Industrial waste Recycling/Utilization

What does recycling/re-using mean?

• Recycling and Re-use is the process of removing a substance from a waste and returning it to productive use.

• Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" waste hierarchy.

Why do we need to recycle/re-use?

Reduces the need to dispose waste (in traditional manner)

Less pollution by waste (air and water)

Prevents spreading of diseases

Reduction in the release of harmful chemicals and GHGs

Why do we need to recycle/re-use?

Reduces the need to dispose waste (in traditional manner)

Reduction of the usage of fresh raw materials

Reduction of energy usage and power consumption during recycling

Saves space required for landfill disposal

Reduces financial expenditure

Preserves natural resources (for future generations)

Ways to recycle industrial waste

Places to

recycle

• Output of a company used as input of another

• At the facility

• Specialized commercial facility

What type of Industrial wastes can be recycled?

• Recycling can be undertaken on various objects like paper, textiles, plastic, metal, glass and electronics.

• Industries that produce metals also produce scrap metal and slag (a byproduct of smelting ore).

• Mining processes leave behind rocks of no value called tailings.

• Nuclear plants create radioactive waste, and manufacturing plants generate too many types of chemical waste to count.

• Hazardous/ Non-hazardous, organic/inorganic, solid/liquid/gaseous wastes

• Materials to be recycled are either brought to a collection center or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into new materials bound for manufacturing.

Paper recycling1. Sorting papers2. Collecting and transporting

3. Storage at the millPaper recycling

5. Cleaning

4. Re-pulping and screening

7. Refining, Bleaching and Color Stripping

6. Deinking

Paper recycling

to remove printing ink and “stickies” (sticky materials like glue residue and adhesives)

8. PapermakingPaper recycling

Plastic recycling• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yo31H7Nz5Bk

Glass recycling

Applications for recycled glass1. Aggregate materials• Recycled glass is used to make "glassphalt"• Reflective paint on highways

http://planetgreen.discovery.com/videos/g-word-shorts-glass-transformation.html#mkcpgn=snag1

2. Abrasive materials• Recycled glass can compete with materials like

Al, oxide, nickel slag, silica sand, and so can be used for surface preparation of manufacturing equipment parts, tanks, bridges and commercial ships.

3. Landscaping• Manufacturers combine recycled glass with

crushed porcelain embedded in concrete slab to create decorative pathways and patios

Glass recycling

Scrap metal recycling

http://planetgreen.discovery.com/videos/g-word-shorts-scrap-metal-recycling.html

E-Waste recycling• Electronic waste" may be defined

as discarded computers, office electronic equipment, entertainment device electronics, mobile phones, television sets and refrigerators.

Audiovisual components, televisions, VCRs, stereo equipment, mobile phones, other handheld devices, and computer components contain valuable elements and substances suitable for reclamation, including lead, copper, and gold.

Component Destination Plastics and metals Shredders and recyclersCathode Ray Tube (CRT) glass - hazardous materials

Sent to special centers to be processed to specification before being used in the manufacture of new CRT monitors and televisions.

Mercury - Highly toxic Remove mercury containing devices such as tubes and lamps and forward these to an EPA approved mercury recycling plant.

Wood sent to recycling companies for shredding OR mixed with other waste materials as an alternative fuel source.

E-Waste recycling

Printed Circuit Boards Sent to special companies and processed in smelters to recover non renewable resources such as copper, gold, silver, palladium and other precious metals.

Hard Drives Processed into aluminium ingots to be used in automotive industry

Nickel Cadmium, Nickel Metal Hydride & Lithium Ion batteries

Material is hulled to remove excess plastic, and then the metals placed in special smelter pots to recover cobalt, cadmium, nickel and steel for reuse in battery production OR stainless steel fabrication.

CD ROMs, Sound & Memory cards

shredded before being sent to plastic and metal recyclers.

Limitations of Recycling waste

• Often difficult or too expensive - so "recycling" of many products or materials involves their reuse in producing different materials instead (e.g., paperboard)

• Intrinsic salvage value – complex products (e.g., lead from car batteries, or gold from computer components)

• hazardous nature (e.g., removal and reuse of mercury from various items)

• Costs and energy used in collection and transportation

• Jobs produced by the recycling industry – lost to logging, mining, and other industries associated with new/fresh production

• Some materials – like paper pulp can only be recycled a few times

Limitations of Recycling waste