- . ..

POLLUTION PREVENTION

OPPORTUNITIES AND THE ’.

ROLE OF WORKER EDUCATION

IN AVOIDING COSTLY

ENVIRONMENTAL FIhX$

-AS WELL AS THE AGONY OF EhTORCEhfENT

by Janeth A. Campbell Senior Management Analyst IT. FIo rida Department of

Environmental Protection

and Dr. D o u g h Stutz Business and Technology Division Miami-Dade Community College

North Campus

METHODS TO PROTECT OUR ENVIRONMENT

1. PREVENT THE POLLUTION BEFORE IT IS CREATED IN THE FIRST PLACE

2. CONTROL THE POLLUTION AT GREAT COST AND

.MOVE IT SOMEWHERE

3. CLEAN IT UP AT A LATER POINT IN TIME

WITH LARGER COSTS AND h4OVE IT SOMEWHERE

GNITED STP-TES Eh'VI4Oh%Eh'TAL PROTECTXON LARS /A??GhTlXEhTS

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Federal and state law adopt the Environmental Protection Decision Hierarchy

Section 403 .'OB 1 (34) Establish and administer programs providing appropriate incentives that have the following goals, in order of importance:

(a) Preventing and reducing pollution at its source.

(b) RecycIing contaminants that have the potential to pollute.

(c) Treating and neutralizing contaminants that are difficult to recycle.

(d) Disposing of contaminants only after other options have been used to the greatest extent practicable.

f W

hat

Is P

ollu

tion

.Pre

vent

ion?

Pollu

tion

prev

entio

n is

ofte

n th

e m

ost c

ost-

effe

ctiv

e op

tion

to

redu

ce p

ollu

tion

beca

use

it m

ay:

0 R

educ

e ra

w m

ater

tal l

osse

s;

Red

uce

use

of e

xpen

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d-of

-plp

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eatm

ent t

echn

olog

ies;

Red

uce

was

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osts

;

0 C

onse

rve

ener

gy, w

ater

, che

mlc

als,

and

othe

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uts;

and

,

Red

uce

the

pote

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l lia

bilit

y as

soci

ated

wCt

h w

aste

Den

erat

ion.

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lutio

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even

tion

is e

nvir

onm

enta

lly d

esir

able

for

thes

e ve

ry

sam

e rea

sons

:

Pollu

tion

itsel

f is

redu

ced

at th

e so

urce

whi

le r

esou

rces

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serv

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MULTIMEDIA APPROACH TO PREYENTI" POLLUTION AT THE SOURCE

Elimination or reduction of releases, discharges, or disposal to Air

Water Land

Workplaces Ecosystems

Toxics use reduction purchase less toxic or non-toxic chemicals

Air pollution reduction air toxics reduction energy efficiency

Water use reduction reuse on-site wastewater reductions

Waste reductions for hazardous wastes industrial wastes biomehcal wastes special wastes solid wastes

..

Resource use reductions

Keep the chemicals or resources 111 the product, NOT in our environment or workplaces

PREVENTING POLLUTION IN THE

FIRST PLACE DOES NOT RESULT IN

1. CROSS-MEDIA TRANSFER

OF POLLUTANTS

2. TRANSFER OF

COSTS OR

RISKS TO THE FUTURE

; SALLYFORTH

1 H I 8: u)IS by Greg and Brian Walker and Chance Browne

.C.-., -. , . .. . ._ , .

!

1

Caribbean Sea

(Source: USDOC, 1990a)

ENVIRONMXNTAL PROBLEMS IN FLORIDA

1500 known iIlegal Cumps

10 million gallons of used oil dumped each year

90,000 underground petroleum tanks that must be replaced

250 + drinking water wells contaminated

585 businesses that create toxic chemical 1 eleases

121,295,022 pounds of toxic releases in 1991

613,000 TONS of hazardous wastes produced

315 Large Quantity Generators of hazardous wastes

33,000 Small Quantity Generators of hazardous wastes

114,000 businesses that may use toxic substances

19.5 million TONS of solid waste annually

Tallahassee Democrat

I

l c 4 - 4 5 B R I E F S

boys died from inhaling toxic ,fumes from the chemical solvent TAMPA

Company filled for iIIegal dumping

A company convicted of i l l e gally dumping chemicals that led to the death of two boys playing in a trash bin was sentenced in federal court Tuesday to the max- imum fine of $1.5 million.

The William Recht Co., doing business as Durex Industries Inc., pleaded guilty last summer to charges it knowingly endangered others by illegally disposing of a hazardous chemicals in its pr@ duction of print rollers.

The sentencing comes a day before plant manager William Whitman, 39, and his brother, shop foreman Duane Whitman, 43, were set to begin serving 27-

pmonth prison sentences for iK gally disposing the solvent tolu- ene in a trash bin behind the plant.

Daniel Scott Perez and Antho- ny Neil Storman, both 9, weren’t breathing when they were found in the bin June 13, 1992. Perez died within an hour, and Storman died that night.

Autopsies determined the

toluene. i -

FLORIDA ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY ACTIONS IN 1991-92

16,621

61,137

21,979

New Permit Applications received by former DER

Inspections of facilities operating in Florida

Enforcement Actions by former DER

S6,3 12,000 new fmes assessed from environmental violations

Nationally S 130 BILLION invested in environmental compliance

additional $80 billion per year estimated due to new Clean Air Regulations

Less than 1% is invested in PREVENTING the pollution before it is created

..

Most fmes could be avoided with appropriate worker education

'WHAT.ARE. YOU DOING TO MAKE SURE YOUR WORKERS KNOW THE

ENVIRON-MENTAL PROTECTION LAWS ???

J

CATEGORIES OF RELEASED CHEMICALS REPORTED TO TKZ

TOXIC RELEASE INVENTORY

Chemicals with Adverse Human Health Impacts

Carcinogenicity ..-

Heritable Genetic and Chromosomal Mutation

Developmental Toxicity

Reproductive Toxicity

e Acute Toxicity

Q Chronic Toxicity

Q Neurotoxicity _ ”

Chemicals with Adverse Ecological Impacts

e Environmental Toxicity

e Bioacculation

Persistence

TOXIC RELEASE INVENTORY (TRI)

- multimedia data set (air, water, land)

tracks release of 320+ chemicals -

- quantifies media shifting of pollutants

- source reduction achievements

- multi program view - SARA, CERCLA, RCRA, HSWA, UIC, CWA, SDWA, CAA, FIFRA, LUST

- targets manufacturers in SIC 20-39 10 or more employees

- reporting threshold of 25,000 or more pounds for nifs.

..

A E-c 2 U

k E U H

.

Hazardous Waste Generators

. Large Quantity Generators (LQG): 1,000 kghnonth o r more

. Small Quantity Generators (SQG): from 100 kg-1,000 kghionth

Conditionally Exempt SQG (CESQG): less than 100 kg/month

(200 kg equals 440 Ibs. o r approximately one 55-gallon drum)

..

Types of Florida Hazardous Waste Generators

LQGs:

0 . . . 0 . 0 .

. MiIitary bases . Electronics manufacturing . ChemicaI manufacturing Sugar miIk Aerospace industries Aircraft maintenance Boat buiIding, shipyards Metal pIaters and refinishing

Electric utilities Wood preserving *I .

SQGs:

. Dry cleaners . Automotive services . Printshops . Universities . State and local agencies

Florida Regulated Hazardous Waste Universe Number of Facilities (1992)

LQGs

SQGs

T r-a n s p o r t er s

Permitted TSDs

700

13,000

220

92

..

Florida Hazardous Waste Generation (1989)

Source R7aste (in Tons)

LQGs and TSDs 387,000

SQGs 31,000

Household HW 37,000

Cleanups 159,000

To ta l 614,000

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1991 FLORIDA POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT LllLl

STATEWIDE F'2 POLICY

CONFIDENTIAL TECmTICAL ASSISTANCE

P2 EDUCATION

POLLUTION PRET?ENTION COUbTCIL

a

.

'1

THE FLORfDA POLLUTION PREVENTION COUNCIL

RECOMMENDED AN

ANNUAL APPROPRXATION OF

$500,000 PER YEAR TO COMMUNITY COLLEGES

FROM THE

POLLUTION RECOVERY TRUST FUND

(NON-GENERAL REVENUE FUND) c

THE COMMUNITY COLLEGES ROLE IN ENVIRONMENTL PROTECTION

POLLUTION IS CREATED BYLNDlVIDUAL PEOPLE AT THE POINT OF CHEMICAL USE

HIGH TECHNOLOGY - HIGH PAYING JOBS TEND TO USE MANY TYPESOF

HIGH TOXICITY CHEMICALS THAT ARE HEAVILY REGULATED AND COSTLY

INDIVIDUALS CAN CHOOSE TO EFFICIENTLY USE AND

SAFELY DISPOSE OF TOXIC OR HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

OR AVOID USING THOSE CHEMICALS IN THE FIRST PLACE

EDUCATED WORKERS CAN MAKE A CHOICE.

TO POLLUTE

OR

NOT TO POLLUTE

CURRENT COMMUNITY COLLEGE PROGRAMS WHO COULD BENEFIT FROM ADDING A POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL COURSE:

26 EXISTING PROGRAMS INCLUDING-

"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE TECH *SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT *INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT TECH "MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY *PRINTING AND GRAPHIC ARTS *AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE TECH *AUTO BODY REPAIR & REFINISHING *AVIATION MAINTENANCE MGT *BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION & MGT *CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY *COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL ELECTRIC "DENTAL LABORATORY MANAGEMENT *HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT *LANDSCAPE TECHNOLOGY *LAW ENFORCEMENT *AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS TECH *AIR CONDITIONING/REFRIG SYS TECH *BUILDING MAINTENANCE &UTILITIES

50+ EXISTING PROGRAMS COULD BENEFIT FROM AN EDUCATION MODULE ON POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL METHODS

WHAT NEW PROGRAMS ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION WILL BE NEEDED BY YOUR

CUSTOMERS TO PREPARE THEM FOR THE FUTURE7377 . . . . 77777 . . . . .

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CREATING A COMMUNITY COLLEGE

CONSORTIUM FOR POLLUTION

PREVENTION EDUCATION

Pollution Control and Prevention Ehmition Modules

Instructcr Training Opportunity

Pollution Prevention Education Action Plan

* Conlmunity College System-wide Legislative

Budget Request for FY 96-97 using DEP c_

4?ollution Recovery Trust L Fund

HOW CAN THE COMMUNITY COLLEGES MAKE A DIFFERENCE?

1. Integrate Pollution Prevention and Control Education into the Enterprise Florida - Jobs Siting Training

2. Ask your local businesses and industries what their environmental training needs include

3. Ask your instructors to integrate a prevention focus into environmental protection training

4. Offer or expand business training to provide a convenient forum to receive environmental protection information

5. By training workers in environmental protection methods you can help CEOs from becoming JCOs (Saifab f e Co rp o 1: ate 0 ffici als)

6. Let your local businesses and industries know horn- you can help if they receive an environmental compliance notice of violation, For non-criminal violations they can get a Pollution Prevention Credit applied towards the frne up to 100% of the amount. It can be used to invest in a pollution prevention project on-site and/or FUND ADDITIONAL WORKER TR4L"G COURSES FOR THAT INDUSTRY TYPE.

7. Participate in the Pollution Prevention Education Consortium

Call Janeth Campbell a t 904-921-9229 for detaiis or Dr. Doug Stutz at 305-237-1798 to sign up!

a

a a a

Mis

sion

: T

he m

issi

on o

f E

nter

pris

e Fl

orid

a is

to

impr

ove

the

qual

ity o

f lif

e fo

r all

Flor

idia

ns

by b

uild

ing

a di

vers

ifie

d an

d co

mpe

titiv

e ec

onom

y ch

arac

teri

zed

by b

ette

r em

ploy

- m

ent o

ppor

tuni

ties

lead

ing

to h

ighe

r w

ages

.

Ente

rpris

e Fl

orid

a is

an

inno

vativ

e pi

iblic

/priv

,ate

par

tner

ship

bet

wee

n th

e st

ate'

s bu

sine

ss, g

wer

nmen

t and

edu

catio

n se

ctor

s tha

t st

reng

then

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exp

ands

Flo

rida's

eco

nom

ic d

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iviti

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s a

not-f

or-p

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En

terp

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Flor

ida

is de

sign

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cre

ate

a co

mpe

titiv

e bu

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limat

e in

the

stat

e th

at w

ill le

ad to

a m

ore

dive

rsifi

ed e

cono

my.

The

key

to s

uccc

ss fo

r En

terp

rise

Flor

ida

is w

orki

ng w

ith lo

cal a

nd re

gion

al

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omic

dcv

elop

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t org

aniz

atio

ns as

wel

l as

Flor

ida's

bus

ines

s and

gov

ernm

ent l

eade

rs.

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reng

then

ing

and

coor

dina

ting

the

stat

e's

econ

omic

dev

elop

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t act

iviti

es, E

nter

pris

e Fl

orid

a ca

n be

tter

stim

ulat

e th

e cr

eatio

n of

high

-wag

e jo

bs,

leav

ing

the

stat

e le

ss d

epen

dent

on

popu

latio

n in

crea

ses

for i

ts e

cono

mic

gro

wth

.

In l

!Bl,

the

Flor

ida

Cha

mbe

r and

the

Flor

ida

Dep

artm

ent!

of C

omm

erce

join

ed t

oget

her

to p

repn

re

an o

rpin

izat

iona

l pl

an f

or im

plem

entin

g th

e Fl

orid

a C

ham

ber's

Cor

trers

fotre

and

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ryris

e Fl

orid

a re

sear

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n ad

ditio

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e G

over

nor's

Tra

nsiti

on T

ask

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e re

com

men

datio

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d th

e C

omm

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or

Gov

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y th

e Pe

ople

stu

dies

wer

e in

corp

orat

- ed

int

o th

e IE

nter

pris

e Flo

rida

orga

niza

tiona

l pla

n.

As

a re

sult

of th

at p

lan,

Ent

erpr

ise

Flor

ida

was

cre

ated

in 1

992

by th

e Fl

orid

a Le

gisl

atur

e to

se

rve

as th

e st

ate'

s pu

blic

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vate

eco

nom

ic d

evel

op-

men

t org

aniz

atio

n.

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rpris

e Fl

orid

a is

aggr

essi

ve-

ly p

ursu

ing

a pr

ivat

e m

arke

t-dr

iven

app

roac

h to

cr

eate

hig

h-w

age

jobs

thro

ugh

a th

ree-

pron

g st

rate

gy:

train

ing,

acc

ess t

o c

apita

l, an

d te

chno

logy

de

velo

pmen

t.

Ente

rpris

e Fl

oritl

a is

fund

ed b

y pu

blic

and

pr

ivat

e pa

rtner

s.

It br

ings

toge

ther

a s

igni

fican

t am

ount

of f

inan

cial

sup

port

an

d in

-kin

d co

ntri

butio

ns fr

om I:

lorit

ia's

busi

ness

, pri

vate

and

pu

blic

sec

tors

.

Ente

rpris

e Fl

orid

a, a

not

-for

-pro

fit c

orpo

ra-

tion,

is t

he p

aren

t or

pini

zati

on re

spon

sibl

e fo

r ove

r-

all p

olic

y an

d in

itiat

ives

. It

is he

aded

by

a 21

-mcm

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r bo

ard

of di

rect

ors t

hat i

nclu

des m

embe

rs of

Fl

orid

a's p

riva

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Ttor

, Icg

isla

tivc

lead

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ip a

nd

key

gove

rnm

ent a

genc

ies.

The

boa

rd is

cha

ired

by

tlic

Gov

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r; its

vic

e ch

airm

an is

a le

ader

from

the

stat

e's

busi

ness

sec

tor.

Flor

ida

incl

udin

g el

ectio

n of

offic

ers a

nd

bud

get

appr

oval

. T

he b

oard

em

ploy

s a s

mal

l nur

nbcr

of

prof

essi

onal

sta

ff,

liead

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y a

pres

iden

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run

dai

ly

oper

a lio

ns.

prod

ucts

and

serv

ices

und

er th

e En

terp

rise

Flor

ida

umbr

ella

. T

hese

iiic

lude

: Ent

erpr

ise

Flor

ida

Jobs

and

Ed

ucat

ion

Part

ners

hip,

Ent

erpr

ise

Flor

ida

Cap

ital

I'artn

ersl

iip a

nd

Ent

erpr

ise

Flor

ida

Inno

vatio

n I'a

rtner

sliip

.

Tlie

boa

rd h

as o

vera

ll au

thor

ity fo

r Ent

erpr

ise

Thre

e af

filia

te o

rpin

izat

ions

pro

vide

spec

ific

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look

at e

ach

one

indi

vidu

ally

. E

nter

pris

e Flo

rida

jobs

nrr

rl Ed

ircnt

iorr

Pw

tlicr

ship

The

Ent

erpr

ise

Flor

ida

Jobs

and

Educ

atin

ii I'a

rtner

sliip

, a

not-f

or-p

rofit

cor

pnra

tion:

ha

s as

its fo

cus t

he cr

eatio

n an

d m

aint

enan

re o

f a

high

ly sk

illed

wor

k fo

rce t

hat

rcsp

ontts

to ra

pidl

y ch

angi

ng fc

chno

togy

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to d

iver

sifie

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oppi

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d,

wor

ks cl

osel

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ith c

omm

unity

col

lege

s, v

ocal

iona

t-

tcch

nica

l cen

ters

and

priv

ate i

ndus

try

coiin

cils

lo

rdir

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soun

xs to

war

d ta

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M-c

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e ta

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ccup

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ns li

avc

been

iden

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fied

thro

ugh

an O

ccup

itio

nal F

orey

astin

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onfe

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c co

nipi

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on b

oth

a st

ate

and

regi

onal

bas

is.

It fn

ciis

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on

jobs

tha

t are

hig

her p

lyin

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cmon

stra

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grow

th a

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abili

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o no

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uire

a b

achc

lor's

de

gree

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that

are

cur

rent

ly re

ceiv

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publ

ic as

sist

ance

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di

sabl

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ave

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glis

h pr

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m th

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fcde

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bee

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to im

plem

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syst

em th

at w

ill c

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educ

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izat

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for g

radu

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g an

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uden

ts in

tlic

se ta

rget

ed o

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By r

cpro

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amm

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thes

e $4

1 m

illio

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exi

stin

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nds,

mor

e th

an $

300

mill

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in s

tate

edu

catio

nal f

undi

ng is

be

ing

dire

cted

tow

ard

Flor

ida3

eco

nom

ic d

cvel

op-

mcn

t. T

he p

artn

ersh

ip a

lso

coor

dina

tes t

he Q

uick

I<

espo

nse T

rain

ing

Prog

ram

whi

ch p

r0vi

dt.s

gra

nts

for c

usto

miz

ed tr

aini

ng a

t com

mun

ity c

olle

ges

and

tech

nica

l cen

ters

for c

ompa

nies

seck

iiig

to relocate

to

the

stat

e or

Flo

rida

com

pnni

es w

ishi

ng to

cxp

ind

thei

r op

erat

ions

.

resp

onsi

ble

for e

nsur

ing

that

Flo

rida

deve

lops

and

m

aint

ains

a c

ompr

ehen

sive

trai

ning

stra

tegy

that

gi

ves

the

stat

e a c

ompe

titiv

e edg

e in

pro

vidi

ng a

hi

ghly

ski

lled

wor

k fo

rce

for F

lorid

a's b

usin

tuse

s.

Des

igna

ted

popu

latio

ns re

pres

ent

indi

vidu

als

A p

ool o

f al

mos

t $41

mill

ion

of s

tate

and

Fina

lly, t

he Jo

bs an

d Ed

ucat

ion

Part

ners

hip

is

3 SUPPLEMENTAL

- ENVIRONMENTAL

- PROJECT (SEPs)

with Environmental Enforcement Fines

Pollution Prevention Credits

hTesus requirement

Eligible for prevention projects on-site reduction projects on-site public awareness and education

Ask your regulator if you are eligible

Contact your state Pollution Prevention/ Waste Reductiodlkfinimization

Technical Assistance Program

1 1

KPC Southern Industries - Florida SEP

50% of HM7 enforcement fine became a Pollution Prevention Credit

Free technical assistance by a team of WX4P retired engineers and scientists

Results of Prevention and Minimization actions: Family business survived 35 current employees kept their jobs a m ther 11 employees got new jobs increased production bv J 20% reduce.d water use for processes bv 50% reduced ~wstewater discharges by 70 9'0 eliminated use of oreanic c- solvents hazardous waste reduction o f 20+% energy costs per production unit down 20% Gross receigts increase of 30% 31% increase in number of employees

a/

cL133. - 5

L-

Market share increased

Great publicity

Leader in environmentally responsible Mfg.

USEPA Waste Minimization National Plan 11-18-94

Focus on reducing the generation and subsequent release to the environment

of the'most persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic constituents in

hazardous wastes.

Goals: 1. Reduce selected H W nationally by

25% by the year 2000, and by 50% by the year 2005.

2. Avoid transferring these constituents across environmental media.

3. Ensure that these constituents are

whenever possible, o r reduced at their source

when not possible, they are recycled in an environmentally

sound manner.

LOOK UPSTREAM

AT THE SOURCE OF EVERY WASTE STREAM IS A

PERSON

EACH PERSON CAN MAKE A CHOICE

TO POLLUTE - By releasing a chemical into the environment

o r

- NOT TO POLLUTE -By keeping the chemical o r resource in the

product u r service,

with responsible use, management,

handling , storage, and

disposal o f chemicals

Invest in your workers- send them to 1 ~mllutiun preventior 2nd cmtro! education and training

WITH POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL EDUCATION NETWORKS WE CAN:

Motivate people to use chemicals and resources responsibly

Efficiently protect environmental quality

Reduce costs of operation and cleanup, now and for future generations

Water bodies that are fishable - and you can eat the fish without fear of injury to kids and mothers-to-be

Decrease future health care impacts for workers and others

Help businesses stay out of trouble from legal proceedings and non-compliance fine$

Keep CEOs from becoming JCOs - JaiIable Corporate Officials

Provide a better quality of life

Enhance economic viability of Florida businesses and their global competitiveness

Leave our grandkids the Florida we all enjoy- Clean Greer?, and Beautiful

CALL TO ACTION:

Contact your state o r local pollution prevention technical assistance program

Invest in avoiding the creation of pollution in the first place

Commit your company to going above and beyond regulatory compliance

Invest in pollution prevention education for every worker and manager

Join the National Pollution Prevention w- cA+- Roundtable-call 202-543-P2P2

Attend the Spring '95 P2 Roundtable April 2-5 in Austin, Texas

Attend the Fall '95 P2 Roundtable in Miami Beach, Florida J ) e 6 . 5 - 7 / 1 9 cf5

If you find yourself with lemons,

turn a problem fme into a poIIution make sweet lemonade

wwention L- solution

Provincial wisdom states:

an ounce o f wevention

is worth a wOun(

to

of cure

With todav's ODeratinE costs. I U J J

raw material costs,

energy costs,

disposal costs,

transportation costs, and

potentially inffite liability costs . . . . . .

an ounce of prevention - is worth at least a

ton. o f cure (clean-up) 7

( 1 to 2000 ) .