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Opportunities for Collaboration
Presentation to Visiting Team from
Sandia National Laboratory
Meeting Held at UCSD
La Jolla, CA
April 16, 2001
Governor Davis Created New Institutes for Science, Innovation, and Tech Transfer
UCSBUCLA
The California NanoSystems Institute
UCSFUCB
The California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology,
and Quantitative Biomedical Research
UCI
UCSD
The California Institute for Telecommunications
and Information Technology
The Center for Information Technology Research
in the Interest of Society(Proposed-UCB, UCD, UCSC, UCM)
UCSC
The Next Wave of the Internet Will Extend IP Throughout the Physical World
UCIAdvanced displaysSensor networksOrganic/polymer
electronics;Biochips
Magnetic, optical data storage
Microwave amplifiers, receivers
High-speed optical switchesNanophotonic components
Spintronics/quantum encryption
Ultralow powerelectronics
Nonvolatile data storage
Smart chemical, biological, motion, positionsensors
telemedicine
environmental,climate, transportationmonitoring systems
optical network infrastructure
wireless network infrastructure
Microwave amplifiers, receivers
BiochipsBiosensorsHigh-densitydata storage
UCIAdvanced displaysSensor networksOrganic/polymer
electronics;Biochips
Magnetic, optical data storage
Microwave amplifiers, receivers
High-speed optical switchesNanophotonic components
Spintronics/quantum encryption
Ultralow powerelectronics
Nonvolatile data storage
Smart chemical, biological, motion, positionsensors
telemedicine
environmental,climate, transportationmonitoring systems
optical network infrastructure
wireless network infrastructure
Microwave amplifiers, receivers
BiochipsBiosensorsHigh-densitydata storage
Materials and Devices Team, UCSD
This is the Research Context for the California Institute for Telecommunications
and Information Technology
The Institute is Built on Existing UCSD/UCI Faculty Strengths
Broadband Wireless
LOW-POWEREDCIRCUITRY
ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
COMMUNICATIONTHEORY
COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS
MULTIMEDIAAPPLICATIONS
RFMixed A/D
ASICMaterials
Smart AntennasAdaptive Arrays
ModulationChannel CodingMultiple Access
Compression
ArchitectureMedia Access
SchedulingEnd-to-End QoS
Hand-Off
ChangingEnvironment
ProtocolsMulti-Resolution
Center for Wireless Communications
Source: UCSD CWC
San Diego Supercomputer Center Cal(IT)2 Research & Infrastructure Partner
• Areas of Strength & Leadership for Initial Interactions between Cal(IT)2 and
Phil Papadopoulos, Frank Dwyer, Ronn Ritke, kc claffy, Hans-Werner Braun
Networking and Wireless
Peter Arzberger, Anke Kamrath, Phil Papadopoulos, Chaitan Baru, Alison Withey
Management
John Wooley, Phil Bourne, Shankar Subramaniam, Mark Ellisman, Mike Gribskov, Kim Baldridge
Bioinformatics/Digitally Enabled Med./ Comp. Chemistry/Biology
Ann Redelfs, Kim Baldridge, Theresa BoisseauEducation/Outreach
Tom PerrineComputer Security Infrastructure
Mike Vildibill, Frank Dwyer, Phil Andrews, Phil P.Core IT Infrastructure and Integration
Jay Boisseau, Mary Thomas, Allan SnavelyComputing and Portals
Mike Bailey, John MorelandVisualization/GIS/Augmented Reality
Alison WitheyEnviroinformatics/Observing Systems
Chaitan Baru, Reagan Moore, Tony FountainData Mining/Metadata/AI
Phil PapadopoulosClusters
Complex Problems Require a New Research and Education Framework
www.calit2.net
220 UCSD & UCI FacultyWorking in Multidisciplinary Teams
With Students, Industry, and the Community
The State Provides $100 M For New Buildings and Equipment
The UCSD Cal-(IT)2 BuildingPreliminary Design
• New Media Arts Spaces– Research Lab– Visualization Labs– Audiovisual Editing Facilities– Gallery Space– Helping Design Auditorium
Occupancy 2004220,000 Gross SF
A Broad Partnership Response from the Private Sector
Akamai Boeing
BroadcomAMCC CAIMISCompaq
Conexant Copper Mountain
EmulexEnterprise Partners VC
EntropiaEricsson
Global PhotonIBM
IdeaEdge VenturesIntersil
Irvine SensorsLeap Wireless
Litton IndustriesMedExpert
Merck Microsoft
Mission VenturesNCR
Newport CorporationOrincon
Panoram Technologies Printronix
QUALCOMMQuantum
R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RISAIC
SciFrameSeagate Storage
Silicon Wave Sony
STMicroelectronicsSun Microsystems
TeraBurst Networks Texas InstrumentsUCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund
WebEx
ComputersCommunications
SoftwareSensors
BiomedicalStartups
Venture Firms
Large Partners>$10M Over 4 Years
$140 M Match From Industry
Elements of the Cal -(IT)2 Industrial Partnerships
• Endowed Chairs for Professors
• Start-Up Support for Young Faculty
• Graduate Student Fellowships
• Research and Academic Professionals
• Sponsored Research Programs
• Equipment Donations for Cal-(IT)2 and Campus
• Named Laboratories in new Institute Buildings
• Pro Bono Services and Software
The Southern High Tech CoastIs Well Organized for Partnering
• From Bandwidth Bay to Wireless Valley– 70,000 Fiber Strand-Miles Under Downtown SD– Nation’s Center for Wireless Companies
• San Diego Telecom Council – www.sdtelecomcouncil.org – 200 Member Companies– SIGs on Optical, Wireless, Satellite, etc.
• UCSD CONNECT – www.connect.org – UCSD Program in Technology and Entrepreneurship
• Many Others– BIOCOM – Mayor’s Science and Technology Commission– UCI Chief Executive Roundtable– …
Near Term Goal:Build an International Lambda Grid
• Establish PACI High Performance Network– SDSC to NCSA to PSC LambdaNet
• Link to:– State Dark Fiber
– Metropolitan Optical Switched Networks
– Campus Optical Grids
– International Optical Research Networks
• NSF Fund Missing Dark Fiber Links For:– Scientific Applications
– Network Research
Nanotechnology Is Becoming Essential for Photonics
Nanoscale-engineered electro-optic couplers and modulators
Nanoscale form-birefringent element
Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL)
Fiber tip
Grating coupler
optical fiber
network
Nanoscale-engineered electro-optic couplers and modulators
Nanoscale form-birefringent element
Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL)
Fiber tip
Grating coupler
optical fiber
network
Source: UCSD Ultrafast and Nanoscale Optics Group,
Shaya Fainman
½ Mile
•Commodity Internet, Internet2•Link UCSD and UCI
• Campus Wireless
The UCSD “Living Grid Laboratory”—Fiber, Wireless, Compute, Data, Software
SIO
SDSC
CS
ChemMed
Eng. / Cal-(IT)2
Hosp
• High-speed optical core
Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC
Broadband Wireless Internet is Here Today
• Create Wireless Internet “Watering Holes”– Ad Hoc IEEE 802.11 Domains
– Real Broadband--11 mbps Going to 54 mbps
– Home, Neighborhoods, Office– MobileStar--Admiral Clubs, Major Hotels, Restaurants, …– UCSD—Key Campus Buildings, Dorms, Coffee Shops…
• Upsides– Ease of Use– Unlicensed so Anyone can Be a Wireless ISP– Will Accelerate Innovation—”Living in the Future”
• Downsides– Not Secure– Shared Bandwidth– Short Range Coverage
“The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed”William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer
Web Interface to Grid ComputingThe NPACI GridPort Architecture
802.11b Wireless
Interactive Access to:• State of Computer• Job Status• Application Codes
Cal -(IT)2 Researchers Will Focus on Semiconductor “System Chips”
• Two Trends:– Increasing Use of “Embedded Intelligence”– Networking of Embedded Intelligence
• In Ten Years: – The Big: eg., Terabit Optical Core, Gigabit Wireless, ...– The Small: eg., Pervasive Self-powered Sensor “Motes”– The Cheap: eg., One-Cent Radios
– Short-range (10-100m), Low Power (10nJ/bit), Low Bit Rate (1-100kbps)
• The Consequence:– Smart Spaces, Intelligent Interfaces, Ad Hoc Networks
Source: Rajesh Gupta, UCI Center for Embedded Computer Systems
Goal: Design of Configurable Wireless Embedded Sensing/Computing/Communicating Appliances
ProtocolStacks
SoC DesignMethodologies
Sw/Silicon/MEMSImplementation
Memory
Protocol Processors
ProcessorsProcessors DSP
RFRFReconf.Logic
WirelessRTOS Network
Physical
Data Link
TransportApplications
sensors
ProtocolsSw/Hw/Sensor/RF
Co-design Reconfiguration
Internet
Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE
The Wireless Internet will Transform Computational Science and Engineering
• Teraflop Supercomputers Simulate in Dynamic 3D• Evolving a System Requires Knowing the Initial State• Add Wireless Sensors and Embedded Processors
– Give Detailed State Information– Allows for Comparison of Simulation with Reality
• Critical Software Research Required – Security– Robust Scalable Middleware– Effervescent Architectures– Mobile Code– Resource Discovery– Ad Hoc Networking– SensorNet Simulations
The High PerformanceWireless Research and Education Network
NSF FundedPI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC
Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO45mbps Duplex Backbone
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN
Wireless Antennas Anchor Network High Speed Backbone
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN
Source: Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC
The Wireless Internet Adds Bio-Chemical-Physical Sensors to the Grid
• From Experiments to Wireless Infrastructure
• Scripps Institution of Oceanography
• San Diego Supercomputer Center
• Cal-(IT)2
• Building on Pioneering Work of Hans-Werner Braun & Frank Vernon
Source: John Orcutt, SIO
The Wireless Internet Will Improve the Safety of California’s 25,000 Bridges
New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links
Cal-(IT)2 WillDevelop and Install
Wireless Sensor ArraysLinked to
Crisis Management Control Rooms
Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.
Can Use of These Technologies Help Us Avoid the Downsides of Prolonged Growth?
• Add Wireless Sensor Array
• Build GIS Data• Focus on:
– Pollution– Water Cycle– Earthquakes– Bridges– Traffic– Policy
• Work with the Community to Adapt to Growth
HuntingtonBeach
Mission Bay
San Diego Bay
UCSD
UCI
High Tech Coast
High Resolution Data Analysis FacilityLinked by Optical Networks to PACI TeraGrid
Planned for Fall 2001 at SIOSupport from SDSC and SDSU
Panoram Technologies, SGI, Sun, TeraBurst Networks,
Cox Communications, Global PhotonInstitute Industrial Partners
From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid International Video Meetings
Access Grid Lead-ArgonneNSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab
Creating a Virtual Global Research Lab
Bridging Internet Data Collection and Theoretical Scaling Analysis
• Network Graph Theory– Sparse– Clustered– Hierarchical– Power Laws
• Goal– IT First Principles– Quantitative Laws– Verify Against Reality– Use for Optimal Design
100,000 nodes Colored by Node IP AddressBill Cheswick, Lucent Bell Labs and Hal Burch, CMU
www.caida.org/projects/internetatlas/gallery/
Fan Chung Graham, UCSD
Possible Multiple Qubit Quantum Computer
• SEM picture of posts fabricated at the Cornell Nanofabrication Facility
– PI John Goodkind (UCSD Physics) & Roberto Panepucci of the CNF
• Electrons Floating over Liquid He
• One Electron per Gold Post
500 nm
ground plane
voltage leads
insulator
insulator
NSF ITR PROGRAM CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY/UCSD/MICHIGAN STATE
Wireless “Pad” Web Interface
The Institute Facilitates Faculty Teams to Compete for Large Federal Grants
Deep Web
Surface Web
Proposal-Form a National Scale Testbed for Federating Multi-scale Brain Databases
Using NIH High Field NMR Centers
Source: Mark Ellisman, UCSD
DukeUCLA
Cal Tech
StanfordU. Of MN
Harvard
NCRR Imaging and Computing Resources UCSD
Cal-(IT)2SDSC
Why Not Constantly Compute on Federated Repositories?
• Currently– Instrument Coordinates
– Virtual Human NLM Project
– Transformations to Organ Coordinates– Surgical View of Body– Define Differences in Organs– Eg. UCLA Human Brain Mapping
Project—Art Toga
– Fly Through Organs– Virtual Colonoscopy (
www.vitalimaging.com)
• Future– Train AI Software on
– Millions of Human Image DataSets– Define Distribution Functions– Thresholds for Medical Attention
– Life Cycle of Single Individuals– Automatic Early Warnings
As Our Bodies Move On-LineBioengineering and Bioinformatics Merge
• New Sensors—Israeli Video Pill– Battery, Light, & Video Camera– Images Stored on Hip Device
• Next Step—Putting You On-Line!– Key Metabolic and Physical Variables– Wireless Internet Transmission– Model -- Dozens of 25 Processors and 60
Sensors / Actuators Inside of our Cars
• Post-Genomic Individualized Medicine– Combine Your Genetic Code & Imaging,
with Your Body’s Data Flow – Use Powerful AI Data Mining Techniques
www.givenimaging.com
What Data is Needed to Specify a Single Eukaryotic Cell?
• Organelles– 4 Million Ribosomes– 30,000 Proteasomes– Dozens of Mitochondria
• Macromolecules– 5 Billion Proteins
– 5,000 to 10,000 different species
– 1 meter of DNA with Several Billion bases
– 60 Million tRNAs– 700,000 mRNAs
• Chemical Pathways– Vast numbers– Tightly coupled
• Is a Virtual Cell Possible?
www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/cell1.html
Cellular Signaling Pathway Database, Analysis Tools and User Interface
Shankar Subramaniam, UCSD, Director, Data Coordination & Bioinformatics Lab,
Alliance for Cell Signaling
M o tifL ib r a r ie s
S equenceA n n o ta t io nI n te r a c t io n s
Q u e r y T o o ls A n a ly s is T o o ls
D a ta b a s e T e m p o r a r yS to r a g e
D a ta S tr u c tu r e
E d it in gT o o l
C o m p a r is o nT o o l
P a th w a yG U I
L e g a c yP a th w a y s
S ig n a lin gN e tw o r k s
D a ta S to r e B u lle t inB o a r d
A n n o ta t io n sS y s te m
O th e rA n a ly s is
T o o ls
S ig n a lin gP a th w a y s
O r g a n is m
E x p r e s s io nP r o f ile s
P r o te o m ic sP r o f ile s
I n te r a c t io nP r o f ile s
C e ll & T is s u eS p e c if ic it y
M o le c u la rD is e a s e s
G e n e s(P r o te in s )
I n te r a c t io nM o d u le s
Alliance for Cell SignalingPI: Alfred Gilman, UT-SW MEDUCSF, Caltech, Stanford, UCSD
NIH and Industrial Funding
Monte Carlo Cellular Microphysiology From IBM Blue Horizon to the Grid
• PROJECT LEADERS– Francine D. Berman
– UC San Diego– Terrence J. Sejnowski
– Salk Institute for Biological Studies
• PARTICIPANTS– Dorian Arnold
Jack DongarraRichard Wolski
– University of Tennessee
– Thomas M. BartolLin-Wei Wu
– Salk Institute for Biological Studies
– Henri CasanovaMark H. EllismanMaryann Martone
– UC San Diego
Neurotransmitter Activity Leading to Muscle Contraction
• MCell Simulated: • The Transmission of 6,000 Molecules of the Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine (Cyan Specks) • In a Reconstructed Mouse Sternomastoid Neuromuscular Junction • Containing Acetylcholinesterase (White Spheres).
Rendered by Tom Bartol of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies & Joel Stiles of Cornell University
using Pixar PhotoRealistic RenderMan
www.npaci.edu/envision/v16.4/mcell.html
The Institute Will Focus on the Use of Highly Parallel and Distributed Systems
• PACI Distributed Terascale Linux Clusters– Multi-Teraflop– Thousands of Processors
• High Performance Grids– Lambda Connected– Heterogeneous Compute and Storage
• DoE Labs– Highest End Machines– Experimental Architectures (Blue Light)
• Peer-to-Peer Computing– Millions of Processors– NT/Intel Homogenous PCs
The Drive toward Commodity Processorsin Parallel Computing100x Processors
RISC Processors
Cray X-MP TMC CM-5 IBM SP
Intel Processors
ASCI Red Internet ComputingPC Clusters
100x Processors?
Changes in Architecture Induce Changes in Algorithms
Entropia’s Planetary Computer Grew to a Teraflop in Only Two Years
Deployed in Over 80 Countries
The Great Mersenne Prime (2P-1) Search (GIMPS)Found the First Million Digit Prime
www.entropia.comEight 1000p IBM Blue Horizons
SETI@home Demonstrated that PC Internet Computing Could Grow to Megacomputers
• Running on 500,000 PCs, ~1000 CPU Years per Day– Over Half a Million CPU Years so far!– 22 Teraflops sustained 24x7
• Sophisticated Data & Signal Processing Analysis• Distributes Datasets from Arecibo Radio Telescope
Next Step-Allen Telescope Array
AreciboRadio Telescope
Extending the Grid to Planetary Dimensions Using Distributed Computing and Storage
AutoDock Application Software Has Been Downloaded to Over 20,000 PCsNearly 3 Million CPU-Hours Computed
In SilicoDrug Design
Art Olson, TSRI
From Software as Engineering to Software as Biology
• Stanford Professor John Koza• Uses Genetic Programming to Create a Working Computer Program From a
High-Level Problem Statement of a Problem• Starting With a Primordial Ooze of Thousands of Randomly Created
Computer Programs, a Population of Programs Is Progressively Evolved Over a Series of Generations
• Has Produced 21 Human-Competitive Results
1,000-Pentium Beowulf-Style Cluster Computer for Genetic Programming
www.genetic-programming.com/