Organizational Structure

Basic Theories in Educational Administration(EDA 6565)

Instructor:Dr Mohd Johdi Salleh

INSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONINTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

Presenter:Nahdi Samae | G0921795

Institute of Education | IIUM11th May 2010

Content

• OVERVIEW• CONCEPT• CLASSICAL MODELS• AXIOMATIC THEORY• ALTERNATIVES• REMARKS• REFERENCE

Overview

• DefinitionIt is a framework for vertical control and horizontal coordination of the organization, mainly hierarchical concept of subordination of entities that collaborate and contribute to serve one common aim.

• The structure depends entirely on the organization's objectives and the strategy chosen to achieve them.

• An organization chart illustrates the organizational structure and how it intends authority, responsibility etc.

Overview (cont’)

Organization Chart

Rector

Deputy Rector Deputy Rector Deputy Rector Administration Deputy Rector

Concept

• Organizations are a variant of clustered entities. An organization can be structured in many different ways and styles and will determine the modes in which it operates and performs

Concept

Centralize

Authority

Chain of Command

Departmental

Job Specialize

Span of Mgt

Classical Models

• Pre-bureaucratic (Before 1950s)structures lack standardization of tasks. This structure is most common in smaller organizations and is best used to solve simple tasks. The structure is totally centralized

• Bureaucratic structures have a certain degree of standardization. They are better suited for more complex or larger scale organizations. They usually adopt a tall structure.

Bureaucratic Model Characteristics

• Division of Labor• Rules• Hierarchy of Authority• Impersonality• Competence

Axiomatic Theory of Organizations

• DefinitionAn axiom is an established rule or principle or a self-evident truth

Theorist

• Jerald Hage– Professor in Sociology, University of Wisconsin– Proposed the theory in 1965– Based on theories of

Weber, Barnard and Thompson

8

7

2

Concept

• Organizational Means

The 8 Variables

COMPLEXITY

• Organizational Means

CENTRALIZATION

The 8 Variables

• Organizational Means

FORMALIZATION

The 8 Variables

• Organizational Means

STRATIFICATION

The 8 Variables

• Organizational Ends

The 8 Variables

Adaptiveness

• Organizational Ends

Production

The 8 Variables

• Organizational Ends

Efficiency

The 8 Variables

• Organizational Ends

Job Satisfaction

The 8 Variables

The 7 Propositions

Centralization

Production

The 7 Propositions

Formalization

Efficiency

The 7 Propositions

Centralization

Formalization

The 7 Propositions

Stratification

Production

The 7 Propositions

Stratification

Job Satisfaction

The 7 Propositions

Stratification

Adaptiveness

The 7 Propositions

Complexi

ty

Centralization

THE 2 SYSTEMS

Mechanistic(Bureaucratic)

Organic(Professional)

MECHANISTIC

ORGANIC

AXIOMATIC THEORY

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

Alternative Theories

• McGregor: Theory X and Theory Y• Individual vs. Organization• System 4 Organization• Shaping School Culture• Moral Leadership• School Based Management• Total Quality Management• Compliance Theory• Simple Structure• Islamic Perspectives

Remark

• facilitate working relationships between various entities in the organization

• support command for coping with a mix of orders and a change of conditions while performing work.

• allow for application of individual skills• Therefore it shall be altered from time to time

to enable recovery.

Reference

• Abbas Ali.(2005) Islamic perspectives on Management and Organization. USA Edward Elgar Publishing Inc.

• Hage, J. “An Axiomtic Theory of Organizations,” Administrative Science Quaterly, 10 (1965):289-320.

• Lunenberg, F & Ornstein, A (2000) Educational Administration: Concepts and Practices (3rd ed) USA, Wadsworth/Thompson Learning

• Silver, P. (1983) educational Administration: Theoretical Perspectives on Practice and Research. NY, Harper and Row.

• http://www.merriam-webster.com/• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Thank You