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Our Anglo Saxon Day
Year 4
26th of January 2015
Our Anglo Saxon Day
• Edith and Alefroth visited our school to tell us about the Anglo Saxons and how they lived
• The following slides prepared by the children detail some of the facts we learnt.
• We also had the opportunity to make flour and bracelets and do other activities
Where did the Anglo Saxons come from?
• Mainly from Jutland comprising North Germany, Denmark and Northern Holland.
• Most were Angles, Saxons and Jutes.
• The Saxons were German and Dutch.
• The Angles were Southern Danish.
• The Jutes were Northern Danish.
Where did the Anglo Saxons come from?
• The Angles settled mainly in Northumberland and Mercia.
• The Saxons settled mainly in East Anglia.
• The Jutes settled mainly in Wessex.
Why did the Anglo Saxons come to our
country?
• The Anglo Saxons were good farmers.
• They were running out of land in Jutland.
• The Romans built forts to keep them away.
• When the Romans left we where vulnerable.
• The Anglo Saxons moved in and filled the gap left by the Romans.
Why did the Anglo Saxons come to our
country?
• The Angles,Saxons and Jutes had their own leaders in this country.
• If there was a strong leader he would become Bretwalda and rule over all of them.
• Redwald, who was buried at Sutton Hoo, was a Bretwalda.
What did the Anglo Saxon women wear?
• They slept in a simple shift, a type of rough undergarment.
• They wore woolen or linen dresses.
• Only the very rich wore silk.
• They sometimes wore a second over dress .
What did the Anglo Saxon women wear?
• The over dress was just a tube held together by brooches on the shoulder
• The over dress design was copied from the Romans
• They generally had their hair in plaits and did not wear any head dress unless they were going outside
What did the Anglo Saxon women wear?
• They wore a belt and carried a seax like the men
• The seax was carried horizontally
• They hung their the house keys from their belt
• They also hung beads from their belts for protection
• Some wore a snake bead around their neck to ward off evil
What did the Anglo-Saxon Men wear?
• The men wore a type
of trouser to cover
their legs.
• They sometimes had
winninglas, a type
of bandage wrapped
around their legs.
• The winninglas kept
them warm and
protected them from
brambles, mice and
rats etc.
• When working
outside they wore
cloaks and hoods.
• The men wore
Phyrigain hats.
• The cloaks were
fastened at the
front by decorated
clips
What did the Anglo-Saxon Men wear?
What did the Anglo-Saxon Men wear?
• They also wore a
tunic and belt.
• A knife, known as a
seax, was hung from
the belt.
• Lots of people were
dressed up in Anglo
-Saxon clothes to
show us how the
Anglo-Saxons would
look!!!
How did the Anglo Saxons hunt?
• The Anglo Saxons
would hunt in the
surrounding forests.
• They would hunt
mostly for wild boar
and deer
• There were not many
bows so they tended
to use spears.
How did the Anglo Saxons hunt?
• They had to approach their prey silently or it would be frightened away.
• Only when they were close could the spear be thrown
• They also fished in the rivers and in the sea
What did the Anglo Saxons eat?
• The Anglo Saxons were able to make fires using flint and steel.
• Fires and clay ovens were used for cooking.
• Bread was made daily using ground flour.
• Eggs were available.
• Cheese was usually made from goats milk but occasionally cows milk and even sheep’s milk.
• Cheese could be smoked.
What did the Anglo Saxons eat?
• Porridge, made from oats and goats milk was often eaten.
• Root vegetables, leeks, parsnips, skirrots [carrots] and turnips were grown and eaten.
• Oysters were brought from the coast in buckets and eaten fresh.
• River fish were caught, gutted, salted, sometimes smoked and then dried to preserve them.
• Sea fish were caught and treated in a similar way.
What did the Anglo Saxons eat?
• The preserved fish could be eaten all year.
• Preserved fish is soaked in warm water before eating
• Eels were also caught locally and eaten
• Apples were preserved by packing in straw and available all year
• Hazel nuts and Cobnuts were collected and stored
• Acorns were collected and fed to the pigs
What did the Anglo Saxons drink?
• Everyone drank ale because
the water was too dirty to
drink in the lowlands.
• The ale was made from
barley.
• The ‘mash’ from the malted
barley was used three times
to make ale of different
strengths.
What Did The Anglo Saxons Drink?
• Children drank the third brew as
it was less strong.
• Some of the wealthy drank
imported wine.
• Most would drink from horn
cups.
• The very rich might drink from
glass which came from the
Roman occupation.
• The cups also might have been
made from wood.
What eating, drinking and cooking utensils did
the Anglo Saxons have?
• They generally ate their
food from wooden plates
and bowls
• Spoons were made from
horn and wood
• Most would drink from horn
cups
• The very rich might drink
from glass which came
from the Roman occupation
What eating, drinking and cooking utensils did
the Anglo Saxons have?
• They used claw
beakers, so called
because they looked
like claws
• Clay pots were used
for cooking
How did the Anglo Saxons make and colour
their garments? • Cloth was made from linen or
wool woven on a loom.
• Linen was made from the stem of a plant called flax
• Wool comes from sheep in light and dark colours
• The sheep’s fleeces were dirty and urine was used to clean them.
• Carding brushes were then used on the fleece to remove the knots.
• The fleece was then formed into thread using a drop spindle.
How did the Anglo Saxons make and colour
their garments?
• Only the very rich wore silk which comes from silk worm cocoons
• Silk would have been imported
• The Anglo-Saxons liked bright colours so the cloth or thread had to be dyed.
• Favourite colours were yellow, blue, green, orange and beige.
• Red was expensive and only used by the very rich.
How did the Anglo Saxons make and colour
their garments? • Plants were used to make the dye.
• Yellow comes from the stems of the Weld plant which grows on rough soils
• Blue comes from the stems of the Wode plant
• Orange comes from the root of the madder plant
• Green was made from mixing blue and yellow
• The plant was chopped and soaked in hot water to make the dye
• To make blue the Wode had to be soaked and heated in male urine as oxygen must not be present in the liquid
How did the Anglo-Saxons make bread?
• The Anglo-Saxons harvested the wheat.
• They removed the grain (the ears) from the stem.
• They stored the grain safely where the rats could not get it.
• They ground the grain into flour using a quirn.
How did the Anglo-Saxons make bread?
• They collected flour and
mixed it with ale froth.
• The dough was then shaped
into a ball and put into a hot
clay oven to bake.
• Bread was usually made
daily.
• The flour contained some
ground stone which caused
wear to their teeth.
How we made flour.
• Edith showed us the tools that we needed.
• She put wheat into the quirn and then she let us have a go.
• Edith showed us the flour around the edges of the quirn.
• We think the quirn is really fun and we wish we could have another ANGLO-SAXONS DAY!
What Jewelry did the Anglo Saxons make
and wear? • The Anglo Saxons feared the ‘God of the Underground’ Wyrmas.
• They believed that snakes and dragons were bringers of evil
• Snakes heads were often found on beads, buckles and brooches for protection from Wyrmas.
• Dragons heads were also found on jewelry.
What Jewelry did the Anglo Saxons make
and wear?
• The ladies wore strings of beads around their necks made from amber and glass and the less well of from clay.
• They also wore a snake bead around their necks. • They also hung beads around their belt for
protection. • Belt buckles and brooch were generally made
from metal • Bracelets were made from metal often with snakes
heads at each end • The less well off wore cow horn bracelets
What did the Anglo-Saxons do
if they were ill?
• The Anglo-Saxons believed most illness came from the god Wormas.
• Wormas brought evil from deep in the ground in the form of Worms, snakes, elves and dragons.
• They believed that a sharp shooting pain was the result of an elf shooting at you.
What did the Anglo-Saxons do
if they were ill? • It was thought to be
dangerous to wander into woods or watery areas.
• Tolkein stories are based on Anglo-Saxon and Viking beliefs.
• Bad health came about because something was stolen from you or something got inside you.
• They believed the god Woden had got a great snake surrounding the world and sent it down in the form of nine plants to help cure them.
What did the Anglo-Saxons do
if they were ill? • Wise women in the village
dealt with illness
• They would take a urine sample from the ill person and look at the colour, smell it and taste it
• It would be dark if the person was dehydrated or had a temperature
• They would be kept warm and a type of red collar would be placed around their necks for three days
• The collar, being red, was valuable and it contained worms, from Wormas, to aid the healing
What did the Anglo-Saxons do
if they were ill? • The wise woman might have
a crystal ball which they believed came from the underground and was taken from the elves
• Cuttlefish bone was also carved and hung up to ward off illness
• Hag stones or health stones, which were stones found naturally with holes in them, were hung from their belts to drive away badness
• Jet was also used and also shells, particularly if they looked like eyes
What did the Anglo-Saxons do if
they were ill? • A sick person might have an
arrow laid on their prone body and the healers had chants asking the evil to come out
• After a long while the arrow, which then contained all the badness, was shot into water and the patient was cured
• They also had potions made from plants which were always bitter
• Sage leaves were used and lavendar was used for headaches
• Broken bones were set by Cumfre or Bone Set which was crushed, made into a paste and put on the swelling
• The paste would harden and immobilise the break
What equipment did the Anglo Saxon
Warriors have? • The main fighting equipment
was a shield and war axe.
• Only leaders and best warriors had swords as these where expensive.
• A few were equipped with bows and arrows.
• Some wore helmets to protect them.
• Some had chain mail head protectors under their helmets and chain mail vests or coats.
• The chain mail was very heavy.
What equipment did the Anglo Saxon
Warriors have?
• Alefroth dressed
some of us up as
you can see in the
pictures
• What fine warriors
we would make
What did the Anglo Saxons use
bone, antlers and horn for?
• Horns and antlers were shed every year
• They were never wasted
• Horns were used to make sounding horns for warning.
• Horns were also used for drinking from by fitting wooden bases.
What did the Anglo Saxons use
bone, antlers and horn for?
• Horns were also used for jewelry.
• Antlers were used as needles and tools.
• Bone was used to make combs and tools.
