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8/12/2019 Out of Sight Hoffman 2013 Wednesday
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Out of Sigh t,
Out o f Mind?
How to Evaluate
USTsFiberglass Tank Inspection Methods:
Deflection Testing &
Remote Visual Inspections
24thNational Tanks
Conference
Denver, CO 2014
8/12/2019 Out of Sight Hoffman 2013 Wednesday
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Things to Ponder
How long should a tank last?
Until the warranty expires?
30 years?
Longer?
Until it leaks?
Why do some tanks fail and others seem unaffected?
How should you decide when to repair or replace a tank?
Can tanks be repaired or replaced before they leak? Is Compl iancegood enough?
What about a Risk Management program?
?
?
?
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UST Compliance (& Main tenance)
Leak Detection ATG, SIR, Secondary Containment
Fill/Overspill Protection
Corrosion Protection EPA regulations & upcoming revisions
PEI RP-900 and RP-1200
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Risk Management of USTs
Evaluate risk factors for specific installations Site risk factors
Tank risk factors
Steel USTs
Fiberglass USTs
Establish risk management practices
Frequency/Type of leak detection
Frequency/Type of inspections & maintenance Removal/Replacement/Upgrading schedules
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Site Risk Facto rs
Sensitive Receptor Survey Quality of Installation
Construction activities at site
Removal or installation of other tanks Settling or degradation of tank slab
Fluctuating groundwater conditions
Change in product storage
Flood, earthquake, or other excessive loading
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Risk Assessment - Steel USTs
Make/Model/Age of tanks
Obtain specific information
Field inspection if necessary
Type of Corrosion Protection
(I.C./Sacrificial/Coating/Jacket) Soil Corrosivity Index
Maintenance/testing records for C.P. systems
Tank Maintenance (STI R-111) Leak Detection History
History of problems with similar systems
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Risk Assessment - Fiberglass USTs
Make/Model/Age of tanks
Obtain specific information
Field inspection if necessary
Installation Checklist Warranty (UL Listing)
Product Compatibility
Leak Detection History History of problems with similar systems
Inspections of older or At-Risk tanks
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Flor ida Tank Upgrade Program
Observations during upgrading of older tanks
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ASTSWMO Biofuels Compat ib i l i ty Repo rt
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Fiberglass Tank Inspect ion Methods
Deflection Measurements Diameter Measurement
Bottom Flatness Testing
Internal Measurements
Visual Inspection
Remote Visual Inspection
Internal Manned Entry
Other Methods? Fuel Sampling/Analysis
Hardness Testing
Filter Inspection
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Case Study Deflect ion Test ing
Large Tank Owner in Midwest U.S. in late 1990s
After wide-spread use of ethanol blends (E-10)
Inspected several hundred early generation FRP tanks
Measured deflection and bottom flatness
Insufficient original data to analyze deflection results 33% of tanks had minor bottom flatness (
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Video Inspect ion A labama
Follow-up to failed tests
9161105
Cracks & Blistering
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Video Inspect ion - A rizona
3400099
Blistering & Delamination on half of tank
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Video Inspect ion - Hawaii
146051
Crack & Light Blisters/Degradation
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Video Inspect ion Hawaii
Tank failed ATG testsout of service
Blistering & Exposed Fibers
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Video Inspect ion - Iowa
Crack & Bottom Flatness & Deflection
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Video Inspect ion Louis iana
Fibers clogging filters
5175611
Filter Clogging with Fiberglass Fibers
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Video Inspect ion New Mexico
At-Risk group of tanks (over 25 years old)
3410721
Blistering & Crack on Premium but not Diesel
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Video Inspect ion Ohio
Investigation of water ingress
6146560
Water Ingress & Star Cracks
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Video Inspect ion Texas
Failed ATG Tests
5170737
Crack & Bottom Flatness & Deflection
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Summary o f Tanknology Video Inspect ions
Mostly older fiberglass tanks (20+ years) Widespread geographic representation
Higher number in warmer parts of country
Most inspections done on tanks with known orsuspected problems
Sample size small in relationship to tank population
Most tanks store ethanol blended products
Data is proprietary to tank owner
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Types o f Fiberglass Tank Observat ion s
Deflection and/or flattening of tank bottom
Degradation of gel coat and tank interior (blistering,
delamination, crazing, exposed fibers)
Filter clogging due to fiberglass debris drawn into STP
Crack formationoften along rib lines
Leaks of product into rib space
Product or water in normally dry interstice
Crack through wall allowing ingress of groundwater Crack through wall allowing leak of product
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Possib le causes of f iberg lass tank problems
Product compatibility issues?
Tank materials may have been selected for different product
Formulations have changed over the years (MTBE, Ethanol)
Concentrations of additives may vary due to splash blending
Age of tanks? (Most over 25 years old)
Local weather? (Seems common in warm regions)
Physical stresses on tanks?
Poor installation
Backfill Water table
Construction activity
Traffic conditions
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Ind icat ions o f Poss ible Tank Issues
Filter Clogging Complaints of slow flow
Examine for presence of fiberglass residue/debris
Failed or erratic leak detection results
ATG or SIR test results
Perhaps intermittent
Water ingress into primary tank
Water or product into interstitial space
Product identified in wells
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Resources EPA Biofuels Compendium
http://www.epa.gov/oust/altfuels/bfcompend.htm
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CA SWRCB Ethanol Advisory
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Fiberg lass Tank & Pipe Ins t i tute
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NEIWPCC
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PEI A lternat ive Fuels Compatibi l i ty Gu ide
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API
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Fol low-Up
Brad Hoffman
www.tanknology.com
Bhoffman AT Tanknology.com
http://www.tanknology.com/http://www.tanknology.com/