Osteology:

The study of bone

Anatomical Terminology and Basic Bone Biology

1Vesalius

Skeletal Subdivisions

•Appendicular Skeleton

Shouldersand Hips

Limbs

Cranium

Sternum & Ribs

Vertebral Column

•Axial Skeleton

Pictures: http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/chapter-6-skeletal-system/deck/2211344

Skeletal Subdivisions

•Postcranial skeleton

•Cranial Skeleton

Anatomical Position

Prone

Supine

Pictures: http://quizlet.com/11106255/terminology-flash-cards/

•Anterior•Posterior•Superior• Inferior

Directional Terms

Pictures: http://anatomyproartifex.blogspot.com/2011_12_01_archive.html; Marie Dauenheimer

•Medial•Lateral•Proximal•Distal

Directional Terms

•Flexion

•Extension

8Terms for Movement

Terms of Movement

•Abduction•Adduction

Terms of Movement

•Medial rotation

•Lateral rotation

Terms of Movement

•Pronation

•Supination

Terms of Movement 12

•Circumduction

Overview of Joints: Fibrous 13

Overview of Joints: Cartilaginous 14

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

15Overview of Joints: Synovial

Basic Bone Biology

• Bone has both a mineral and an organic component• Organic: 90% is collagen (a type of protein)• Mineral: hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate)

• Has multiple functions:• Mechanical• Nutrient storage• Cell formation

• Is responsive to its environment

Classification by Size and Shape

17

Anatomy of a Long Bone

Anatomy of a Flat Bone

OpenStax College. 2013. Bone Structure. Connexions, June 3, 2013. http://cnx.org/content/m46281/1.3/.

Haversian Canal

Volkmann’s Canals

Spongy Bone at the Molecular Level

Bone Growth

Endochondral Ossification23

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RBpWSOl08

OpenStax College. 2013. Bone Structure. Connexions, June 3, 2013. http://cnx.org/content/m46281/1.3/.

Wolff’s Law = Form Follows Function25

In your bag… • How do the bones fit together?• Can you identify:• an epiphisis• a diaphysis• cortical bone• trabecular bone

• Is there a joint? If so, what kind? What movements are possible?• Using “Bucky” as a guide, can you determine what

bones you have?