OSTEOARTHRITIS AND YOU

I.M. Doctor, M.D.

My Office

My City, State

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The information in this presentation was provided to the presenter by the American Academy of

Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified.

Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is not implied or inferred.

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Osteoarthritis and You

Orthopaedics and the Bone and Joint Decade

Osteoarthritis

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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?

MD who specializes in treatment and health maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine)

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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?

The expert in treating the musculoskeletal system

The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal health

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Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon

College Medical School Internship Orthopaedic

Residency Fellowship (optional) 2 Years Practice

TOTAL

4414(1)2

16 years!16 years!

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What do orthopaedic surgeons do?

Diagnose Treat

Medication Physical Therapy Exercise Brace Surgery

Prevent

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Osteoarthritis

Your Orthopaedic Surgeon

Getting You Back In The Game

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Osteoarthritis

Nearly 27 million Americans age 25 and older have osteoarthritis

46 million U.S. adults report doctor-diagnosed arthritis

As the U.S. population ages, these numbers are likely to increase dramatically.

People who have doctor-diagnosed arthritis is projected to increase to 67 million in 2030.

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Bone Fibrous capsule

Joint space filled with synovial fluid Articular

cartilage

Synovial membrane

Synovial Joints

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Spine

HandsHips

KneesFingers

Osteoarthritis

Feet

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Pain

Avoidance of

Motion

IncreasedMuscle

Tightness

Loss of Motion

Osteoarthritis (Inflammation of Joints)

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Healthy Knee

Osteoarthritic Knee

Cartilage

Osteoarthritis

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Who is affected by osteoarthritis?

Before age 45, osteoarthritis occurs more frequently in males.

After age 45, it occurs more frequently in females

Gender:

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Burden of Disease

11 million visits to physicians offices 815,000 hospitalizations

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Symptoms

Pain in affected joints

Pain worse with prolonged overuse

Pain better with rest and exercise

Stiffness relieved by flexing

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Diagnosis

Physical exam X-rays Blood test to rule

out other diseases

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Diagnosis

Osteoarthritic kneeHealthy knee

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Diagnosis

Before your appointment:

Prepare to describe your symptoms

Gather medical history

Make list of medications

Write down questions and concerns

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Diagnosis

During Your Appointment1. What should I expect from my

treatment?2. What effect will my treatment

have on my daily activities?3. What can I do to prevent further

disability?

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Diagnosis

Location, duration, & character of symptoms

Appearance of joints Results of clinical

diagnosis tools

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Causes

Primary Osteoarthritis: Most Common

Thought to be result of aging Decreased ability of cartilage to repair

itself Ligaments and muscles supporting joints

weaken

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Causes

Secondary Osteoarthritis Obesity Trauma Surgery Abnormal joints Gout Diabetes Hormone disorders

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Treatment

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Treatment

Health and behavior modifications

Drug therapy Intra-articular treatment Surgery Experimental/alternative

treatments

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Medication: NSAIDs

NSAIDs are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Aspirin Ibuprofen Naproxen

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Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements

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Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements

Glucosamine

Chondroitin Sulfate

Some positive results Mild to moderate pain relief

If benefits not seen within 8 weeks, not likely

Proceed with caution

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Alternative Medicine

Complementary Approaches May:Ease symptoms

Improve outlook and attitude

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Alternative Medicine

Complementary Approaches Will Not:

Cure acute illnessReplace proven medical

treatments for osteoarthritis

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Exercise

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Exercise

Strengthening exercises can help

Correct positioning is critical

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Exercise Dos

Include flexibility, strengthening, and aerobic exercises

Exercise when pain and stiffness lowest

Exercise when you are not tired Exercise when medication

having greatest effect

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Exercise Dos

Always warm-up and cool down

Start slowly, progress gradually

Avoid becoming chilled or overheated when exercising

Use heat, cold, & other pain reducers

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Exercise Dos

Use aids like walking sticks or canes if needed

Expect minor discomfort Use two-hour rule: No more

pain two hours after exercising than before you started

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Exercise Dos

Talk to your doctor first

Consider athletic trainer or physical therapist

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Exercise Don’ts

Do too much too soon Hold your breath while

exercising Take extra medication

before unless your orthopaedic surgeon suggests it

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Heat & Ice

Moist Heat Towels, hot packs, bath, or

shower 15-20 minutes 3 times each day

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Heat & Ice

Cold Therapy Ice packs 10-15 minutes at a time

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Too Much Exercise

Consult your doctor if these symptoms are present:

Unusual or persistent fatigue Increased weakness Decreased range of motion Increased joint swelling Continued pain 1 hour after exercising

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Asking Questions About Surgery

Why? Alternatives Benefits and for how long?

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Asking Questions About Surgery

Duration of recovery? Assistance at home? How long? Disability after surgery? Physical therapy? Return to normal activity?

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Surgery

Arthroscopy Surgical abrasion

of cartilage

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Surgery

Pre-Osteotomy Post-Osteotomy

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Knee Hip

Surgery: Total Joint Replacement

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Name: Karen SkinnerAge: 51

Condition: Torn Meniscus and Osteoarthritis of Knee

Getting You Back in The Game

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Emerging Knowledge and Future Research

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AAOS Research Agenda

Developed a summary of common OA research questions

Moving beyond drug testing and surgical outcomes

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AAOS Research Agenda

1) Inflammatory response & OA disease

2) Important risk factors3) Genes that trigger OA4) Impact of improved implant

design5) Biological & mechanical factors

that influence OA

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OA Knee Research Agenda

6) Cartilage cell transplantation & other soft tissue grafts

7) Impact of standardized criteria for diagnosis

8) Exploration of factors that account for high incidence rates

9) Societal impact of OA10) Activity and exercise levels and OA

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Osteoarthritis

If you are experiencing chronic or recurring pain, stiffness, or swelling around a joint, consult your physician

Your orthopaedic surgeon can determine what type of arthritis you have and make treatment recommendations

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www.aboutarthritis.com

www.nih.gov/niams/

Resources

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What are your questions and concerns?

Osteoarthritis and You

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Thank you for participating today

Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon

can help get you back in the game

Osteoarthritis and You