OptiX WDM System Troubleshooting ISSUE1.0

8/11/2019 OptiX WDM System Troubleshooting ISSUE1.0

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1

Confidential Information of Huawei.

No Spreading without Permission.

OTC000301 OptiX WDM System Troubleshooting

ISSUE 1.0


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Internal Use 3

Reference

OptiX BWS 1600G Maintenance Manual (Troubleshooting)

OptiX Metro6100 Maintenance Manual (Troubleshooting)

OptiX Metro 6040 User Manual


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Internal Use 4

Operations for troubleshooting

Basic Thoughts and Methods of Fault Locating

Fault Handling Flow

Fault classification and location


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Internal Use 5

WEST EAST

WEST EAST

EAST WESTWEST

EAST

EAST

WEST

Review Point

Left is defined as

west and right as

east in a chain

network.

The ring network takes

counter-clockwise direction

as the primary ring direction.


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Internal Use 6

Key Operations

Software Loopback

Cross Loopback

Hardware Loopback

Clean Optical Interface

Reset Board

Replacement of Board

Optical Power Test


7/75Internal Use 7

Software Loopback: Outloop

WDM siClient side

OTU Outloop

WDM sideClient side

OTUOutloop

Loop a received signal directly back to its

corresponding output port (WDM or client side).

It can be used to test the fiber line and

connectors.


8/75Internal Use 8

Software Loopback: Inloop

WDM sideClient side

OTUInloop

WDM sideClient side

OTU Inloop

Inloop at client side of OTU

Inloop at WDM side of OTU


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Cross Loopback

WDM sideClient side OTU

Optical

transmitting

module

Optical

receiving

module

Optical

transmitting

module

Optical

receiving

module

A

B

C

D

1

1

2

2

Broadcast receiving signal at client side

to optical transmitting modules at both

client side and WDM side.

Broadcast receiving at WDM sideto optical transmitting modules at

both WDM side and client side.

Note: LWM and LWX boards support cross

loopback.


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Hardware Loopback

Software

loopback

Hardware

loopback

Transmitting module

Receiving module

Tx

Rx IN

OUT

WDM sideClient side

Tx

Rx IN

OUT

WDM sideClient side

Fixed

Attenuation



Reset Board

Reset by NM.

Reset by pressing the reset button on SCC board.

Reset by removing and inserting SCC board.

Reset by NM.

Reset by unplugging/ plugging the board.

Reset SCC Board

Reset Other Boards



Clean Optical Interface

Make sure the fiber to be cleaned is disconnectedwith any active

component.Holdthe fiber connector, cleanthe surface with lens tissue, Do this once or

twice more using different parts of the tissue.

After the surface dries, use special compressed gas to blow the surface

Checkthe connector surface



Optical Power Test

OTM

Optical power

meter

OTM

ININ

OTU OAMUX/

DEMUXFIU

IN IN

FIU OA MUX/

DEMUXOTU

ININ IN IN

ODFODF

Optical boardOptical power meter

OUT

IN

Fiberjumper

Testing

port

Optical boardOptical power meter

MONFiber jumperTesting

port

Optical

Power test



Replacement of Board

Before replacement

During replacement

After replacement

Check board version

(Especially for OTU)

Detailed information

can be obtained from

the bar code.

Skilled at the operation methods in

General precautions.

The setting of board jumpers and DIP

switches;Input optical power range of optical

interface board;

Remove the optical fiber from the front

panel;

Width of the front panel.

Wear an ESD wrist

strap. Correctly swapthe board. Avoid short-

circuit of the board.

Prevent eyes from being hurt by the laser.

Check whether the

board is working

normally, and uploadconfiguration on the

NM again.

If you replace the SCC board, you shall

upload the original SCC configuration

data to the NM, and then download them

from the NM to the new SCC.

Pay attention to NE user configuration.



Classification of Board Replacement

Classification of

boards

Board name Remarks

Opticaltransponder unit

OTU For new OTU:a. The type is identical with the original one.

b. The wavelength, optical module is identical with that of

the original one.

Optical amplifier

unit

OA a. Prevent the over-high input optical power fromdamaging optical components.

b. Keep the operating band of the new optical amplifier

unit identical with that of the original one.c. Do not stare into the output optical interface, since the

output optical power of HBA, RPA/RPC/RPL is very high.

Optical

multiplexing/demu

ltiplexing &

add/drop

multiplexing unit

MUX/DEMUX a. Prevent the over-high input optical power fromdamaging optical components.

b. Keep the operating band of the new optical amplifier

unit identical with that of the original one.

c. Keep the type of the substitute board identical with thatof the original one.

Optical

supervisory

channel unit

SC1, SC2

TC1, TC2

a. The type of the substitute board is identical with that of

the original one and whether it supports LHP system

application.

b. The input optical power





Fault Handling Flow




Requirements for Maintenance Personnel

Be familiar with DWDM system and troubleshooting of common alarms.

Professional in Basic Operations

Familiarity with Common Test Instruments

Awareness of Network Layout

Collection and Saving of On-site Data



Basic Principles of Fault Locating

NoteThe key step is to locate the fault to a

certain cable or a station or an exact board accurately.

Why Trouble

External First, then Internal

Network First, then NE

High-severity Alarms First,

then Low-severity Alarms



Common Methods of Fault Locating

Alarm and performance analysis

Test with instruments

Replacement

Loopback

Handling based

on experience

Al d f l i




From NMS

Comprehensive

The fault information about the equipments in the

whole network can be obtained.

Accurate

Current alarms, history alarms, occurrence time,and performance event data can be gotten.

Note:

If no obvious alarm or performance event is

reported, alarm and performance analysis is

useless.

Querying current or history alarms and performance data throughtransmission network management (NM) system

Querying current running status of the equipment through cabinet

& board indicators

How to obtain alarms and

performance

Features

From cabinet and board

Easy for operation on site

Faulty information is not detailed




SDHSDH LWFLWF

M40

D40

OAU

OAU

SC1 SC1

OAU

OAU

D40

M40

OTM

OTM

A B

SDH service between A and B is interrupted,

and SDH equipment in B does not receive

service or receives a lot of bit errors.


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Internal Use 22

Test with instruments

Used to remove external problems of the transmission equipmentor interconnection problems

Test meters: optical power meter, optical spectrum analyzer, SDH

tester and signal analyzer. .

1. Test MON port and measure optical

power, wavelength, OSNR directly, analyze

the gain flatness of the optical amplifier

board.

2. Compare with original data.

1.Compare with performance data from

NMS.

2.Avoid service interruption. MON port is

recommended for measurement.


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Internal Use 23

Replacement

LWF reports R_LOS

Features

SDH

TWF

RWF

A

B

LWF

R_LOS

An abnormal article is replaced with a normal one. If the

problem still exists, it means that this particular article isnot faulty and there may be some other problems.

The article might be a section of fiber, a board, a flange

or an attenuator.


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H dli b d i


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Internal Use 25

Handling based on experience

Reset board

Plugging/unplug board

Restarting a single station after power failure

Re-send configuration (SCC replacement)

It is recommended to use this method as less as possible, since

it is unsuitable for finding fault reason thoroughly.

T bl h ti P d


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Internal Use 26

Troubleshooting Procedures

Troubleshooting for External Faults

Clearing the fault of accessed client equipment (SDH, Ethernet etc.)

Clearing the optical fiber fault

Clearing the fault of power supply

Clearing grounding fault

Locating fault to a single station

Locating the fault to a boardCommon method

Replacement, meter

test, and loopback

Loopback

Replacement


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Internal Use 27



Fault Handling Flow



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Internal Use 28

Fault Handling Flow

General fault handling flow

Emergency handling flow

Collecting and recordinginformation

Technical support

General Fault Handling Flow


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General Fault Handling Flow

Summary and

fill out report

Fault

removed?

End

No

Yes

Start

Record fault symptom

Externalcauses Other handling

process

Work out solutionstogehter

Servicerecovery?

Running and observe

Faultremoved?

Analyze and

locate fault

Feed back to Huawei

Fault

removed?

Yes

Try to solve

No

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes


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Internal Use 31

Common Alarms And Causes

Board

type

Alarm Handling

Optical

Amplifier

Unit

MUT_LOS Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check whether

the optical power of upstream optical path and station is normal.

PUM_BCM_ALM,

PUM_COOL_ALM

Check whether the running of fan is normal;

Check whether the ambient temperature is over-high or over-low;

Board fault. The board needs to be replaced.

Optical

Multiplexer/

Demultiplex

er Unit

MUT_LOS Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check whether


LSR_COOL_ALM Check whether the running of fan is normal;

Check whether the ambient temperature is over-high or over-low;Board fault. If the service is affected, replace the board in time. If not,

replace it in a proper time.

OTU R_LOS,

IN_PWR_LOW,

IN_PWR_HIGH

Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check whether


R_LOF, B1_OVER,

B1_SD, B2_OVER,

B2_SD

Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check whether


In addition, if the module in the receiving end is faulty, these alarms will

also occur.

TF,

OUT_PWR_LOW,

OUT_PWR_HIGH

Mainly relevant to the transmitting part of the board. If the service is

affected, replace the board in time.

OTU LSR_COOL_ALM,

LSR_WILL_DIE

Check whether the running of fan is normal;

Check whether the ambient temperature is over-high or over-low;

Board fault. If the service is affected, replace the board in time. If not,replace it in a proper time.

C ll ti d R di I f ti


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Collecting and Recording Information

Detailed name of the faulty office

Name and phone number of the contact

person

Name and phone number of the contact

person on siteExact time when faults happen

Equipment type and network type

Fault level and expected settlement time

Measures taken and results after faults occur

Report to

Huawei

Support

engineer

Technical Support


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Internal Use 33

Technical Support

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,

Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518129

Website:http://www.huawei.com

Customer service mailbox: [email protected]

Technical support websitehttp://support.huawei.com,

Obtaining the Latest Technical Documentation
http://www.huawei.com/http://support.huawei.com/http://support.huawei.com/http://www.huawei.com/


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Fault Handling Flow


Fault Classification


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Other Faults

Optical Power Abnormity

Bit Errors

Transient Service Interruption

Service Interruption

ECC Faults

Orderwire Faults

Equipment Interconnection Failure



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SDH

SDH SDH

SDH

SDH

SDH

SDH

SDH

OTU

OTU

OTU

OTU

MUX

DMUX

OA

OA

OSC

OA

OA

OSC OSC

OA

OA

DMUX

MUX

OTU

OTU

OTU

OTM OLA OTM

Optical power checking point

Category Effect

Optical power

is too low

The input optical power is below the

sensitivity.

Bit errors are generated.

Decrease of the input optical poweraffects optical signal-to-noise ratio.

The input optical power is below

ALS threshold.

Service is interrupted.

Optical power

is too high

The input optical power is above

overload power.

Bit errors are generated and

optical receiving components

are damaged.

pay attention to

optical power of

OTU and OA


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Procedure of Handling Optical Power Fault


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Internal Use 39

Procedure of Handling Optical Power Fault

Start

Transmission NM

Transmitting end

Receiving end

Is faultremoved? EndNo

Yes

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Is input optical power ofOTU at "Rx" port abnormal?

Is output optical power ofOTU at "OTU" port abnormal?

Is input optical power of

OAU abnormal?

Is input optical power of FIU at"RC/RL" port abnormal?

No

No

No

No

No

Is input optical power ofOAU abnormal?

No

Is input optical power ofOTU

at "IN" port abnormal?

No

Is output optical power of

OTU at "Tx" abnormal?

NoIs the received optical power of

SDH equipment abnormal?

No

No

No

No

No

Is output optical power ofOAU abnormal?

Is output optical power of FIU at"OUT" port abnormal?

Is input optical power at "IN"port of FIU abnormal?

Is output optical power at "TC/

TL" port of FIU abnormal?

Is output optical power ofOAU abnormal?

13

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Contact Huaweifor help

Adjust VOA placed

before OAU

Remove the

fiber fault

Replace FIU

Remove the faultat client side

Adjust VOA placed

before OAU

Adjust fibers between

OAU and DMUX;

Replace OTU

Adjust fiber

between OTU and

SDH equipment

Replace FIU

Remove thefiber fault

Replace OAU

Replace OAU

Replace OTU

Adjust fibers between

DMUX and OTU

Case of Optical Power Fault Handling


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Station A Station B

SDH SDHOTM OTM

Four wavelengths occupy CH4, CH8, CH12 and CH16 fromA to B, access 2.5 Gb/s SDH equipment.

Four 2.5 Gbit/s SDH equipments

generate RSBBE and bit errorsof other levels in the receiving

direction.

Four 2.5 Gb/s SDH equipments

have multiplex section backgroundbit error.



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Internal Use 41


SDHSDH LWCLWC M40

D40

OAU

OAU

SC1

OAU

OAU

SC2 SC1

OAU

OAU

D40

M40

OTM OLA OTMStation A Station B Station C

80km 80km

40-channel system configured with 16 wavelengths

RSBBE

performance event

generated in all

activated channels

from receiving

direction



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Internal Use 42


Bit Errors

Bit E


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Internal Use 43

Bit Errors

Fault type Causes

External causes External interference

Equipment grounding problem

Optical power abnormity (over-high or over low) and OSNR deterioration

Dispersion tolerance problem (fiber type, DCM, dispersion design)

Non-linearity of optical fiber

Environment problem (extra-high equipment temperature)

Equipment faults OTU board (O/E,E/O, FEC module etc.) failure or performance deterioration.

Optical amplifier board failure or performance deterioration.

Abnormity of fan

Related alarms and performance events:B1_EXC, B2_EXC, B1_SD, and B2_SD alarms

BEFFEC_EXC and BEFFEC_SD alarmsRSBBE, RSES, RSSES, RSUAS and RSCSES

performance events

MSBBE, MSES, MSSES, MSUAS, and MSCSES

performance events

Bit Error Information

Bit Errors Fault Locating


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Internal Use 44

Bit Errors Fault LocatingBit error handling

Transmission NM

Any external

interference?

Is optical non-

linearity severe?

Is fan abnormal?

Is board performancedegraded?

NO

1

5

6

7

Is bit error

removed?

End

Yes

Any grounding

problem?

Is optical power

abnormal?

Is fiber connection

problem?

2

3

4

8

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

Is B1 at receive end

and transmit end the

same?

Is B2 at receive end

and transmit end the

same?

NO

Reduce the inputoptical power

Replace the fan

Replace the board

Remove theinterference source

Contact Huawei

for help

Remove the grounding

fault

Remove the SDH fault

See handling opticalpower abnormity

Go to step

Replace fiber, cleanconnector or reroute

N

Remove the SDH fault

9

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Methods:


Section-by-section loopback

Replacement or meter test


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Case of Bit Errors Fault Handling


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Internal Use 46


OTM OTMOLAOLAOLAOLA

Station A Station B Station C Station D Station E Station F

17dB 22dB 21dB 20dB 14dB

8 channels (CH1-CH8) of 2.5 Gbit/s services are

configured between station A and station B.

Bit errors occur in some

channels at station A (receivingfrom station F), the number of bit

errors are not stable.



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Internal Use 47


Dispersion

ProblemStation A Station B

SDH SDHOTM OTM

80km

During engineering acceptance, it is found that all LWF boardsat station A(receiving from station B) report a large number

of corrected errors.

In 15-minute performance data, thousands of RSBBE are reported.

The number of corrected LWF at station B (receiving from station A)

is small and there is no bit error.

Fault Description



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Transient service interruption refers to the transient loss of

signal at second level during transmission.

Fault type Causes

Line fault Optical fiber is broken or fiber

performance deteriorates.

Equipment

fault

The board is faulty or the optical

module on the board is in poor

contact.

Methods:


Meter test

Replacement

Transient Service Interruption Fault Handling


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Internal Use 50

Transient Service Interruption Fault Handling

Is fault cleared?

End

Contact Huawei for

helpNoGo to proper step

Yes

N

Transient service

interruption handling

Is the interruption

bidirectional?

Is OSC interrupted

transietly?

Transmission NM

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

Yes

1

2

3

4

5

Remove optical

fiber fault

Remove external

abnormity

Remove faults at

fiber and TX board

Remove faults

located before OAU

Remove optical

fiber fault

Is output optical power

of OAU at TX stable?

Any external abnormity?

Yes

6 Remove faults at

OAU, OTU and

connection fiber

No

Yes

No

Yes

NoIs intput optical power

of OAU at RX stable?

Is input optical power

of OTU at RX stable?

TX: Transmitting end

RX: Receiving end

Transient Service Interruption Handling Techniques


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Internal Use 51

Transient Service Interruption Handling Techniques

Transient service interruption occurs

to the main optical path

If the R_LOS alarm occurs to the supervisory

channel and main optical path simultaneously. if the R_LOS alarm does not occur to the

supervisory channel, but to the main optical

path in two directions.

If the R_LOS alarm does not occur to the

supervisory channel, but occur to the main

optical path in one direction

Check along the signal flow whether the

optical signal is interrupted transientlyTransient service interruption occurs

to single channel


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Internal Use 53




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Internal Use 54

p

Fault type Causes Remarks

External

causes

Power failure

Abnormal environment (temperature andhumidity)

Abnormal optical fibers and connectors

When such

alarms as R_LOS,R_LOF and

R_OOF occur, it

indicates that the

service is

interrupted.

Equipment Board performance deterioration or failure

OTU,OA,MUX/DEMUX fault

Optical power

abnormity;

Fiber is broken, f iber connectors are dirty, Fiber

connectors are in poor connection, Attenuation

is too high. )

Bit error Excessive bit errors (Board fault or poor

performance, Dispersion tolerance, Non-

linearity of optical fiber.)

Equipment

interconnection

Interconnection between DWDM equipment and

other equipments are abnormal

Methods:


Meter test

Replacement

Service

interruption

Service Interruption Handling


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Internal Use 55

p g

Service interruption handling

Transmission NM

Remove the fault

Is servicerecovered?

EndContact Huawei for help

Go to proper step

Yes

N

Replace theboard

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Is power supplyfailed?

Is environment

abnormal?

Is optical powerabnormal?

Is accessequipment faulty?

Is there lots of biterrors?

No

No

No

No

1

2

3

4

5

Is the board perfor-13mance degraded?

No6

Remove the fault

Remove the faulton the line

Remove the fault

Eliminate biterrors

Case of Service Interruption


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Internal Use 56

p

OTM OTMOLA

Station A Station B Station C

Note: In a chain network, only one 2.5 Gbit/s service is configured

LWC at station C reportsR_LOF alarm continuously, and

the service is interrupted.

Case of Service Interruption


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Internal Use 57

OTM OADMOADM

Station A Station B Station C Station D

OTM

Station A

Station B

Station C

Station D

OTM

OADM

OADM

OTM

W

E

E

W

E

W E

W

p

The chain is changed into ring network in terms of actual requirements. and1+1 channel protection is required.

Back-to-back OTM

Back-to-back OTM

Serial OADM Serial OADM

After interconnection between

stations A and D, all services are

interrupted, but no alarm occurs.



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Internal Use 58

ECC Faults

ECC Faults


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Internal Use 59

ECC Faults

ECC principle:NM should first communicate with the gateway NE over

TCP/IP, then gateway NE communicates with non-gateway NEs via ECC.

Methods:


Configuration modification

Fault

type

Causes

External

causes

Power failure.

Optical fibers or connectors are abnormal.

Humanfactors The DIP switch setting is not changed whenreplacing the SCC board, resulting in repetition of

NE ID in the network.

Setting error.

Incorrect fiber connection.

Equipme

nt faults

Mismatch of SCC board type.

Board failure.

Network cable or HUB is damaged.

NEs report a large amount of performance data to

the NM, causing the ECC to be blocked.

ECC Faults Handling


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Internal Use 60

g

ECC fault handling

Is power supply failed?

Is optical fiber faulty?

Is NE ID repeated?

Is SCC type ismatched?

Is OSC/OTC faulty?

No

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

1

2

3

4

5

Remove the fiber

fault

Modfify ID of SCC

Replace SCC

board

Replace the board

Remove the power

supply fault

No Is fault removed?

EndContact Huawei for

help

NoGo to proper step

Yes

Transmission NM


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ECC Faults


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Internal Use 62

Station A

Station B

StationC

D

OTM-OTM

OADM

W

E

E

W

EW

E

WOTM-OTM

OTM-OTM

Station DStation E

Station F

Station G

OADM

OADM

OADM

E

W

E

W

W

E

central station

After the service is activated, when

some stations are logged in, ECC

intermits.

When making an orderwire call,

there are a lot of noises, and the

communication is interrupted

transiently every several seconds.



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Internal Use 63

Orderwire Faults

Orderwire Faults


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Internal Use 64

Causes Fault type

External causes Power failure

Fiber fault

Human factors Incorrect phone settings

Incorrect orderwire NNI connection

Incorrect OSC/OTC setting

Incorrect SCC setting

Equipment

faults

OSC failure or performance

deterioration

PMU failure or performance

deterioration

Methods:


Configuration modification

Orderwire

communicationfailure

Orderwire Faults Handling


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Internal Use 65

Orderwire faulthandling

Transmission NM

Is faultremoved?

EndContact Huawei

for help

NoGo to proper step

Yes

Is it external causes (powerfailure or fiber fault)

Is PMU faulty?

Is phone setting incorrect?

Is OSC/OTC configurationincorrect?

Is the type of SCC

incorrect?

Is OSC/OTC/SCC damaged?

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

1

2

3

4

5

6

Replace PMU

Modify the setting

Modify theconfiguration

Replace OSC/

OTC/SCC

Remove theexternal fault

No Replace SCC

Upgrade software

Hardware version

inconsistent

Software versioninconsistent

Is SCC configurationincorrect?

Modify the SCC

configuration

Yes

No

Yes

No7


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Case of Orderwire Faults


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Internal Use 67

WDM ring1

SDH ringPhone

line

RS-422

Serial cable

A1 A2 B1 B2 WDM ring2

Phone

line

RS-422

Serial cable

A1/A2 In one

Equipment room

B1/B2 In one

Equipment room

after performing configuration to enable

outgoing orderwire communication, orderwire

between two DWDM rings cannot be connected.



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Internal Use 68

Equipment Interconnection

Failure And other faults


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Equipment Interconnection Failure


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Internal Use 70

Equipment interconnection

failure handling

Transmisssion NM

Is faultcleared?

EndContact Huawei forhelp

No

Go to proper step

Yes

N

Is the connected equipment

faulty?

Is fiber connection incorrect?

Are the parameters of

interconnected optical interface

or fiber mode mismatched?

Is FEC protocol mismatched?

Are optical components

damaged?

Does board performancedeteriorate?

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

1

2

3

4

5

6

Re-connectthe fiber

Replace the

fiber

Replace OTU

Replace the

faulty board

Replace theboard

Remove the

fault

No


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Other Faults


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Internal Use 73

Hardware configuration

Board upgrade

Parameter setting

Meter test

Remote maintenanceFault type Causes

Parameter

setting.

Hardware configuration (optical amplifier

board and OTU) is unreasonable.

Configuration of VOA, configuration of DCM

and optical fibers, etc.

Parameter setting is incorrect

NM parameter setting is not matched with

hardware.

Meter test The meter is not grounded.

Testing optical fiber is bent, or fiber

connectors are dirty.

Meter setting is incorrect.

Testing method is incorrect.


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Documents

OptiX WDM System Troubleshooting ISSUE1.0