Organic notes

7/21/2019 Organic notes

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Organic Chemistry Testbank 1

History of Organic Chemistry

The first organic chemical to be synthesized in a lab from inorganic chemicals wasa. ethanol c. methaneb. sugar d. urea

The first person to synthesis an organic chemical from inorganic chemicals wasa. August Kekul c. Friedrich Whler b. !ohn "alton d. #aymond $e%ieu&

The A'italism@theory in organic chemistry held thata. organic chemicals can only be obtained from li'ing organismsb. organic chemicals can only be obtained from dead organismsc. organic chemicals can only be obtained from li'ing or dead organismsd. organic chemicals can be obtained from any source of chemicals( organic or

inorganic.Long Answer:

)&plain why Whlers synthesis of urea by heating ammonium cyanate crystals was a landmarke'ent in the study of organic compounds.

Definition of Organic Chemistry*rganic chemicals

a. are all the compounds of carbon including the ionic compoundsb. are all the molecular compounds of carbon e&cept the o&idesc. are all the ionic compounds of carbon including the o&idesd. can only be made by li'ing organisms

Throughout history there ha'e been many definitions of organic chemistry. The modern definitionof organic chemistry refers to the study of

a. ionic compounds of carbonb. molecular compounds of carbonc. non+li'ing substances onlyd. substances deri'ed from li'ing things.

Which is an organic chemical,

a. -a-* c. -l/b. --l0 d. -*/

Which is NOTan organic chemical,

a. --** c. -02*

b. -*/ d. --l0Which is NOTan organic chemical,

c. --* c. -/3*

d. -4r0 d. -*Which substance is organic,

a. Ag-l c. 50-5b. Ag*-5 d. 65/7/-*

Multitude of Organic ChemicalsWhich statement is true,

a. -arbon can bond in chains with branches( but cannot form ringsb. -arbon can form single bonds( but not double and triple bonds.


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Organic Chemistry Testbank /

c. -arbon can bond in chains with branches( in rings( and with single( double andtriple bonds

d. -arbon cannot form rings with double bonds or branches on themWhich statement is true,

a. *'er 89: of all known compounds are organicb. *'er 89: of all known compounds are inorganicc. There are about / times as many inorganic compounds as organic compoundsd. There are about / times as many organic compounds as organic compounds

There are thousands of times more organic than inorganic compounds. The enormous number ofcarbon compounds is belie'ed to be due( in large part( to the

a. high bonding capacity of a carbon atom.b. ability of carbon atoms to form co'alent bonds with hydrogen.c. high number of lone pairs of electrons of a carbon atom.d. large 'ariety of chemical reactions of elemental carbon

hort Answer;$ist three factors that contribute to the tremendous di'ersity of carbon compounds relati'e to thenumber of inorganic compounds.

b. -0( -//(-3c. ->( -3(-0 d. -/0( -3(-0>

Which term describes this group of compounds,chloromethane( chloroethane( 1+chloropropane( 1+chlorobutane

a. aldehydes c. functional isomersb. aromatics d. homologous series

Alkanes!traight chain alkanesAlkanes are;

a. organic compounds containing one or more carbon+carbon double bondsb. special group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbonsc. organic compounds containing one or more carbon+carbon triple bondsd. hydrocarbons that contain only single co'alent bonds

ow many double co'alent bonds are in an alkane,

a. none c. one


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Organic Chemistry Testbank

b. two d. The number 'ariesow many carbons are in a molecule of he&ane,

a. b. 0

b. ? d. 3What is the name of the alkane ha'ing fi'e carbons,

a. he&ane c. methaneb. octane d. pentane

What increment of change occurs between propane and butane in the alkane series,4

a. +-+ b. +-/+

b. +-+ d. +-/@Which of the following is a condensed structural diagram for propane,

a. ->b. -+-/+- d.

c. -+-+-What is the name of the molecule on the right,

a. butaneb. pentanec. propaned. tetrane

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. butaneb. pentanec. propaned. he&ane

What is the BCA- name of the compound on the right,a. butane

b. decane

c. propane

d. pentaneWhat is the name of the straight chain alkane with 2 carbons,

a. pentane c. he&eneb. heptane d. octyne

"ranched Alkanes + NomenclatureWhich condensed structural formula represents the alkyl group called ethyl,

a. -- c. -/-b. -/-/ d. --

What is the name of an alkyl group that contains two carbon atoms,a. diphenyl c. dimethylb. ethyl d. propyl

What prefi& is used to represent the substituent -+-/+-/+,a. ethyl+ c. methyl+b. propyl+ d. pentyl

f a substituent appears four times in an organic compound( what prefi& is used,

a. di+ c. mono+

C C C C C

H H H

CCC H

HHH

C3

2

C 2

CH3

CH2CH2

CH2CH2

CH


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b. penta+ d. tetra+What is the name of the compound on the right,

a. /(0+diethyl+/+methylhe&aneb. +ethyl+?(?+dimethylheptanec. ?+ethyl+(+dimethylheptaned. (?+diethyl+?+methylhe&ane

What is the BCA- name of compound on the right,a. /+ethyl++dimethylhe&aneb. /+ethyl+(+diemethylhe&anec. 0(0(?+trimethylheptaned. (0(0+trimethylheptane

What is the BCA- name of compound on the right,a. /(+dimethylpentane

b. (0+dimethylpentanec. (0(0 +trimethylbutaned. /((0+trimethylbutane

What is the BCA- name of compound on the right,

a. trimethylpentaneb. /+methyl++methyl+0+methylpentanec. /(/+dimethyl++methylpentaned. /((0+trimethylpentane

What is the BCA- name of compound on the right,a. /+ethyl+/(0(?+trimethylpentaneb. /+ethyl+/(0+dimethylhe&anec. (?(?+trimethylheptaned. ((?+trimethylheptane

What is the correct BCA- name for the compound shown below,-.-6-/.-7.-6-7/

a. /(+dimethyl pentane c. 1(1(/+trimethyl butaneb. /+ethyl++methyl butane d. (0+dimethyl pentane

Which is the condensed structural formula for /(/(+trimethylbutane,

a. --/6-7-6-7/ c. --6-7/-6-7b. --6-7/-6-7/ d. --/-6-7-6-7

What is the BCA- name for this compound, --6-7-6-7.a. /(/(+trimethylbutane c. tetramethylpropaneb. 1(1(1(/+tetramethylpropane d. heptane

CH2

CH3

CH2 CH2 C CH3

CH

CH

C3 CH

CH C

CH

3

H


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C C

C C

C

C

H

H

H

H

HH

H

H

3

CH CH CH2 CH2 CH3

3 2

C C

CH2 CH3

Organic Chemistry Testbank ?

Alkenes # NomenclatureAlkenes are;


Which hydrocarbon contains a double carbon to carbon bond,a. 1+butene c. /+methylbutaneb. 1+butyne d. cyclobutane

Which compound is an alkene,a. butyne c. pentaneb. nonene d. propanone

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. /+ethyl++propyl+1+pentene

b. /(+diethyl+0+methyl+1+pentenec. +ethyl+/(0+dimethyl0+he&ened. (0+diethyl+/+methyl+0+pentene

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. /(+dimethyl+0+propyl+0+penteneb. /(+dipropyl+1+butenec. (0+dimethyl+/+propyl+1+pentened. 0(?(3+trimethyl+0+heptene

What is the BCA- name of this compound,a. 1(1+dimethyl+/+buteneb. /+methyl++pentene

c. 0+methyl+/+pentened. methylhe&ane

According to the rules established by chemists( what is the BCA- name of thecompound on the right,

a. 1+methyl+1+penteneb. ?+methyl+0+pentenec. /(+he&ened. /+he&ene.

"etermine the BCA- name for the following molecule;a. /(?+dimethyl+/+he&eneb. /(?+dimethyl+0+he&enec. /(?+dimethyl+/+heptened. /(?+dimethyl+0+heptene

What is the name for the following molecule,a. /+ethyl+/+penteneb. 0+ethyl++pentenec. +methyl++he&ene

CH2 C CH

2

CH

CH C

CH3

H3

CH2 C CH

2

CH3

CH CHCH2H3


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d. 0+methyl++he&eneThe correct name for the compound 6-7/-.-6-7.-/.-;-/is;

a. 0(?(?+trimethyl+1+pentene b. 0(?+dimethyl+1+he&enec. /(+dimethyl+?+he&ene d. 0+propyl+0+methyl+1+butene

Alkynes # NomenclatureAlkynes are;


What is the name of the smallest alkyne,

a. butyne c. ethyne

b. methyne d. propyneWhat is the name of the molecule on the right,

a. 0(0+diethyl+/+butyneb. 0+ethyl+/+he&ynec. +ethyl+0+he&yned. 1(1+diethyl+/+butyne

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. 1(3(3(3+tetramethyl+/+pentyneb. /(/+dimethyl+0+heptynec. /(/(3+trimethyl+0+he&yned. 3(3+dimethyl++heptyne

Which is the condensed structural diagram for 0+methyl+/+pentyne,

a.

CH

C

CH2

CH

CH3

CH3

c. CH3

CH C C CH3

CH3

b. CH3

CH

CH

CH

CH3

CH3

d. CH2

CH

CH2

CH

CH3

CH3

What is the name of the molecule CH3 C CH ,a. acetylene c. propyneb. 1+butyne d. propene

Cycloalkanes$ cylcoalkene # Nomenclature

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. ethylbenzene

CH2 C C CH

C

CC3

CH3

C3

C3 C C CH

CH C

2


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b. ethylcyclohe&anec. phenylethaned. propylcyclohe&ane

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. butylcyclohe&aneb. phenylpropanec. propylbenzened. propylcyclohe&ane

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. ethylcyclopentaneb. pentylcyclopropanec. propylcylclopentaned. propylcyclohe&ane

What is the name of the molecule on the right,

a. /+ethylcyclopenteneb. +ethylcyclopentenec. /+ethyl+/+cyclopentened. ?+ethyl+/+cyclopentene

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. /+methylcyclohe&eneb. +methylcyclohe&enec. 0+methylcyclohe&ened. ?+methylcyclohe&ene

Delect the proper order of stability from least to most stable for the following cycloalkenes;

A B C

a. A( 4( - c. -( A( 4b. 4( -( A d. -( 4( A

im%le Aromatics # nomenclatureWhat is the name of the molecule on the right,

a. /+butylbenzeneb. butylbenzenec. phenylbutaned. propylbenzene

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. butylbenzeneb. /+pentylbenzene

2

CH2 CH

2

CH2

2

CH2


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Organic Chemistry Testbank >

c. pentylbenzened. phenylpentane

What is the BCA- name of the compound on the right,

a. pentylcyclohe&ane

b. cyclopentylhe&ane

c. pentylbenzene

d. he&ylbenzeneWhat is the BCA- name of the compound on the right,

a. butylbenzeneb. phenylbutanec. propylbenzened. phenylpropane

&henyl "ranches # nomenclature

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. 1(1(0+trimethyl+0+phenylbutaneb. /(0+dimethyl+?+phenylpentanec. /(0+dimethyl+/+pentylbenzened. /(0+dimethyl+1+phenylpentane

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. /+methyl++ethyl+1+phenylbutaneb. /(+dimethyl+1+phenylpentanec. /(+dimethyl+1+pentylbenzened. (0+dimethyl+?+phenylpentane

What is the BCA- name for the molecule on the right,

a. /+pentylbenzeneb. /+phenypentanec. 1 +methyl+1+phenylbutaned. pentylbenzene

ow many phenyl groups does the following molecule ha'e,a. 9c. /b. 1d. 3

Disubstituted ben'enesWhat is another acceptable name for 1(+dimethylbenzene,

a. m+dimethylbenzene c. o+dimethylbenzeneb. n+dimethylbenzene d. p+dimethylbenzene

What is another acceptable name for 1(0+dimethylbenzene,a. m+dimethylbenzene c. o+dimethylbenzeneb. n+dimethylbenzene d. p+dimethylbenzene

What is another acceptable name for 1(/+dimethylbenzene,a. m+dimethylbenzene c. o+dimethylbenzeneb. n+dimethylbenzene d. p+dimethylbenzene

2

CH

2

CH

CH3 CH3

2

C

CH

CH CH

C

CH

2

C

C


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What is the name of the molecule on the right,

a. ethylmethylbenzene

b. o+ethylmethylbenzene

c. m-ethylmethylbenzene

d. p-ethylmethylbenzeneWhat is the name of the compound on the right,

e. diethylbenzene

f. m+diethylbenzene

g. o+diethylbenzene

h. p+diethylbenzeneWhat is the name of the molecule on the right,

a. ethylpropylbenzeneb. o+ethylpropylbenzenec. m-ethylpropylbenzened. p-ethylpropylbenzene

What is the BCA- name for the isomeric compound on the right,a. 1(/+dichlorobenzeneb. 1(+dichlorobenzenec. /(/+dichlorobenzened. /(3+dichlorobenzene

Which of the following molecules isp+ethylmethylbenzene,

a. b.

c. d.(nits of (nsaturation!general formulasWhat type of hydrocarbon is the compound on the right, -+-/+-/+-/+-/+-

a. aliphatic c. cyclic

b. aromatic d. unsaturatedWhich hydrocarbon is saturated,

a. -33 c. -31/b. -319 d. -310

Which is the formula of a saturated hydrocarbon,a. -// c. -/0b. -?> d. -?1/

Which is the formula of a saturated hydrocarbon,

CCH3


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a. -/-/ c. -33b. ---/ d. 6-7-

A saturated continuous+chain hydrocarbon with se'en carbons is EEEEE.a. cycloheptene c. hepteneb. heptane d. heptyne

Which of the following compounds is an unsaturated hydrocarbon,a. methane c. nonaneb. propyne d. ethyl

ow many units of unsaturation does the molecular formula -?>ha'e,a. none c. twob. one d. three

ow many units of unsaturation does the molecular formula -21/ha'e,a. none c. twob. one d. three

Which could be a molecular formula for an organic chemical with one ring and one double bond,

a. -?19 c. -?>b. -310 d. -31/

Which could be a molecular formula for an organic chemical with one ring,

a. -?19 c. -?>b. -310 d. -319

Which could be a molecular formula for a non+cyclic hydrocarbon with two double bonds,

a. -?19 c. -?>b. -310 d. -31/

What is the molecular formula for (+diethyl+0+methyl+1+he&yne,a. -191> c. -11//b. -11/9 d. -1///

Which formula represents a member of the alkene series,a. -3 c. -//

b. -/3 d. -33Which formula represents a member of the alkane family,

a. -3 c. -//b. -/3 d. -33

What is the general formula for a continuous+chain alkane,

a. -nn c. -n/n+/b. -nn/ d. -n/n/

To which class of aliphatic hydrocarbons does -/??/belong,a. alkanes c. alkynesb. alkenes d. aromatics

Which of the following molecules is a saturated hydrocarbon,

a. b.


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c. d.

)somers:Which molecule is NOT an isomer of -0>,

a. c.

b. d.Which molecule is NOTan isomer of -?1/,

a. c.

b. d.

->13could ha'e isomers witha. one ring or one double bond c. one ring and one double bondb. one triple bond d two rings

Which structural formula represents an isomer of /+pentyne,a. c.

b. d.Which compound is an isomer of methylpropane,

a. butane c. pentane

b. cyclopropane d. propaneWhich of the following compounds is a structural isomer of butane,

a. /+methylbutane c. /(/+dimethylbutane

b. /+methylpropane d. /(/+diethylpropaneWhich pairs of molecules are structural isomers,

a. cyclohe&ane and /(/+dimethylbutaneb. cyclohe&ene and (+dimethyl+1+butynec. methylcyclobutane and /+pentyne


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Organic Chemistry Testbank 1/

d. /+methylpentyne and /+methylpenteneA structural isomer of he&ane is EEEEE.

a. benzene c. cyclohe&ane

b. /(/+dimethylbutane d. /+methylpenteneWhich compound can ha'e isomers,

a. -/0 c. -//b. -/3 d. -0>

ow many structural isomers e&ist for the alkene -/4r/,a. 1 c. b. b. / d. 0

Which compound is an isomer of -.-/.-/.-/.*

a. --/*- c. --/-/-b. --/-/* d. --6*7-/-

Which of the following pairs of compounds are isomers,a. diethyl ether and 1+butanol b. /+pentanone and /+pentanol

c. pentanal and methyl butanoate d. propanoic acid and propanalDtructural isomers ha'e EEEEE.

a. the same molecular formula

b. different physical and chemical properties

c. the same elemental composition

d. all of the abo'eWhich of the following pairs of compounds are isomers,

a. propanal and 1+propanolb. propanoic acid and propyl propanoatec. propanone and propanald. propyl ether and 1+propanol

)somer # hort Answer

1a7 A student is told to draw the structural diagram of the compound with formula -019.-onfused( the student tells the nai'e chemistry+challenged person that the task is impossible.a7 Why can=t the student show the structure of -019, 6/7b7 #ephrase the Guestion by changing one word so that the Guestion can be answered( andthen answer it. 6Keep the fla'or of the Guestion + donHt change it completelyI7 6071a7


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CH3

C

CH2

CH

CH2

F

F

F

r


a. fluorine c. o&ygenb. nitrogen d. sulfur

The BCA- name for the compound 6-7/-6-/.-7.-/.--l.-is;a. ?+chloro+(+dimethylhe&ane c. /+chloro+0+methyl+0+ethylpentaneb. 0+chloro+/+ethyl+/+methylpentane d. 1+chloro+1(((+trimethylpentane

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. /+dichloro++methylpentaneb. /(/+dichloro++methylpentanec. 0(0+dichloro++methylpentaned. 0(0+dichloro+(?+dimethylbutane

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. /(+dichloro+/+methylpentaneb. 1(/+dichloro+1(1+dimethylbutanec. /(+chloro+/+methylpentaned. (0+dichloro+0+methylpentane

The correct name for the molecule on the right is;a. 1(0(0+trifluoro+/+bromopentaneb. /+bromo+1(0(0+trifluoropentanec. /(/(?+trifluoro+0+bromopentaned. 0+bromo+/(/(?+trifluoropentane

AlcoholsWhat is the name of the molecule on the right,

a. butanoneb. /+butanolc. /+butanal

d. butyl ether What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. +pentanoneb. +pentanalc. +pentanold. pentanoic acid

What is the correct BCA- name for the compound shown below,-.-/.-6-/.-7.-6*7.-

a. +ethyl+0+pentanolb. /+methyl+?+he&anolc. +ethyl+/+pentanold. +ethyl+/+heptanol

The correct BCA- name for the compound -.-/.-/.-6-7/.* isa. 1+he&anol c. 1+ dimethylbutanolb. 1(1+dimethyl+1+butanol d. /+methyl+/+pentanol

*thersWhich molecule is an ether,

CH3 C CH CH2 CH

Cl

C

CH

CH

CH

C

3

CH C

O

CH3 C CH CH2 CH

Cl Cl

3


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a+ CH3

CH

CH2

CH2

CH3

OH

c. CH3

C

O

CH2

CH3

O

b+ CH3

CH

O

CH2

CH3

CH3

d.

CH2 C

OH

OCH3

Which of the following is an ether,

a.

CH

3

CH

2

CH

2

CH

2

C

OH

O c.

CH3 CH2

O CH3

b.

CH3 CH2 CH2 C

CH3

O d.

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH

O

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. butanalb. methylpropyl etherc. butanoned. methyl propanoate

What is the name of the molecule on the right,a. pentanalb. ethylpropyl etherc. pentanoned. ethyl propanoate

AldehydesWhich molecule is an aldehyde,

a+ OC

CH2CH2

CH3

CH3

c. CH3C

OCH2

CH3

O

b+ CH3

CH

O

CH2

CH3

CH3

d. HC

CH2

CH2

CH3

O

H3 CH2

CH2 CH2 C3


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Organic Chemistry Testbank 1?

Which of the following is an aldehyde,

a.

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 C

OH

O c.

CH3 CH2

O CH3

b.

CH3 CH2 CH2 C

CH3

O d.

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH

O

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. butanalb. 1+butanone

c. butanoic acidd. propanalWhat is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,

a. butanalb. 1+butanonec. butanoic acidd. propanal

Which of the following is an aldehyde,a. butanone c. ethaneb. ethanol d. pentanal

Which of the following is an aldehyde,a. butanal b. ethanone

c. ethanol d. pentanoic acid

,etones

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. ethylpropyl ether b. +he&analc. +he&anoned. methyl butanoate

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. diethyl ether

b. /+pentanonec. +pentanoned. +pentanal

Which of the following is a ketone,

a.

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 C

OH

O c.

CH3 CH2

O CH3

H CH

H CH

H CH2

H C

C


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CH3 CH2

O C

O

H2 CH2

CH2

3

O


b.

CH3 CH2 CH2 C

CH3

O

d.

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH

O

Which condensed structural formula represents a ketone,a. --/-/* c. --*-

b. --/-* d. --/-**

Carbo-ylic AcidsWhat is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,

a. butanoneb. ethanoic acidc. methy propanoated. propanoic acid

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. butanalb. butanoic acidc. methy propanoated. propanoic acid

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. pentanalb. pentanoic acidc. methy butanoated. pentanone

*stersWhat is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,

a. butyl ethanoateb. ethyl propanoatec. ethyl butanoated. propyl ethanoate

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. ethyl methanoateb. methyl ethanoatec. ethanoic acid

d. propanoic acidWhat is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. ethyl propanoateb. methyl butanoatec. butyl methanoated. methyl propanoate

Tri.ial Names

OH

O

OH


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What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. acetyleneb. formaldehydec. phenold. toluene

What is the BCA- name of the molecule on the right,a. acetyleneb. formaldehydec. phenold. toluene

/ractional Distillation!ources of hydrocarbons

Which molecule would condense closer to the top of a fractional distillation tower,

a. -?1/ c. -109b. -19// d. -/90/

Which molecule would condense closer to the bottom of a fractional distillation tower,

a. -?1/ c. -109b. -19// d. -/90/

Which is the correct statement regarding fractional distillation,a. The mi&ture of hydrocarbons in crude oil are con'erted into the 'arious fractions

6gasoline( furnace oil( etc.7 by chemical reactionsb. Dubstances with high boiling points will condense lower in the fractional distillation

tower.c. Fractions with 'ery low boiling points will condense before the fractions with highboiling points

d. -rude oil from different sources( when distilled in a fractionating tower( will yieldthe same percent of gasoline

Which compound in crude oil will be the first to e'aporate relati'e to the other hydrocarbonslisted,

a. decane c. heptaneb. nonane d. octane

What is nota source of raw materials for petrochemical industries,a. coal deposits c. crude oilb. mineral deposits d. natural gas

What is the main hydrocarbon component of natural gas,

a. benzene c. ethane

b. methane d. propaneWhich type of coal has the highest carbon content,

a. anthracite c. ligniteb. bituminous d. peat

Which process in'ol'es the con'ersion of once li'ing organic matter to fossil fuels,a. carbonization c. combustion


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Organic Chemistry Testbank 1>

b. nuclear fusion d.. photosynthesis

ha%es of molecules

The bonding shape around e'ery carbon in propane isa. bent c. tetrahedralb. linear d. trigonal planar

What is the shape of a methane molecule,a. bent c. pyramidalb. linear d. tetrahedral

The bonding shape around both carbons in ethyne isa. bent linear tetrahedral trigonal planar

Which of the following molecules is completely flat or planar,a. a. ethene b. ethane c. propene d. cyclohe&ane

Which description best describes the boding shape around the carbons in the molecule on the

right,a. trigonal planar b. linearc. tetrahedrald. cyclic

hort Answer:1. 6a7 "raw $ewis diagrams for ethane and ethyne.6b7 "escribe the shape around the carbon atoms in ethane 'ersus ethyne.6c7 ow does the shape and arrangement of bonding electrons influence the reacti'ity ofethane 'ersus ethyne,

olubility

Which substance would be most soluble in water,a. propanoic acid c. propanalb. propanone d. propane

Which substance would be least soluble in water,a. propanoic acid c. propanalb. propanone d. propane

Which substance is immiscible with water,a. /+butanol c. ethanalb. /+methyl++heptene d. methanoic acid

n which of the following sol'ents would candle wa&( -/??/( dissol'e in the best,

a. /* c. -81>b. -* d. -2*

n which of the following compounds is he&ane most likely to dissol'e,a. acetic acid c. ethyl alcoholb. decane d. water

nonane


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"oiling &oints

Which substance would ha'e the highest boiling point,

a. -21/ c. -10/>b. -813 d. -//09

Which of the following compounds has the lowest boiling point,a. heptane c. /(+dimethylpentaneb. /+methylhe&ane d. /(/(+trimethylbutane

Which substance would ha'e the lowest boiling point,

a. -21/ c. -10/>b. -813 d. -//09

Which alkene has the highest boiling point at atmospheric pressure,

a. -/0 c. -0>b. -3 d. -?19

What is the main force that influences boiling points in pure hydrocarbons,

a. co'alent bonding c. hydrogen bondingb. dipole+dipole attractions d. $ondon "ispersion Forces

Which property is generally accepted as an indicator of the strength of intermolecular forceswithin a substance,

a. boiling point c. isomerismb. $ondon dispersion force d. solubility

Alkanes( alkenes( and alkynes with the same number of carbons ha'e;a. similar boiling and melting points primarily because they ha'e nearly the same

molecular weightb. similar boiling and melting points primarily because they ha'e similar polaritiesc. similar boiling and melting points primarily because they are nearly eGual in

stabilityd. 'astly different boiling and melting pointsf alkenes of four carbons or less e&ist as gases at room temperature( how many alkenes e&ist asgases under these conditions,

a. / c. 0b. d. ?

What is the physical state of the smallest alkanes 6-1+-07 at room temperature,

a. gas c. solid

b. liGuid d. gas or liGuid)ntermolecular /orcesn which substance would $ondon dispersion forces be the only intermolecular force ofattraction,

a. 1+pentanol c. pentanalb. pentanoic acid d. pentyne

Which substance would be able to form hydrogen bonds to water but would not ha'e anyhydrogen bonding between their own molecules,

a. ethanol c. propanalb. propanoic acid d. propanol

ydrogen bonding is most noticeable in


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Organic Chemistry Testbank /9

a. alkanes c. estersb. alkynes d. organic acids

Why is a carbon+hydrogen bond essentially nonpolar,

a. 5either atom is ionic.

b. Free electrons cancel any polarity.

c. The electron pair is shared almost eGually.

d. Jan der Waals forces o'ercome polarity.Lewis Dot Diagrams!Carbon "ondingow many 'alence electrons surround a carbon atom,

a. 1 c. b. / d. 0

ow many co'alent bonds does each carbon atom participate in an organic compound,a. 1 c. b. / d. 0

Which is the correct $ewis "ot diagram for acetylene( -//,

a. C CH H c.C CH H

c.C CH H

d.C CH H

"en'ene "ondingWhat compound is the simplest of the arenes,

a. benzene c. ethyneb. ethene d. methane

Which of the following molecules does 5*T ha'e delocalized electrons,a. benzene c. cyclohe&aneb. /+phenylpentane d. toluene

The compound benzene puzzled chemists for many years. )mpirical research indicates thatcarbon+carbon bonds in benzene are

a. all carbon+carbon single bondsb. all carbon+carbon double bondsc. neither double nor single bonds

d. easily broken in chemical reactions.Which chemical has delocalized electrons,

a. CH3 C CH b.

CH3

CH3

CH2


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c. d.What distinguishes benzene and benzene compounds from other organic compounds,

a. benzene and benzene compounds are planar molecules

b. carbon atoms in benzene ha'e 1/9bond angles

c. carbon atoms in the benzene ring ha'e ust three bonding electronsd. carbon+carbon bonds in benzene in'ol'e delocalized bonding electrons

/unctional 0rou%s!hydrocarbon deri.ati.es

Which of the following is a hydrocarbon deri'ati'e,

a. -> c. -81>b. -0 d. -29

An arrangement of se'eral atoms which gi'es characteristic properties to an organic molecule isknown as a6an7

a. carbo&yl group c. groupb. functional group d. alkyl group

What is primarily responsible for the chemical properties of a hydrocarbon deri'ati'e like ethanol,

a. its delocalized electrons c. its functional groupb. its le'el of saturation d. its solubility in water

n the general formula for alcohols( #+*( the =#H representsa. radon c. the functional group

b. -only d. an alkyl groupThe functional group for aldehydes is;

a. hydro&yl c. carbo&ylb. carbonyl d. ester

The functional group for ketones is;c. hydro&yl c. carbo&yld. carbonyl d. ester

The functional group for alcohols is;e. hydro&yl c. carbo&ylf. carbonyl d. ester

The functional group for carbo&ylic acids is;

g. hydro&yl c. carbo&ylh. carbonyl d. ester Which compound contains the functional group called hydro&yl,

a. -* c. -**b. /-* d. 50--**

The functional group for alcohols isa. hydro&yl c. carbo&ylb. carbonyl d. ester


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Organic Chemistry Testbank //

Organic 1eactions

-omplete the following reactions by identifying reaction type( predicting products wherenecessary( drawing structures for ALLorganic reactants and products and naming ALLproducts.ndicate if more than two products are possible.

Respiration/Photosynthesis:

Which biological process produces glucose from carbon dio&ide and water,a. carbonization c. fusionb. photosynthesis d. respiration

Cracking/Reforming

Which reaction type uses ethene and low molecular weight hydrocarbons and con'erts them intogasoline grade hydrocarbons,

a. cracking c. esterification

b. elimination d. reformingWhat is the name of the process in which large molecules are broken down into smaller moleculesin order to increase the yield of gasoline from petroleum,

a. polymerization c. esterificationb. hydrogenation d. cracking

Which chemical reaction may be used to con'ert straight+chain aliphatic hydrocarbons toalkylated or branched hydrocarbons,

a. elimination c. esterificationb. reforming d. substitution

n+decane / butane EEEEEEE

Substitution

Which is NOTa possible product in the reaction between benzene and / mol of bromine,a. 1(+dibromobenzene c. 1(/((0+tetrabromobenzeneb. o-dibromobenzene d. hydrogen bromide

Which is NOTa possible product in the reaction between benzene and / mol of chlorine,

a. 1(/+dichlorobenzene c. 1(/(0(?+tetrachlorobenzeneb. p-dichlorobenzene d. hydrogen chloride

Which pairs of reactants are most likely to react by a substitution reaction,. / . -l/ .

-/0 J. -/3a. and

+ H2


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Organic Chemistry Testbank /

c. and

Jb. and

d. and

JWhich pairs of reactants are most likely to react by a substitution reaction,

. 4r / . 4r

. -/3J. -/0

a. and

c. and

Jb. and

d. and

JWhich type of compound will undergo a substitution reaction with a halogen,

a. an alkane c. an alkyneb. an alkene d. a ketone

4ased on the generalizations for reaction types( butane and fluorine gases react bya. addition c. combustionb. esterification d. substitution

Short answer;propane 1 mol chlorinepentane 1 mol brominebenzene / mol brominem+dimethylbenzene chlorinebutane / mol brominepentane 4r/


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he&ane chlorine

Addition

Which )a product of the reaction between /+butene and 1 mol of chlorine,a. 1(/+dichlorobutane c. 1(+dichlorobutaneb. /(+dichlorobutane d. 1+0+dichlorobutane

Which )a product of the reaction between propene and 1 mol of chlorine,a. 1(/+dichloropropane c. hydrogenb. 1(+dichloropropane d. 1+chloropropane

Which is NOTa product of the reaction between 1+pentyne and / mol of hydrogen bromide,a. 1(1+dichloropentane c. 1(+dichloropentaneb. 1(/+dichloropentane d. /(/+dichloropentane

What type of reaction is -/0 / -/3 ,

a. addition c. condensationb. substitution d. esterification

Which eGuation represents an addition reaction,a. -- -l/ --/-l -lb. -/-/ -l/ -/-l-/-lc. --/-l *

B -/-/ /* -lB

d. -/-/ -- 6-7/--ow many products will result when 1+butene reacts with water,

a. 1 c. b. / d. 0

ow many products will result when /+butene reacts with water,a. 1 c. b. / d. 0

Which organic reactant will produce +chloropentane when reacted with hydrogen chloride,a. pentane c. /+penteneb. 1+pentene d. /+pentyne

Short answer

/+pentyne e&cess -l/+pentyne / mol -l

/+butyne / mol 4r1+butyne / mol -l+octene hydrogen iodide1+pentene water1+butene water+heptene water0+methyl+1+butyne 1 mol hydrogen


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Organic Chemistry Testbank /?

Esterfication

Which of the following pairs of compounds could be combined to synthesize the compoundresponsible for the odor of pears( pentyl ethanoate,

a. 1+pentanol and ethanol c. 1+pentanol and ethanoic acidb. ethanal and pentanoic acid d. ethanol and 1+pentene

Which substance would be the best choice as a catalyst for a reaction between octanoic acid andethanol,

a. acetic acid c. methanolb. sodium hydro&ide d. sulfuric acid

What is the organic product of the reaction of methanol and ethanoic acid,a. propanone c. ethyl methanoateb. propanal d. methyl ethanoate

Short answer

ethanoic acid 1+pentanolpropanol butanoic acidmethanoic acid 1+pentanol

1+butanol EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE butyl propanoate

Hydrocarbon Combustion

When hydrocarbons are burned completely( which product is always formed,a. amorphous graphite c. limewater b. carbon dio&ide d. methane

Short answer

/+methyl+1+butene o&ygen 64alance this reaction7/+methyl+1+he&ene o&ygen 64alance this reaction7+methyl+1+pentyne o&ygen(0+diethyl+/+pentene o&ygen

Elimination

Which substance will undergo an elimination reaction when reacting with hydro&ide ions,

a. /+fluoropropane c. ethanoic acidb. methyl methanoate d. propanal

Which compound( when heated in the presence of a strong acid( will produce a second compoundthat will react Guickly with bromine( e'en in the dark,

a. acetylene c. 1+he&anolb. /+butene d. pentane

Which reaction will not produce an alkene,a. /+chlorohe&ane is heated with sodium hydro&ideb. /+pentyne and hydrogen are mi&ed in the presence of a platinum catalystc. 1+propanol is warmed with butanoic acid in the presence of a strong acidd. +propanol is warmed in the presence of a strong acid


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Short answer

/+chlorobutane hydro&ide ions/+chlorobutane sodium hydro&ide/+pentanol is warmed in the presence of a strong acid

ethanolH S O

/ 0

+heptanolH S O

/ 0

#eaction type; EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE____

)dentifying &olymeri'ation

dentify the reaction type;

C C

OH

OO

OH

+ CH2 CH2

OHOH

C C

O

O O

O

CH2

CH2

n

n n + OH2n

a. addition polymerization c. condesation polymerizationb. esterification d. hydrocarbon combustion

dentify the reaction type;

C C

CH3

H H

H

n C C

H H

H CH 3 n

a. addition polymerization c. condesation polymerizationb. esterification d. hydrocarbon combustion

What monomer was used to produce the polymer;CH3 CH3 CH3

. . .. . .


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a.

C C

H

CH3

H

CH3

b.

C C

H

CH3

H

H

c.

C C

CH3

CH3

H

CH3

d.

C

CCH3

H

CH3

H

CH3

Condensation&olymeri'ation

Which polymer was produced by condensation polymerization,

a.

O O

CH3 CH3 O O

n

b.

CH3

CH3

CH3

CH3

CH3

. . . . . . . .


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Organic Chemistry Testbank />

c.

CH CH

CH3

n

d.

C C

CH3

CH3

H

Hn

Long answer;Croteins are the building blocks of the human body. They are composed of chains of aminoacids( and make up our skin( nails( hair and connecti'e tissue. The type of protein formeddepends upon the seGuence of the amino acids in the chain.

Dome amino acids are gi'en below.

alanine

O

NH2

CH3

glycine ONH2

cysteine

O

NH2

SH

Threonine ONH2

a. What type of reaction will link these amino acids into a long chained protein,

b. What are the chemical characteristics of these molecules that allow them to formlong chains, Cick one of the amino acids to illustrate your answer.c. The protein in hair will curl around in a heli& shape( held together by hydrogen

bonds. "raw a dotted line to show where hydrogen bonding could occur ifcysteine and threonine were close together on two different protein chains. 6/7


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Addition Polymeriation

Which substance will undergo addition polymerization,a. 1+propanol c. propanalb. propanone d. propeneWhich monomer will produce the polymer on the right,a. 1+penteneb. /+pentenec. ethylmethylethaned. pentane

Which synthetic polymer is the product of addition polymerization,

a. cellulose c. ribonucleic acid 6#5A7b. protein d. teflon

Short answer

addition polymerization reaction with 1+penteneaddition polymerization reaction with 1+butenen /+pentyne

Long Answer 2uestions:

When ethene reacts with chlorine in the absence of light( only one product forms. owe'er( ifethene reacts with chlorine in the presence of light( o'er a long period of time( many products areformed.

a. dentify the reaction type when ethene reacts in the absence of light( and writeeGuation to show the product formed. 5ame and draw the product. 60:7

b. dentify the two reaction types when ethene reacts in the presence of light( and

O

NH2

OH

CH3

threonine

O

NH2

SH

cysteine


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write an eGuation to illustrate each. 5ame and draw allpossible products. 6>:7

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