Overview about different ways of wind farm performance ...ewh.ieee.org/r10/queensland/v2/lib/exe/fetch.php/chapters:pes:2011... · Title: Microsoft PowerPoint - 2011-11-21, Performance

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Brisbane, November 21st 2011Markus Fischer, ENERCON Canada Inc.

Overview about different ways of wind farm performance validation

© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 2

Agenda

Introduction

About ENERCONKey FactsElectrical WEC design

Performance validation in Germany

Performance validation in Québec

Conclusion

2


Agenda

Introduction




Conclusion

© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.

Introduction

What is wind farm performance validation

On site testing of e.g.Steady state reactive power capability Dynamic voltage control performanceFault Ride Through behaviorActive power ramp ratesPower Quality

Provide proof to utility that most relevant grid connection conditions are met

Validation of computer models

Different requirements in different markets

4

What is wind farm performance validation and why is it required?

MV

MV

MVLV PoC

HVLV

LV

3


Introduction

What makes wind farm performance testing

Time consuming process preparationexecution reporting

No wind, no test

Influence of wind farm output on the grid during e.g. reactive power capability test

Fault Ride ThroughDifficult to test on wind turbine levelImpossible to test on wind farm level

Commercial consequences prior to completion of tests?

What makes wind farm performance testing so difficult?


Agenda

Introduction




Conclusion

4


About ENERCON, Key Facts

7

Key Facts

Founded in 1984 in GermanyStill privately ownedVertically integratedMore than 17,400 WECs (~22 GW) installed27 Manufacturing facilities worldwideMore than 190 service stations


Brazil (Sao Paulo/Fortaleza)

Sweden (Malmö) Germany (Aurich / Magdeburg)

Canada (Quebec)

Portugal (Vianado Castelo)

Turkey (Istanbul)


Acitve markets

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5



Queensland12MW

South Australia70MW

Western Australia~50MW

ENERCON in Australia

88 WECs installed~130MW


330 kW 900 kW 800 kW 800 kW

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6


2300 kW 3000 kW 7500 kW2000 kW2300 kW3000 kW


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GENERATION

Controls

Generator Rectifier Excitation

Yaw Drives

Pitch Drives

About ENERCON, Electrical WEC design

12

7


UPS (optional)

Control cabinet

Transformer

LV Switchgear

CONVERSION

Inverters

MV Switchgear


13


14

Circuit BreakerInverterDC-Link

=≈

RectifierUnit

Transformer

Excitation

RG

Ring Generator

UPS Chopper

ControlSystem

Filter

≈=

≈=

==

Electrical design characteristics

No gear boxRing generator is completely decoupled from the grid by full scale power converter


14

8


15

=≈RG

ControlSystem

≈=

≈=

==

Circuit BreakerInverterDC-LinkRectifier

UnitTransformer

Excitation

Ring Generator

UPS Chopper

Filter

Electrical design characteristics

No gear boxRing generator is completely decoupled from the grid by full scale power converterPerformance on the grid mainly determined by inverter (current source)


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Agenda

Introduction




Conclusion

9


System Service Act bonus payment

System Service Act with new grid connection requirements published in 2009

New WECs: additional 0,5ct/kWh for the first five years if requirements are met

Existing WECs: additional 0,7ct/kWh for five years if requirements are met

Compliance has to be proofed by unit certificate and plant certificate

System Service Act (SSA)is published

01.01.2009

Requirements of theSSA have to be met by new WECs

30.06.2010 30.06.2011

Additional requirements of the SSA for supporting the grid dynamically have to be met

No SSA Bonus anymore

01.01.2014



FGW TR 8Basis are requirements of SDLWindVIEC 61400-21 Ed. 2 & FGW TR 3

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Active power control

Reactive power capability

Power Quality

Voltage & Frequency operating range

Validation by independent

and accreditedcertification institute



Unit Certificate

FGW TR 4

Unit CertificateUnit Certificate

Under Voltage Ride Through





Computer Model


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Active power control



Power-frequency control

Activ

e po

wer

[MW

]Fr

eque

ncy

[Hz]

20


11



Steady state reactive power capability

Reactive power [% of rated active power]

Act

ive

pow

er [%

of r

ated

act

ive

pow

er]


MV / HV transformer


ENERCON owns two UVRT test containers

Real faults are applied at real WEC

Measurement at LV terminals and MV side

Used for validation of dynamic models

Measurement at terminals

Unittransformer

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12


Pos.

seq

u.

volta

ge [p

.u.]

Line

-to-g

roun

d vo

ltage

s [p

.u.]

Act

ive

and

reac

tive

curr

ent [

p.u.

]

Time [s]






Pos.

seq

u.

volta

ge [p

.u.]

Line

-to-g

roun

d vo

ltage

s [p

.u.]

Activ

e an

d re

activ

e cu

rren

t [p.

u.]

Time [s]

13


FGW TR 8Basis are requirements of SDLWindV

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Plant Certificate

Unit Certificate and validated computer model

Grid data

Technical WEC and WF data Plant certificatePlant certificate







Work flow plant certificate


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Agenda

Introduction




Conclusion



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15


Hydro-Québec validation test program

Available on Hydro Québec’s (HQ) websiteProvide proof that grid code requirements are metGeneral test Modules described

Dynamic voltage regulationUndervoltage responseInertial responseSteady state reactive power capabilityActive power ramp ratesPower Quality



Agreement from HQ for commercial operation of WF

Agreement from HQ for commercial operation of WF

Tests on individual WEC

WF not completedWF not completed

WF completedWF completed

Tests on entire WF

WF in operationWF in operation

Online Monitoring

Final acceptance from HQFinal acceptance from HQ


Hydro-Québec validation process

Tests on individual WECPrimary voltage regulationUndervoltage responseInertial response

Tests on entire WFSecondary voltage regulationPower factorActive power ramp rates

Online monitoringPower qualityAny other operational issue

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Module B – Undervoltage response

UVRT tests on single WEC

On site tests costly and time consuming

Tests done by HQ in November 2010 at test site in Germany

Confirmation for acceptance of performance from HQ

Tests have not to be performed for each project



Module C – Inertial response

ENERCON Inertia Emulation tests on single WECTests done by HQTE in June 2011 at test site in GermanyConfirmation for acceptance of performance from HQTETests have not to be performed for each project

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Modules to be performed for each wind farm

Module D - Secondary Voltage RegulationModule E - Power FactorModule F - Maximum Ramp RatesModule G - Power Quality (Online monitoring)

Good example for reasonable mix of on-site testing and acceptance of type tests

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Agenda

Introduction




Conclusion

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Conclusion

Conclusion

Wind farm performance validation is important part of multi MW projectsGood communication between connection proponent, power system operator and WEC manufacturer key to smooth processChallenges have to be understood by power system operatorsAcceptance of certificates and type tests simplifies things

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Thank you

Documents

Overview about different ways of wind farm performance ...ewh.ieee.org/r10/queensland/v2/lib/exe/fetch.php/chapters:pes:2011... · Title: Microsoft PowerPoint - 2011-11-21, Performance