QUALITY MANAGEMENT

0RGANIZATION STRUCTURE

It depend on business of functions and the management personnel. The knowledge of factor that can influence it are as follows.:-

1. Company policies and objectives:- every component of the organization should strive towards their achievement of the objectives. The philosophy and attitude of the company towards quality management has influence on the organization.

2. Types of business:- the business can be with fixed method for manufacture for specific customer where the sales are generally assured by long term contracts . In such cases product are well established and no quality problem. Or business can be diversified having many product type. Hence, a specialized and large quality organization may be needed.

3. Types of product:- different products has different parameter and requirements.

4. Company size and organization :- the quality management is a staff and service function for providing service to other section of a company. Organization structure itself decide the quality organization. Most of the quality function design by the quality manager and divisional type by the various division.

5. Market and customers:- the circle of quality begin and end with the customer.

ORGANIZATION DESIGN There are three basic steps in designing any

organization.1. Identification and grouping of jobs:- there

are various tasks to be carried out for achievement of objectives are identified. Grouping of these task in to set of similar jobs.

2. Allocation of authority and responsibility:- specific set of jobs to the individuals with clearly defined authority and responsibility are allocated.

3. Establishment of co-operative relationships:- various group are ensured to work as a team as their work is complimentary.

QUALITY FUNCTIONS The quality functions have two distinct groups :-

1. Quality engineering:- specialist staff functions, activities connected with the development, defining, and planning of quality during the preproduction stage.

Important works are :-i. Laying down realistic quality objectives and advice to the

management on quality policy.ii. Formulation of design specifications and analysis of

customer quality requirements.iii. Improving quality and reducing quality costiv. Preparation of product specification and defining quality

standardv. Formulation of procedure to ensure quality conformancevi. Inspection methods

i. Process capability studies workii. Quality cost analysisiii. Planning and quality control for incoming stores, materials.iv. Company quality auditv. Quality training program me

Quality control:-it aim to ensure the quality conformance of products. Important elements are:

i. Help in establishing quality controls in manufacturing processii. Process control equipment maintenance iii. Defect investigation and assistance in solving quality

problems iv. Stage or inter stage inspectionv. Assessment of the quality of end product and effectiveness of

quality controlvi. To ensure that the product is able to withstand transportation vii. Testing for measurement and analyzing of goods based

customer complaints.viii. Defect data and customer complaints feedback

DECENTRALIZATION OF QUALITY FUNCTIONS

All work elements need not be performed by the quality department.

It may be performed by individual or group. The allocation of various quality tasks may be given to

department or sections. The operation of process control, stage, and interstage

inspection may be delegated to the production. Inward material may be delegated to the purchasing

department and technically competent person. Advantages:- Smooth flow of production Less interdepartmental friction POINTS:- The longer feedback loop gives slow reactions A large scale, decentralization require established quality

control program me

QUALITY AS A STAFF FUNCTION

Organization staff refers to those position and elements of an organization which have responsibility and authority and are accountable for accomplishment of primary objectives.

Staff elements have responsibility and authority for providing advice and service.

In line organization orders and instructions are transmitted from top to bottom.

Relationship- superior and subordinate Staff has no direct authority The staff members, are delegated authority of issuing

certain types of instruction on the behalf of chief. Instruction can be modified or cancelled if instruction

can not be complied.

ORGANIZATION DESIGN FOR QUALITY PRODUCT

The design of organization structure is top to downwards.

Quality manager has to provide necessary staff advice and service to the company.

Manager has to take decision if he will be able to take fully responsibility like delegation of portion of authority.

The grouping of the work elements, quantity work , and the areas of deployment decide the no's of subordinates.