TERM PAPEROPERATING SYSTEMTOPIC:- Which operating system is used in Nokia Mobile Phones and how it works?

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITYDATE OF SUBMISSION:15/11/2010

Submitted to: Mr. Gaurav Pushkarana

By: Summit Sakhre

Reg_id: 10803929

RE2803A10

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. What is operating system 2. When it was first implemented in

mobile phones3. Different operating system of

mobile phones 4. About nokia phones 5. Operating system of nokia phones 6. Features of Symbian7. Other operating system qualities 8. How it works9. Benefits of Symbian10. Conclusion 11. Result 12. Bibliography

WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM?

Today's mobile devices are multi-functional devices capable of hosting a broad range of applications for both business and consumer use. PDAs and the ever-growing category of smart phones allow people to access the Internet for e-mail, instant messaging, text messaging and Web browsing, as well as work documents, contact lists and more. Mobile devices are often seen as an extension to your own PC.  Work done on the road or away from the office can be synchronized with your PC to reflect changes and new information.

HISTORY

The increasing importance of mobile

devices has triggered intense competition

among technology giants, like Google,

Microsoft, Apple, and Nokia in a bid to

capture the bigger market share pre-

emptively. Palm, Research In

Motion and Ericsson are also significant

firms in the mobile platform sector. In

November 2007, Google formed a Linux-

based open source alliance to make inroads

into this mobile platform market, raising

consumer awareness of the growing mobile

platform frenzy.

Market description

Mobile platforms are in the nascent stage,

and any projection regarding the market

growth is hard to make at the present time. It

is noteworthy that Intel is taking the

initiative to focus on portable devices other

than mobile phones. They are Mobile

Internet Devices (MID) and Ultra-Mobile

PC (UMPC). Meantime, Palm abandoned its

plan to develop Foleo, which was to be a

companion device for a smartphone.

Operating systems that can be found

on smartphones like 

Nokia 's Symbian OS,

Apple's  iOS,

 RIM's BlackBerry OS , 

Microsoft 's Windows Phone OS,

Linux ,

Palm WebOS ,

Google 's Android,Samsung's 

Nokia 's Maemo.

Android,

Bada,

WebOS

The most common operating systems (OS)

used in smartphones by Q2 2009 sales are:

THE SYMBIAN OSThe Symbian OS and its successor Symbian platform from the Symbian Foundation 

Symbian has the largest share in most

markets worldwide, but lags behind other

companies in the relatively small but highly

visible North American market.[5] This

matches the success of its largest

shareholder and customer, Nokia, in all

markets except Japan. In Japan Symbian is

strong due to a relationship with NTT

DoCoMo, with only one of the 44 Symbian

handsets released in Japan coming from

Nokia.

It has been used by many major handset

manufacturers, including 

BenQ, Fujitsu, LG, Mitsubishi, Motorola, N

okia, Samsung, Sharp, andSony Ericsson.

Current Symbian-based devices are being

made by by Fujitsu, Nokia, Samsung,Sharp,

and Sony Ericsson.

Prior to 2009 Symbian supported multiple

user interfaces, i.e. UIQfrom UIQ

Technologies, S60 from Nokia, and MOAP

from NTT DOCOMO.

This OS is focused on easy operation and

was originally designed for business.

Recently it has seen a surge in third-party

applications and has been improved to offer

full multimedia support.

DIFFERENT OPERATING SYSTEM OF MOBILES

Mobile Operating Systems (Mobile OS)

Like a computer operating system, a mobile operating system is the software platform on top of which other programs run. When you purchase a mobile device, the manufacturer will have chosen the operating system for that specific device. The operating system is responsible for determining the functions and features available on your device, such as thumbwheel, keyboards, WAP, synchronization with applications, e-mail, text messaging and more. The mobile

operating system will also determine which third-party applications can be used on your device. Some of the more common and well-known Mobile operating systems include the following:

Symbian OS:

Symbian OS has become a standard operating system for smartphones, and is licensed by more than 85 percent of the world's handset manufacturers. The Symbian OS is designed for the specific requirements of 2.5G and 3G mobile phones.

Windows Mobile:

The Windows Mobile platform is available on a variety of devices from a variety of wireless operators. You will find Windows Mobile software on Dell, HP, Motorola, Palm and i-mate products. Windows Mobile powered devices are available on GSM or CDMA networks.

Mobile Linux:

The first company to launch phones with Linux as its OS was Motorola in 2003. Linux is seen as a suitable option for higher-end phones with powerful processors and larger amounts of memory.

MXI:

MXI is a universal mobile operating system that allows existing full-fledged desktop and mobile applications written for Windows, Linux, Java, and Palm are enabled immediately on mobile devices without any redevelopment. MXI allows for interoperability between various platforms, networks, software and hardware components.

ABOUT SYMBIAN OPERATING SYSTEM

Symbian OS is one of Nokia's mobile operating systems for mobile devices and smartphones, with associated libraries, user interface, frameworks and reference implementations of common tools.

originally developed by Symbian Ltd.

It is a descendant of Psion's EPOC and runs exclusively on ARM processors.

In 2008, the former Symbian Software Limited was acquired by Nokia and a new independent non-profit organization called the Symbian Foundation was established.

The platform has been designated as the successor to Symbian OS, following the official launch of the Symbian Foundation in April 2009. The Symbian platform was officially made available as open source code in February 2010.

Design

Symbian features pre-emptive multitasking and memory protection, like other operating systems (especially those created for use on desktop computers). EPOC's approach to

multitasking was inspired by VMS and is based on asynchronous server-based events.

Symbian OS was created with three systems design principles in mind:

the integrity and security of user data is paramount,

user time must not be wasted, and

all resources are scarce.

1. To best follow these principles, Symbian uses a microkernel, has a request-and-callback approach to services, and maintains separation between user interface and engine.

2. The OS is optimized for low-power battery-based devices and for ROM-based systems (e.g. features like XIP and re-entrance in shared libraries). Applications, and the OS itself, follow an object-oriented design: Model-view-controller (MVC).

3. Later OS iterations diluted this approach in response to market demands, notably with the introduction of a real-time kernel and a platform security model in versions 8 and 9.

The Symbian kernel (EKA2) supports sufficiently-fast real-time response to build a single-core phone around it — that is, a phone in which a single processor core executes both the user applications and the signaling stack. This has allowed Symbian EKA2 phones to become smaller, cheaper and more power efficient than their predecessors

Structure

The Symbian System Model contains the following layers, from top to bottom:

UI Framework Layer Application Services Layer

o Java ME

OS Services Layer

o generic OS services

o communications services

o multimedia and graphics services

o connectivity services

Base Services Layer

Kernel Services & Hardware Interface Layer

The Base Services Layer is the lowest level reachable by user-side operations; it includes the File Server and User Library, a Plug-In Framework which manages all plug-ins, Store, Central Repository, DBMS and cryptographic services. It also includes the Text Window Server and the Text Shell: the two basic services from which a completely functional port can be created without the need for any higher layer services.

FEATURES

Symbian has a microkernel architecture, which means that the

minimum necessary is within the kernel to maximize robustness, availability and responsiveness.

It contains a scheduler, memory management and device drivers, but other services like networking, telephony and filesystem support are placed in the OS Services Layer or the Base Services Layer.

Symbian includes a reference user-interface called "TechView".

It provides a basis for starting customisation and is the environment in which much Symbian test and example code runs.

It is very similar to the user interface from the Psion Series 5 personal organizer and is not used for any production phone user interface.

There is a large networking and communication subsystem.

There is also a large volume of user interface (UI) Code. Only the base classes and substructure were contained in Symbian OS, while most of the actual user interfaces were maintained by third parties.

RELEASED AS FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

The Symbian Foundation was announced in June 2008 and came into existence in 2009. Its objective was to publish the source for the entire Symbian platform under the OSI- and FSF-approved Eclipse Public License (EPL). The release of the Symbian platform deprecated Symbian OS as a standalone product.

DEVICES THAT USE SYMBIAN OS

On 16 November 2006, the 100 millionth smartphone running the OS was shipped. As of 21 July 2009, more than 250 million devices running Symbian OS had been shipped.

The Ericsson R380, in 2000, was the first commercially available phone based on Symbian OS. As with the modern "FOMA" phones, this device was closed, and the user could not install new C++ applications. Unlike those, however, the R380 could not even run Java applications, and for this reason, some have questioned whether it can properly be termed a 'smartphone'.

The UIQ interface was used for PDAs such as Sony Ericsson P800, P900, P1, W950 and the RIZR Z8 and RIZR Z10.

Fujitsu , Mitsubishi, Sony Ericsson and Sharp developed phones for NTT DoCoMo in Japan, using an interface developed specifically for DoCoMo's FOMA "Freedom of Mobile Access" network brand. This UI platform is called MOAP "Mobile Oriented Applications Platform" and is based on the UI from earlier Fujitsu FOMA models.

Security

Malware

Symbian OS was subject to a variety of viruses, the best known of which is Cabir. Usually these send themselves from phone to phone by Bluetooth. So far, none have taken advantage of any flaws in Symbian OS – instead, they have all asked the user whether they would like to install the software, with somewhat prominent warnings that it can't be trusted.

Symbian OS work

Symbian OS (operating system) is an operating system designed specifically for mobile devices. It is being developed by Symbian Ltd, a software licensing company that supplies the operating system for many data-enabled mobile phones.

As operating system software, Symbian OS provides the underlying routines and services for application software. For example, email software that interacts with a user through a mobile phone screen and downloads email messages to the phone’s inbox over a mobile network or Wi-Fi access, is using the communication protocols and file management routines provided by the Symbian OS.

Symbian OS technology has been designed with these key points in mind:

to provide power, memory and input & output resource management specifically required in mobile devices

to deliver an open platform that complies with global telecommunications and Internet standards

to provide tools for developing mobile software for business, media and other applications

to ensure the wide availability of applications and accessories for different user requirements

to facilitate wireless connectivity for a variety of networks About Symbian OS

Nokia has made Symbian OS its strategic choice for Smartphone operating systems. Nokia S60 Software, currently the most widely used software platform in the Smartphone market worldwide, runs on Symbian OS - as does the advanced Nokia Series 80 Communicator devices. The Symbian OS-based Nokia Series 90 platform delivers touch screen technology and an advanced software development environment for media-rich applications.

Symbian OS architecture

Symbian OS architecture is designed to meet a number of requirements. It must be hardware independent so it can be used on a variety of phone types, it must be extendable so it can cope with future developments, and it must be open to all to develop for.

Architectural overview

Core- Symbian OS core is common to all devices, i.e. kernel, _ le server, memory management and device drivers. Above this core, components can be added or removed depending on the product requirements. System Layer _ the system layer provides communication and computing services such as TCP/IP, IMAP4, SMS and database management. Application engines _ above the Systems Layer sit the Application

engines, enabling software developers (be they either employed by the phone manufacturer or independent) to create user interfaces to data." User Interface Software _ can be made or licensed by manufacturers (for example in the case of the Nokia Series 60 platform)." Applications _ are slotted in above the User Interface.

Benefits of Symbian OS

Wide selection of applications

available for a range of mobile

phones

Implements industry standard

protocols, interfaces and

management services for IT system

integration

Application development using

industry standard Java and C++

languages

Extensive connectivity options -

including GSM, GPRS, CDMA,

WCDMA, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth

Event management: Symbian OS

was designed from the start to have

event-based time sharing in a single

thread. Rather than more

conventional methods of having

multi-threaded applications,

Symbian OS enables the developer

to think in terms of interactions and

behaviors as the main Artifact

Object oriented design: Because

Symbian has an object-oriented

design, it is easy to configure for

different sorts of hardware, and

being component-based, it allows

manufacturers to add or remove

components.

Full multitasking: Symbian OS runs

each application as a separate

process _ allowing multiple

applications to run concurrently. For

instance, if a user is checking the

calendar, and receives a call, the

system must allow the user to switch

between applications

instantaneously. Equally, should the

phone call result in an appointment

the user must be able to check the

calendar _ and still maintain the

phone call. As phones become more

data enabled, this ability will become

ever more important.

CONCLUSION

In this era of modern technology we will see that is very essential to move with the fast world with new and modernized operating systems of nokia. Smartphones are very important like nokia e 72 , e71 etc .. which are playing the vital role in day to day use of business and student study purpose helping to services like 3g, gprs etc

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. www.91mobiles.com/.../OS+X+Snow+Leopard+Benefits+for+a+Windows+Switcher.html

2. Electronics and communication by j b dixit

3. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_system

4. www.techworld.com.au/article/.../iphone_os_4_0_benefits_road_warriors/

5. www.techworld.com.au/article/.../iphone_os_4_0_benefits_road_warriors/