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Undulator Parameter Workshop, May Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 2003 21-23, 2003 Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL SSRL Overview of Proposed Parameter Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Changes [email protected] [email protected] Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003 Calculation of On-Axis Undulator Field Calculation of On-Axis Undulator Field Undulator Period Undulator Period Maximum Available Linac Energy Maximum Available Linac Energy Undulator Gap Selection Undulator Gap Selection New Break Distances New Break Distances Reduction in Focusing Strength Reduction in Focusing Strength

Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

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Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003. Calculation of On-Axis Undulator Field Undulator Period Maximum Available Linac Energy Undulator Gap Selection New Break Distances Reduction in Focusing Strength. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

October 24, 2003

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

October 24, 2003

Calculation of On-Axis Undulator FieldCalculation of On-Axis Undulator Field Undulator PeriodUndulator Period Maximum Available Linac EnergyMaximum Available Linac Energy Undulator Gap SelectionUndulator Gap Selection New Break DistancesNew Break Distances Reduction in Focusing StrengthReduction in Focusing Strength

Calculation of On-Axis Undulator FieldCalculation of On-Axis Undulator Field Undulator PeriodUndulator Period Maximum Available Linac EnergyMaximum Available Linac Energy Undulator Gap SelectionUndulator Gap Selection New Break DistancesNew Break Distances Reduction in Focusing StrengthReduction in Focusing Strength

Page 2: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction

Original 6-mm gap height too small Original 6-mm gap height too small

Increase in gap can open spectral range to 1 ÅIncrease in gap can open spectral range to 1 Å

50% Power Reduction of at 1.5 Å50% Power Reduction of at 1.5 Å

Undulator field adjustment comb structureUndulator field adjustment comb structure

Power tapering after saturation replenishes powerPower tapering after saturation replenishes power

Original 6-mm gap height too small Original 6-mm gap height too small

Increase in gap can open spectral range to 1 ÅIncrease in gap can open spectral range to 1 Å

50% Power Reduction of at 1.5 Å50% Power Reduction of at 1.5 Å

Undulator field adjustment comb structureUndulator field adjustment comb structure

Power tapering after saturation replenishes powerPower tapering after saturation replenishes power

Page 3: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Workshop FocusWorkshop FocusWorkshop FocusWorkshop Focus

Undulator PeriodUndulator Period

Reduction of maximum available linac energyReduction of maximum available linac energy

Undulator gap \height increaseUndulator gap \height increase

Longer break distancesLonger break distances

Weaker FODO latticeWeaker FODO lattice

Undulator PeriodUndulator Period

Reduction of maximum available linac energyReduction of maximum available linac energy

Undulator gap \height increaseUndulator gap \height increase

Longer break distancesLonger break distances

Weaker FODO latticeWeaker FODO lattice

Page 4: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

PresentationsPresentationsPresentationsPresentations

Charge – M. ReichanadterCharge – M. Reichanadter

Undulator design requirements – S. MiltonUndulator design requirements – S. Milton

Description of new parameters – H.-D. NuhnDescription of new parameters – H.-D. Nuhn

Status of field adjustment comb – J. NoonanStatus of field adjustment comb – J. Noonan

FEL simulation work using new parameters FEL simulation work using new parameters GENESIS 1.3 – S. ReicheGENESIS 1.3 – S. Reiche

GINGER – W.M. FawleyGINGER – W.M. Fawley

RON – R. DejusRON – R. Dejus

BBA with new parameters – P. EmmaBBA with new parameters – P. Emma

Charge – M. ReichanadterCharge – M. Reichanadter

Undulator design requirements – S. MiltonUndulator design requirements – S. Milton

Description of new parameters – H.-D. NuhnDescription of new parameters – H.-D. Nuhn

Status of field adjustment comb – J. NoonanStatus of field adjustment comb – J. Noonan

FEL simulation work using new parameters FEL simulation work using new parameters GENESIS 1.3 – S. ReicheGENESIS 1.3 – S. Reiche

GINGER – W.M. FawleyGINGER – W.M. Fawley

RON – R. DejusRON – R. Dejus

BBA with new parameters – P. EmmaBBA with new parameters – P. Emma

Page 5: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Expected Workshop OutcomeExpected Workshop OutcomeExpected Workshop OutcomeExpected Workshop Outcome

Signed Document: Workshop SummarySigned Document: Workshop Summary

Target Date: Mid November 2003Target Date: Mid November 2003

PurposePurpose

Implement the new parametersImplement the new parameters

Document the changesDocument the changes

Signed Document: Workshop SummarySigned Document: Workshop Summary

Target Date: Mid November 2003Target Date: Mid November 2003

PurposePurpose

Implement the new parametersImplement the new parameters

Document the changesDocument the changes

Page 6: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Halbach formula for hybrid undulator is used to Halbach formula for hybrid undulator is used to estimate relation between gap/period and on-axis estimate relation between gap/period and on-axis fieldfield

Measured prototype field 5.3% larger than estimatedMeasured prototype field 5.3% larger than estimated

Halbach formula for hybrid undulator is used to Halbach formula for hybrid undulator is used to estimate relation between gap/period and on-axis estimate relation between gap/period and on-axis fieldfield

Measured prototype field 5.3% larger than estimatedMeasured prototype field 5.3% larger than estimated

Adjusting Estimate of On-Axis Undulator FieldAdjusting Estimate of On-Axis Undulator FieldAdjusting Estimate of On-Axis Undulator FieldAdjusting Estimate of On-Axis Undulator Field

2gap gap

b cperiod periodB a e

3.44 T

5.08

1.54

a

b

c

3 cm1.325 T

6.00 mm

periodB

gap

6.35

3 cm1.325 T

mm

periodB

gap

5.08

1.5

3.6

4

2 Ta

b

c

Page 7: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Undulator PeriodUndulator PeriodUndulator PeriodUndulator Period

Present undulator period length of 3 cm is near Present undulator period length of 3 cm is near optimum for shortest gain lengthoptimum for shortest gain length

Change of undulator period length would require more Change of undulator period length would require more man-power and time than available before next reviewman-power and time than available before next review

Undulator period length will be kept at Undulator period length will be kept at

uu = 3 cm = 3 cm

Present undulator period length of 3 cm is near Present undulator period length of 3 cm is near optimum for shortest gain lengthoptimum for shortest gain length

Change of undulator period length would require more Change of undulator period length would require more man-power and time than available before next reviewman-power and time than available before next review

Undulator period length will be kept at Undulator period length will be kept at

uu = 3 cm = 3 cm

Page 8: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Maximum Available Linac EnergyMaximum Available Linac EnergyMaximum Available Linac EnergyMaximum Available Linac Energy

14.35 GeV has been nominal energy to reach 1.5 Å14.35 GeV has been nominal energy to reach 1.5 Å

Loss of available linac energy due toLoss of available linac energy due to Removal of linac sectionRemoval of linac section

Off-crest accelerationOff-crest acceleration

New maximum energy set to 14.1 GeV to restore New maximum energy set to 14.1 GeV to restore operational overheadoperational overhead

Requires change in K valueRequires change in K value

14.35 GeV has been nominal energy to reach 1.5 Å14.35 GeV has been nominal energy to reach 1.5 Å

Loss of available linac energy due toLoss of available linac energy due to Removal of linac sectionRemoval of linac section

Off-crest accelerationOff-crest acceleration

New maximum energy set to 14.1 GeV to restore New maximum energy set to 14.1 GeV to restore operational overheadoperational overhead

Requires change in K valueRequires change in K value

Page 9: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Undulator Gap SelectionUndulator Gap SelectionUndulator Gap SelectionUndulator Gap Selection

Undulator gap height changes still possibleUndulator gap height changes still possible

Present gap height: 6 mmPresent gap height: 6 mm

Gap height corrected for measured field: 6.35 mmGap height corrected for measured field: 6.35 mm

Parameter correction for reduced maximum energyParameter correction for reduced maximum energy

Larger gap gives access to short wavelength 1.0 ÅLarger gap gives access to short wavelength 1.0 Å

Undulator gap height changes still possibleUndulator gap height changes still possible

Present gap height: 6 mmPresent gap height: 6 mm

Gap height corrected for measured field: 6.35 mmGap height corrected for measured field: 6.35 mm

Parameter correction for reduced maximum energyParameter correction for reduced maximum energy

Larger gap gives access to short wavelength 1.0 ÅLarger gap gives access to short wavelength 1.0 Å

max

6.5 mm

1.296 T

3.630

gap

B

K

14.06 GeV 1.5 Å

4.45 GeV 15.0 År

r

E

E

max

8.2 mm

1.013 T

2.838

gap

B

K

14.03 GeV 1.0 Å

11.46 GeV 1.5 Å

3.62 GeV 15.0 Å

r

r

r

E

E

E

New ParametersNew ParametersNew ParametersNew Parameters

Page 10: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

1.5 Å at Reduced Electron Beam Energy1.5 Å at Reduced Electron Beam Energy1.5 Å at Reduced Electron Beam Energy1.5 Å at Reduced Electron Beam Energy

With the 8.2 mm gap the 1.5 Å radiation is produced With the 8.2 mm gap the 1.5 Å radiation is produced at lower energy (14.35 GeV 11.46 GeV) and at lower energy (14.35 GeV 11.46 GeV) and smaller undulator parameter (3.711 2.838).smaller undulator parameter (3.711 2.838).

FEL output power reduced by 50 %.FEL output power reduced by 50 %.

Problem for experiments that need as large a Problem for experiments that need as large a number of photons a possible, such as imaging of number of photons a possible, such as imaging of bio-molecules.bio-molecules.

Solution: New Field Adjustment Comb allows Solution: New Field Adjustment Comb allows tapering the undulator after the saturation point.tapering the undulator after the saturation point.

Tapering by about 0.3 % over the last 30 m more Tapering by about 0.3 % over the last 30 m more than restores the lost energythan restores the lost energy

With the 8.2 mm gap the 1.5 Å radiation is produced With the 8.2 mm gap the 1.5 Å radiation is produced at lower energy (14.35 GeV 11.46 GeV) and at lower energy (14.35 GeV 11.46 GeV) and smaller undulator parameter (3.711 2.838).smaller undulator parameter (3.711 2.838).

FEL output power reduced by 50 %.FEL output power reduced by 50 %.

Problem for experiments that need as large a Problem for experiments that need as large a number of photons a possible, such as imaging of number of photons a possible, such as imaging of bio-molecules.bio-molecules.

Solution: New Field Adjustment Comb allows Solution: New Field Adjustment Comb allows tapering the undulator after the saturation point.tapering the undulator after the saturation point.

Tapering by about 0.3 % over the last 30 m more Tapering by about 0.3 % over the last 30 m more than restores the lost energythan restores the lost energy

Page 11: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

New Break LengthsNew Break LengthsNew Break LengthsNew Break Lengths

Separations between undulator modules (breaks) Separations between undulator modules (breaks) designed to produce slippage by integer number of optical designed to produce slippage by integer number of optical wavelength.wavelength.

Break increments for adding slippage of 1 optical Break increments for adding slippage of 1 optical wavelength is wavelength is LLBB==uu (1+K (1+K22/2). /2).

LLBB=23.7 cm (old); 15.1 cm (new)=23.7 cm (old); 15.1 cm (new)

Present design uses break pattern 1-1-2 which Present design uses break pattern 1-1-2 which corresponds to the lengths sequence corresponds to the lengths sequence 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm

18.7 cm gives not enough space for quads, BPMs, etc. 18.7 cm gives not enough space for quads, BPMs, etc. 42.1 cm gives not enough space for x-ray diagnostics42.1 cm gives not enough space for x-ray diagnostics

New break pattern 3-3-4 (or 3-3-5) corresponding to lengthNew break pattern 3-3-4 (or 3-3-5) corresponding to lengthsequence 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 55.7 cmsequence 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 55.7 cm (or 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 70.8 cm) (or 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 70.8 cm)

Separations between undulator modules (breaks) Separations between undulator modules (breaks) designed to produce slippage by integer number of optical designed to produce slippage by integer number of optical wavelength.wavelength.

Break increments for adding slippage of 1 optical Break increments for adding slippage of 1 optical wavelength is wavelength is LLBB==uu (1+K (1+K22/2). /2).

LLBB=23.7 cm (old); 15.1 cm (new)=23.7 cm (old); 15.1 cm (new)

Present design uses break pattern 1-1-2 which Present design uses break pattern 1-1-2 which corresponds to the lengths sequence corresponds to the lengths sequence 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm

18.7 cm gives not enough space for quads, BPMs, etc. 18.7 cm gives not enough space for quads, BPMs, etc. 42.1 cm gives not enough space for x-ray diagnostics42.1 cm gives not enough space for x-ray diagnostics

New break pattern 3-3-4 (or 3-3-5) corresponding to lengthNew break pattern 3-3-4 (or 3-3-5) corresponding to lengthsequence 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 55.7 cmsequence 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 55.7 cm (or 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 70.8 cm) (or 44.6 cm – 44.6 cm – 70.8 cm)

Page 12: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Special Initial Break LengthsSpecial Initial Break LengthsSpecial Initial Break LengthsSpecial Initial Break Lengths

Present design uses special values for the first three Present design uses special values for the first three break lengths: break lengths: 28.1 cm – 25.6 cm – 47. 3 cm 28.1 cm – 25.6 cm – 47. 3 cmcompared to the regular values of compared to the regular values of 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm

Introduced by Nikolay Vinokurov to improve the overall Introduced by Nikolay Vinokurov to improve the overall FEL gain.FEL gain.

Estimate for new special lengths isEstimate for new special lengths is 46.6 cm – 45.0 cm – 59.0 cm 46.6 cm – 45.0 cm – 59.0 cm (74.1 cm) (74.1 cm)

New numbers will be checked by simulationNew numbers will be checked by simulationwith RON and other codes.with RON and other codes.

Present design uses special values for the first three Present design uses special values for the first three break lengths: break lengths: 28.1 cm – 25.6 cm – 47. 3 cm 28.1 cm – 25.6 cm – 47. 3 cmcompared to the regular values of compared to the regular values of 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm 18.7 cm – 18.7 cm – 42.1 cm

Introduced by Nikolay Vinokurov to improve the overall Introduced by Nikolay Vinokurov to improve the overall FEL gain.FEL gain.

Estimate for new special lengths isEstimate for new special lengths is 46.6 cm – 45.0 cm – 59.0 cm 46.6 cm – 45.0 cm – 59.0 cm (74.1 cm) (74.1 cm)

New numbers will be checked by simulationNew numbers will be checked by simulationwith RON and other codes.with RON and other codes.

Page 13: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

UNDULATOR

3410 446

11599 mm

Horizontal Steering Coil

Vertical Steering Coil

Beam Position Monitor

557

X-Ray Diagnostics

Quadrupoles

Undulator Schematic (Regular Section)Undulator Schematic (Regular Section)Undulator Schematic (Regular Section)Undulator Schematic (Regular Section)

127184 mmTotal Length

(708)

(11750 mm)

(128845 mm)

Page 14: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

Reduction in Focusing StrengthReduction in Focusing StrengthReduction in Focusing StrengthReduction in Focusing Strength

Present focusing lattice uses 5-cm-long permanent Present focusing lattice uses 5-cm-long permanent quadrupoles with gradient of 106 T/m quadrupoles with gradient of 106 T/m (< (<> = 18 m at 14.35 GeV)> = 18 m at 14.35 GeV)

New undulator parameters require reduced gradient.New undulator parameters require reduced gradient.

Gradient reduced to 60 T/mGradient reduced to 60 T/m (< (<> = 30 m at 14.04 GeV)> = 30 m at 14.04 GeV)

Transverse quadrupole displacement used for steeringTransverse quadrupole displacement used for steering

Reduced gradients require larger quadrupole Reduced gradients require larger quadrupole displacement for same kick angle.displacement for same kick angle.

Beam Based Alignment procedure has been checkedBeam Based Alignment procedure has been checked

Present focusing lattice uses 5-cm-long permanent Present focusing lattice uses 5-cm-long permanent quadrupoles with gradient of 106 T/m quadrupoles with gradient of 106 T/m (< (<> = 18 m at 14.35 GeV)> = 18 m at 14.35 GeV)

New undulator parameters require reduced gradient.New undulator parameters require reduced gradient.

Gradient reduced to 60 T/mGradient reduced to 60 T/m (< (<> = 30 m at 14.04 GeV)> = 30 m at 14.04 GeV)

Transverse quadrupole displacement used for steeringTransverse quadrupole displacement used for steering

Reduced gradients require larger quadrupole Reduced gradients require larger quadrupole displacement for same kick angle.displacement for same kick angle.

Beam Based Alignment procedure has been checkedBeam Based Alignment procedure has been checked

Page 15: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

FODO Lattice Energy LimitationsFODO Lattice Energy Limitations

1.5 Å1.5 Å15 Å15 Å

15 Å15 Å 1.5 Å1.5 Å 1 Å1 Å

Page 16: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (Old)LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (Old)

LCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 1.5 Å1.5 ÅLCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 1.5 Å1.5 ÅLCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 15 Å15 ÅLCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 15 Å15 Å

Page 17: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (New)LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (New)

LCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 1.5 Å1.5 ÅLCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 1.5 Å1.5 Å

Operating PointOperating Point Operating PointOperating Point

Page 18: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (New)LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (New)

LCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 15 Å15 ÅLCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 15 Å15 Å

Operating PointOperating Point

Operating PointOperating PointOperating PointOperating Point

Page 19: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (New)LCLS Operating Points for 1 nC Bunch Charge (New)

LCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 1.0 Å1.0 ÅLCLS Operating Point at LCLS Operating Point at 1.0 Å1.0 Å

Operating PointOperating Point Operating PointOperating Point

Page 20: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

OLD NEWUndulator Type planar hybrid planar hybridMagnet Material NdFeB NdFeBWiggle Plane horizontal horizontalGap 6 8.2

mmPeriod Length 3.0 3.0

cmPeak On-Axis Field 1.325 1.014 TK 3.71 2.84

Module Length 3.41 3.41 mNumber of Modules 33 33Initial Break Lengths 0.281,0.256,0.473 0.466,0.450,0.590 mRegular Break Lengths 0.187-0.421 0.406-0.557 mUndulator Magnet Length 112.5 112.5 mUndulator Device Length (incl. Breaks) 121.1 127.2 mUndulator Filling Factor 93 88 %

OLD NEWUndulator Type planar hybrid planar hybridMagnet Material NdFeB NdFeBWiggle Plane horizontal horizontalGap 6 8.2

mmPeriod Length 3.0 3.0

cmPeak On-Axis Field 1.325 1.014 TK 3.71 2.84

Module Length 3.41 3.41 mNumber of Modules 33 33Initial Break Lengths 0.281,0.256,0.473 0.466,0.450,0.590 mRegular Break Lengths 0.187-0.421 0.406-0.557 mUndulator Magnet Length 112.5 112.5 mUndulator Device Length (incl. Breaks) 121.1 127.2 mUndulator Filling Factor 93 88 %

Summary of Nominal Undulator Design ChangesSummary of Nominal Undulator Design Changes

Page 21: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

OLD NEW

Lattice Type FODO FODOMagnet Type permanent permanentNominal Magnet Length 5 5 cmQF Gradient 107 61 T/mQD Gradient -106 -60 T/mAverage Function at 1.5 Å 18.0 24.5 mLowest Usable Energy 3.17 1.84 GeV

OLD NEW

Lattice Type FODO FODOMagnet Type permanent permanentNominal Magnet Length 5 5 cmQF Gradient 107 61 T/mQD Gradient -106 -60 T/mAverage Function at 1.5 Å 18.0 24.5 mLowest Usable Energy 3.17 1.84 GeV

Summary of Nominal Focusing Lattice ChangesSummary of Nominal Focusing Lattice Changes

Page 22: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

At 1.0 Å OLD NEW

Electron Beam Energy - 14.04 GeV - 27483<> - 30

mRms beam radius - 36 m

At 1.0 Å OLD NEW

Electron Beam Energy - 14.04 GeV - 27483<> - 30

mRms beam radius - 36 m

Summary of Electron Beam ParametersSummary of Electron Beam Parameters

At 15 Å OLD NEW

Electron Beam Energy 4.45 3.64 GeV 8880 7096<> 7.3 8.9

mRms beam radius 35 39 m

At 15 Å OLD NEW

Electron Beam Energy 4.45 3.64 GeV 8880 7096<> 7.3 8.9

mRms beam radius 35 39 m

At 1.5 Å OLD NEW

Electron Beam Energy 14.35 11.47 GeV 28082 22439<> 18.0 24.4

mRms beam radius 28 36 m

At 1.5 Å OLD NEW

Electron Beam Energy 14.35 11.47 GeV 28082 22439<> 18.0 24.4

mRms beam radius 28 36 m

Page 23: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

ConclusionsConclusions

New values have been proposed forNew values have been proposed forundulator gap, undulator gap, maximum electron beam energy, maximum electron beam energy, break length pattern, and break length pattern, and quadrupole gradientsquadrupole gradients

Benefits areBenefits aremore room for vacuum chambermore room for vacuum chambermore space for diagnostics components between undulator modulesmore space for diagnostics components between undulator modulesincrease of accessible wavelength rangeincrease of accessible wavelength range

Reduction in photon number can be more than compensated by tapering Reduction in photon number can be more than compensated by tapering using the new Field Adjuster Comb.using the new Field Adjuster Comb.

New values have been proposed forNew values have been proposed forundulator gap, undulator gap, maximum electron beam energy, maximum electron beam energy, break length pattern, and break length pattern, and quadrupole gradientsquadrupole gradients

Benefits areBenefits aremore room for vacuum chambermore room for vacuum chambermore space for diagnostics components between undulator modulesmore space for diagnostics components between undulator modulesincrease of accessible wavelength rangeincrease of accessible wavelength range

Reduction in photon number can be more than compensated by tapering Reduction in photon number can be more than compensated by tapering using the new Field Adjuster Comb.using the new Field Adjuster Comb.

Page 24: Overview of Proposed Parameter Changes Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL October 24, 2003

Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, Undulator Parameter Workshop, May 21-23, 20032003

Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRLHeinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / SSRL

Overview of Proposed Parameter ChangesOverview of Proposed Parameter Changes [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator Center

End of Presentation