OVERVIEW OF IWMI-CA ACTIVITIES

AND

CHALLENGES OF WATER RESOURCES

MANAGEMENT IN TRANSBOUNDARY AMU DARYA

RIVER BASIN

Zafar Gafurov, Oyture Anarbekov and Umida Solieva

IWMI-Central Asia Office

June 02, Laxenburg, Austria

INTERNATIONAL WATER MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE

IWMI is a non-profit, scientific research organization with focus on the sustainable use of water and land resources in developing countries

IWMI established in 1985 with HQ in Sri Lanka More than 150 researchers in 12 Offices IWMI works in partnership with governments, civil

society and the private sector to develop scalable agricultural water management solutions that have a real impact on livelihoods, food security and ecosystem

IWMI’S ACTIVITIES IN CENTRAL ASIA

IWMI started its activities in Central Asia in 2001 with main focus of research on:

Introduction of IWRM principles and Basin Planning

Establishing water management institutions

Identifying best practices for water savings

Improving irrigation performance

Land Degradation and Salinity Management

GIS/Remote sensing and climate change

Member of Regional Program for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Central Asia and Caucasus led by ICARDA

Implemented Programs/Projects in Uzbekistan: SDC: IWRM-FV (2001-2012) SDC: WPI-PL (2008-2012) ADB: Bright Spots and others CRP Water, Land & Ecosystems GIZ/BMZ: Improving irrigation efficiency in Potato fields IWMI hosts GWP-CACENA Partnership with European Universities (Humboldt

University Berlin, CDE/University of Bern/IMoMo and other active networks/initiatives

CURRENT ACTIVE PROJECTS

EU Programme “Sustainable mgt of water resources in rural areas of Uzbekistan”

PEER Cycle 4 project “Mitigating the competition for water in Amudarya River basin by improving water use efficiency”PEER Cycle 5 project “Implications of climate change, land use and adaptation interventions on water resources and agricultural production in Transboundary Amu Darya river basin“PEER Cycle 6 project “Reducing water pollution and carbon emissions fromirrigated areas by improving irrigation management

GIZ Transboundary Water Programme: QGIS Trainings and Generation of Diagnostic Digital Atlas in GIZ Interventions on Murgab Basin Analysis and Planning

IMoMo Outscaling Project: improvement WCA financial performance by introduction innovative tools/technologies of water accounting

GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT BODIES IN

DIFFERENT LEVELS OF WATER HIERARCHY IN CA

Management Authority Water Hierarchy Levels Governance Authority

Management of Main CanalsSystem Water Canal Committee

or Federation of WUAs

WUA Directorate WUA (WCA) WUA Council

Тerritorial Management Unit of BWO

MINISTRY

Sub-Basin System Water Management

TSR Basin Level

National

Sub-basin

Basin Water Committee

National Water Council

Sub-basin Water Committee

Water Users

BWO(Syrdarya, Amudarya)

RegionalICWC

EC IFAS IFAS BoardAral Sea Basin

Po

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y L

eve

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ns

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tre

ng

the

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g;

Te

ch

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Ca

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uil

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Pu

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“From 1960 to 2008, the basin population

more than doubled to an estimated figure of

almost 60 million today. Increased

population and increased irrigated land, as

well as deteriorating water infrastructures,

have led to what is known worldwide as ‘the

Aral Sea catastrophe’”“This includes health problems,

high rates of child mortality,

desiccation of the Aral Sea,

biodiversity degradation, salt-dust

transport from the dry bed of the

Sea, and a loss of pastures,

fisheries and wetlands”

Source: Executive Committee, International Fund for saving the Aral Sea, 2010

IRRIGATED AREAS IN ARAL SEA BASIN

7

ARAL SEA SURFACE WATER CHANGE DYNAMICS

SALT MOVEMENT FROM ARAL SEA - May 27.2018

AMUDARYA AND INDUS TRANSBOUNDARY RIVER BASINS

The transboundary Indus basin, with an area size of 1.1 million sq.km, is spread across Afghanistan, China, India and Pakistan

The Transboundary Amu Darya river basin is a major river in Central Asia which is shared by Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan with a basin area of little more than 1 mln km2

26.3 mln ha is irrigated

Population 300 mln

3.8 – 4 mln ha is irrigated

Population 50 mln

SMALL TRANSBOUNDARY TRIBUTARIES (STT’s)

AND EXISTING CHALLENGES

Afghanistan

STT’s SHARED WITH DIFFERENT COUNTRIES

Surface water resources Countries1 Pyanje Tajikistan, Afghanistan2 Kizil Su Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan3 Zerafshan Tajikistan, Uzbekistan4 Surhandarya Tajikistan, Uzbekistan5 Karatag Tajikistan, Uzbekistan6 Tupalang Tajikistan, Uzbekistan7 Kofirnigan Tajikistan, Uzbekistan8 Murgab Turkmenistan, Afghanistan9 Tedjen Turkmenistan, Iran and Afghanistan10 Karshi main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan11 Amu-Bukhara main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan12 Tashsaka main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan13 Klichbay main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan14 Kipchakbozsu main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan15 Vakhsh aquifer Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan

www.iwmi.org

Water for a food-secure world

Lift Irrigation in Karshi steppe

Karshi Main Canal

Pumps

• Pumping distance is about 80 km• Pumping altitude is about 153 m• Irrigated area is about 335,000 ha• Study area is a home for 1,5 mln

people

WATER –ENERGY-FOOD NEXUS ASSESSMENT ALONG

USAID - PEER 4 PROJECT

DECISION SUPPORT DATABASE DEVELOPED

Zones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

1 42,9 45,0 97,9 158,2 233,7 241,8 273,8 225,4 174,9 108,2 59,2 29,9

2 40,2 41,2 89,2 149,4 223,8 234,9 264,5 221,5 169,8 104,0 55,2 28,3

3 36,2 36,3 76,1 132,3 208,6 224,9 250,7 214,5 162,8 98,4 48,2 26,2

4 34,9 35,1 72,2 125,0 203,9 221,2 245,2 211,3 160,9 97,2 45,8 25,8

5 34,7 35,0 71,7 123,1 202,9 219,9 243,6 210,2 160,8 97,2 45,4 25,8

6 34,3 35,1 71,0 121,4 202,2 219,1 242,9 210,1 161,3 97,7 45,1 25,8

7 34,0 35,5 70,9 118,1 201,5 217,1 240,8 208,7 161,8 98,2 44,9 25,9

8 33,0 34,9 69,4 113,2 197,8 212,3 235,7 204,6 160,2 97,0 43,8 25,2

9 31,3 33,4 66,2 106,4 191,3 205,3 228,5 198,8 157,1 94,5 41,9 23,8

10 30,2 32,3 64,3 103,1 186,9 201,6 224,7 195,7 154,9 92,8 40,8 22,9

11 29,2 31,1 62,5 100,8 182,0 198,9 222,0 193,2 152,6 91,0 39,8 22,2

12 29,1 30,8 61,8 99,9 180,0 198,8 221,7 192,5 151,8 90,5 39,3 22,0

REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

MAP FOR KASHKADARYA

HYDROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF

AMUDARYA RIVE BASIN ALONG

USAID – PEER 5 PROJECT

Amu Darya is the largest river in Central Asia with acatchment area of 534,739 km2 and length of 2,400 km.It is a transboundary river shared by Afghanistan,Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

Google Earth Engine + ArcGIS

AUTOMATED INSTRUMENT DEVELOPED COMBINING

GOOGLE ENGINE AND ARCGIS

VEGETATION CHANGE ASSESSMENT

USING AUTOMATED TOOL

BASIN MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING ALONG EU –

GIZ PROJECT

Partnership in Implementation:EU: GIZ, CREA and UBAPilot Regions: 6 BISAs 2 River BasinsWCAs: 3 WCAs in 3 Provinces6 Demonstration sites

ASSESSMENT OF FLOOD AND DROUGHTS,

EXAMPLE FROM AKHANGARAN RIVER

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

SUB BASINS

Порядковый номер

Number ofwatersheds

1st 7487

2nd 1534

3d 320

4th 70

5th 20

6th 4

7th 1

using an initial

catchment area of

about 13 ha

The goal: to implement an automated workflow for flash flood potential mapping based on the terrain characteristics

FLOOD PRONE ZONES

DE MARTONNE ARIDITY INDEX

RESEARCH CAPACITY BUILDING

In accordance with the available budget, capacity building activities will be conducted in Uzbekistan.

Special training seminars related to GIS/RS application for land and water resource management and crop

classification, as well as Evapotranspiration calculations for small and big scale water management, will be

conducted for students of the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration (TIIM) and Uzhydromet the

Centre of Hydrometeorological Service in Uzbekistan.

MSc degree and PhD students of TIIM and Uzhydromet will have great chance to conduct their field

studies and practical internships throughout the project implementation period. Seminars will be

organized for disseminating project achievements and developed tools along with future water

management adaptation strategies in the condition of changing climate.

CHALLENGES

POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

Linkages between Indus and Amudarya river basin platforms

Learning agreements

Enhance scientific research activities and cooperation

Improve data availability and visibility

Research gap analysis

IWMI PUBLICATIONS

• http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/resources/apps/

THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR

ATTENTION!

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