Upload
eugenia-hubbard
View
215
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
.
.
Family and Community Health AreaChild and Adolescent Health Unit
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
.
.
The role of the family incommunity-based initiativesto meet the MillenniumDevelopment Goals– The potential of JCIs
2004 JCI-UN Leadership Summit
New York, NY
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
International summits and
resolutions The family should receive comprehensive protection and
support
Recognition of families and other local actors as key players in health promotion
Reorientation of health services to include a family focus
Policies and laws that support and contribute to family’s rights, stability and equality
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Foundations of a family
health approach
Family, a setting where:
– Culture, values, and norms of society are first molded
– Health behavior and decisions are first established
– Families and communities that are empowered show increased awareness and higher demand for quality health services
– Social support networks are established at the community level, workplace, and through social and religious groups
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
MDG Goal 4
Target 5
Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
PAHOFamily andCommunity
HealthArea (FCH)
Neonates
Infants
Children
Adolescents
Young Adults
Adults
Th
e E
lder
ly
MDG 6:
Combat HIV/AIDS,
Malaria& other Diseases
MDG 5:Improve Maternal
Health
MDG 4:Reduce Child
Mortality
Pregnancies
MDG 1:Eradicate
Extreme Poverty & Hunger
3 x 5 Initiative
Healthy lifestyles
MDG 8: Develop
partnerships
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Tackles the major killers of children through prevention and treatment by improving skills of
health staff, health systems and family and community practices
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
WHO/UNICEFKey family practices
Core set of practices that contribute to a child’s survival and healthy growth at the community level
• Promote physical growth and mental development• Prevent disease• Facilitate appropriate home care• Facilitate care seeking behaviors
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Strengthening collaboration between the health sector, family and community
CHW
++++++++
Family
Health services
Family and community
Other sectorsEffective health
system
Faith-based org. Faith-based org.
Universities
NGOs
Caritas Mayor
Schools
CHW
Volunteers
JCIs
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
The family and reaching the millennium
development goals
About 30,000 children die every day – 10 million every year globally
Almost 50% of all infant deaths occur in the first 28 days after birth
To reduce child mortality by 66% by 2015 we need to change how we do child survival programing…. Right now !!!
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004 Child and Adolescent Health and Development
What Are Children Dying From in the World?2002
Sources: Cause-specific mortality: EIP/CAH/WHO; Malnutrition: Pelletier DL, et al. AMJ Public Health 1993; 83:1130-3.
ARI18%
Diarrhoea15%
Malaria10%
Measles5%
HIV4%
Perinatal23%
Other25%
Deaths associated with
malnutrition
54%
Sources: Cause-specific mortality: EIP/CAH/WHO; Malnutrition: Pelletier DL et al AMJ Public Health 1993:83:1130-3
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Child and Adolescent Health and Development
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99
Estimate at five-year intervals
Und
er-fi
ve m
orta
lity
rate
(p
er 1
000
live
birt
hs)
Source: Data from Ahmad O et al. The decline in child mortality: a reappraisal. Bull WHO; 2000, 78:1175-91
Under-Five Mortality by WHO Region – Achieving the MDG
Africa
S E AsiaE Med
W Pacific
AmericasEurope
Source: Data from Ahmad O et al. The decline in child mortality: a reappraisal. Bull WHO;2000,78:1175-91
Under-five mortality rate by WHO RegionAchieving the MDGs
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Child and Adolescent Health and Development
Under-Five MortalityThe Millennium Development Goal
Source: Data from Ahmad OB et al. The decline in child mortality: a reappraisal. Bull WHO, 2000, 70:1175-91, with trend extended through 2015 (in red) and linear trend needed to achieve 2/3 reduction from 1990 levels.
Under-fi
ve m
ort
alit
y per
1000
Global trends in under-five mortality, 1960-2000, with projections to 2015
To achieve MDG
If recent trends continue
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
We know enough to act !!
Available, feasible interventions could prevent 6 million (63%) child deaths
worldwide if improved preventive interventions are made
in the home and community
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Selected results for prevention interventions
Prevention Intervention Number (thousands)
Deaths prevented as proportion of all child deaths
Breastfeeding 1301 13%
Insecticide-treated materials 691 7%
Complementary feeding 587 6%
Zinc 459 5%
H influenzae vaccine 403 4%
Antiseptic delivery 411 4%
Water, sanitation, hygiene 326 3%
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
JCI country advances for selected countries
• Brazil – PAHO/WHO and UNICEF Child Health Project underway
• Dominican Republic – National plan developed with 18 national chapters to promote key family practices
• Peru – IMCI community training and promotion of key family practices
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
PAHO key priority countries
BoliviaHaitiHondurasGuyanaNicaragua
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Countries’ Contribution to the Achievement of the Millennium Development Goal 4
Region of the Americas
Mortality in children less than 5 years old
(per 1,000 live births)
Deaths to prevent 2000-2015
% of Regional Deaths
prevented
Key Priority Countries
39,400 13.2%
>50 51,400 17.2%
30-49 165,900 55.7%
10-29 23,282 7.8%
<10 18,019 6.0%
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
What JCIs can do• May 2002 – Regional declaration JCI/PAHO to support the
IMCI Strategy
• Advocate the use of MDGs in national development agendas and business coalitions
• Community involvement with families to promote key family practices
• Strengthen networks and partnerships with local authorities, civil society, NGOs, private sector, and other key partners to increase access to services
• Meet with PAHO/WHO Country Representative and Ministry of Health for planning
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
JCIs can save lives……!!
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Thank you …
Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004
Celebrating 100 Years of Health