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Organization of the Human BodyBody SystemsBody Cavities
Anatomy – the structure of what makes up the body
Physiology – the function of the things in the body
Levels of OrganizationA. Cells
B. Tissues
C. Organs
D. Organ systems
E. Organism
A. Cells• How many different types of cells are in
your body?
• Examples
B. Tissues• Examples:
1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Nervous
4. Muscle
1. Epithelial - sheets of closely packed cells that cover the surface of your body and your organs
2. Connective tissue - holds together and supports other tissues
Examples
• Blood
• Fat (adipose)
• Bone
• Cartilage
3. Nervous tissue - for communication and response• Neuron –the structural and functional units
of our nervous system
Examples• Longest nerve in the
human body - Sciatic nerve in legs
4. Muscle tissue – for movement1. Skeletal - those attached to the
skeleton (voluntary)
2. Cardiac - our heart muscle (involuntary)
3. Smooth - make up our internal organs (involuntary)
C. Organs
• Examples
D. Organ Systems – 11 of them!
Skeletal System
• Largest bone – femur
• Smallest bone – stapes– Size of a grain of rice
Muscular System• Largest (SA) –
latissimus dorsi in your back
You use 200 muscles for every step you take!
• Longest – sartorius across front of leg• Smallest – stapedius connects stapes in sensitive middle ear
• Strongest – masseter in jaw
E. Organism
• Example
BODY CAVITIES
I. Dorsal(back)• A. Cranial
• B. Spinal
II. Ventral(front)
A.Thoracic
1. Mediastinum
2. Pleural
B. Abdominal
C. Pelvic
What’s found in the thoracic cavity?
• Heart
• Lungs
• Esophagus
• Trachea
What’s found in the abdominal cavity?
• Stomach
• Intestines
• Liver
• Kidneys
What’s found in the pelvic cavity?
• Bladder
• Reproductive organs
Regions of the Fetal Pig
• Cranial
• Pectoral
• Pelvic
• Caudal
Directional Terminology
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Dorsal
• Ventral
Estimate your pig’s age
Size Time
40 mm 54 days
80 mm 68 days
100 mm 75 days
158 mm 86 days
22 cm26 cm28 cm
100 days107 days110 days
30 cm 114 days
