1tlo hoetllt.tlel botv~ tbo Al8bt entl Iarae1Sa oontlnued

thl'OUih l9GOa. More than _,thine etae the p10bla ot 4Joplace4

Polestln!ana,.. a sore r,e!.nt ln tll.olr relations. ove a

rd.l1lon ftdoatSno Amb rof~ eos waro hwen1slllnc In the reroaee cGmpa ud thls cave rlso to the tor:orlfiC DO'V-.nts 1n t·t•t . Aata. In dltl? s1Jtlen1 the Ml1e~t1De Lt.boratloa OJgtmbatlon

(H.O) was estn.bllahod v1th the actS-.e support of BKYPt. It ws

becd04 by lll.ma4 '}bUlrall7, a banister t1011 CeiDbrl••• 'ttlo we a

PBlostlnJan rotq;e• hStloolf. altmlttw.eotwl.J1 a tJroD.t orennS...

· tSOn Da1le4 the Klleatllle LlbOJ.'O;t!on AJ!'If{ (H:.A) waa tome! 1»

treo tbo liol11M4 fJOU tho ·~1o.nlat oocupatt.on•. About tbe

aaDe ttae, A .EttMt 810ther llboJ:Ot1on art«::.-tt ODe I.Dto

1 klcl.tght. ~ls crguJ•tton ws f'oUD484 1u late tlttlea by

Y•lr Alafat, fUl Amb rotu~ee, vltb tho ala ot llbetattlll

P81E.11t1no fmm the J'OIIIJ.ab t~~urpen. AJ&b roft\leM VM'e

recruited to the iLl ud A 1ilfJlt ud tbtr <N7le4 £l1eft'llla 1

ral~:D hlelde Ismel. fhaa the ieloatblu guerrSllU popul.ar!7

known OG ~~- beoDe o sou..~o of temsloA \etwota the A!Clba

od taraelta. nr 144-rft:r:tt.es the bat. tenorlet actl,ltlC!II

1

b...-o •n•t froqttent tUld n8S111184 ...-cblg pl"'portlou. Ja

· retatlatJon, the lrnv.e.tl• attaeke4 'tho itllosttae guenllla

ba&ea 1nolde the #.Je.b ten-ltorles k.."l.lett.ng h•'ff ~- to

pub1lc pro~ ADd c.Svns. ~p61atSona. !lllrJD£ the earlJ l867,. b()rd.- b.oldeots llatveen Iaae\

and tho Aaba mor-..e4 OU01Wual!i1 ospecJa11y1 en the Sfi'Ja­

Irsmell· bOra•• ·OD 7 · A.prU, larat4t. aattlc.G~ts on the ayrSU

bo,.dor vere at•cked b:f the Al'ab guarrSJ.las. %Jl a :retal.l&f;OIJ

_,., 1'81'8.8\ pO\Il4o4 the n1rSan posltlona tJoe Vlee th•

gUGJTJllo.a ~a be. opoattua. In 'the ael'tal m'tl• that

foU.CVed, Jarael.Js brOugh\ t1INA ob: rJJr.lu ,3·eta ~4 ~~~.a . 8 th9 :J)'t-1_. Upto t~v:a•o•• ·

·•ne tho bOrder lneldents conttnue~, t.Jae11 irS.

!1Suieter t.evl sattkol declared on l3 uar 'JSJIII1 tbat Ia:rotA voutd

aontlatto to take acts.• to pre9st tta7 att~ to perpot•t•

"aabotogttt wltbl%1 lto tGJTltc:y. ne saJd tbat •pea.ce -.a fllllcrt•

would Mt rotcn ozs one s1de of tbe bottd• .._, 1'1awt .....,4 M

J10 •I~Gtmltr" tOJt 8DJ pte 'ftlf.cil S8fiPin.l ttha aote of 'Ws.l.aMt

sahko11rAll'lletl. !lt aoou.ed :;rrta of .,...._ •• •ro.t P'Jattt ot

the tenor 1st acti.•S.leo, &04 ..,..._ ._, · ••• "*• •sbaU a chocae \llont 1rbon at how te HPlr. to the attaoka•. fJie AlaiJ

coontrS.eu 1"CCl4ttl JIINPL$' to tiM '-t&l ft-Sae MJ.nlat-'•

•.-181•. 'lhe cOQ~1tl4et! tba' .a &tl •• on ~vrla -. 1••••'­•t ot the lab ootlllt:rl• 111 bf tibe VD.Ited Aab Boptl\ille (tJAI)t

I

a , ••• .,. ••• u.,., 19a7.

one 'b:f otw mpreuae4 their S(_~lldar1t:,7 vlth n:;rSa 8114 dGole.re4 r

tt.t cc:1 attactt en ~•cue would bo regort1o1 £'.Sen attack on

tus;.nolvoo. ~horenttet, the um ~ mvlbg lta t:oopu

thro~t the ~Sal Penlnlt4a to.arda the lumel border. on

16 Iil.J l967, Y4bat1mod FllW8)', Chlet ot ;:tatt or tho um t.l.llle4

forces, v:oto to G~etal Xndra.1lt Rl~o, the tn41U CotaaD<\er

of' the un.ltotl uat!ona 111C1'3en<W FOrce (U1t.:m?, tell lag hla that

ho bad asked hla a:mod tore• to be "raattr to~ action• ase.~t

ramal, 1f It took cmy om;reaslvo aetlo.n egatnat lUl1 Aab

eotmtr;. !he P'CJPthm General r«;.untecl co-...aw IJJ&tutre to lme41ately vlthdt'Qll h_ts troops ta-om 3hal ud oth«r atre.tctc

P~$308 ao o.s to avoid U1 oonfrontatlou with the 1;eyptJan tore•• Bll-thayo replied that bo vou1.4 rel»rt the lllltter Jmcec.Uatety to

the 1doretu7 ooneml tor Sllatructlons atace he bad ao authority

to vl~amv ~ 'Olt.:r tJOOps, ercept 011 opeestSo •!ut!'tlctloa~

ro1101't«l to the cecreta17 aenel'Gl obOt.tt n•eal __,,a aoeeage.

lacecUatety u ~t slled the ua pO!IImet s-epna•tatS••

at tile m ad ~ueate<l him to obtain hle aov..,..t• a

c1ar1flcat!ou Qn tile tatter. !be roUowtag deJ, Gcel81

aW.ye repJJtt4 to tbo seor-.1'1 Oceml that um tftJOps lla4

eooupleit tho tliL'P ots.,.tlo.n poeta In sinal. oa tbe 8Mle a., oenel81 nlt~e roo.S•e& eaother note trOll Oane!Ol ~ ukbc

bill to wlt.L:.d.\'U.v the UireF t1011 S!JJal\lltnln tvct,.:bur hoUI'I•

tho t(!ypttan ooaoal alao &.anood tho VS.tutllaval ot Uti&1 nom

r:~ 'il1·8bolk wlth1n tortr•olPt bonN. on lB _, the t1AB

roHIP HSn!ater Mohca!lod RJad hltOlllod tho Unltod UatSo•

• ~1ecJ."sta.ry aencnl u ruut. tbnt hSa aov,:.1'iltltJlt hatt d.eeldo4 to

t~te the JWO£tcllce ot t!1e rm~ hom lta torr!to17 and ttet

ot tl1U!A str.tp. ne fonatly r~utetod t.l:Jie f~ecnta17 Geeal. to

take "neeeu.ta" at•ps tor the vltllt1Ja,wl or the torcoa as anOJt

u ponslblaft• tr 1'bant !n hls re~,. \llne eompl.Jlllc vitb the

otfScta1r81Ue&t of the 1J6R OOY~, ftPI'08te4 h1a •ewSowa

Jdaclv!bga• abOut the vltttdtwa'i ot the tm;_:;r tJoa s1oo.1 and

ot!.lett l)lae•·• lle olao wsad tllat tha wltlldln't111 &Sgbt ba"e 4

ttgrave Sln;;lleotloUJ" tot- pt;ace Sn tbe rt.e!on.

fho wltudlOual ot Ulir~ 1u fact bl'oq:ht OOAts'oAtatSml

b.twee11 the nntat;oniats ol.oaer. J.'l)r moro theA a decade the

U".JL'lr bad acted as a batter botwoen the ArabS ClAd X.~~&ella 0114

malntalne4 peace hl the ar•• rheatoro, the action or tho w ~ecr~...acael looked rath• precl;)l•WJ• 1n vlew ot tbe

tact ttat tho tens1cn on tho borr1ers \118 rJ.alng mp14'Lr. Ja

llla rot»rt to the aecurlty COtmc11t u l*llmlt hime~ ttasad.bal 8

tlle sttuat!on ae •at~ a .. clac"• tJ:atwor •.lab* be tbe

~tJatSf1oatlon tor tlto seer.-, a~• a deolaJon, tbe rut

r_.l.t'Ul ttat tt-1 o ..rl~"la..-.1. ot the Uti :'1' tuatbe ag.,.te4 the

alt•tJon..

POllowlns the vJ.tbdlltual of •• uasr, the uaa to._.

-eanpto4 on tbo utatcle plao• Jne1D4111C the aba:m OL·Sbct.tk

at tllo bOld of the r&...""'l'lV atrntts ot :Zl::~..n tilleb l.tuka tho Ou1t

or .44Gbe vlth the Hed ~:;-.. ~•• ot .. ~ibal1tt a mrltJao tortrooo,

vaa held slaoe 1056 by tllo \Jli;'!J' • :rn a. quick aaceGDsJon of

evouta1 oa m z., • .vrcsl1st of tile u~..a Gatto\ !bde\ •~•

tumeuaeod the clcudu·o ot tbe Oulf ot Aqe1la to Ie:mol1 ahlg;lnc

ua M1 othua camt.De st:e.t'clc mtta'I&U to the Iamelt

pOrt of gllat. Rtelnlse•t ot the atlouallatlon of t.ho r;ues

etmal, th!s ~tic action of zra.uaaJr, at ODCO pluuce4 1 ·•t A<aJA Snto a ••Joue pol!tlool er!ale.

Adt.trossble the UAB Jtr PDrce tt.~e ~a, YUa«P

accused Ia!ae\ ot ttcoUW!SJlt" vttb ti.Gatutn ~811 to ~<18

·::rrta. no referred to the closve of the oult ct AqQa aa4

deelaretl that lt WUJ an •attl118t1o.n ot the Atllb rlsbta Ucl

oova-e!:lnt:/ O'fGr Ute au.U". He then watt oa to dl.aS. ttat the

o ulf of Aq.-. eo.uatltute4 the _,ptlan •t.-rltol"'al. ,.,_. t

o.Dd fltlae« that "!JI'lder no olfttmat.anoes 'Wlll we allow the

Israol! t1Qi to !*OS throteh the OU\t ot 14...,.. He UDOaace4

tbat J;:~pt votlld flr~t lt sy•Ja or anr oth• ARb ••'• ,.. ~'# . G . sdJ~ected to agsrasston. tsadl. rtllcted Ul1'117 to tbe

BgVptSiw. blockade of tho vult ot · Atebl• speak.ID£ In tile the

DeHGtt/laTael.l rulJuont, hiDe MJ.nSa'e'f Letl Blbkol

atelaret\ tbat •evtJrJ tnterf~• wlth tho~ ot tJblppllla

lD the GOU of Aqala Ollf! in tho atal'• ot fl!Oil con~~tltatee a

1mas 'Ol.o11atlon cr J.at ... t1ona1. laW, aa Satl'ln'!.e&ent of 1lle

eo'Mftft!n rights ot other •tJoM aa4 en eo• of asanasSon .,.~nst tarae'l." ne ~ed the uod.d tbat tblo wa a "tatetal

hotU'* t not o.ol1 to~ Iamot bUt tor the st!ro wX'ld, and CO.Ue4

ttpOn tho t:a.JOr pOWers Gild t11e UnltGd l!attons to act without

dotar In raSntaJnJ.Dg tho l'lsht of tttee •vSgatSon to 3llat. ne ec.uttanet\ that lf &UJ 8 01'1tlh:al.• attcpt \88 r::ado to ~poso n blockai!e oc the elli;;J.\ilng ot a metlber-atate of the unJ.ted nat!onat

1t woula set a at:mgeroua procodent that vould have gave

!m.plS.eatlona tor !Ateaatlorm. relat!ou cm.tt tho tree<bn ot the

8(80• Flra1.1Jt be aosenod tbO.t l'Mreel. 1188 entitled to tale

"' r!cnt of bolt•4ofC!Ilee Cllc! would Ettero.lae J.t It a.ooea&J7•

ftU81 Pd.M tilnlflt• ~l left no one tu &»ubt as to at his oowtrJ wul.d &> U tbo t'Mt oont!nue4 with the lAoe&aae.

nn•er• eteelston ptt·"~d«l ~ l"'lJ.tlcel ud dlplomtlc

observers. lU Nosaerts aetlou motlmt«\ b7 a compu.l.lllve

tL'•{lO to llJ.AJ QptO· the t .. rab JZUa.81J7 Had he -.leulate<.i that tbe

C·i'9Nltlgen were so ovo!\llol.m1Dcl7 on llla ald& that 1ll splte of

creve nets of provoee.ttone $ere woUld be no retallatolf t.Jee1.l

respolJ8e? It 1~ not :xtsnlble to aoneluaJva\y rwswer th•• •••tiona at t.bls etase but lt GOD •unlr be ald. tbat hla

action had preolpltatEYJ. the crlsla.

Aa expoctod tt:.e crJa Is at ODCO broagh' the super pow era

Into ate t1lapt.tte, on 23 Mlr lN'It S.u a b~t to the atlon,

rreslrltllt LJDCion n. 3ob11M'n etAtod tbat tho closare of tbe Gulf

or AQaba tad Ocdded a •aar ud. caM dS=--lon* to the ariaS..

no 40c].O.rod tbat the UA1te4 3tat• cousl-.:t tl.le GUU to 1M

an •SAt.-,Jonal •t.__,• •d that the bloolsade \1tlS "JllQJol"

an4 "potantJaUJ dtaaatrcraae to the ••o ot P•ce. Jo!lJ'liOA

• ·,0;

e~laea that the rl~\ ot "free cmd tuuoowt J8SUGCet'

th1'0~ o lllt..-t1oual. •tfJJ!W1 vae oi· vital Slnportaace to

the Sateld:\,te.t CODUllt;v. He aae lt eleaJt that the unlto4

statea •• flll'll1 eerdtt4t4 t» tho 11polltlcal J.n4opeudeee and

. teJTltol'lGi 'J.tecrttJ• ot au •tJotS ot the rclo.n. ne attlmG4

tllat the 'll.DSto4 ~tatee woQ\4 ••••tl~tt au.;·petrt the ettoHs ot

the tlllt_. llatlone to ~uoe tena!ollD ana restore atab11Jty In 8 .·

the CU'-. on the otll ... bU4, the OO'Ilet CovorarH~tt pzompU,

Saaued a etatefllent blaalltl ta$01 for the "t'tlllll;:eroua G&«ft'Wltton

or tension In the tieu ,,__.. tho etat.-.t accuao4 fet A1tlv ot pla,y!ng t11e ft)1e or a •colon2At. ovG1"8...- to21 tbe ~'l'Sal.Jat

powea ovOI' the poopleo o-r the t.rab :tut. Xt cbal"!:ed that

!amet •• rocettlac •asrect ena Indirect eoaou~G~cet" ro-. Ita e«BrttEJ!$lVe actlona flotl certa!J:l"laperSallat olrcl•" 11tlab

ao~ht to ~· t.sok "colonial oppZ'oaaJoa• to the AJab J.u4tt• ·

•: l.loul.d UlfOilo trJ to tmlefl.llh Gggf'Gis1oa Jn lbe u_. __., laa ·,

\tou.\d h act not onl.~ vS\b. tne tmlted at~th of Aselt ••vlea b\\t also vlth al~Da oppe>eltlon to aureuJoa fiOI\ the SO'tld

unlctn ud all p•eo-lo'fbg statee," lt ••• fll• .,._.

a~eraa•' nl80 oll~ed tbat •a hi.Datt\1. of oolocl&\ oSl

••pollee cmd tllell' bMsa~-on• &4 tho tore• of !Jap.-taJ.Ia

.... Jnterest.t In •r ud rtldftW tbnt the r.atnteraoe of

•pee.co ad aeourttst• lD *• u. dlactly flt'Uac•t to the tlOvt.­

.. acu:'tle#S to\lehe4t;h.,0Jl *• •vt• Jat._ta, or the soviet peop1:;

a l:ttr the text of Pr•ldcllt LJntba lohaeoA• • •tnt._, or • *' lS)67, •• ~· (_.bglont D.C•)t •

• i• x•n.ZIM• ~& tter ,.,.

1'he tt10 snpor ::overs tilus took dtaaetrtoal.ly op!)Oalte ~1• ot

thj crista. ~tlSle the UJdtoa '1tBtes trCiltcd tho cloove of

the !Hllf of Aqaba u no~y an act ot t!en!al or llar!tlme r!nhtle

to Ismet, tile ~Jet unton vlowo& the cr!a1s aa an SaperSals.t

o.ntl eolou!Gl.S.t tllot ~!nst the ~mba.

l..s threats of •r t!lled the ntr, the Unltec! Nations

1ecretu7 Oo&luel U l!bant 3ourn~ed to tho UAB to eonfe wlth

Pr•J.·tent nas••• lD the ~~ttetlD; betw_. the tvo, u 2:bant drar

the attontton ot :Jute to the "&m.iJaota OOnl*lllellees llddl

eoald ensue mm restrlctbla tm..ocant passage of ehlpa 1n the

atmlts ot 'ZS:ea• • He -~essod the !lope tbat •.no prec1.;.;1tate

action •u1.d bo tnkan•. the secr*'7 G8lol'R1 v•t on to aoko

u •rn•t PJ,.m to all .-ntos coneor.ne4 tor o. 11br-.thlD£ apeU•

vllleh woa16 allOw tOllflo» to subelde 11011. lts -.plo•lve lcwcl..

He naked the to "Herct.e specJal ra~talll'• to foliO

betlteorence, tm~ to avcl4 all othe~ aotJou 'tlblcll ooa1.4

!ncr-so tensloll". tJ l'baat ~ntSted the alapUtuta to l-'

the ~~ocrutlty ocuneJl deal wlth the tmderly 1Dc _.. or the 20 .

crlsls tWit to aeek Its NIOlntten. Bla otton to aeoare a

. •t.renthlnr. o:p~1.1", hwGVal't alt\ •t aucoee4. l brtathllll

spell •sont!all1 rtt91Jilt that r•trtetloM on lal1le\l ab.lppbg

ln tllo cult of AQa.ba 'be N~G'f.a, at ltUt tepOarn,. Bat

thJa va.a mt acceptable to uu.... .&ar reaplte vou1.4 •••

gl•en eoao ttae to u !baD' to won. oat a tormtd.a to reeolft

\ht ccat.esa.

Ud .r !I J 1 J I J I •

At tho Unlte4 Hatton& an ¢lm:enclf neotSDc ot the secnrltr · coucn wns eoDv•e4 to 4laooas tt.a v•t Asian elttatlon. PartS.

otpatble Sn tb.e debate Ilafll dotcato Gltt•n Mtaa\ 4eltl4 'the

A!t\b ob&rgo bt his oo•\21 W i~o4 to lnwde Of$• lle

d.G~~~cr1bo4 the Aab tW4 sov1et allese.t!oll8 tbat hla cot»tr./ ba4

_,.ed tsroopa on tho 81J.'lu border q •eveepJ.De• and •unt'otllder.

Rafael quoted seeeta7 Geeta'L• a repOrt ot l9 HI¥ to the

. s ecttl'itJ' eozo!l 1n au~~pon of ht• co.ntfJltlon tbat Isael. la4 ·

aot plarme<t U7 ogreaslve ae\Son aaas.t s:~rla. on the otbe hand he acotl&ad the t-re.bl ot pre;arJDa fOr 8lttlftlltd.on agaJDat

hta ooaat17 tmd ~the attctSon ot th• counoSl to-.._.. l!ko ato.t8'.'1fJlts ol: tho ~--• leaden, ~l<rule.rl1 Fr•14alt

naaaer. natae1 prop0•e« fl.ve mtll8ur• to&\'-' the orJelaa a1.1

lnflal:alto17 sto.tel!*ltl and tb~• .,.,,., tbe \Gftltottlal

lntaerlt7 ca pclltleal Ja<tepen,.,ence of uv ••t• shou14 be

stoppttt1t the tm Chart• obligation or •n-boU!geronce lll8t be

at.rtctly cottvlld vltht the amo4 tore• auat be v1thdttlWD to

Vle poaStJQna tllQV ocoupl«l at the belmllal ot ttte onasa, aU

,.,... of aate4 Su.eureton, aota ot sabotage and t~l'S. 8bodl4

c .. e, ad the Goveftlll'tDU ooueae4 obotl14 take au atepe te

prev•t tu•lr 'eJTlto2F flea be!Dg •el to:r the hoatlla .,..,

aDd Sa tbe .tl\\S.ta of tldlll 8114 •• Galt or &qat. then aboul4 Q.

· be ., Jatet.rece vlth aa.v lhlppJalc•

Par\letpatiDs .Sa th• c1tlta\•• ~ tm iD'ta!18odDr to the

1JIIltol Ba\tone, Altha oo1••• Ule4 the t:scr.boft w OQi),_rt ·t .• ,._ ... ...

11 -~, , rr r£, 1ltB• l34et PP• Ga?t ate. l3&3, pp. lA-.17.

• tho .appoal ot the ;'!eoretal1 Geberal tor a "broo.thhlg •Ptll•. OOltlbet~ rclte:ate4 u!e oovoaunetSt•s stand that the ault of

Aqela tlls eu llltorstloual wat.,_,., and tho rl3ht of t:ree eD4

llUlOoent .-~JtlDt""O ot lntas.at!olJOl vat~11.1 was a· vital J.nt...,t

of the latematioilbl COJ~dll\7. In aup~l!'t of 1118 are·~

he q\Stted the retewdtt. portion ot tho lOS oauow conyeattoa

whlch stnton that "there tlbaU be no Sutpo;P81on ot the hmoc•t

po.s.aee of toretru lhlpa thrc~ atmlte ot flft.nt Whloh an

ue4 tor Jnte~~&tloDil navSgatJon betveell ooe putt ot the hi&h

••• ana f.UlDtbft pan ot tho bJ,.gh ... or tho ten!torJal ••

ot a torols:n state•" Goldberg reten-ltl to sabOtace ua t•JOrtst o.otlvStSec ot tbe PaleatlASau M4 asked that th•

ettectlva stope be t&tt• •to r•ftlftl the genel&l •rrdatloe 18

ecneeuts ana rovlta11sse the ~Utlletlce mohinar"•

1be ~vpttu da\es:ate I~e4 rn- KDXl¥ accue.S ••

laltle11 Prblt ldnllt• or thrtat•tDc hwaalon ot S,rS... l!e

.Sd tho.t the Utlh 009cm.v:.taub had mblll•e« theh' OVD to•• as a pu!'ol.Y <ktf_,l.,o ~avo. Be 3uatlfl414 the zoptS.

tllla\d tor tho vStlla..:t. ot the unr tiWZ1 ss-t ama Gaa on

tho ttro\'Uld tllat lt voutd have aomo bto co&dllet wlth the U.b

a.ctad.oll to t!efcA Aab atlou 't.lr ell llf.'JIU,. mile aont•dbta

that the GUU ot Aqala .,.. u llllAuMI •t...,, eubJeot to

Ugpt!M IOYeHkA-t ll• elailaed tbat the G.tf ba4 'bee laW

ccntln110d ..a ~mmterJDP' .. ._,.. ...,.,Jon for over •• taouauct

f(81lll• no asserted that Isradl. ws nt tho ;ol't of ~~nat SA

v 1olatSon of the Aslattee t.erocont Wld. thoretoro ba4 ao

"61U ISI&d&" u a lltto%'01 state. ne &!CUed tb&t thla fact

ccwe tbe Ambo o,r,QluaJ.ve rl&hta oTJer the Gu1t ot N,t&b& llDttat

!nt.-tSoal *• · He a1ao rJOtntoa out thot the &aba were stnl

kt. o. otate of uar vlth lsu:aet Gild thorotoro von 3•tlfle4 SA

taking aoc«JRl-:1 •sw.w ascwt thelr ceq. !Q. f4DI' ~Sao - tbot tho coucluaSon o£ a tartlal or ctJil0!81 atrdstlce

ar:nat~a;.t 4ld .not tel'Llloo.te the state or war. Ee qt»ted

Opptdletta, ewell. t2lOW1l authority In !JltGJilCltlow laW, JD

at.tL•r.O!'t ot hlo UCt'tJnGiltt •tn aplto of attoh oossatlon (of

host!lltl•) t the dcht ot vJelt end ••rob over IUJatld

~-- therefOre rG~Al.ua !tltaet, oe dota llkciiS.o the

right to oaptm1e nou.t!Gl venDete ott~pt!Dg to -.k a blocatte,

an!l the r1~t to selze contsbetnd ot w.r.• !he Jllypt!u 4el.epte

aseO!'ted tuat s~ aecor&moe vtth !nternat!Dnal Jav hie OO'feJIIfMlt

bad the "ltllltbate rlgbtf* to Impose rostrletlou on awtcatle.

Sn tlle atJG1\ ot tl!GD vlth reopoct to ahlppSzla to u4 11J ltll

en-.. !bo :~;pttan dt4-.to poSAte4 oat tbat •• tJDltel

rttatea bat\ .lmpo•mS at.Slar restt~Setlone on cuba Ud the Peop1.et •

aapa'bllo of dl.ba. 12. KonJ ~ot\ the Aal> ~r.ln attaoa • lelllel.

a • hoWe\1_. doolared tba\ ur aearab fft peace tD 'the IIS4dle

Bllt wot4d not 8UCOeel •~n the rights ot the H&l•tln..,.

v•e restoN&. Ile a1M •'d tbat tll1latem1 dlntaefatJoa.,

Itmol. ca vo'll as lte tlaiiMt vlolatlon ot tbe ll:)•ptS..

Ierne\ G-..-1 Al£'11attee Acl'efJIIetlt ws roeponsJ.blo tOl' ••

18 detelol\Qtlou. ot tho slttztloa 1n the Middle 1111 ..

1'he •vle\ 4tltPte JJlkolal Feclu•et\l.m reltemte4 hS..

Oovomaeut•o pOllar on tho .lS!:lUe 8114 ·lll.amotl tha JmperJolht

tao'hbatlou tor tho .met•• Uo add that 181'84!tl ectAd mt

act 1u tlle -., 1t •• aatbc Qtd.esa It ws beiDa dlr.ct17 OU®tu'ef!cd bJ col"':ata Smpe!allat olrcles ~Jolt were,...,._ to rootore the •coloutal cpprteslon• ln tll.o .Aa\J laDaJ. l!e

dolcr1be4 tare.el e.s the •In weapon or laporSallats aga!ut the

Prottr.Jsl,e .U.b atatea. ut.no ~ tlte mU.lfaiJ Glttl'CD!ata

In lfteet., FedOftlllll 4-.aded tlla\ tho seat.U'ltr eo-.A ooa"-D lA .,

the pJOwoatlv• aCts ot tal'f~ol agalnat the r...-.bt. · ·. fl\e Alllbet the tJmel.ls and tho aqp• LJOVen th•

reltolGttMI an the seeurltr coanoll tue~,., ~.U e~tabltabel ...._

w!:tbOd 0011eodlar; Mf poSDt to their adVer-JadANI. JI.Se• tbe

s~ o-.za1•• $11 to• a •--.thS.C aptll• fiMa4 ta110a w.lth all tho .-us, DOl' ~ othw coDU•• p10p0881 ..,..s otN or thG ¥S"-.tlclll 1» 41fWte tb.o ortas.. e. paeoee4IDp

or Ule coua.oll ••• a mere ...,_.ltlon of tu* .,_ .,......, vlth ooeulo~ oatbuJIJtl. a\ -.h oth•• lAIU •• ,_.. ..a Ule .teraetle e.c0Die4 ~ ••• et "S«Cr.sS.• ~.._,., the

Sft'flet tfl11ctu ud the u.tt.a stat• tm&ta dat'R• ot •oo&oala1Jaa11

884 •lltlOGOl.ontalblft eD4 of ...-tlftlgSI!c *•Wlll...,.

18 11Jlt f'l mlt llti.!• :&Mit PP• l-tlf .... l.lll, PP• 6-U.

~ ~

aer~v ln&.l.rroo In poldec. on the W.Ole, the connon neetlne

tamed out to be on 01torclao In futntty.

:lm.'!ng tile lett veet ot A."W. tho sS.ts:atlon ttL..-tbor

dotorJoratea. A44reoakle the ~b ta(}) anionlata on DG 11aft

PNJldcm uue• ald that the Asb pS)pl.o umtoa to recns.a the rtgbta of the people ot Paleetl.lle. ile tlerolaJte4 tlJBt 1t

Iut'8.e1. d:lbill'ke4 on GQt-z-eeztlon egaS.nat ·~.!yrlc or _,J)t, tile

battle ecclnlt tbe lOiltah atate would be o c.,_Gl81 one u4 .not

COllf!aed to cme spot on tho ~rJu or tue !~ptlla berde. Bo . 16

pt'OoloS.a4 tbat oou mole ob3octlve vtll be to dellt!OJ Iemal•.

on the eeae a.,-, ~etl Bellalt 14ltor ot the U. MIN• tho

acal-ottloSal oala lhi1Ft ud a close oontl4cat of PNDld•t

llaa••• vrote In bls oolttmn that the "NINCl e1alh befatelll tJw

um ud tal'tlel •• Snevltab\e". ue deolare4 ht •tt ta 110t

• mtte ot the au1r or Aql\ba bQt or aometblaa blcce. Jt 18 the \llole );hllosolilJ of Itre.ell aecurlty. t' lethe lblloao~

on eleb lamel.l edete11ee bU plvoto4 alaoe lk bh1l& U4 oa . 11 cleh tt vm plvot s.n the MDN.• fh•• ... 110110 of tb•

.,..,.est atatcaentl uaner U4 hS. oloee ueecta•• la4 ade stnoe

tbe b~llli:i.lns of the orbS.. llleth• uassor roallr ... t to wlpe

la5o1. o.rt tb• rap .,. a •~t• ot apeetlatJon. 3Ubae;~~ec,t

b!a vttla~ cite& the aboYo ,.,.enta to ~uatlfl the 1aat1.1.

pr .. -.tlve atrllct ... .._. V.YPt• tame\ lt:a.U lliBblJahW

11 ra•br •••• st1 ., lDII'I. ,.l'bU-

thGSe tttatenonts ot ~•• ad otbon1 flrst to tala sympatbJ

1n the liDrld capltcl.a, tbeo. as o.n al.lbS. to nrlke at the Asb8.

'4batever mieht haVe been llalteP• J.Dtea\lODit hie prt)tlOfl'.lOtmenta

coat hlm dearlr•

on !» ._., lfaUeJ' doc1are4 betue the ••• ot Ute U &1l Ba\lolal b&Gt!lblf t.batt

rto are .,, · o1ll.Y confrOnt !J.lg tetaGL bat alao tlloae 1i1bo er-.tel I••• Md l4lo aN btblll4 t.••,••• the Issue DOW at baa4 18 DOt the ~~~-:;•,:eon:~JI~o~~~.;"ofL. aleetllle pGDp1e. It a tbo aecreeudo.n Vht.cb took I)'J.ace S1'1 fal-tbe 1n 1948 vlth tbe eo1laboat!on ot nrltab end tho trnltel t'jtn'•• It S.a tbo ox1)'Jlo !on or the Jt:abs t1011 Pl\lostllle, tbe U8lirl*tl0n. of thob rl.gllts 1 Nld the plta!• or tl~ell' p~CpertY. · %t h tho atsa~ ot aU the u.u. reoo1u,loM 1n tawur ot the R4.tlll.laa peo-.o. ••.• lf ve au able to re!Jtare eon.1ltSoM to Vbat tbey 1ffll'e before lOGG, ooa vlll ·~ hdlp aou urge us to rtstot-e ttte sltatloa. to w!Klt 1t \188 ln Uta, .

aotorrbe to the ~ptloD uu t~l.nlster, :tar» BadiU•a vt.lt to

l"'HCOW cJ'lrller• :.;e.oaer •14 that be had rec•lve4 a .. ._. tloll

the novlot ftime t!l.nletw 4ede lJl~Yg.Ja _,,_ bl "U.s.s.a.

aUpperted t.tD ln tttls tattle end wul4 .110t ...u.v _, ,... w

• fl IliA I Ill .. I II ••

1'1

5!hua tbe sttaatlon 1'1Dthe 4oter1orato4. l81'4el.1e Who weN

alrGQd:T saapletous ef President uuaerta U.tonttou ven tortltlo4 ln thelr belief that tho sovtet Ulllon wu also a

party to tho •consp~ aplmlt tholt- atl~

on 30 1_, t Kine liU~Weln of Jordan arrived 1n calm u4

stnnot a detePCe tr•t.r vlth Preolttent nuaor. tho;r acr..a that

tu),f &sed attack on one ccuutrJ \JOultl be reLtt:~raett b!f tho other

ne an attack on ltaolt ud eo.Jttod tba.:so\veo to uoo all racau

at ~el.- 411 poSBl to repel tho a\tack. 1n the cw•t of a aarprlse

attack on ottra• ot the, otbe arnsur• ver• e.lsO to l>c take

to eu.torce the vlalls ot tho liGJ'eectnt. ft sene 'the purvoae ct

the ~~~~oat~lllt, tho UAB M4 Jo:r~ 4eclde4 to eetabl.Wl a ~Ia'

Def40Ce coacU ecmprJaSJJc ot Hhllatora of 'FOre~ Aftatn ud

DefeDCe ot tho two eot.tDtrles tmd a Jolll\ ooa..s. fhle ,..

ratbtl' u. unexpocte4 &Nalopmont consSa.Jaa tbe tact that

tho tvo eotmtrlen hru1 b.- lndt:11.glag 1n lllltaa.\ aaeaaatlolw•

tD the tlret vook of 3uoe1 '%laq aeo..s.a to UAa.Jol'dlal

PaOt. lJ'rllcr Iraqi ttoOJS ~rrtv,14 m Jordu .u ua te

reWforco tho Arab etraugtb• I'-.P• tb•• wee --. et tile

aaoat ~mpom.at deve\op;aeu'• .. , fuJ.Ithe acea•t.a ~· orlala.

!81'0.oll8 bCU to feel tbat the Aaa WeN UDlt.a a4 '*" upec a.twyJDc tllell' •U.. l'h• ptolab\r OODCltltlld ._,

thW ba4 DC option bat to tlcht m thea. fti'Ylwl.

\be erS.le u lt 4e\te10,.S, alterea the ellgJDCt ot

toroee In tfEitt AaJa. nttt..renc• 8IDI.IC the A.mba wore

- II I I I U I il 1•

ll J&t¢1111 QtldUt 31. lSOJ lDfrl.

11 Jllld., 1 t & laM l867.

• torcottal for the ttmo boblg; aud "oo.nsarva.tSves• 8114

n revoluttosrtea• allko roll. led round. tho same 1:1Dimer vlth

Ee:IPt Sn the 'VImGtercl. ~ oxt&JDll dlampSon of the 1-..tcbS,

tuo r".Dvlet unSon, -. ro.thor dletutly In tho be.ckeround.

fho UD1to4 :;tatee, on tho otbe haDa, foand luau thrust

more a4 ••• JAto the voaltlou of euppoftJas lnael•

Attar the cloouro ot tllo Otll.t .of AQala on 00 !Jay 1967,

ua 'lJDdo' neerotu:T of ~tate tor ~lltlGll Atfa!ro, sueco v. nostow, deltv01'04 a meoaago to the ggypt!an Al!lbasoador Sn

~h,JJll!Deton enld.DS cairo to Dhow • re ~tJO.IDt" ua not to rosort

to toNe. BOGtov tll~ SIPlOAe4 :;~alA BVzon, n eonSOr

ottlcSal of the ls!ael.l 1~ey, to the ntate ~t u4

told hSa that Israel ahoUI.d not trJ to t~ca the bloctraal

-.ne h'UhiDcton -. u,Jpg to reach a dlplcmatSo oo1utloa

ot tho p10b1.•• OJDultADCU1a1Yt 1m bll:Msadl• Ia tel. A•l"ft

walVOrCb DBrboVt UBI al.IO 1uat~o4 1:0 '.U e.. llaell

GOVGJU~Ct to \fl,lt toJt fOft)'•eJaht houa beiVe taldaa-. 10

action. Ill tbe m__,.Aot alebAI« nol,., the Ae4r appoiDted

IJaes-Scaa .amtoaat»r • aa1ro NI8Re4 tD ••• OOJWere4 flo ••

B81P\4.ea OOVot'DflCDtt ttat cabo lboa14 J.WtoN

• 2l

pc411l£ n_,tlatSollt. thwt the ttn.itoct ctctes etGPpeel up Ita

Mtllo-.tlc ettol'tll In a 'b!d to aetuse the crSBb and~.,.,·

hostU.lttOB. on ~- one haD4 ~:aabJDctcn aavJsed tamel. mt to

preoSpJ.tato the •sato, and on the othw- lt waa.S suaer of

serlcua couaQuona•• .lt the 1att01' porn!tlted In kHpJltc ttt•

Ou\f cloata..

AceOfdba ·\io Hlllta Qlald'• a. fbrelcu po1Jc:T Nllll,a'

who at ue tJl:;u, work .. Sn the lia,IDPCl soovl.ty ooancn M4

lt~ ~t:lr lu the aurter &dm!ulatmtlon, an ••• olo•an

ot tho autt ot Aqlit&, tour dJ.StJ'J.ct r;rt>\lP' er;l8Jie4 w1tb!D ••

3ohuon AadnJattfltSou vltb. ~~elJ- ovn i.»11or PNtertnotSt

soc~ ot ;Jtat• n-. S.k tm4 Ulld• uecreta~J ••• ao•• pf'lt81f'.P8Cl aoae toa ot actJoa ~·' VOUlti toth prfW•~ ..- ea4

k•P J:lU•er tJtom wlnn~De • 4tplolatlc vloto171 1lut • J.-.'DJaWI

• 1n the State ne~eut as woU u A.tl'tasna<lj)ra Ill Arab

eonatrleo felt U.t tue Ullltetl ']tc'itao eboul.<l net cot lnvolvacl

lu n z:oteutlal.lr vtolent co.utllct 1n tho J.1tdd1e 1:'Mtt 'the

i'etagon WU totall.J Opft0Do4 to a fi&GOOJ14 vt...- 1n the

Mldt!le i•t and -: mllltal'Y lntowentlcm 1n IaftLal• a b4lal.t Jn

an a'tempt to tozrco the bloekafleJ aDd freslt1111t JohllfiOn ad

fJOJie of bls a<tvbern van in favour or hel.pSAg %sr&elt bat

deepl.J' nware ot tb• Deed tor conrntoaalolll\1 sapp0n tor q aa

eositment ot us torcaa, were reluctant to r;o rurtbor. out ot

'theae 4lfferet polley options t11e1'Ce4 t1110 policy choloea -

eltn.- to ao ch~t1 vlth tbo t1Ult!lateftl. naet to cpm the

sttGlta ot* to allmJ tbe t•raal.b, to aot on tholr ow. rrovever,

zeerttal7 of 3tato nou Buak end Hobert Mdlaa.:a, tl1t11 • .,~ag

aa sooretarr ot lllfcec• SA the Jotamon Aad4t tatrattoD, ad'fOoated a the f'lrat wno rt13eotba the aoooA4 altumtlve. BUlk M4

l!d.J.-...1 a pOVerttQ.. oo:cb1tat1ml1 ''eft oot 1n fawur ot the

Unlted ''tatoo tatd.Pr; U7 QQ1lat--.1 ae'lollt hoaue th., vero .. altoptSoal of.' cettltlc ondoa-.\ ot the coacnaa.

ln tb9 mamttae, %a1.11ell FOrelp Jda.la~e Abta ltlaD

arrlvetl Sn t:Aflb~Q8ton to bave a first MD4 lawNlatJe or the

A.tlln1stJ,Utlon•.o thlntdac o.n the c!efe\Oplllg arJala. tA• he

ad vreoldtll\ Jolmeon, he al.lcea that tho um ,.. PNIJ&l'S..: tor u on out •ttack '-ll.wt hiM'L. Seorofa17 or Deteoe

I Ill illl ltH I_ J I I 11 -

' t

9\ 1bJ4., PP• 40-63. Also ace, Dftper, n. 20, pp. SD-10.

tl ft~ ~=: ~~t·fj!'pool!yl! . .-.;; t P• 09Cie

• Mctl;;~taa, • •• also present at the mooting 1 ,.. ret;:One4 to

have told L'ban tJJat aocorcU»c to the U3 Jntolligeoce H£G$

•a. um attack vas uot Santaat• •. \>hlle re!tel!BtlDc hSe

A6Dtctatte'SOnta atcna to .:qJsr4 tho ttJndepeu&slce u4

lntcc~l_. ot taraet, Johoaon asatai:ed the I81'8oll 'f'lattor to

•puraue vJgorouals- all pooalble ~tn.trcu" to koe,p .the atzel:ta

opeD. uownor, bo etr•eet &e nee4 to \Drk thl'O~ th• UA!ted II

uatto•• About the p~.,o-.1 to Sdtll u SD.t.-tlonal .na181

torce to ope the otrclts of fbut J'ob&WOu clarltled tbat

before auch a pm,i]OSGl eoul4 be eftectlve, ho 11&4 to 'bo llllN

that •CODtrress was on boartP. no una t;*:rtloularJJt espbatlo

on Ule n..a tor auppert ti'OJ1 COngress and the l*)pl,e. He told

:et:aa tbat he ,.. fUlly --.ro of Vhat thr• x-a• Pr•ld_. bad

saltla aut that \M DDt "VVI'tb ftvo cet.- 1t tho people ud

the eo»cnss dld not auppO!t the Ph0ldtl\t1 he tcJ~!aect.

J'oLnso~ urote tn hto ~list

I lm• fJOm blt1le wPVItlloe that tht alt•tJ.oa 110u'ld be WOl'Se lt the coasnaa etan.a •• •lll?JO!'tl»e Iarae\ aad then ro.a ., .. to tum tall aad run lf the go!ag go\ n-. ~ •-•• \tho bad b.- Sa the =· ta!'d viA • • south .. , ASia weN alreaqy loo · . to• a • ._ ce\lar1 ud % 414 ,., wu.t a ,..- \lon et •a. ta!At li-.J~t.-.se ID the Hl&D.e l~Mtt. Ul

Johnaon to1d ~~ Mt I.-.1. -..t be tll• o.no to b-.

the N&ponolbllltJ for ., eau.t ot ..-. 8 11Jao\ vJll •t

be a\cme t¥11esa it deolael to ao ale.- t he ompha.alalfl. 1'he

fHill.a.>.t aaaure4 the Ie!Nll vS.Iter tba' b.e wdld ita· eveyth~

a& ala., P• •·

• lbW.,

•

' cor.tdt hbadl.t to UJ apeelflo eo\'lr8e of ac'*• Be wa ~tlc on ihrea tellltaa Isael should,., resort'» terce to open the

Ot4t of ~ • eolat!ou aho\tld be to\11\4 pretea'blJ tb.iouah the

Un1te4 NatSoaet ua be wollld llO't within hia coutltutto.11Jm1to.

ObV!otllllJ the Presld•' we mre eoueeftlfMl about t::'tl4l

, :r-.ctlou vltbln the coasrees. After vl.-. he -. 110re $Qtl.o•

fn tAvelviDs hh countr.~ lA to~elcn advantarea. IIIOthel' poulbl.e

tacto•• o.t the lack ot bla lda4 ,.. the taer of OOilffOata•toa

vlth the aovlft Unlon 1n tbCJ lllddl• .. ,. .,.,_. Jdab.\ h

hle r•IOUt the Jare.otl FOrelan Mlntat• \1611 DOt •'latW vt.• J'obnaon• • ·~wt.tal antU'Gilc••. lt ....,. llel.lned that 3bNl

ho4 left the aMt!DG 41aappelate4. .PHil~ lob.DaoA wa lat• 18

rtPf)Jite4 to la'fe to1d bU aSdeat •J • .,. talle4• !lltr W'lll 10• •

••l•li&Zirr• .._rt.a that .rottann -. caat• .,.l*thetlo to the ta••• • -.re~MSa tD ..,_. tb•b ace••

• the aea ua -.. ~- te a\lppltrt 1- ~eotlv• Btl\ *• lt CI\Jle to tho orualal queet!oD ot taetlaet th• PIWlde',..

convlaeed tt•t a buty NtJOrl to moe lrJ tame\ wu1.• _, .. the rl~?;l1ta .a 1f!ODBI of •• oontro'MIIIf• B• wu repon.-. eaac•me4 that tarMl ldcht 3eopar41ae _. •t •• 8JSIA1lbf aal. • • .,,.rt tbat tt ba4 built tlP ln •• vatted sta--. .Tobuoa

lbl&.t PP. •·'- AltO •• .... ~ ao, w. a• .. ;8 ~-~ ••• P• ...._ 28.., lllfll.

• v'IO't• to teae11 PriM M!nlater at the bqtlnniDC of the Ol'laS.

*' •t f&IUlOt ae.e4JP\ -v respoDa!bU.Jt•• oa bdlalt ot the

Uldted ~•t• M •lt•tkius V1loh arlee as the r•ul' of a)

actSot.au ot~ wlch ve are .,, coneultect.•

ZD the 11\GD\Jmet s.ra•s. lrltGUittecco,.. NJI)I'tiA to ha\'8

l.ntotoeptM u. IGYP'.I8A oo-.-4 o.rde to o.Gtt et lta air toJ:Oe

unlta to brmg Jta p~stJou to the ~Jnt of ~41Deee to

ope otf..tve op.,.tSoa 011 ••· X.e41&te\r, th• lea.tl OO'ferra~Dt •ble4 tho lntoza'loa to Ju roqtp JUnJeter a ,.. thcan •S.t•S. \UIS.,toa, 1t1o In tua coavere4 tho -~••

"' ~

to the sconta17 ot state na.. !h...rte llll' ..,..,.,

n•tloral securlt1 A4Vlulr to the Preel~t, a..-ect tu ~su

A.tttaa•6tr ua ~14 hill b' taae1 tad. J.D.toaa\Joa tbat iiJP'

wu ao6a t.o attaok lt. lle -..a ttat tbSa Wt4.4 pat ~

Jn • •eertoue alt~atlou• .a ecet cabo to ••la• •Hlr-:'•tata•. llOWVGI't -- 68atlr04 ttl• illY,.._ -·--

tha\ lte wu.14 f.t.ap- upoa II!Ge\ :• - ...._ • eat '' would e1ao eDrol.O a.U•Ji'eatalat. sa.t-..-.,, •• ue ao .. ..._~ latoftlel the sowlet UnloD •111• o. auc .. lfU'p&laa

pSu to~ otteD~~lve actSoa ._bat xa••• h .. ..,.-.. tbM

PN~ldet lob»een atilt a --• to rrlll1 Mba.• lllftla

- Ji I II UIJ J. fl. I

. 33 s q;r:aat~ ~ovl-' co-opemt!cn hl ~ttn!nlllc the ~.ptSeu.

':heNapOa tllut sovln ambaU&a. .. Sn oal:o r~ett to u-ot• resJdtlnoft1 ,... bb& &u-Juc ~ houra or 111 Mar e4 oo.averea e. ••as• ttom the :;ov!et fitS. Mintate aaldDI fi411Pt tn

34 mlntaln •seU•control* ed •not bo thu t~ to Op.i.:.ll ~trot'.

!hls ,.. atatt4 b3 ncaa• h._Glr. AboQ\ the ..._. t!lae, t.be

'1ovlot l.tlbh ... r lD tel AVIV ba.dell O.tr an Q:ICGt J~GD8f~Ce

tzom xoa,cbt to the larruAS ~TU.tUnister, w.rns.e the lr et•

not to ~n to 81'1111 aad to find ~ to reso11e the ooJltllft

- •non-nl1Sta17 ef~Dhf•• •:rt Sa ecny to 1t;Dlte a rtro ·but

pnttln>z oat the t1••• _,DOt. bo AGArl, u •Saplo u tbOae 81

pJ.atbbe taaet to tbe bltlDk ·Of 14Clr", the DO\t a4alll, OA tM ambassador

-• akbt the a.tcaa/al.ao del.lvent a .__,. fiOil ~~~

toJ:moon to J:·riiDo lUnllter u.bko1 $al."1Dg Ja-.1 •• to ftsln

to Jd1tto.rJ aotton Nt4 \UIIDc ~tlllD.oe on I•-..t•• .,..._ !be

~•sage .alao ntte~atoa the p!Oidae •• to lA1M ..,_ ha.

vMhlDCtoD vtel' that tbe ooUtotJYe &dloA -.1.4 h '*• '-' ttL• arl\S. I*feftl• J'ohnaOA .In hk • .,. ... NDOne& to

ba'to eltel a •bl.e hG bad raoelve« ti'OII Ta~J~IA ..,... ht

the 1.lMil •uld como to the N80UG et A!ftbe U -.., ._..

II

N liM__.• Ml:ka•t !j~­s• a1Ao

as &mnlw .,.., • , .. ..,.

3G attacked.

• ~e •ope ~-- thu •de ttsutlc ettoJ'Ie to atop the

outbrEak of hoatlllttea 1A t;·•• &ala. ll'tat Ia ~lAe Sa

... ._ •,a.Ue'I.S... In \h&!r S»tor•ts in 'Ule MSG&e Bill' aact

their co-op.,.tlou ad eoltabcn•~Son to &cbl.._ th.Sr GOICDil

obJ eotlvee. fhe _, t the 9evtet UDSou aa the UDJtotl sta1;•

opeatod !u aplte ot thelr aberp ~11tlao1 dltt~• 4t.u.'1.Da

the CJ'Is!e v.ut quite rau1cable. lhfO' pettaJ* ~Sae4 the

ttlakll tllvolve4 ad deeiW to ~lnU, ~· the erlale.

As r2xm'• ldaslon to the unltt4 3tatee tal1e4 w 11'04Uoe

ear reaul.Ut Srlgadle Melr tat,, the h•a or the Iaaett.

Iatetllgenc• ~tn!"'lc• we ••t to l-.h~ em a • .....- llleelcm

to tlnd out to,r hS.•t the e.ttltaa. ot •• us oo•--•'• &tt• hte talks vlth tbe otflel&l.l ta the ,_tlcoa, Aldt ooDOla4 ..

tbat the UnlteC! atates woo14 DOt talle GDJ S..U.te aottea 1ID

rto!*l tho atstta ot !IJU. It. ,.. M\Sev..S .. , •tt• SubaetlOdlt ropo" to •• lllra.el.l GOYe,._.t e .. PH91l111M ., .oa to ,,;eabbgtoa •'rGQGUlenel the "'"• ealU.. tv~ ...

In the lut ... of..,, ~- .,_... a ••So• e--. oepe~ otttotel, vu .- • ca&a. z' .. ~ Ja\• II II I I I I J 1f . 1811

ttat Yost w.a uaal4e to meet Preoldtllt UQUer ud hJa

41scuaalou vlth the r~ptlan ottloiala 414 aot rle\4-. aa sl!:!nlrtout roeo.ltt. on 31 u.v, tho tJDltel states •"- ra

II

cmother attetpt to defuse the eS.Ja b1 utd.Dc· Bokrt IJldelaODt

tomer ~·~ of tho treu\U.'f 1n the :mlaanhower &aalnlat-.'loa•

vbo - In Cabe .. , that tiM, to 4la••• *' .. tJoa ....

u, ~eelplta'e actlon. In hla .... lrlc vltb I&Hor1 ADdeftloa

proposed b.l sa:rptlu vlc ... PNelderl\ abot.\\4 be ••t to

\~aahJAe'tol\ to a~tplala the Aab YltvpoJA• to Pftllltdtd lol•DIOJltt

.uu•w ae...a, ud oa ll J•o a ~~e~&~e .. ••• • Joh&Uion,

ott•.tns to ••ut Ylca-Pr•tt.Wtt ~al~Nta IIOb.ltMSa to t.Ultlaataa 'o hOld tala wlt.b. tb• .-..._ ottlolela. ...._.. etre,z-

aoeepttd ud the ~~hle441a•a •talt vu aolle$\1. .. •• ' 3--.

thla _. r.t aaothe kidloatlou or us ...s..tv to nltto• ••

tebiSoM In tlle ar-.. a apJ:te of us ·~--tloa• alaotat

n ... er, '.ablagtlll.1 trlot\ Sta beat to •to.bl.hh contaota vJth

th• !IIYPtlM 1ea4d In a blA tc aven ~1• ... Ill the ••avhlle, •• UDttecl ~••• 1a .,..,..., .. ,,.,

the tJ».l'.a E!.Dg$tla (UI) Dle4 to J'Dte ..._,loaal •DPP'ft m •rS'Iae {C*ftlt• 4ocleatien tbat wale! NU'fS.. la~ .. ,Se.a Nght ot ~· thJO\IIb •• atmlte ot u-. .. 'lflllt1 ,.

arJtblo pow_.. showe4 ur Jnt,.., Sa ,.. .. .,_.._ Ia • ert.la

38

that ldgb.t 1484 to e. controntotlon v1th Bauor ad the Arab

tfOrld. Uo~ dJ4 thei!Selbeh of the us COIJl:raes ¥10 vera COMt4te4

evJncett amr ~thualuta tor rlaklilc APDtber oontllcrt 1n ad4ltloa ., to vs---. It vas reportot that bF 4 tf\llet o.nlJ eJob\

countrl• Jnellldlar: tbe u.ntte4 Jtat•, the ut M4 Xaae\ bad

asnea. the otll.., ~'tile Uelbedeat11, &tWtaJ.ta1 Irtlaa4t nelat• AD4 n• ~.-Ja»d. Aocor41Da to one -~ 4lpllar' • • .., .. ID the Qab ootat~l•t there-.. DO support folt the

UB plan to ol'IUJae the SAtemat1otel tlottlla to so th10\11h the .. Gult ot tt*la.

a. th• Ur:J cUtAoatlc etteRs to thla a 801\JtS. .....

on the Mile ot collapee. Uelt.he tt oou14 lt .. ha ,_... to

r«Jps the G·ulf of ~ •r It '*I able to atop Jalthl ,.,.

gcbc abca4. vlth 1ts plua tc OpQll the at:altl on lta 0111.

uote4 hJato~JaD Darbaa 1\lebalD .Ue4 it 'the •ultS.te

patelpla ot pow_.. ~lblas the altatlcn u .. .,.., of

tJ."td#ln tor the Unltea stat•, abe vmtea 0 lf the Fr•U..t or

the unlte4 statea Qan *'• as a pr!Aclp'le that the Gu.\t ot a..- Ia • SDt.-tJoaal •tcear er! ._, • • ._,.. or

· I81Clelt. tblp~ je lll.-.1 ad th--.fte oo\ oDlr at •••

• to lmPl--.' tfle pnsctple but attmdbY 'SlbJlo It fa Y1ol.flta4, ._ ..... _... . th• •• Mft .~ r-.ebett the ultJaate .-alf•S. ot pow-.• Aecord!lll to *' aoatov, to_. natJc.:S s•nrtw &«daae to Preald«Bt JohAeo:t1 the ~elplessnae• ot both *he aupe pOVeft

ahoVecl bt .,_.,. :aolo1acor VOM lAo. 1»81tSon to latlwaoe the

course or wa.--ts k1 ~. 110lt.4, 11t1Sch he •ortbecl .. •• "t!lttuatoa ot pOW.-. no •Jtt lohuon t•1.& bar4 • taD.e4 to

koep XsaOl. tiUl lnltJatlDc hoalllltlea u I ·J•• a. llWltW1t

vu •• ,..._z-t.a to LAve .e lt ot•r to •• Ia10e\S ottlo..,._

ettbaeqt&•~ tatat he resrettact tbetr dMI81oa to 10 to -.r wl& ... .

theAalMI•

Aa 41ploatSc Gttorta to dettwe •• Ol'lale ... ••

rtel4btt oar reaaltt, the Iana.tl publlo ._.., .. u • ., · ,_._.. ven b.SD.S buflt to 'brJac J._.. .,_, th• h.., ot

the alai .r ot 1061 u4 • ~k, u the ..., .r..,. ~t-. with hls OpP'hltm~\ to the oablae\, a ...... .-.. Ia tiUt

lt'Qb-IaaeiS .-lela app-.N4 to bave -. r•cta .. .

fa the ._.,s.e, '' vaa d1l1Cloee4 Sa UIRIIItDa tbat tilt natttl ntat• sldh tJ.Mt taR to'ft .. W 141ft .-.. ,_

'•i&J.Da _.llllft'el Su the M..U....... Ja . .._, '' ._ ....-oe& that Ultt sovs• .-bJ.pa w1114 _. tbftQJh -.

•

DH~rous and r.ardat.Uea lnto the Medlt~-.n bet¥ .. 48

30 M&J ua 'lllllfh rhus, llblt otutea ua o. borde lneldet

srw Into a tull•bl.ovn Jut--.\Jcu.lQl eJal••

*• ...u .. ••Ju t.te' arlppe4 w•t iela toJt -·

•

"**' •a Ute fevetah b\llli-U,p of rume« f'oi'C• on both the

ala., culal•te4 ln the oat~ of v.ar t.tw .. Iaae\ on the

o»e -.d MA the Unltt4 uo Bopubllo, $fda 8114 to~ OD the

oth•• · Xxl ~. •141 born"~ ot 8 I•• lMf 18tet\t. •'tlackel

the ZCJptS. 'alr.flolbt Mlowe4 t11 allallv atrlk• ap.J.Mt

srrtaa aad 3or41t.Jllu aSrbU•· 4estff)Jt.c -- ot the abc!att

on tbe CJOua4, aad .ortppllD£ the •r ••tae ot the .A••• t¥11:b.IA alx •ya tarao\ aableved • coq~..-e aJ11•17 vletoJ7

ove ltu uab opponeu\8. ou ln\ ... tllla data aa. bJ the

vrlt• of the us COMCll on roreip Re\a'lou publlcatJoa,

Jlabat.•• Ji litdl AUIID •• wu tba.' tbe awsn taaetl •teton ha4 pNVcte4 tho orS.S. hom , .. ._ Into a 80'fl_..

....._.. oont»ontatlon ut• I~• boalotllatl.e ooueqaCDO• r.tt the na't ot ~• w..U. Aeaor4lac to hbl a ~r ..... et the 0~, te the qdok taadl vlct;OJ7 I&Wit sa to .tflelct

tJaiPifllt atd1N1 l•4•aMp ua I"'IUtta4JDe !ftht!D; -a-.l.,tt•

ot •• t.aell UJ~td. fo10aa *'* ..... •• to vtn a el.~ e\\t •4 l.eoS.lYe allltan 'fle1so17 ow. tbeb eoabJu&d eataaontete

ta the bl'l.t apell ot dx .,.. A PJO\elc .. Sbaai1a •Ill

clos~ at(,jled a~ttagonleta would suroly mv• placed both

cupnr rowers tDder h•'f1 ,Presnttre to take aetlo.o. ·hl &Qpport: of . #II

their l'Oflpeettfe tavour!toa, ho aJIUe&. Oae aJ.cb,t U we11

a~ue Ulat the uol'e4 ntat• -. ~e11 Nllwed. b1 the avltt

tal'Mll 'fletor.~. 1'he cone«&ueces of taael.'a c1atat •t44 bavo

beea tU•at.:roaa tor tbe J'ohaeon A&d.nJstratlon. 1'here -uld

U...ve btten a t:rctllell&lWJ oletii'K'lr tor tlle us Sntervat'Soll on bebalt

ot ·ta·rae\ ad that mlgbt bave bi'OUI]lt a eollf'l'Ont&tloA vlth the

:to•let ua!ca. j)J the Cd of the .r OA 11 J'Uile 1967; tbe taJUla. WN

!n ooeuJWltlon or tho etln cltJ or .Teftlll-, tbe ~'•' Bellk ot

.Tol't1Da1 the oa• atrlp, the rshal P•Juu1a1 the 1baiD el-sbalk

and the GolaD Holcbta. *Y&»t' • l.Oea• ,... 110th.lllg 1HI t.bU

ataggarlal. tt .. .tS.ht tbat the &IU nat• ha4 wt UfXll • .,__. tb!Dga, • •'tate<! oae bSllSu. ct:lllan •* ot sovtd ldlStarr cqul_.ut <•n t10a the~· u4 u.u

a•tm1t& em the gl'0\11141, .ab ot 11hldl 11a4 taU• Jata the •• • ot the tea•ll• D tM •tSatect tba\ the WP'Jr -• ••• ton u -ar • too tuu M4 340 collbat abaat'- -·late

a6al\t..S that aariDI •• •• dap or tkhtS.. oa the ..,uu

tftllt, hta ume4 toJ!Ca bad loat lDtOOO acn u.a 1,al0 offlcere

In addltltm to the 51000 meD ud. 500 offloera tafMl ~.., 80

bJ' t4l.e tsraGLS..

tloflbe twu1 SD h!e llatbe '*' o1alae4 tbat llafil.l

attacks on :;m•ptJan •J.rt1ol&t ,_.. Grt.ftleC1 Sn tt10 vav•• ns the

f!nt w.ve a at.rcran took ~ _.. l1 rtypttcm alrt!el~ ven

a'tt;eokodt 4eltJG:~!Da 1t11 ,Pl.u• • 1£8 on the ground .8D4 8 ta

the aerial tattle. ne ·al8o olalllett to sve ~ eb &g;v~Jaa all'lle\U. J.llopombl.tt at\ pat elx adllr atatJou 4Mlt

ot aet!oJJ. In the eeooad. ••• 11M X..e\1 p'lu• putlcl,Uel

ua •taok.e4 14 alrtaa• 4elttor1De 'Jill ii1P\IU a!Haft.

/iaeortllaG to lWGAt Ilm.Gl. lo.t n plle\a. or tb•e als "we td11e4 (6 Ia the tint wve u4 oae SA the •eoond 1Mft), tuo

'*• ,r-t.,..ero .a .... wtrA4e4. tbt tow. D1Jibe or plu•

l.oat bt la'J'ael waa put at alae, on tho ether bud SCJPt len

tUoe qtDI'tere of lta drforce l.e. abou.t 306 et tile C&l p'LaD• A

BUP' pOOI•o4· oeo~ Yltlbak Jablnt \he th• Chltr ot awt, .a lUe

ilrlae Hlnlater ot X.IIMI., lS.tel *• toU.WIDC atatt~~lo pS. u a .. tat ot hJa eotatayta YloWif'•

fhe PJ.-W&\ .,.rdWIJ .,_ &loa~ .,,....,. .._...._, ~-- •. --~:::· ... , ......... . :a..a~·· -----:-lltW~--• balftel 184 ............ . 't?tS11110 s.tr• be ...... to elldt., IIi .•

- ¥.111*111 ' -·

t

81 .... tlriWUt ... IM II iUI o;oa-, .,., • Ph ... 1.

!be llstaaea t1om tbe 1fepU. bOl'de to !A lt1'9 ,.. oaoe130 k1lolletrea.•4 cmb 80 klleaetsw t1oa tbe 0.. ati'Sp. Dd the ~. 1'lom •• l»r48h oa; the ea»a1 todlr to calm Sa ·emil" 13) kJl.Oaetree. Do ala...,. tfta our boJIW to calm ,.. oaoe aolllethlas ov• 400 ldlolletr•• toatrt tb• t\Satueo fiOil the BUpttu lerW • the ..,_ to teA AY1Y Ia 400 Jdloa....... U

•

!he ~Jan blootade of tbe Gulf ot ACl_. ... 110 doubt

the •tlaah point• of the Cl'laia or lM't. Iaael bad, of aoaree.

all .a\OJ\R 'boeD u ve JOM to the ua'b81 U6 the ••81&1. lab

oov_....w baG =~tlbt«D.y l•t 1Qppo8 to guernla aJa. 1at:o

xaael. ~he ,.ulteJtt taa..-z.t re1altaton sua Into &ab

terrl1;ort• sMiled. 1iO ••• '*' Bua• SA • --.. .... pealtJoa.

Panlou.1Arl1 after tsl'Ae\J •14 oa --. .. oa 7 &prn, A~&be ln

gonoal u4 lo~ ea4 SJ .. Sa Ia parttcula• cbui..S Ulat lialae

vu toJDc aotbJag to ao•t• the Xlraoll •r••*• !her ••

aocue:.uua• ~r l\14111 1Mtlta4 the UalW Natlou p•oe keeplllc

to~. ~Ja abo uke4 ... _. to honour h1a eoD~l1allltl •

fight tamel. "'• :raso'L •threattllt4.. anSa vltb rerSaLa,

uua• bad ., oPtion "*' to so to the uaS.tuce of ansa. 81 mDY.IDI llJa ._ toaee Stl 1h• 4e!llt\Qlul sen• ,.., .. 11r the

.UifnP, .... pJObab.\? b0pe4 to pre-espt taat&te &ttaot ... ._t ansa. xuttlaltr1 he app•re4 • ••• •••e& a 4J.p1acatt.o

v1eto1.7 ov.- tuafl. Md •th• wat .. 111v .. , l*'tloula1'1y t114t

t.Jl\lte4 ntat•• new P~•••4 that taae\ willA .. , ft1Jt~~~•

the blockade cr ~rt to toree. wltb the GMUJUoeu of po11tl.t

e.att dlplotatlc anai'P'tl"t tJOII th• sovlet uaJo.n, ua the pr~

tkm of the Unlted :ltatu vlth the VleUtarl wr, ..., .. -. e=b01deno4a4 ;rola'blr bolf.l¥11e4 that the tiM J.d. coae tor a

show(J)wa vlth Itrael. Even~ nuosdc, ,_,ad Ae¥• .tolae4

ha41:J 1rtltb. BUae and bact •de hla COUiltl'f a olt• •to'- ot the

nutted ~tatea, tboueht It pNclc' to •te .b.to • defcoe treat)'

wtth ::?OP't bect.tW~o he fJ:Clebl¥ oculd •t feel ••an ot hla

poaJ~lon JA hle ocnmtry it he 414 .not abOv aol.Jdllrltr with ••• A.ro.ba ks. theJr oppos1tSon. to Jaset.

!be .AIM oppoaJtlon to Iarael lsa4 alaloat: Nllc to•

011e:tonae. 1'1le bl3Mtic• a:.&le to th• PaleatlnJua Ia lDa

and tbe hwdllatSon th., theaelvOG had sattertd at •• Maal

of taael.la _. stn1 rr.- Sa their tu~.na.. a_. eMl4 _....,

,_..ono!1o til.-elvae to the cdflt.ce ot lsl'&tl. •• .. a-.. the blrth ot baol a oataoae ot u ~Ia' p\0' te 183Uiate

thet oace acaSn to HGit-ttJil eolonlalS.. luMl wa al• ftl&rded

u a "bON" Of w•tea cult_.. a4 .u.t-., pew• lulu ••

AablaDd. a •. _.. vlev.t tare.t u a_...-...,..,. the &abe

Ja the JUt U4 th• v•'- In eo,_, llall. ..... ..._.. u a

•bu• and a 18ft!_. Ja •• Ml4414 _,

on tho othe bid tho laaelJa t...S. to ...-. tale

erlsla ea a queetloa ot lite a4 •*• .. aaila'eal oloaan

of till• OQ\t of _,. ,.. cbaaoteS.ecJ br leael .. a aot ot be\llc..-ce. .. 00llflla.n4 It to lJe • arbt\..., U4 ..,.t a•CJ' teo brl»c at11ut • v&ntal ..,_ or • Mtlo.n wlth the

1\t,... ob3eetl'f• ot tbelr obllteatJon. a. llrP'Su aotla

let 8l\9J;Ol't to the Zlael.J. contention tbet neu• aaa hJa

ttllov AabJ vare -~ to vl»• Iaae\ off the asp. fhlJI

tho otmhonWt.,Jon between the .AJreb8 atl IaJGella had asa11184

r41 the &111era arad cberacterbtlos of a "!Iol.1 we-. Cbarl•

Yost tRalel Up the ...,_IM&ell poaJtSona aa toUCIMIIt

!he tuaetla, t..,.S. • ...._ .... be1..-gtlfti11Jt fiftY Jdllton hoatO.e ntSt;bboUNt acutel.:t couelous Of tb·e HO.\ tate Of sb allJ.J.oA :fWII til ::OJ:'. belJGYt4 81§ aiiAltleaDt coac.,.Jon woul4 ttl-' tua•ta14• lab appetltte aaa staR ts!Ml --the ellppetr llop-' to «tdlnotlon. a. &al:a loaldaa apoa •• enet4W.•' ot taael. a tile latel' b a ••l• ot llmerlallat oooupat!oM of' tlelr lloM1.u4, of tasleb t.be p1'118eaoe ot a IISUJOA JWJ.eetlao r.tqr .. wa a ooutGt reiD4,.-, foua4 1' tiiOtS.l\DllJ M4.1J611\S..llJ' JraoadlAe 1111 aocept laae\ u a .-~•• taot ot lite or to tO!It> MI'UIIac it aad oo•phlec acaS.t lt. 16

*• ... , .. llaell vlc\OPJ sa•• a aba"erllc bloW to

the t~•'* in g..-J. 8114 nue• Ja ,utloulal'. R JMW •

lf fCJpt .,.. uot •• pr8J*Ht tM "'• 'tlll1'• n _. • ctHI1tt a aedoUJ at•oaleulatlon em the .-~ ot -..... Be ,_._

b411.le'ft4 tbat the ""''td natJo»a 110u11 pUU ...-. 81'11 1a..,.s. apM't WO•• art1 •• eoult.\ ••r• a GMialve 'Viotol'f .a larllot

a ....... aat•t. •• H .Ue4 toW' the vltb-IA\ of tbe

m1 "*'VI fftm SS.l Pataeulat -- ptobab'll 414 •t tbWl

•• m wu.\4 ooaoea. hla a.n.., • qtd.cklJ. tbe ._ IIIJP'Sea ...... r 'tD theUDittl ,_, .. , .. tala IIFL1t tr44 ,_14-.t

Jtb.-m !Ate t:bat ·ht.a GoY•nriM beA bote~ Ua\ 1! a.tt ..act

66 pl.a)r to~ tS.. once the til . t~-oopa vee vlth4l'a11Dt hS.

barpb.llag t*lltlon became vuy 11ml'4

r~ohN!Jme4 Helllal attr1bate4 the AIU det•t to toe

bul.eJdetU••

tb&tb, ve otttD aQJ •re tho.n ve aot-.111 meu, thus the ca118 to Ol'Wib, JdU eto. OftA r1q • lnt-.-tJoaet sUps-~ beoa•• each ltlotorle taneto~ ou.r glOrious ati'QB~:le into a .., blood batb.t!•• saaon«b' tho tab ••• ,.. •' con"Snchlgq. pnacte4 to the outal&J vorl&. ue. be1.1avt4 tba\ 1;;ba l•lt~ ot our ... ,_ \llloh wa olWlou to •..t _. GllOrdl to OO»Yiioe athena ••. •• fb.Src.Uy, •• u.ve t•do4 to .-14.111l relatlooa on th• baala of b1aek GAd wllh• vlta-oll& _, rc&rd to otb• ooloaJfl. we a.\ ...._ atead that onlr 004 _, tau llls 8ttJ!Wilta vltb t1o a1tei.Ultl9tll_• a.aae or IItillt••• PIM:!!(1 . ve ba•• mot tded to aiAtaJA c11reo' D4 tfteo lYe contaot vlth the outaU.. w!U ac-- lA ,_ ot •veaa, oeue;uenUVt oe tore!gn ~101 Sa on.­percelve« bJ otbera u ·~d.lit u4 DOJ)ItatSoael.. M

ne oleo aplalae& the wlf\ *Dd ...... tasfAl vlotottl• t1

tllreo ftmtllllenta.t tacus

• r u 1 I • , •t

•

:'he ln'let Aftl'b-l#m.ell WI-' isfl a tr<1:1oo6ous tcpa.c' Oft

the Ulllte& ~'•• thla ._. only to ,_,, «*Poote4 hl a eount17

whlcl1 bad eoao tc belleve tbat • apecf.all t-el.atlonshl» oxlate4

betvoon tal't.et a.nd itself aad that Jt bad a •at o'bllttatlon to

CQtu'e the stll"ftval of the Jwbh state. M th• eveuta Jn thle

tnce4.Y U3f'014-'t ·the JolUMtOn !4=lluJstatSon vu oal1e4 upoa

to O¥Olft Sts reupOnae, rhe acmtlmo.nt.a ftPrt3StKl ln bOth the

Howtea of cons,rogS s~Gd u u. lllport:.ut Jupttt ln the

to11da,sou of tbe ~aeJIGm reapo•e.

Aa the crlo1n dGYcilopod, A.~ volcee wore a1ao4 bl •

bOUl tbe neuaoa ot couaroee aa11Sa; upon tho Oov•H •t to take

ot:tf;.'Ctlve ...,nru to aet•d tsael aa.a pree .... p•oe Ia w•t uta. A ~artt• nutlber or a.-ton ~tacect •• oloMJre ot the tJdf of Aqaba U4 sllta oa tho t.adnlatat!oa 'to ..... laaelt

aCC818 to the ataltl ot Yltw1. !l .. ter Jacol> JaYita (R.1 liJ.)

a conaSator~ au;·po"• ot ra:a• bl.Awed the Rw.alua ttr tzae ... Isle ult WN'Ded •• .tta.lnl&ttmlora tta~ the ~1CY1e\ unJoa ..

•Jpalculat~ that the us WH\4 •t '- ab1e to tUlt11 Jte

nsponaSbUttJ• •• oblbtlone •••-.. bece.ua• or Ita

68 Snvo1v.ent 1n tho Vlotnam eourl.let. AmDc thole14lo aav tbo

Ruasbw hand b1 the artsls ware ··~.,.tor fbOJBa :»M (D., COllll.)

atl :1et».tor HarJ7 ll1r4 trna., 111 .• ). t4111e :»44 aalt'l that th•

cl'lala wa not •• In c-dro tat SA Mosccv, ~.-tor D)'r4 opl11e4

that the novlet unton wae .,, ltkdlr to pe=lt an ..,. eettle-• mont of the probl.-. a .. tor WSUS. A.lialTJ.aoD (D•t B•3•)

\lllllted the UDite4 atat• to honou Ste commitments to te••• ne sala tbat us ahou.\d. ntnlae lta rlgbte as a arltiM povd

and Sebd ablpa tluo~ the Galt ot Aqela. SlmJlaZl7 PJO•tllmoll

views ven expnsae4 by s .. to• WJU ••• (D.1 On.), s .. tor 10

r~aeat nNebl& (D., A1alla) M4 s .. to.- Bvah seo• ca., a.). oa •• otbe hand a Jare• ntabe of ...... ,..ttlfl the

nnttoa ~tat• to vert throt.teh tho untt.a BatSona. s .. to.

ual.te tiOnctalo (n., BJDa.) a 1tbtil81 !llt»Oft\t aad cUIWlU,O

Vlcewi'reala.t of tilo mdte4 ntat•, aGUtM\ to• Sat ... tJeneJ

action to prevent the octbr.:t ot .r. StlatoJ- s._. z:.. .. <n. ...... , aDOthe» vel1 kuOW llbaml ........ tllat .. 1Jdttl4

ntateo atsOuld rfiL1 ... on the 1.1n1te4 :uatloua tos- the ~-­

et the oollt.I.Set. lle .,_ 11t111•1Sell that • hilb lwtl 48\t~Mtea

abeu14 bo a•t to MO•cov to tb.d a aolatlo.o • the erl•le. fJl

fi.-k t:alorltr laaW Mf.I&G Jfa&18tle14 (D., ~'-l wbne ltiDIIClr .

oppoabl uv unllatuel -..:1•--' Sa itle oriala plaoel ,., • .,

eapbute on ao'lon thto..P the tJalt.a aettona. ue tavove&

•• Mll4L t.lll. I. • J:stsr.a•lawa& And bte..:&r .-Stm), wl. ua (196'1),

n aaa., s. ,.., • ._ a. ,.., • au., s, ~JB, .. "*'- .. .,..,. A lbtt., I• ?Silt B. ,_.

• ttllll.tllatet'81• or •coUeetlve" ac\Joa to r.o1w tAe tWS.Jt.

rnttd.WtSac11 the s ... t. mS.rJ.or1ty l•de Ev.-t nlrkiOil

(B., %11.) oleo ~lecl upem the t1Jllte4 Jatloa to ~ Ita • r!ghttul role Jn •lllta.Jublg p•ee M4 atablllty Jn the .,...

the Qt.jorlty ua tlle m.lllorlty 1•deft r.oelveA fJltbuaJutlc

SUppOrt to their ean ror til tnh!atl•• boas ..... z.w. Nln'laht

(n., Ark•H the povetu\ ctlalJ~tU of the ~--'• PO'fetaa Re1atloM

cOtl'dttee. uotn• tanuentlal scsator rtoberl "• x~• (D., u.-r.) "'Bed the aov....._, to explore th• ,o.albi.Uv of

emblJebJD& •· uatted Natto~ •• patrol to ~~mate~ ,.••••• to Ytotels or aU -.tlcDA, thi'Oagh the at1t1Sta ot ~~ !he

wL to• Ul JOle uu ellppont4 bJ' _, •n •--to• IIM'4ad1Dc

a .. te~ GlalliO .. :r.u tn •• a.t.), s--.to• o••• '• ••• (D., tta.), · a .. tor :oaopb C1ull (D.t •·>, seaato• ao-... a. ea Hlclc.-1ooper (Lt to.), M4 a.aws- thoiSt ll'llbtl (L, ·aal..t)•

Be110Yd, •• ._.tors utJl.ta• •• oppnt •ltr to lata:aoh

0 tJtDttl attack oa the t .. t~~Sn,..tmtloa 1ft lta ~awJ:t•d Ia

~ ••Jsn """• s.-tor !.}\tart ,.,... .. ca. ...... ) .. ..., etCtiAl ot hla ecnmtrt' • •v• .-s-.- uoa4 •• clat~te 11114

hop .a that the r~te:ratAS 4lsp\1te 'VOa\4 at ••u 1 • • •"-

of •llate1'Al ou.oea roar •• Vlllto& ato••• "Velltlne a.. .-lWi -.na.-...t lrlt...,eolaa aaa 1 _., tblak we lboal4 10 •

wa• ttU t ••n• II lb14. t I. 7318-».

• tbla., s. Ml ....

.. lbl&. ••• ftl"nl. • lblt.t •• ... .. .,.,., •• 'IG4t s. 7'411.

ullatemllr't th• 8a;ctor a.ssortea. t~nothut prollSDSlt ~Cl'at 66

!!GDator John ~teuab <n., l!Sast..) \fl\} latel' b~ ttl.• cbal!mll

Ot the ~tl*te Amu4 S~lc• Comttlttee alao O'q>r•ee& bla 00114_..,

over the tact that the 'Oillted •ltatc.e bad over.tendtd lta

QOtflt~a In 4lftGI'-. tarta or the wrltt. e.e s.atow . fll

~Jaea. UJat •• • • ..,. flh0u1.4 v• so It .......-. ae eenthtent vu •• tonlblf ftPl'e&JJel bJ SOP&tor llUald Rurtaet

(D.• Ga.)· ~ ot tho o .. te Al.'llfl4 senlc• aoa:d•toe. Stllatol' EQl88el to14 NEOR• that be-.. •1na1t .. bl1" OPJ!OIIt4

to - at!lat.eral .lat.wen,lou SD the MIA&e .,._ _._..

action tm tdgbt take, he eald lbo\l\4 be a4$Dateeelt -a. muttllatr ac\lon ehoa.ttl be aultJ...O.tllatGII81•, .. ·--&­.... , ...

1'be _._.t .. 4 In tile s•t• ,.. \bat the tJal\el

nttt.tGS abcQ\d a;tt cot Jnvolve4 In •• KJ4clle ,_, .s.s., 1-.t

eboU14 aot throug!l the Ulllte4 Jtattoua, tttlle I.....UV atl;;)portJac the lCblnSatrt.~iol1' s atant! on the Ol'l•la1 the aGDatora, vlth the uperltDOe of V!etDU frtlb Ia th.S. ..._,

a49ooatod a eao.t;loua approaab. .Utbougb ......... ftl'

\)at the aovSei ~loll _. -Ja41roctlut It .. , ...._.,, tile

.-. ot tbe •Sala1 fCIU ,.,._. aar <WADIIM'-'* vltll lie­

•ltb all. ltD cUsutlOut coaleQUBc•• OD the OOAtJNJ t llW

ne:oclift.'ta 1t.te !,.__. leAe4r atresG.C •• •••• to!' •fiOUI'tlll tbo eo-opaJ:at!on of 1;he r;ovtet Ull1on for&. zae•InSon ot ••

G1 Dddt, St 78l1t

· " 1• Jlr.lliRM• a&.., lSG7. • au., e ,., 19G'I.

odata. ro• oven v-.\ to the .tent ot lrlu.nehJnc en attack

on mt bvolvsont Sn lndooh!Da ua wma\ against tqo repet!t!on

of VleUaa. Bo doubt nome oGtJators telt so onraeed b1 the

oloour• of the Galt ot Aqaba, that ttl<fl -.nted the U'n1te4 (ltatea

to use force to open the Gult. nat, by ad large the opJnt.cn 1D

the sexate •• tho.t the ~lets dleuld not bo allow«\ to cot out

otbaadt

Anal- a two hour brtef!Dg of tho nf.IJate FOreign llalat!o.u

eomt.t1u.te bf the r;eerotar:.; ot :ltnto noatl 11U8kt ~.-tor rulltrJ.rllt,

tho coualttee Cba!S!Sll, aal4 that tb.o e!tuatlon we a •ctasslc

CUe" tor the tJntte4 llattona to hu4lo. It wa 110, he sal«t

beoaa.ae of the •mul.ttlat8181 latereste" !n the u• and the

llkc\Sbood that e.n outbreak ot war betwoal Ie:ao1 and the Arab

states would elrxJat c.-tabdy •bring 1n the ta~l' povora• • lrul.brrlght also salt\ that l:U.Wk llad c1v~ oo Snaleatlon tbat the

soviet trnkm ba4 eucoll1'81e4 P~ea14ent Naase. no ststod that

the r:eorotar7 ot stcte cUd not bel.leve tbat thoro ,_. _, 69

cew'ioctlon betwoan VletMA aDd tbe Mlddle Belt. 1'he •eoponso ot the aep .. GDentatlvea \1U rathe llltferet

tc. _,t!onal Sc.teulty hem tt.oao of tbe aot~ators. .Utbo~ the

nep~ctatlves supporte4 the P:'«Jlldeutlol stateant, thC!fl ven

yJsfbly mre tmltatod aA4 fiO.ct\1 !n daman~ otoru. actJon agalnlt

ue~~er, the vetexu uw York JCIIlab Collai'GG:n:wm auu.1. c.uer (O., n.:r.> .a In tbe toreheu ot tho movo to mbnlae anppon

tor Iamet. ne alone vlth l08 mtPh.,. or tho Ilocae p1ott;o4 to ,apport ~tfJfer actltn _, b9 Deees8817 to rosl.at anressJoD

71

70 against Isaet• • Geller vbo lla4 bGGn a llf'al.oDB ~!on!at v.. natuat:U:; 1n fa10ur of tbo Ualted 3tctet goblg an out fo1! taael.

AllOtbGI' Hepraeentatl<te hom New York J'Omltilu :Jlncham (0.1 n.Y.)

tiU octucllg vocal !u L.ls StlJnJcu•t of tan.~.x. ;~nppOrtod by ~ ot

hb co11ear:~ueu the nw York !>IIIOC'l'Gt ana a lalot& lew!dfl pl'Gtagonlat

~t•4 tho l~adnlstmtlon to tell l!aaser tbGt the United ~:totes ?1

vonld J~Ct pol'rJlt the Amba to •arne ta•e1. lntio tho sea•.

U0\10\10~, ~;.ere Vft'e OtbftA'$ the tU!"CGd the l,;OV~t to

enlist the su;;L"Ol"\ ot the c;r•t ;;.ovara to f!Ail a solu\loll to

t:t.e orlala. ~re:::ost enons •• .a CODGr.se•a !boNa &. ltol'lu

<n., ~.), ctlaJ.ttsan ot the coadttoe o.u FOrelen AttaiN. Ml'IU

1Ska h.ls eount~t"t hl the ~--te dld not blame tbe BGa8kma to•

tha cr!aJs,. on tho othe bUd ho \lmtod the Alllnlatatloa to

aak the eo..opefttloP or the a3Cr iOWera ODd .-. the ••tao;&•' pe~S'bla d!ploatle .taeasu~• to prfl\f.t the o~ ot _,. •

~,Jllle moat a-.tors were onutlot18 ablata accuaba the

'!ovlot unJon or boblc the tmJtleator ot the 'IODl'Ao, aaa •1tP1'•-' tbe hope that lfOICOW would ooo,..\e Ia at.ntaJnlJtc

p•c•· lOB n~eutatlvea ., lAet\:efi theb eDpport te !JtJ~tt.a\

•q•retr l;)l.aaed the ;,;ovlet mtlon tor the elele, BUt, lt,.. aladlleaat tllat evtD lA the i-.ou.ae there ... DO oJaaear tor

a ~.net us •Sntewetlon• on 'bciltllf of ramo\. 'lt _,. • theN

.,.. atreno on t11 JOle or ttmuttDataral" action to solYe ••

70 u,·'Ja ;o-lc'&l BftUt wl. 118 (1907), n • ._.. fl. lbta •• u. .. ,lt .... n. tV2'1.

ff£ l'bl&.t B. -·

,.. pl9l:i1.em. !he RevrGGentatlven, nt leMt sot1c or tbr..., rudnded

the A(k::lnlst.ftltlo.n ot Vl~ &abQ.cl.o a$ a -=IDe ap.s.r.' aa, . fa

•JntorvS'ltlontet• eouraa 1n the !~ts:e.o\! d!apute.

~ Close • -.:preaael acatut us sat .... tSoa .. tos&Jl Proald•t !:!laenh01ter. !Ie oppoaod ttan.v amttateal ·Jot-.

-.1fl\tSon• as he tolt that lt wou\4 be a selout ldateb to'l _,

at!on to ~ a. "lone baad" lu trJSac to reeo1Ye the A.ab.

ta:rfu~\l controtltatlon. FOrmer Vlce-PrtsldGGt1 Rlebar4 lfbmt

a probable Republlce.o PX'tslt\olltal CM4Jdate for •• _. ealle4

upe» the us to "reo!at• actlv-elr the uao ot toNe •ltb• br

:tarael. or the UrJ\ in the Mlddl.e iMt cJ-!aJa. Ue Ml4 tbat us had bee eomttte4 to a pollou ot keep~ the peaoe sJaoe the

f~ aez crla1o of 1966. "~be put record of the 11Dit4td Stat•

sboald clve Pa.tllo to tUW potent Sal aaaresaor Ia •• n•r .. ,. t ,. abon u•mea. nelson '• nocketoU•t thel\eputilleu OovOI!ODr

ot new Yoa, u\d a PnSl&ll'Sal. e.splamt, epeaklai baton the

Un1t•d J•lah ApptJ\1 (W'A) sald tbat the uat•.a Stat• .. ,

"•PP~t"* tlflDt•• actJon w.s neceef18!7 to •Satab t1le IDM~rltr et tamol ad r•toro p-.oe In the Jll&D.e _._ ...... po'etla\

BepnblloaP ~-14a4tta1 c&netldato OOYezDOJ- lllOrald Bepa of

ctltf'Ol';;i!o. 4eelared that tho rtal "'tlllaln• of tbe Ml44le Belt

\11.\r -s the ~•Set tJDlon •. novover, oovamor Ceo11e .._. •t

73 lbt4., U. 8167, u. 6lflt He ~-

74 I•Drl 111•· 24• • Mar mer.

ttleblgau, :ret &IIOtbor ~tentlrl. contender for the 11eptiblleab

t~resltleutlal. nom!Jat1on1 toot. o cautlous appi'O&eh• In a

stu:tcent the oover.aor urcoo the aovommen' to contlaua to wol'k

•eul.tb.atealtr thl'OU$1 tlle W and vlth other a~or PQ\1018. to

atop tho tlgbtJDc u.d asuure pollttca.l ln&tpllldenee ad 71

teft'ltorla1 Satc~tlt:/ ot dl stlou Ill the area.

'iltoe1it for ROa&nGJ ¥lo •• ADt a VftrJ swloua CCUldl{Bte

to~ tbo 1~•14•01 t the othe prolablea of tbe OOP vero tOre

vocel Sn thelzt su)ptrt ot Iaraot. smce J!J6fJ PrealdQLltJal :aee

was mt tar ott, the orSela pro'tldod u op.-rtgp,JtJ to tile

proapootlvo OtUldltDteo to provo their eoWlltmout to the •••

Ot larael.. ~hls Sp(Aks of the Jnportanae Of t.he Z Ws.h factor

1n tho lr.mol'loan pollttea.

Ia-.el reeetvea at~mag aui!l!OX't tmm tile Gbateh1 the

Snto11t:wtt¥da ud the lab0nr1 BODe ot the Q)• .blpt11aat

aogt:Gllts or the t.merlcQn sootetr. ~-' aomn Qatbolto,

p"tOteoto.nt ontl Rtmslu ortboltDx ratJgtoua l•dea ap~tta to

IT<m1'-tll1t Sob'liJC-r. to llo.nour blerlcan cowltm•' to IDdepe&Jftoe

cmd tnt~rlty of Bme\ nnd u,bo1d Its- rlgh' of --•• Cb.loush

tbe etmlto of flrrm.. 'l:be C1lueh 1cedeft 4eclare4 that "'lC ot

conaelenee flUSt aot r=.aln •ll•t at ~~!a t-... ManiA :LutllOI'

x:J.ag 1 tho lead• of the Cl'fll Blchta Mov-.' -. UDIII bee ,. ,jSO alt')led the ato.t..._ A luc• a.._ ot AD..s-

Unlt~l~ ~f~on .:Lao alcnecl a 4«Aaat!on deJ:c&ftdlal

'76 l:tllt\11t'tAP JIISt 7 JWJe JIJ6'1.

. ,. lll a• DIM• m t., *"•

" tbo.t the us abot44 talco atepe to •« the blocka4e.

Geors• MCIUQ' 1 the intbldtabla Pr•ldt.at ot Ule Aaorloul

redttratlon of Labour ua the C()J.'t(treaa ot fndwst~Jal Orpalatlou

(A!1i-C10), &wlorillod the ~viet t1Jllon aa the ttaaar•aoz- aa4

•ld tbat Iamol. sa 110t the oAJ.J •tara•• ot the govtd

eaar«ulton. MeiU:Wt a rabl4 aatt~S.t, •aect tbat the

heeaot: ed a.curlt)' ot the UDltel 5tateo ud the entire fltae

voll4 Vffl'a the r.:l ua tho fhlrd t&rgeta ot the ~Sa•

earetUttoa.

fhe Hllo,toa of the preoa, cmother .,......_, ~pat of

torelail ~1t.CJ dec1a!cua •• not Vfll.7 II1.0h cUffertDt 11011 tbat

ot the consrom or tlle aGll81'81 .PUblic. oo1wml.at .r-.. a•=

conct«ulel uaaad • •rec14ed _.lll'fNI. ua 4•cr1bac\ ••

b1ockac1e u Jllesal. n• lSke .-, othora ••e•tcd tba\ the ttnlt84 ~tat• flbou14 4rJterc1se the right of tfte p&Sfllle 'by

" aentllae lhlpe tJU'Oueh the ataSta of fllaa. .l t• _. latert

R•ton retarDC!d to~· tbse agaJa. OD tbSa ..-.loa he'*'

to.-r« u un\lltal a~tast that the sovset nas.. -.. I.Doeastng

t:ae preesve ln the MltliU.e :•t b. orilelt 1lo torce a aolutloa Irs

VSetrM. Heald that tbe tm tiM ao l&wo1v.t 1a Vlt1trlaa vltll

•" thU MU~·a.•ll11ou .... oowl,, .. Ia t:Mts vv1 tbat tmml

t&t that lt ooa14 mw rSek or •• Mb.l•• •• ucSea.t auaetaa

'17 XW4.t ., .. m&7.

, 1 wtiM'i9' ""' 1 :-. l887. ,. .. XtFk IIAMt 96, • ., ..,.

~ of "oxpanAbs to the :-;outb Ud bl'taklag out cr Jta ms. eontlnUDtal 1Dd -..a to the ws »>"• of the Pe1'8Jan Gulf aaa the lhtd1teftiiD-.a•. ~t allOh a well Wol.'flet4 end respect«l

oolt811lt co1114 &JZWI ou ·the 'bads of a clldle oll1t 8f1Pfal. to

sbov tbe bold or oo14 -. oa the thlaklnc ot llf1ll of hla

acerat!oll• i'hls beoolt• .aon •" Gtldaat u AadaJetattu.

ortlclela llke SocrataJ7 RQik dld 1110t ~ the SMitA 11Dioa

for the ctlaSa.. a.toa .tao ••r::•te4 U.t the Udtel ·stet• *prteooupter Vlth VJ.-.. We not Yfll'!/ eDtb•Jattlo alJMt

ln'•JdDg the bloe•4e OJt t• 00 W rlaklac a •eaoa4 fiDD\ Sal 80 .

tbe Middle naat. lllOtltor ltaalag 30UII&llat :-ose]jll Alaop ot J?lBia'll rill a18o blam•14 tho ._.,_. tor tbe or.S.Ja M4

-.rttct the eloaure .t the Galt ot Aq.- wltll tile lnw.eloa or . ll A\yaslAJa b:l Maaao1W. ·

c.a. S\llaeberce aillpted a .,. ~tie app,....._ ..,_ .. ••

crieS.. lie retlocte4 the t•r ot ral111ona or peopt• all ..,_.

the ,..,14 •• he satd tb.ot the crSala h&4 biG_.., tbe WJ&tl te

lbt br~Ak ot ••t~eJbe tlU<llt •r• tbU the ~lela 1D Y!et.._

~lle ,._. corsente.tol' -. 01\e or •• •WI tiM tD p\-.4 tw

6 b11a'-' oonterflle• of AlkJrS.. M4 sevl.-' 1•a.w • awlw oe •"" oompl.ox or pobl .. ..,, tlu.•ea,ce4 pace Sa tbe

... :' ••• vflltu''* ,.. ..... ••• eol,..ld :oaGJil

Katl w•t even e atep fUrther When he augeeated tba' the

~ovlet union ahotlld be aftorde4 a ltJ.t~ltS..to ro1.- JA the " " ~

thlra wd.ct aa a peacefUl lnf1.aeno.. fluw, at the vew bts!m!Dg

ot fbo Cl'lata St •• recltaea tbat \be ~v1-.A1Delou

eo-opestlon waa tho kiV ut ea11 to mtntaln peace b\ the Hlddle

3aSt ,but alto for the e~tab1falmlent ot a stable world. order.

ae opbJoll8 oxpreaae4 tn the ealtoJ'Ial co10Jal8 ot the

lca4Sllt a••P'Paro .. t:.onaJGlly P!'O-lal'Cutt, aelw.xtaz,.. hailed the Joh.naon• a· ate.tcent on the Ssaue ot •• l'l1oola4tJ of

tho otaf of lqa1a aad cbaraetel•et llaal-' • ac'JoA u an an-.pt to 41"'-' attlJltloD t101t Satemal p10ll.- u.a to

stlltatn pr•tJ.ae JD tht ue.b wd.t. !be pap• called o». ••

arJtblo j;OWeJD lnd.ldlaa the uat.tetl stat• to _ _.. theb

rlghu Ill the GUlt. A tw at¥8 later 1n aneth• at~M~lr wra.a

edltortfdt tl\e pt.,pe bl.Ue4 the B\Walau tor t.he •Sea. e& .. aocue4 Moaeow of: .,._s.aS.\ .s.~paa. •• ...... 1at ,.. •• ••• ••--t In Jta 4enunelatlon ot -.. !t eta....-laed the closttro of the tHAt or qata u •bJU•

81 -Hislon• ad •(teela~ttoll of...-."

1!le wall•• VIlli ~ that var oot44 W!ac *• .n daDgeJOt» •coatto~ttatlon'* ~·• -.rlltllltoa M4 Moec.v 1Saee

the J88l oabU rala1'flle _.~as.. lUAent.ac •• oplaloD •t ,_ .... luereata wblcb la4 h••Sl.J laved .. Ja •• MJ.t&4J

18 liAtiB'PI iMh as._?, 41 8 ltae19G7•

.. a. a•z••• "' m • l98f. .. • .......... ., ltG'I.

!Sat• thll 30GlM1 leaaltcda •xo mttel'llow crSsS. coaea o1it• • the u.a •• _. sve 10 loao erota4 m tho Arab vorld beca-. of ..

S.t. auppOrt for :r.aal..• the 1•1 iCfl& obflerve4 tbat the etaS. or vs.otnaa ou. us .Ulta~? eatabl1~•t ~ostrlcteil JolmaOn' a opttont. 1'be -• ci!'Culatloc A: I• atte a seer candl4 ana unuslal oomct that l»th sidtl vere tttllpoaslble tor the

present crla!e '*-•• Iaaol bad awe ••Jo•lv tl'la4 to ake

p•ce wJ.th the J:zebe, ud tlle uat. ba4 caver a&alttetl Ilae\• • 88

:-Jgbt to etlet. fh•IISIIIt ODe ot tho mon reputed 11beal

weeklt.• k.t the trnlted. f1tatoe •14 t.'lat wht1e the two aapel'

powers bad acnlfrfe4 a. son of •f1JUJ11brlumtt 1n uSa ana ~Pot tha Mtddle !»t _, provldns the SO'Vlet t1nlon vttll' a "1'hlr4

• • PrOat'l to chtmle the tal.aalce ot pow• to lta ·~• !he

1• IIPBlll&l VJOte that beaaue of the •~' Sa Yl..,.,., tile

unlte4 ~tetea 1W.4 •tar leu 1ewf!D6•• •ab.lwSlJ aaa cUplo­

•tlea'l~t thU lt batt lD , ... G&O• It ald. Qat I' we Ia

ao ODe'a Satereet that this oodi'O».tntlon •111.4 h •~WClv..-80

'- _.. Jobll .LaV ot ll..Gt lAG lPG WGA \\diS vme .. ,

ae •11• vs•· 01• Y•*>• 3 ~bale lM'It h -.

, ·-lfl11i .••••• 18,.. .. . 88 - (Cill. .... )t.- 1M'It "'- .. ..

• a1111 Ot• DR) t 8 z .. l88Pt p. M. • •• \IPPt&tl ~. o.c.>, a ,.. 1887, pp. w. 11 · (\lllll.lDBton, a.o.),

78

!he Jnltlal rea.etton tn tho proos thus vna oate ot eQpport

tor Iase.et and con{emnatton or ~aerts actJou. !he opinions or · tlle preo ctte4 here provlde us vlth a vUe spectr\D ot _,. hu••

~rtthbl St oae cea atsoom a fet~ s-. •tob &1.• tota4 erpftltlloa

Jn the ~HOs. Plrat, -. the 1-. that Su fiOile ·war· tbo bl•tr

tor the eJrlsS. could be ••11»' pJ~me4 en the 'JOVI..,. Ulllon. 1GCOn4t

the. fDerlotM.t Slwo1vaaeut. 111 fl~ had re4ueefl th• AllerlcaD

opttou and t11e us oou.\4 aot aftor4 to get lnvolvet1 Sn yet uothor

Cl'lala. :hll'4, thcwe v~e a fw \flo be1.1fllle4 tbat , .... of ;e~~t

polto:r p!OilOuae~ts, l"t w.a the DOral 1'•JJOMibi1Jtr of the

udtar!l ;ttatea to «UJare tbe socUJ~lty of :ta-.at. BU •• tb•e

ahl.t4 _, fltt'* un!latea'l .rorceli!ent ot • ._..., • rkh' ot *freo

paaeag.-. Fet1rtbt tha .tst Ud 1.Ut •..,..lve" ,.. tile eouee

ot· aotloll. tluoQJb the trnlto4 U..t..._. F!ttht tboee VhO .ate& tbe

us to tone Its -rt acn.l&M the~ ~ ot alll-.

3lldt11 •• au dao atlot a -.11 CJIOUp ~ app.are4 te M

lrr1tata4 vltb. l8raol polley ot a..tdae eoaflloatatloa vltll the

ArabS. 1!\e 1o&D80Jl Adldntat•t.toa aoutd. aft\r oom'tun a

pqlley aroun.tt tbeae vista.

FOSXC C~mtt Jll PAW'UI OF --

~ the AikdcaA publlo at l.Uae t:bere •• bzaa4 ......

Sa op,.aStlon to linaacr s .... V&rloua oplalon poUa oo~e4 lA

-.o tfllltect rJta\ts 4QJ.'bag ~J.a p.-tod revGDl«l aubatutW. • .,._.,

eAt. ..-"" rw %8ae1 ma& •1.-t noae tc.r the lat.. •• Sn8tAaoe

at the heWl' ot the ..-r •• ••• Mlte4 •• hepont\Slte Whethe thQJ ~,..th_.ed vt\!1 the Iaaelta or ._ lftll'Mit • pe cet

t'epUo& ._, thtb tyrapathltl von vlttl •• Iuallt.. XD coutlut •dL'f 6 ~ e.llt ~-- thtmSolt• Ia ~10V tf De _._. \lll.e

imll DOaod a akl!latt q .. tJon 4? per oent tawarcd lftael. .a one Petr et~tt tbe A.Jeb a tat ea. In naotber sun..-, UIIZII ut.a Woa Ultlf r~de4 u •rlgll•• t&tJe.ella or the Aaba, Again,

tho 81UNelt 1JfUt that Iasel.l ,.. •rich• Nl4 the .ll'8btl vere "Vfttel•. to aothe qQ817 u to • wated. to atan a -.., the .. ~ "'a .a•S.t the ,,.,...

!be folloVba£ ate the _.lla ot the ~ ooadacte4 1:f"

the dlrt~t o~~tmlat~

AI\J.IR& llawe ,.ou h•t-a or r54 abOut the t~out>l.e~ h.W•• Jaael

Ut! the p&b •tloaa 1n the Jtl4G.e ._,, 1P Dl• lb thle tiOQblo, an ,our .,m~thl• JDre wlta t.ae'l. " •" tfltb the AM atate8?

198?1 ~ ' llat& ,.. 1:1&. ~: •• u.,. bto..a opJn!oa \lllltet oal.J arnat •• '\4 ....

• II

I

• eo 10

6& .. I I •

• • I a

' • 8

i t •

I

I 11 »

I J • 18 • .. I • • 10

I II

I

ZtJil• AOIS lllllt

DO "~A llo , •• 11. ama.. QRI&IIa atJ •

nr reltg ~oat 66 fi'Otesteatll • 98 18

CathollCI • a • 17. BJ polltlcaa

rtapt&b11aaae • • I l3 Det'Oeftltl G7 • 17 Jn4epcmdGDta &6 • • lA

llJ gt"C!fl'apblo reglat • I a1 1fJ ~·-Ml.,_, M • sa 38 80\tth • ' • • ~-· Ill 8 • 13

BJ un\111 .f&ld1r IDCOMt • a • ~ mt:f •• abovo • J 1•ooo : ~ :•: a • ll • 48 a f1l • J a'ooo. "'#.:a • • • • uaai.A a,ooo 61 • 10 .. :OJ aSia ot co1S1Ut1ltrt .. • • 13 ~,oooeaacw• 'ltooO ..... • • • M • a I ' . e:f::&:a:' = • 17

'OaiW a,eao, riilal • • •

198'11 3••»• u.s. •tto.tal foWt 41. • 81 ~ol.lg!OAI

f'!Ot·~- 41. J.. 38 ., ca~l!ca • • 80 u Jew • • • 1

By ec1f.1eo.~ loat

a»Uc• • 1 • u 11Sch ilcbOOl aa 1 .. 1Y 8111. ca<le or 1a1t l8 • • •

• UIU\111 't<!bO at 1f'U tblnk hu •re rkht on tbelr •lde • the J.ra'ba ot-Isac\? • 198? • :.. JO.

IIIII\ .,. u.s. Mt1o&al. total a .. • sr ~tblt

COUtee GO ' llJah soboo1 .. 8

8th eta«e or 1.,. 31 .. Dr Mtlslollt

Protesta»ta • J.

catbo1le~~ 44 • J•• • •

UABB'I t

no ~-~'u t011t! to a.groe or dt-sr• tl'la'­lWh Jllle 20

u.~l. mttc.Ml total.t

the Aftlba ha•• tdllllte4 to at.a:n a •s- v1th taacil to~ a lOne,..._ lsae\ bae ,.., .. a -.. l8ll vlth tbe ,_. tor a J.oac ts..

80~ Do QaiAial ltL•

• • ' • 8 46

18 5I

• a 8 40

• 1

.. 1be 'b~ of tho ·ttguree tor bOth QALlg u wu.. u

Uaa:llt el•rlr ln4l•ta4 tbe nenetal npp.ort tos- IaiUl. f.HN

,.. atelta• _,. •we& •dation on tile gl!Otmt\ ot en or resiGn

oat lelfaloa or 1*11tlcal ettlllatloa. 11188 tbe oollese .-.w pl'Ot-te-.1. taaluss aDd htshw tucosaa tJO~, aoa oeJI'tahl age c•• _, SJ.ID, aappen to» Israel. .,. coapaattvttlr •re

. ..._ ...,. the 1•• .-.w. ta..,• aa<t aaatal •~~utn. thla

eoold be ahl'llM.dt& to the act that tbelattu pcupe ••• .ctt. lGSa klt.ne' lA totel&n attain.

the 1.. prt•ilt~.cl sronpa ,.. eq.U, hiP In tbe catecoJJ or •• op!ntoa•. tkt-.. elsnltJCIDt •• ._..,17' btah tlguea ot tbOM • dloae to be tn the • ._.,17 ost

•both aeltbfdll. tha .-~Bence of tble pt\eDollaloD ..,.. caulte

eScaltlcDilt aoa •• or tho tafl.a•tta:L n...,po.p4Jn • •W

tull• vee 3U' lJtshmJag to ntleot 'tbl• t..:LIDp ot

t~ with •• conth\alag blah 'COlt of aapport f'tr Jnul•

•• ID Ml'Dil. tS.. \bue la oans14Gl'Ule .,...-., .a at&ppo" tor terul til the 'UlllW state~. wt• the elo•re •t the Galt of '-'* cne eupport ua .,,_,..., •~~ the l•llb na" JOSe 8baJ'l4r• u Jnalcate& Sa tile red' ot U. eptaloa

&nel' the odb,_ll Of tb4t ... ,_laellt IWIIIl Wltl

.. ••• a 1114Go ..,.e bJ lltatJaa U.C -* 11cJe bad &cotatl

•· .._ ot ~ the ~t~~nesJoa. uo ._. Ulat tatc!o

coueqtUJloet ~ra.a f1ov tzom tttl• aeedl•a M4 &wtroctlve

ot~~le tr the tfr;ht!na 414 not oenao l!Zleidate\J. lle oatled

on aU. l*t'tlea to s·appOrt the soowlty CO·unen. Jn br!Dc&bl

nbout en bo4Jate caaat)fb'e. H• a.tao proulaed o. a• bcbu1J.na

ot p:og5tlttG8 to aaaure the t/Glc~t end 4e'Va10i&Sl or the etlft 93 area.

Arter conttm111.18 vltb PrGISdfDt JohnaOllt ttecretbl7 of

!itate F.usk, r•plr1as to o. queetto.u u to tfhO etartod .._~. ,.,..,

add ~~t •tbe taota arc; attu ot.cw.-e. It ay be soae tJu

beto1'o the facts d\n bo clar!tl.S. It l.!&J· take & Vfll':l loa£ M

t.tae. the ktW probl.GU So te g" the tJ.elj,tbli atoppo4.• r..at• tlobot't ltaclo~, the state ~t a~k.-., Dlllc•tea tl&t

tbe tm -.a pareu!Dc a -,outaJ.• co\U'Io Jn the ocmfllet. ae 'OS ~1tor1 be •141 vas to eeek u. 8ev~414 ooUN.-, aa4 .. e•r peelt.lon Is neut81 Sa tboaghtt wr4 804 a.ea.• s .. u.-.Taoob J'Mita (tt., n.;t.) .P_..Jif tb.• ms' ,.... • .,., J'wltlb

epOk8118n 011 the CfJJJilo1 nnlt taO taken tJt et1J'pt'J.ae bf

lfeOl.OJJbwte atate&*lt and a.-.... a olultS•'* t.. .,.,~ "

;:n,lltllt lO!WlOa. GtDato• h...n ~ (a., D.l.) !Mt DO

,._ ID deple~Jae tho ooutaJoa SA th• tro pOllor .a ., .....

ta w.tr \bl•enouae ••'~' et I .r .. IQ67_ 1 ••r.o.a ., I iiiSt iJJQatlat vol •••• .,... S887' P• •

14 l'Dr !)fila n•k'• atat.- ot a •• ...,, •• lbltl.t , ...... • l'blA. aao aee a• t"* &liM• G-. JStrt • 98 QIMIW'API1t BIQidt tfOl. 113 (lOO?), S. fti>0-1.

• OQD" (n., a.) er1ttcllod tho AtlDtnlstratson•s J;dley, and tll'Bel

the oov~t "to ate. a deflnlte a~tu:.out ot pollOJ that

ldnfas m ebttbt m the mlnda. ot the frt<-e peopl• of tbo worlcP.

ike e.:rprsuuJ(l the hope that tbe Ulllte« ntatee 1u 1ta protesta,Sone

or beSng ttaeutll\1 In wora, thought and ~· 1«)ult\ not be a part)" to ncottathlg ·lhaJ ~ ot thoae rlt1httt tbat tho hael.Sa

nleht eotablSah th:ough tb.elf' own Jdlttarr ettom. sentor

Zosern ~. Cla$ (D.t a.> ~sod bls d!atrea at the

A a:d.nlet 19-tlen• s polio-; ud auel'tot1 tbail ••ty, u ve\1 u

lGPllr wo "" an &Uy of taraet ana .DOt neut.181• • nerator ebarlu 1!t!ftCI (R., nl •. ) •l4 SL o atatttact, "1 cannot tee'\

ncu.tn.t, •• a dlctator threatens to drive a the pecpl.e Into

the •••. e·enator .-e Ncmt• (D•t Ore.) one ot tae ala c~1tloa ot US ld11t&u.7 p~.ace lA Vlet~JP, <te11e4 ·the ., Macloakfte atilt--' •tnoomprebeblll'bl ...

1». tho Hc.uae, CU~r•atan !:!IllS. Jtttll .,_ (D.t JJ•)

Ct'l.led on the 'leoretar.r of state, to ft~PU4Jat.e •oe1oa1rr·•a

statiJ!lCilt. ue G!(~l'eSfled tbe :ttJDr •t .-, xatlo.aa SDclWllaa

the unlt.S ~tea, vou14 dlaregartl tbeb .. s-..u 1rD X.tael

It thttt foet1 that MWA • ~tsoa ... .a th• •now .. Datloal Satere~t•• .••11:1 .., ~ or , .... ttQppDrted

the t'ftate PeiA~tJA•t. fh• .. liD l&r& Jn aa .Uto.t&l

9'1 t'!ii\ZWf!C• 71sol801J a1.ao illlll'l'•-.

tl GRJIIEM.t,lg.} IGda •1• U.S (lQG?)t n. 07U..

89 DU. t 11. frUt iJf. ffl4t u. S7.Ut u. a?JS, u. 87:», a • ..,aaaa. •

o~Mt~c. that the ntate ae~~ttiJ CkiJe:rlpt!on ot the

Atltdutatstlon'Jor'ltlon ns noatl'Ql. Jn tt:toucht, w.~n.ad aa4 a.eoa 1IU "CJGtOO'qlle" •·

Al.anted t>J· t.h• hoat11lty 11blct.t t:tOOloattr•e atat-.t Cl"CUlSdt ~oo.rea%7 Rosk trlod to tDlllfF tho Glli.'Q£..:1 ~

. ct the ·r,q:ts1atlve lmmdh. He aought to dSat!llf!uSab b~es

"nettt~St,.- 811<1 nJ.n.d!ff~ce". lie saggeeted tbat ••

•te"'..J.oaky epeke of .nfJQtftlltr, ho was oulJ aasgeetbc; that tho

us ua.a M,.._be\ll{:went., Ruak trled to r•Httl'ttre c.~ tho UD!tod

Statee ._. aot coSllc tack en lta oblleatJona to sup:rort the

po1ttteal lndtpen4enelotf all Mlddle :•tem stat• al1d tbab

terrttcrlal latcrttr. 1'bo aubtle 4tstl&atlon 111ldb Ruak tried

to 1n.troduce tailed~ en:r co.uvlctlon. s-.tol' .tavlta Jnslatod

that the clarlflcetlota by the PresSrlebt aloAe vouta 1'8lmn.tre

tbose wo vtrre "41t11S1e4" u4 •oonru.t• 11' tbe l·tCOloeJtrt • lOI . stat••~· ·

le 11$olla eoarec'l leelsl"e vlctorles o'tor the A'mbat

••bora betouglne to botb. the ta~l• U!led on \be 00'9~

t,o ooo ~t taJO.at .. _... taota tlle -.. vlth a ... _.. , .....

ot Ita ruttWe satetJ'"• s .. tor Javlu alllt.S tke Pres14tllt to

t.'Sate tbat ur etolefln •••.•---• • , ....... P•• In the t«l4tlle BUt. De ptaoe •ettl•ant sbould z Utt •••

thlnL~a Snt11-tlde tr...,. ot l*mJa&~• tbJOUIIh tho 3aea cu.1 U4

.

100 ... xa• tiiM• s ,.., ..,, 101 101. eo, m Jttne l.967,

. 1G1 .. , •• 1111• ' -. l91F.

tho ~Ulf of 14l'ba. JavJ.ta -.nted to plnce the bUJ'a. ot

al:ltallllac the psae on the united !lattoWJ aad suar;osto4 that

the m fore• be :rootol'ed to the both oldeG ot SS1!ltS..tasa1.S &03

bonteB• !~.'hat. tho concvrf;'llet ot ~pt and other AJOb states

tU.d mt appalr to be pll't of uls thluld.Jg. s .. toz- Javlte •a 1!lm1 otheft Ulce hlm pr......S tba' 1f the Araba ven cteclel'Yelf

defeated th"' wou14 lava to ~apt a forced aetUcct.

l sl!ghtly d!ttcent polat o: vlot -.e pm3octe4 b)'

~ 8lntor nobort Kaun~ ..eo 'WD&lted tho sGU..t ot au on. stan~ !laue~ betvoc taN.al atl tho !!.Jab .,.,_,.. ne .U.t

tor a penr.aact aa4 enforcea'ble aetUettent -.loh abbull IDoladll .. p~\ eeourttr tor te••• frM P'nGNO tor the ahtpe ot aU

a\ScM th!Ouah the oau ot •• Md th• ,_. oa.:s., ••tt••' of the retas• p!O'bl• eDd latenatlo.t aur;pert m •• 6welop.

204 11ent or tb• rclon~ fh() t.- of aetu.-t aa •• s.-to,. st.Cgestetl ~ke4 ot rotugeee M4 SattmatJetal a1qJpol'l fol' title

eot~u.l4c 4tlfe\OpJIOI1t l3t the- •tire rclo~ PlobMl¥ lle aMel

th•• as a aop fOlt the 6ab8.- nut lt •• • .,. a atep

to,.._rd bowloovel' ..U on the pOsltlou of ~.-tor ••••-.

s.t •• ceu\4 eee the SapttrCarlce af tho .., .. •• s .....

x•·•_. tSo tatl:t ettdl-eeNtl a .Uy vtth scaator .ra,s• •teh ,.. • ..-s.ea bJ the 'Ub1te4 Z•llb Apptl\1. (Ull) Ill 1., ~-. JD hS.

apeeeh he -.1.1e4 tor 4lreet &teb-UMe\1 au:otJatlona to ~ve . lOI

t:be alspute, the petnt o» *''* tara4l elM lnafttod.

flaiA ¥18r&\IIS!W Bi~adt Vol. 113 (lHP) 1 s. ?800.1. DS4., s. 1'883 t.

!1Jld.t ~~ 'IBS3-4t _tAGO aoo nwzor,sZIB•t t, u, la .tee lll'l• ·

• . .

In the Houae of' n•etaon'tatlv• ...., C011£re&._

fUl.)pOrtc the vl•! tlla' luael uhcaltl bt.•e aacure oA4 ~est

borders. !-'Or 1wltoace Representative ZC\YNV nolpea (D., ti.Y.)

c&tocatetl real.Jat!c bO~em ud •aslve aSd tor taacA.

COI.t6t-~ Dill~ n. ~ (D., Ga.) vat to the «dst

of f304Ccat.I.Dg ihet tho &ld to tlto Aab ltates .,..t bo atopnel lOI II' .

. ant!l t;·~• ~~nlto4 •• riGhts ot teraelS.. Ooltir•~•

~~a.rd a. BOJbal. tn. • 011.) • Mel:vhl •• .r.Jut <a., i:.:J.e.),

Jor.atbcm 13~ (D., I.XJlwwro IIIYODe _, otb.,. 1Jlo aa.o•te4

a~ure bO~a..t ~or x...a.. 'fher:e vero •*.,. like OODC!W8Mil

oaaen Rda <a., n,Y.) 11tc alaplf a.s.n. netora-.SoD ot O• ataaM aM .lib Gild aaeaareao. ot tbe rlcb' or pa-• thwt:ch . . JCMI . t.he Gt4t ot aqu. tw x.-..

"*t wa. dRnltl-.a' wae that aus.s tbo orlaS.t qulte

a ....., ot aaatoh felt tbat tho us llhoa14 cooi'Cibat• M8

actt .. stse vltb the ~-.s• uasoa. 1•~ ... .., ee11.a ta u otfort to •rtc vS.\tl tlle sevt.et mdon. u .. tn Cllall.• .,...

(O.tV• 'tla.) ...u.to::t tbe two ..,_ ~_,., ~ •• tb.eb latJAaeoe

• qalcklr .a i:be tlr~'laa• s .. tol' ~Mid BfOOke <a., -..a.l -.w t.ba u.fAel ste.tce ea4 the ~let mlJoa to Impose em 61111

~ s.n •• al&G.• ...-. ad a .... wroe-.... <D., JrtA.>

»6 u.s. Ms;MIII•' lddt wl. ua ,...,, .A aeao, A ao&J.

'Jtll IM4.t A ..... ~- A ~. ' ... 101 tJ-.Mtlf.

• p1-.4e« fott lncr_.ed oonve:.tJcn and co-opeat10n b~,:,va111 tbe

two euper ~--· ne ,.._tod the two ooUDt-rlt~ to take a b.ab

look at tbel~ atlonat Sal=-t• and tha1• torelgn palScl•

vttu roo-poet to each otb••

a •• rot.-l'tb1, bt 1D a;>!.te of w14elprtil4 ecpreas!OA

ot .,apathJ fol* la_. and odtloJe or tho !tGbe 110 AJaerSoaa of

tmJ' proJd.uaaee o.4'fccate4 o•rtr)lff mllttar; Sat.,entJoa In

·~rort of Itmet. ~!ca•e opbloa tat.-. ud lctslatoll

r•11eedt ud cveu the "~lonlat sartlttaDa von mare of the tact that _, lOft Ja tL.Sa atroctlon Involved o. amoua rlek ot al.lttar;y C®.trontatlon vlth 'the sovle\ UASoa tor 11bleh tllen

waa ao pQb\lo au;~\ vbataoever. ~e AaerJou peo»le w\44

aot count..ace Ud 8Ui,J;A" u\Jon l.ntJ01YlDI tbo P!UJeet ot u oU out \8r wS.t11 tbe JOvlet WlSoA c.u au ldao Jnw1vbll on11 Iarae1 and .!D t41lcb no serlou prior iaterv.-,_ 11r •• _.,_.

ttatcn dlrec'e4 GB4bt the U.ltc4 ntates ba4 •ll• plac.. rhS.

-.. the rtaaOA ~ Jn the earlleet .-. • .._ tile cnrlaill ..

p.SDIIta BDaetutlt & Auabef' Of S .. toftt llllt .... lfUatltlt,

s.w, hlbrltt.ht, !ho-* u. Etachelt nt•rt ~ ,......_.

ud :osejh e1.N'k declar'ed tbat tho crlala ltaodla be reed..a

thl'Oush •• Udtel lidltull rathe tba.n Uu:o~ allatea\

ad& ton ·btl the ODtteil ~ttat•• But •• ta«1 could .,, z... hoped ~ the UAlt .. sattona weal4 pJOve 1;0 be GD artent.Ye

••01 to 4llt1 vsa Ute s1tstloa. ft we recoadle4 t.bat

1111 lSJdte.tkm td •• seope ot the GOAt.I.S. ooQltJ 1»e ..,_..._.

cnty U tbe'G could ~· an w(~tt:mdbt, to tbat eft eat 'tletveen the Udte4 4~tes en4 lta p!lfno1l*'l rival -- the ~net

ualoa •• ror lllflu.ee Ja the ar•• It \1U thb o.'IID.rceea that

prompted tbe .seeatore mentioned abO'Ie Dloug wl~l ecwOI'Gl ot

tte-1~ eoUGattH~ to etren the noeS to~ ooDau\tatlo.n .Giltl

o~peatton bet.VctQU the ualto4 f~tete~ ua the 30v1et u~

to reao1ft DOt o~.l.y the tM\ &alat. dlapnte but oleo •JarloUI

other sat.,.ttoDal .Uapat• ttat von s:~blttenae the l'f:&atlua

betveoa the IQPel' roveR aa4 h.Silderf.og the proo•s of AG.U• l\ the ~lte4 tlatlou, the a~~eurlty coaueU tu•ed u

w:anS.ue r8101utloD oalllag upon the COYGJ!!Dt1en\a cone.-tct

to take atl meaalL,.._ tor an lmetUate ceaaeth-e ana to1- a 1» ooseatSou of 811 adlltal'Y aottvltles 1n the •~• t:tl• the

roapectSve l*rtl• 414 IIDl comply vltb the ~aoltttton, OD

f lla•• tbe ccacn adopte4 vet c.aotbe ret01att.oa ._.dioc 111

eospltaaoe vlth the o .. etbe tram 141 th• l*!:'tt-. AltboQIIl

the tJdted :··itataa ana tbe :JO"fl.t Union 41tfee4 .....,_, ... .._

the 4Cate, the VeP/ fact \bat th~ 881"eed on •r• tbaa -.

r•olatlon abowod the -'•' to wtlloil thtr coo_poatt4 dtb.

•oh otne &:Jrmc the _..18. tlleP tile ~ •a.t. '' -. M»lfl,laei tbat tile ~'fld

UDlou ud the a.S.oaai....,.Jiblp at the hSgheet level. w r.-laed !n touch vt.tb _. etb• M4 M.4 probablJ ackJINl•.t the uceasSty a4 .. -''*1 .. ..,, Jra •nttw.laB file coatll..,.

l.Yt Di• YJt ea, lltl•· l:MI, PP• W.

Jll lbla.t •• l34D, p. a, -· ... p. 2.

81

u.tthln tol...,.'bl.e bOunds filld .POt allnlrl& .tt to co oct or b.aade.

n••• Sld1h of u• xaa.za.• Quoted ttle A&.~ln_atatJ.oa GOQ:CCJJ to the ettect tbG\ tho ~JOV!d Unlou ha4 COhDIIOI.1e4 . .

l'realt~ent ¥iMoor ~ atan~att a wr. lt vu al• r-s-rtfd to have bd!ae.t(d to liaator bt 1t aJ4 110t tul.1y suprort bla

121: claim to aovere!gnty over the sts1u ot rJaa. Artbv L&U1

Mlo.1 a ~mt nPNJSentatlve to t"1.8. tJalte4 ne.t!oca durillc thts pe:rto4, re!:Oftod tbOt naaae dld llet conoUlt tho ~let

Uldon about the wlthdsn"""' ot 1tlo Ulii7 • Be ft.lrthcr .U bt

"ltoacov w.e ta1uw "'' •~.Pritt '*»' catJOt • •FM4 fe wltlldaual

N14 ~•vtot 4l1llomata a.sstuual:; IJJquJ.re4 r.toa aU ..,. .._,

lUWe soao kl0wle4:!o o: A~Cb ln'tentlou ~ &eM• M.4 fatal .'·

tills atop C&ld uov ~ he .,. pre;z;:areA • co.• LaU a1.a

revealed 'ti'A\ the ou.tr ot _... •• bloc•ae~ vlt.bnt •pr1or 118

tntoJStfon to ~~ :Jovlet u..-. o.a a.k, el.oa& 11ltll

nobtll't Me.t.._ and vto• Preeldcllt ilab~ li~Cflt were

reported to lave Jntoael tbe coaarento1181 1tedel that Prbae

ttlnlate D~Jttln ba4 suc:;.net to ~ld•t Johuon that the

two uatlou ue tudr Sntlt~Ceo to keep ..,.,_ tJOa breakJ!c 0\d

ln the HJ.ddle •t• Thla aaggeatlon vea Ald to ••• MID

contaSne& ll1 a prt.•te lette 4el1Yere4 bl' tbe Slrflft •*•••• Attar a ~~Cetlns with IT•t;1flit JObaaou at •• \ll.Jte noaa.,

t\-.te n.=oeratlc f.tl\lktr Mlke MMtltS.4 _. Mkad abo-.t Jolat us-entet etrol'U 'SO end tJle tltr)l''-• Mal:latl•4 NPlleta

lll a.arlok ••• •• '•• .Z'rna, m .,. ..,. ua J:'i0;f.11sif,lljp.-Yf:''Mo,an 'lrte&l

• •! think then le elose eoop~t! n u(l perhaps col.taboratSOa

between tile tvo lft tho area•. ne salt'! \bat Prealdet Solmaoa

had lndlcatt4 that he •• ho• ...... tll t.r."'lat Moacov wot44 •o!n a tJI 114 ..,_. ' .. aG1l. to.- a cCJi\ltefJJt.. n.-tor FlllbrSt;ht, aftel' a brlott.Dc ot the aerate FO~elsc Relatlo110, co=Sttee bJ t1:1e ;,3ecreta17 ot. state

saldt tbat. hla lnt'onatlon ,.. that the ~vlet tlll.lon lad aot

km\ll1 In a~ ot tbe blo•ae move aDd 1».4 not appJIOV«l lt U8

crte lt-. tt.lue. ftesldct Johntou ana. .Prf.ae MS.lltat•

Kos:u~ln Ul'ebaliae4 mot:nseges dctclarJug ~tal illllre to e:voK

<:;ov ld-Aaerloa.r4 colllalon In weat AD Ia. secnt ooneapoa4eace between the \lltte Rouse utt Krdln o~ ner tho pw!H

prior to Oli4 tltlrba tho outbreak ot t.l'Gb-Iase\l -.r. It wa

repono& U.t two vee~tG before tbe fleut!Da broke on Ja wn Aala, J,-eos.-~cm.t J'ol:z.nao;;.~ -.a. a secret, arr:ct npp,•l4l to ••

,-;ov!ot UDton. propoa!J.le CODCflftecl dtploratJc action tro ODilta!a

tho t~ab.IIIre.el t com:!. Sot. ..Totmaon at.lba•uaently ,..,. bt •

ea J.1aJ he a-.t a 4et!*'ch to F:teyaSn ... ,.._,

tncNQs~ heao..-t ot bael 11r e1..­baee4 Ill srra, vltb attea-., ........ vltb.S.U Illtlel end vlthln the Ale- wlU, hM 'broUGh' the area cloae to •lor vtol-. .. Your ·GJld ou tlOI to xatlous or we •r• ooa\4 brt.Dg us tnw cUftlcul.tluo vbleh I • ..,,_. IU!lth• of Ull • .-. n '*:~ • ._ tOI' taGb of aa to aae oar . . to •• tl41 SA the aauae of aa.&tlon, mol .. btlueDce ov• lftloa br Ute UAlte4 tl&\ktM• 1J8

4 t •• 1 na uau ••

!hJtoURhOtlt tbe crS.Ja, l«<8hlngton ud M08001f slsPOlletl -.ob

oth~ that d4splte tnetr 4eep 4ltt-.ce, aaoh OAe voa

an~loua to avoid the rlak or beblg 4a(tcrat'l SAte a wll.4 ...,.

•

~-e prllde --~ «Nldontl)' helpett to •• the •taa• tor tntbeQ.,111$t •eto~ Sn the Udtei U•tlo.na on a ODll fVJI

a ceuat Ire. 'l1le \WhSw .uouoe d!acloaect ttat lta tlO\ l.Jae

oollllectlon vlth f10eoov !184 ·beeo uetd ••.-.1 tS.. aurq the

orl8la. cae aucb. o.,_.lon ,.. ~on the t_..a.t J4•• o.ttaeko4

the 0:1 ~!catSon ablp :r.De.S ott the oout ftf ••• ldlllas

..,- Aaele~Ulf~ tmd. vo•dlDI •••ftll othew. .fohuOD to14

ll.oaJgla over the hOt llae t.tAt canS• drolatt ••• •tatob.S to the acclt\•t 11»0\ to r•cue tbe.., alld tb&t ave._. 10

a11111ar1 JOve o• tile l*rt. of tbe Udtt4 ~Jte.tee. x.aw, us e.mbas.-r to MOaeow• UWa\lJA fhoapaon told Jobuon tba' thSa partS.oulal' message boll \lle ~St. IloQ&e ra4• a 4Mp

11f ~ · s-.~Jon o.u ·the nunste.Da.

tbo re\f.:l~ lafOJa,tion pJOYIW .... •• • ..,_ pne

co.operetloa &~r!r;g the elalo to' the •JIOIIu•r• of -. Aa.lalS..

tatSoa aa 1-den of Cbe OOJtilN18 ..... to .... , ......

a pate or ~'• ~ the ,.._ on the --. ot •• ua.toYln relation• $l ltta JmptlcatiDua tor vo!l4 p..._ ,..,. a•tu., 1lbD acaue4 the r»vt.a tlalon or aq;eu•Je.ulat tWI«aa ..._,_., •d116t.& bSa ataa• _. •td .. , onl.J the t.Diltc stat• U4

tlte nnt• untoa, ._1'11_... -..,;" OIHI14 l.t the at !oDe

_,bOa the ••••10• ... _.. d'oee~ Eat' ot tbe

111 lebolon, .. Mt PP. .,..._

llB .. M»*IIZMt 't ,_ US'~.

..

~~~~.Pads r:. r.r:otogonbt of l~t~Cltt tt.cr!bed the tee~SIAg

rdlattonshlp betveen t.t~o t\10 :super powe'f'S aa •apolJ• tlhldb.

\IOdl.d tactlltate the -.crfli*l\ or ur.ter->nt~llabl.e lodlll tOJtOea 1ll -

J.n a rel.Btlvel.Y aete '""• ~~ t:raraw ua cane\ ~:ttpa~rletr~ ot the oaao daSl)t opined that 'the •18rol.lel

Interests• of tho two sap.- povers 1o4 to the c_,et1H aocozta.

i201'ba!» the met slgnlfl.eaftt comtJeut -..e ma vlatol' 'Ana •

~nent autho_.lty on the ~••let nttalra 1llo vroto tbat the

na't8lllt 8balm tw the novtet untoa darta& tbe en.s.. lla4

brol\lht n JW~at taot.or Into world pelltlafl W.IS ld8Jat 1.-4 tt Ja

a.., cbapter Sn interDe.tlollal. attatsw.

\'be eattorJalu Sa t:b.el(fl.dlag datllos alao ~-·-.llr'

auprorted t.bo fX»vle1i-~Jai¥tleU co-opore.tlo.n 1n oolv!Da the •tt.d

pmti.EDi. tfll1e 1• XII& ,IM optne4 that • atable ptaoe 1U

contlel-.ble ouliJf the uatw stat• u4 the s.vs.t tJr.®a

uorttea to~tthe, t.'r&IJl'Mal .~ tnrpJ'.Ue4 •• •hw .. , • cccep~ ~Dlutlon ot the lfa'b-%pat1J prcbl• ooU\4 ..,. achlwe4

1.18 ow.:~ U tho us all u:;ra ooo~tel vla .C otb-. 'fll• Wllrl

~$EAlRaaile which repr«UI\te .the •at 111Je11ru' ·~ ot

•"'• Maerloe.n aoel.tt.Y dlseat.o4 tla\ •• ualt.t stat• aun be ..... -•D.m:lla'ltr' ln Its ::4atioun vltll the sova. ua~o.~a. Y:d

Ml lUll 1!1' l 111 J Till -

138 lJI&tiMMIMIStB.naeJe~J.

ltD tbSd.' • 1 .. JS«<''.

U1 •••• ,... ' ,... 1819. 1t8 ...... a4&1 'lilt 11 .-. ....

118 liliQ - • .Dial Clew 'loft), a, so Jt1ae JSGr.

91

tUDthor ~sloe ot the ... IUae 11811•, t;ltlk .. . OOI'Cl..,ttl

tl'&t noltber of \be aupe lmlO'n would pezmlt eveata ~tl•

Into a .mtelcatt tar ar4esa lta own sarvS\1Ll. wos at atak•

a. the wat" waa coaSDa to a cloao, i:trealdeDt J'olJAaon

CDlletl MdlGOJ.'Ie. Btlllttl't f'oa.- ~~t!onel oc-enrl~J .l4YSaer w Prall dent J:Gmod¥ t to I1andle the crls l:J and lake prepru!fltJou

tor \hat Johnson cnlled •a luttag sott14\DGDt• ID tho Mlddl•

~•t• 1 stab-co~lttu ot theltatloml tleetU'1tv councll,..

co~t1tut•:1 to a.t 11ltb the Amlt-ta:ael.l crlale. !he comltt•

oonu1ate4 of sec~ or stat• OtlUl auelt (~), SIIC1'8tai'J'

ot the1ttenaanllenJ.7 n. Fowl•• :be SooHta21 ot n.r~., Mo1aa!a, Get:..-1 Bad. o. ttlleelert ~ or t1ut Jola'

Cblets ot 3tatf, Rldlaftil Jl._t lllreeto,_. ot Ctct.l ~Wllctaee

AuCf!Wt. Clark claftord• a t4811hbgtRn AttollltV, ,.. .. • COt.m8ol.lor t.o the ~~resldtll' M4 ,an.ttee ~ ef ._

FOretcu Intellf.cuw.e JtdYJaor.~ noarc~, au wa1• w. ,....,. BtZt\tt e Mlec•sor tuJ npeolal Aoslatu' to the Prealdet.

Preetdet 3ohll&on, Vlct-Presl{llll\ R~ f ..... aD4 Artll•

nold.bcrg, the us tlefit•tatlve at the til VftN ..,._ ... datel

vtch 1be eomttt-. the 'lfll!!l 1a.ot t:bat Zoboaon dloae to

appolll' a apeotal ~ttee hlatead of all.ovlac a1e -~

tneh1aQ!7 ot oov.,.._t to haa&e the •tttatlon .,.. u

tndloatlou or tobMOn• a adetJ ••• the alt•tton end the lmpol'taac• of tho Sa--. Jobalon ..Sa, "Ve lave W0$84 u

l86 UIIIIWI WMJtt lO .1111e *'• I• 3lt UB J'ObMOa~ 24t »• 3»t .w.o aee iWIIII& I'll••

UJ.. ·'*

'

h•ar as we cot4d. to avold noat.Sl.ltl••••• Bat the flcht!Dc --.,

ua. t!le roo.4 toftar4 to. rEAl pcoeo an~1 progr8U vlll .t»t be •'I'• ntJll th~ ·a .now a r-.1 ~ tor all to- ttll'Jl ftrom ••

111 ftuetatlons of the J88\ to the bopQG of a p$CtJtu\ tatun.•

ca 19 lunel.007, b a b..,.&wat to the stton1 ~~•lfleat

JoiUlaon pTO;Macd w!lat he eelled. .f'1ve great prlJloS.Pl• of ptaoe..

iie al4 · "wwth~ ot tro.o,a• alo.oe woutd mt solve fh•

pJ014cu. "It shotll<l bo a~lel bJ "NOIInlae4 rights of

· nat!oml. 1tto1 proar•• h1 to'lvlllc tho ratueoe p:oblct

lbtltatlon ot tho ~ ..,., and ~poet fot.t politiC

lndotrendenee and ter~torlel !Dt~JJltr', ot all _.,., he

added. Jo.ttn10n salt! ttet •the Jat!o.ua of th• rcloa. ••• ba4

ont,- tJC.gll• 9M violated twoe llnel tor weot7 ,--.a. ,_, thtV .nov n~ •~• reao£~n1H4 boQftttarles aad other ·~--= ttat vlll t1•e &ecul'ltJ against tei'IOrt d•tructlou u<l war.•

ta tho memttme, a apeclal rr~ OCMlel'&l AtiG~ •••loa wu conv$lo4 on tho ~--- ot the Jovltt t.lnloa to «malaer the

sltt1it!on 1n ~:tst uSa Gild iktfS.e""'W• Ql\d .__to liquidate the

•conseq~es ot eur•sSoa•. r;ovlet ..,...,,Joa to r.1 ... ..,. a•sloa lllla heade4 bJ PJtiM MS.Jat• lill.,r:s.u ld.•elt• lcldNftSala

the o.&oal wfJilt:ily 011 J9 .1UU l91ft -.,,!as a.ncUDCel x.a.a.,

the unlte« stat• tm4 the tGStem klpel'Jal.Jaa ro .. ecmresstoa erzatnet the mba. ne kltroducod u d.raft resolutlcn SA the ~.sacablJ reltf:tftltlllfl tho tulc ~.ovtet s·t6ua that Iamet uhoa14

be oond411iled ana to~t& to Wloondltlo~ 111tbdmW ftor1 au 110

the oooupte4 terr!to:rle~. •'lrlaan dolecate aoldbec opP"e4

the novle\ c&11 fer~ eontl~lon ot Iaraol. ud NJeote4 the

tle'Blld ,_ UllCOl\dlttoMl \lttb~ of x....a.t tore• t10a ••

oooupled tff!T'ltorlea. r~ d!aft resolution JastrodUced bJ 0014b.,_. 110

!nao~atet loi.wHu• • .,tl'Ve cr•' ~~!nolplea". rhus tb.e

ta~•• co.nt.lnuttt.

the All\b-lemtAS. •r ot 1967 41d little to ~·the

repatatSotl of lhe Ullttett Uattoua oa an lult~U~e't at psao•

t:lth the 'Unlte4 Dtatea ud the ;:ovlet UDJoa .-S\te4 1so

poblle au~)l-!'t of OlJpOSJac sldae Ju the \fed ,..._ alt-.tlollt

tho oeeurity oovncSl co\11.4 XLOSttuu.• prtWtll' the outbr.st ot

tlgt.tt,Qg JlOr get the f~htJ.Dg stopped, before tlrael bat\

ac.t;.levat lta ob~ ectJvea u4 ,.. \£1!at to atop on tts o.­aceora. FU'l'th_.,ra• the fact that aa aoon as teutcn 8l'08e,

the UDitetlliatlons ~~.., ,_~ee meeklY aecept..S • 41Nottw fJ!Oil oue a!4e to 1-.ve, llbowe4 the v.U.a ot tile Sat ... tloMJ.

oJI{UlSatlolt to &efte •• an Jnstrta.t tor th• mJ.Dt--. ot ,_... !he aoqaaac• ot &welo_.,. Sa -.t AIS& 1•\ cre4eoe

to the dm'ge that tile tldte4 .tiatSou .. ltiii'91YIIt: DOt 'b,.Uie

tt bU pl&Je4 ent\ aaa plo.y etf'octlv• rol., lid btM.sQte ,..

wnRJLI 1•111

ua GMm• •••Sea a, PL•• "''• mae. PP• .~.,. - 11tl4.t pl-. •• lilft PP• S.la.

aat1oue deG.lrtt u orga,D •ere ttuq oea rake *P"eh• or ~· t-dbdoatlona. !tlere we vl4eeprea4 acntlmerlt that the

decSalve :ole l.n Bdttl.CII8Ut of the oolltlt.ct ,.. likely to be

p-84 JJOt br the tnllte·i Batlona ~ ,. tho ,. •"P• pow ..

b:rb;lag to b-.r tJutlr W"ltaaaco on tne!s' t"WJpoctl~e trl•c1111/

ollent..

AD ia,onat outooao of tbe AJ!alJ-Iaatl.l WI' wa 14\a

•a..-lt ... __,. bt'V.- 1Nii44Dt JOlUaaoa ea4 Pr._ XJDJne

lMJSin at GluabDfOt li_, lerflf/11• Aft_. cu.tan.&ID« .. 1lt

Oaflf&l IBaeMJ, the nnt.- ftlae Htatat. v•t t. 01u•• OJ1 m J\ae tD confer with the._.._.. Pft!Su.t. lllG iltllal

luted tor AGal'lY ,. holtft apr•aJaa over tsa .,.. e. talks report., covGH4 a wl!W 'l'flllee of toplel ... ..._ the

Atab-lnae\1 aor.dtlc\f n ... and •• - ~ ft ,..

aet wl\beat slgaltl.-ct tbat lobaaon ba4 .W .. , • •

redlii Of Glatill1010t •tile vorld al_\._ _, a Uttde 1tu 111

~eaUIII' • De._., tact that tho ••~'~•• U4 ....... 1•-. W

set aa4 pr&claSaed theb Jatcttoa to hlp Ja toaobt • ..,..

aotSce to bOth Ute Ja.rae\Ja M4 •• Aaba tbat Aa......,sevs.t d.Utarene• ov• 1be J.ab-ta•£1 Jsaue W\'44 ,.,, be .allow~ tD

• CRout of hat!l. :uo 1il0114e' \ihe Glaast.JO atadt,.. dlloft~

by c.n morloan eoutstatol" u ooe ot tho mn 11plotureaq• . l3R

Interlude~• In sovttt-~•srlOBD Nla\J.o.D. ·

1'he teCIIlDrJo wrJ.nc •• '»67 otlal• ud \NU't •• atb• d!tferent from that took place 1n the tao ct frSpartJt•

Am:reoatoa or mse. UlkSta ~ .. ba« then •m.a ot dtre QO.wteQII\lllce ~butt the lntwvtrntioDtata• ud .fltelldat

~·:!aenbever ha4 ro~r_.nae4 -vlth oqtal. -vJ.Gcn:tr, even \bo~ the

United ~tat• teo had ogpoa•4 tbe ~lo~•cb•luael ._.,.

'V«lttoa. Qn th• f':IIJ.rlter occasion, n'9014Sq; !Avolv.._, S. a

altatloa tbat ooUld lead tc dl·ren ooatroatatloa 'tilth the

"';ovtet 'OJlJoa w.s ot c\toS.Sve ••~-- te the taeJ.oM 1•a.atJ.S.p•

BIS Sa *'• the AGW od4Jtloll&l coul61atloc. wu tbe neeeesStr

of wnS., out JDdalltloa v!th. tt:.e so•let L'llf.on tor lltd.ttac

~· ao.ntllot. !hll d*'l• ,.. a r.r.L-'loa s.t the ntatlou ldWOGD the tvo. lc':oven• aDd the slow 811d #tea• -.J.utloa •t

tli•\le tD t.Uat pl'Oe•• • Mtml rS.-.lrr tor latlu_,. Ia a r«ton, M4 apecle1 JtotatSou wlth ta•u.t olleDtiJt ,. ..

aeceptfd, end aokUDV1~- ... a t\\o'· a. puelbJll\r ol

ooeuSollel C30Afll.eta •• a3ao POt l'\Ae4 out. file llltJ8~o•

ot conaUltatlon cm4 ~ oo-opeatJoa whc ncb a colatltd

_.., •• ~r•Ur •uioi4Y reoctBJ.iS..C Gad aet.S upq. ft s. ut•rtb.J In tb.Se coaaeotton tbat • ,_ .,._ batoro the

outbt-t?Ak ct s'boe,bg, necrettllrJ' ot Sta\e D.ut a•k !nfo;suel

coasreast.orall•a.e that; ~~~- tr ... MJalne t:lale YMfsSa

YM Glt*oo.ctT bl touch vlth iTtllthPt .Johnson aDd tba't 1:-oqgta

ba4 Dt'Ql)08&4 tbat t:ne nnlta4 States ud t'be f10v1et tl'l\!cn Should

work to&rotber to reatndn tt.o oppoa~~ sides. !hls _. tb•

'bade Nll aSgn1tJcant d!ttereoce between the lP8I and 100?

a1ttattoll8.

:rn :-, 1967, the AatU'Seaa -tllch eor~rud" cl.-rly !'..new

tbat the ~ovlet "Hlab ao..,r Wleted ln rGSU&lnt and SA

eoo~tlve action. ~ -.leail nigh co~ reoogl11ao4 u.' aueh a ooume was alao. 111 1te 1oag te'tl lnt_..,. tA order 1»

emee tbat tho altllltSon wu .auetoOd b)' the top l~p

ot the cons.r.-. S.t had «tpllted DO lwae a periOD t.llD t1le

t;eretar; ot St.a\e to CGJ.\Vtff the raasqe. It 1a apbw' tb£8

lllckt:OaDd •t the aov• ad~ "' the trnltecl state~ k ttae

e.tte.r:.ath ot JSI7 OOll-f"llot ...- 1le v1•e&.