia—

A serious concern!Number of people inregion lacking access

(mill ions)

Share of allunserved living inindicated region

(percent)

East Asia 751 29%

South Asia 946 36%

Southeast Asia 209 8%

Central Asia 44 1%

Pacific 4 <1%

Total 1,954 79%

Rest of the world 634 21%

Source: Asia Water Watch 2015

79%



Water and Sanitation CrucialWater and Sanitation Crucial

for Developmentfor Development

Indicator Correlation w ith water

[No of economies]

Correlation w ithsanitation

[No of economies]

HDI-2003 0.78 [150] 0.85 [140]

F/M ratio in tertiaryenrolment

0.59 [127] 0.67 [118]

Infant mortality -0.76 [150] -0.78 [140]

Under nourishedpopulation

-0.65 [121] -0.68 [113]

Per capita healthexpenditure

-0.49 [149] -0.51 [139]

Source: ADB. 2006. Strategic Thinking for Achieving the MDGs

Benefits range from $3 to $34 for $1 investedBenefits range from $3 to $34 for $1 invested



Myths about Water andMyths about Water and

Sanitation DeliverySanitation DeliveryMyth

• Progress in achieving water andsanitation outcomes is hamperedby lack of funds

Reality• Progress can be made with

political w ill and commitment

• Champions bring about success• Good inst itut ional

arrangements sustain

the success madeby champions



Time is of the Essence Time is of the Essence

A shift in products, business A shift in products, business

processes, and partnershipsprocesses, and partnerships

ItI t ’ ’ s time fors time for “ “Business UnusualBusiness Unusual” ”

What is it?What is it?

3 key messages from ADB3 key messages from ADB



•• Drinking water isDrinking water is food food

(1(1 – –2 liters per capita per day)2 liters per capita per day)

•• Water for essential useWater for essential use

is ais a need need (10(10 – –2020 lpcdlpcd;;

own source, back own source, back --up)up)•• Water for other usesWater for other uses

is ais a good good (24(24--hour supply;hour supply;

full cost recovery)full cost recovery)

Deliver drinking water immediately to allDeliver drinking w ater immediately to all

Water is Food, Need, and Good



Sanitation?Sanitation?

It means toIt means to cleanclean

Lavatory?Lavatory?

It means toIt means to latherlather

Toilet?Toilet?It means toIt means to dress updress up

Comfort Room? LadiesComfort Room? Ladies ’ ’ Room? MenRoom? Men ’ ’ s Room?s Room?

Can we coin a marketCan we coin a market-- friendly w ord?friendly word?



Accessible(convenience)

Privacy(gender sensitive) A

Affordable

(pro-poor)

A A

Achievable(practical)

P NNature

(environmentally safe)

Aim for Aim for “ “ totaltotal” ” sanitation coverage by communitiessanitation coverage by communities



PartnershipsPartnerships

Civil SocietyGovernment

Policy

Private Sector

ServiceDeliveryFinancing ADB

other MDBs/UNSGAB

Move water and sanitation up on the national agendaMove water and sanitation up on the national agenda

ADB

other MDBs/UNSGAB

ADBother MDBs/

UNSGAB



Visit ADB's Water for All websitewww.adb.org/water

Subscribe to ADB’s Monthly

Water E-Newsletterwww.adb.org/Documents/Periodicals/Water/default.asp

For inquiries, [email protected]

For more information