How to use this file...(Operators Manuals)————————————————————————————————————————————–––

Instructions forPrint Vendors (Paper Manuals)

Paper Size: * 11 x 17* Body—50 lbs brilliant white offset or equivalent.* Cover—on pre-printed two-tone “Swash” stock.

Press : * Body—1-color, 2-sided* Cover imprint —1-color, 1-sided

Bindery : * Saddle Stitch, Face Trim* Face Trim

COVERS: * This file may contain several manuals, which differ only in their covers.* Covers are all present at the beginning of this file.* Back cover for a particular manual is the page IMMEDIATELY AFTER the front cover.• Check the front cover for the individual part number (typically a 171xxxx number).

BODY: • The body of the manual is identical, regardless of the cover used.* REMEMBER: ODD number pages are ALWAYS right hand pages, and EVEN number are ALWAYS

left hand pages.

General : * This instruction page is NOT part of the manual and must NOT be printed.• Pages labeled with the text “THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK” are placement pages ONLY,

and should NOT be printed.

————————————————————————————————————————————–––

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK

OPERATOR’SMANUAL

ZT Series14HP RidersMfg. No. Description1693467 Zero Turn, 14HP Hydro1693469 Zero Turn, 14HP Hydro1693471 Zero Turn, 14HP Hydro1693290 Zero Turn, 14HP Hydro (Export)

16HP RidersMfg. No. Description1693473 Zero Turn, 16HP Hydro1693475 Zero Turn, 16HP Hydro1693477 Zero Turn, 16HP Hydro1693480 Zero Turn, 16HP Hydro (Export)1694083 Zero Turn, 16HP Hydro1694084 Zero Turn, 16HP Hydro1694085 Zero Turn, 16HP Hydro

18HP RidersMfg. No. Description1693230 Zero Turn, 18HP Hydro1693232 Zero Turn, 18HP Hydro1693234 Zero Turn, 18HP Hydro1693294 Zero Turn, 18HP Hydro (Export)

38” Mower DecksMfg. No. Description1692912 38” Mower Deck1692913 38” Mower Deck1693719 38” Mower Deck (Export)1693825 38” Mower Deck1693826 38” Mower Deck1694086 38” Mower Deck

44” Mower DecksMfg. No. Description1692914 44” Mower Deck1692915 44” Mower Deck1693720 44” Mower Deck (Export)1693827 44” Mower Deck1693828 44” Mower Deck1694087 44” Mower Deck

50” Mower DecksMfg. No. Description1693235 50” Mower Deck1693236 50” Mower Deck1693721 50” Mower Deck (Export)1694088 50” Mower Deck

1719527-07(Supercedes 1719528 & 1719529)

Rev 4/2003TP 100-2200-07-ZT-SMA

MANUFACTURING, INC .500 N Spring Street / PO Box 997Port Washington, WI 53074-0997

www.simplicitymfg.com

© Copyright 2001 Simplicity Manufacturing, Inc.All Rights Reserved. Printed in USA.

1

Table of ContentsTroubleshooting, Adjustments & Service .......21

Troubleshooting the Rider.....................................21Troubleshooting the Mower ..................................22Seat Adjustment....................................................23Top Speed Adjustment .........................................23Brake Adjustment..................................................23Mower Adjustments ..............................................24Blade Brake Check ...............................................26Mower Belt Replacement ......................................26Rider Drive Belt Replacement...............................27Battery Service......................................................28

Checking the Battery Voltage ...........................28Charging A Completely

Discharged Battery .......................................28Jump Starting with

Auxiliary (Booster) Battery ............................28Specifications ....................................................30Parts & Accessories..........................................32

Lawn Care & Mowing Information .............LC—1

International Symbols ................................LC—8Technical Manuals ......................................LC—8

NOTE: In this manual, “left” and “right” are referred to asseen from the operating position.

Identification Numbers........................................2Safety Rules & Information.................................3Features & Controls ............................................6

Control Functions....................................................6Safety Interlock System ..........................................7

Operating the Zero Turn Rider ...........................8General ...................................................................8Checks Before Starting ...........................................8Starting The Engine ................................................9Stopping the Rider ..................................................9Pushing the Rider by Hand ....................................9Zero Turn Driving Practice ....................................10Mower Installation & Removal ..............................12Adjusting Mower Cutting Height............................14Storage .................................................................15

Regular Maintenance ........................................16Maintenance Schedule .........................................16Checking Tire Pressures.......................................16Checking/Adding Fuel ...........................................17Fuel Filter ..............................................................17Oil & Filter Change................................................17Check / Change Air FIlter......................................17Replace Spark Plug ..............................................17Check Transmission Oil Level ..............................17Lubrication ............................................................18Battery Maintenance .............................................19

Checking Battery Fluid..................................19Cleaning the Battery and Cables ..................19

Servicing the Mower Blades .................................20

WARNINGEngine exhaust from this product containschemicals known, in certain quantities, to causecancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.

2

Identification Numbers

169XXXX

MFG

Simplicity Manufacturing, Inc.Port Washington, WI 53074-0997 U.S.A.

SERIAL

XXXXXMower Deck

Identification TagUnit

Identification Tag

SSAAMMPPLLEE

When contacting your AuthorizedDealer for replacement parts, service,or information YOU MUST HAVETHESE NUMBERS.

IDENTIFICATION NUMBERSRecord your model name/number, unit and mower deckmanufacturer numbers and engine serial number in thespace provided for easy reference.

• The Unit I.D. tag is located on the left-side, of theframe, as shown below.

• The Mower Deck I.D. tag is also on the left side, ontop of the mower deck.

• For location of Engine Serial Number, refer to theEngine Owner’s Manual.

Be sure to fill out and return the Warranty RegistrationCard supplied with your unit.

IDENTIFICATION TAG LOCATIONS

ENGINE REFERENCE DATA

Model Description Name/Number

Unit MFG Number

PRODUCT REFERENCE DATA

Unit SERIAL Number

Dealer Name Date Purchased

Engine Make

Engine Type/Spec

Engine Model

Engine Code/Serial Number

Mower Deck MFG Number Mower Deck SERIAL Number

3

GENERAL OPERATION• Read, understand, and follow all instructions in the manual and on

the unit before starting.• Only allow responsible adults, who are familiar with the instruc-

tions, to operate the unit (local regulations can restrict operatorage).

• Clear the area of objects such as rocks, toys, wire, etc., whichcould be picked up and thrown by the blade(s).

• Be sure the area is clear of other people before mowing. Stop unitif anyone enters the area.

• Never carry passengers.• Do not mow in reverse unless absolutely necessary. Always look

down and behind before and while travelling in reverse.• Be aware of the mower discharge direction and do not point it at

anyone. Do not operate the mower without either the entire grasscatcher or the deflector in place.

• Slow down before turning.• Never leave a running unit unattended. Always disengage the

PTO, set parking brake, stop engine, and remove keys before dis-mounting.

• Turn off the PTO switch to disengage the blades when not mowing.• Stop engine before removing grass catcher or unclogging chute.• Mow only in daylight or good artificial light.• Do not operate the unit while under the influence of alcohol or

drugs.• Watch for traffic when operating near or crossing roadways.

• Use extra care when loading or unloading the unit into a trailer ortruck.

• Data indicates that operators, age 60 years and above, areinvolved in a large percentage of riding mower-related injuries.These operators should evaluate their ability to operate the ridingmower safely enough to protect themselves and others from injury.

• Keep in mind the operator is responsible for accidents occurring toother people or property.

• All drivers should seek and obtain professional and practicalinstruction.

• Always wear substantial footwear and trousers. Never operatewhen barefoot or wearing sandals.

• Before using, always visually check that the blades and blade hard-ware are present, in-tact, and secure. Replace worn or damagedparts.

• Never operate the machine with defective guards, or without safetyprotective devises in place.

• Disengage attachments before: refuelling, removing an attachment,making adjustments (unless the adjustment can be made from theoperator’s position).

• When the machine is parked, stored, or left unattended, lower thecutting means unless a positive mechanical lock is used.

• Follow the manufacturer’s recommendation for wheel weights orcounterweights.

SLOPE OPERATION

Slopes are a major factor related to loss-of-control and tip-over accidents,which can result in severe injury or death. All slopes require extra caution.If you cannot back up the slope or if you feel uneasy on it, do not operateon it.Control of a ride-on machine sliding on a slope will not be regained by theapplication of the brake. The main reasons for loss of control are: insuffi-cient tire grip on the ground, speed too fast, inadequate braking, the typeof machine is unsuitable for it’s task, lack of awareness of the ground con-ditions, incorrect hitching and load distribution.

Read these safety rules and follow them closely. Failure to obey these rules could result in loss of control of unit, severe personal injury or death to you, or bystanders, or damage to property or equipment.This mowing deck is capable of amputating hands and feet and throwing objects.The triangle in text signifies important cautions or warnings which must be followed.

Safety Rules & Information

WARNINGNever operate on slopes greater than 17.6 percent(10°) which is a rise of 3-1/2 feet (106 cm) vertically in20 feet (607 cm) horizontally. When operating on slopes use additional wheelweights or counterweights. See your dealer todetermine which weights are available andappropriate for your unit. Select slow ground speed before driving onto slope.In addition to front and rear weights, use extra cautionwhen operating on slopes with rear-mounted grasscatcher.Mow UP and DOWN the slope, never across theface, use caution when changing directions and DONOT START OR STOP ON SLOPE.

Do• See your authorized dealer for recommendations of wheel weights

or counterweights to improve stability. • Mow up and down slopes, not across.• Remove obstacles such as rocks, tree limbs, etc.• Watch for holes, ruts, or bumps. Uneven terrain could overturn the

unit. Tall grass can hide obstacles.• Use slow speed. Tires may lose traction on slopes even through

the brakes are functioning properly. Choose a low gear so that youwill not have to stop or shift while on the slope.

• Use extra care with grass catchers or other attachments. Thesecan change the stability of the unit.

• Keep all movement on the slopes slow and gradual. Do not makesudden changes in speed or direction.

• Always keep unit in gear especially when traveling downhill. Whenclutching, release clutch slowly.

Do Not• Do not start or stop on a slope. If tires lose traction, disengage the

blade(s) and proceed slowly straight down the slope.• Do not turn on slopes unless necessary, and then, turn slowly and

gradually downhill, if possible.• Do not mow near drop-offs, ditches, or embankments. The mower

could suddenly turn over if a wheel is over the edge of a cliff orditch, or if an edge caves in.

• Do not mow on wet grass. Reduced traction could cause sliding.• Do not try to stabilize the unit by putting your foot on the ground.• Do not use grass catchers on steep slopes.• Do not mow slopes you cannot back up.• Do not shift to neutral and coast down hill.

4

Safety RulesSlope Operation ContinuedChildrenTragic accidents can occur if the operator is not alert to the presence ofchildren. Children are often attracted to the unit and the mowing activity.Never assume that children will remain where you last saw them.

• Keep children out of the mowing area and under the watchful careof another responsible adult.

• Be alert and turn unit off if children enter the area.• Before and during reverse operation, look behind and down for

small children.• Never carry children. They may fall off and be seriously injured or

interfere with safe unit operation.• Never allow children to operate the unit.• Use extra care when approaching blind corners, shrubs, trees, or

other objects that may obscure vision.

TOWING• Never allow children or others in or on towed equipment.• Tow only with a machine that has a hitch designed for towing. Do

not attach towed equipment except at the hitch point.• Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for weight limit for

towed equipment and towing on slopes.• On slopes, the weight of the towed equipment may cause loss of

traction and loss of control.• Travel slowly and allow extra distance to stop.• Do not shift to neutral and coast down hill.

TRANSPORTING AND STORAGE

• Always observe safe refueling and fuel handling practices whenrefueling the tractor after transportation or storage.

• Always follow the engine manual instructions for storage prepara-tions before storing the tractor for both short and long term periods.

• Always follow the engine manual instructions for proper start-upprocedures when returning the unit to service.

• Never store the unit or fuel container inside where there is an openflame or pilot light, such as in a water heater. Allow unit to coolbefore storing.

EMISSIONS• Engine exhaust from this product contains chemicals known, in

certain quantities, to cause cancer, birth defects, or other repro-ductive harm.

• Look for the relevant Emissions Durability Period and Air Indexinformation on the engine emissions label.

WARNINGWhen transporting this tractor on an open trailer,make sure unit is facing forward, toward the directionof travel. If tractor is facing backward, wind lift couldcause damage to the hood.

SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE• Use extra care in handling gasoline and other fuels. They are flam-

mable and vapors are explosive.a) Use only an approved container.b) Never remove gas cap or add fuel with the

engine running. Allow engine to cool before refueling. Do not smoke.

c) Never refuel the unit indoors.• If fuel is spilled, do not attempt to start the engine but move the

machine away from the area of spillage and avoid creating anysource of ignition until petrol vapors have dissipated.

• Replace all fuel tank caps and fuel container caps securely.• Never fill containers inside a vehicle or on a truck bed with a plastic

bed liner. Always place containers on the ground away from yourvehicle before filling.

• Remove gas-powered equipment from the truck or trailer and refuelit on the ground. If this is not possible, then refuel such equipmenton a trailer with a portable container, rather than from a gasolinedispenser nozzle.

• Keep nozzle in contact with the rim of the fuel tank or containeropening at all times until fueling is complete. Do not use a nozzlelock-open device.

• If fuel is spilled on clothing, change clothing immediately.• Maintain or replace safety and instruction labels as necessary.• Never run a unit in an enclosed area.• Keep nuts and bolts, especially blade attachment bolts, tight and

keep equipment in good condition.• Never tamper with safety devices. Check their proper operation

regularly and make necessary repairs if they are not functioningproperly.

• Keep unit free of grass, leaves, or other debris build-up. Clean upoil or fuel spillage.

• Stop and inspect the equipment if you strike an object. Repair, ifnecessary, before restarting.

• Never make adjustments or repairs with the engine running unlessspecified otherwise in the engine manufacturer’s manual.

• Grass catcher components are subject to wear, damage, and dete-rioration, which could expose moving parts or allow objects to bethrown. Frequently check components and replace with manufac-turer’s recommended parts, when necessary.

• Mower blades are sharp and can cut. Wrap the blade(s) or weargloves, and use extra caution when servicing them.

• Check brake operation frequently. Adjust and service as required.• Use only factory authorized replacement parts when making

repairs.• Always comply with factory specifications on all settings and

adjustments.• Only authorized service locations should be utilized for major ser-

vice and repair requirements.• Never attempt to make major repairs on this unit unless you have

been properly trained. Improper service procedures can result inhazardous operation, equipment damage and voiding of manufac-turer’s warranty.

• On multiple blade mowers, take care as rotating one blade cancause other blades to rotate.

• Do not change engine governor settings or over-speed the engine.Operating the engine at excessive speed can increase the hazardof personal injury.

• Disengage drive attachments, stop the engine, remove the key,and disconnect the spark plug wire(s) before: clearing attachmentblockages and chutes, performing service work, striking an object,or if the unit vibrates abnormally. After striking an object, inspectthe machine for damage and make repairs before restarting andoperating the equipment.

• Never place hands near the hydro pump cooling fan when the trac-tor is running. Cooling fan is located on top of the transaxle

5

Safety Decals

SAFETY DECALSThis unit has been designed and manufactured to pro-vide you with the safety and reliability you would expectfrom an industry leader in outdoor power equipmentmanufacturing.

Although reading this manual and the safety instructionsit contains will provide you with the necessary basicknowledge to operate this equipment safely and effec-tively, we have placed several safety labels on the unit toremind you of this important information while you areoperating your unit.

All DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION and instructionalmessages on your rider and mower should be carefullyread and obeyed. Personal bodily injury can result whenthese instructions are not followed. The information is foryour safety and it is important! The safety decals beloware on your rider and mower.

If any of these decals are lost or damaged, replace themat once. See your local dealer for replacements.

These labels are easily applied and will act as a constantvisual reminder to you, and others who may use theequipment, to follow the safety instructions necessary forsafe, effective operation.

DANGER

ROTATING CUTTING BLADEDo not put hands or feet

under mower deck whileblade is rotating.

1704276

DANGER

ROTATING CUTTING BLADE Do not operate mower

without deflector or entiregrass catcher in place.

1704277

Decal - DangerPart No. 1704276

Decal - DangerPart No. 1704277

AVOID SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH• READ OPERATOR'S MANUAL(S).• KNOW LOCATION AND FUNCTION OF ALL CONTROLS.• KEEP SAFETY DEVICES (GUARDS, SHIELDS, & SWITCHES) IN PLACE AND WORKING.• REMOVE OBJECTS THAT COULD BE THROWN BY THE BLADE.• DO NOT MOW WHEN CHILDREN OR OTHERS ARE AROUND.• NEVER CARRY CHILDREN.• LOOK DOWN AND BEHIND—BEFORE AND WHILE BACKING.• AVOID SUDDEN TURNS.• IF YOU CANNOT BACK UP A HILL — DO NOT OPERATE ON IT.• GO UP AND DOWN SLOPES, NOT ACROSS.• IF MACHINE STOPS GOING UPHILL, STOP BLADE AND BACK DOWN SLOWLY.• BE SURE BLADE(S) AND ENGINE ARE STOPPED BEFORE PLACING HANDS OR FEET NEAR BLADE(S).• WHEN LEAVING MACHINE, SHUT OFF ENGINE, REMOVE KEY, AND SET PARKING BRAKE.

WARNING

DO NOT TOW UNIT!Damage may result todrive mechanism.

OPERATIONTo Start Engine• Seat must be occupied.• Clutch/Brake pedal must be depressed.• PTO switch must be off.

Ignition SwitchOFF

RUN

START

Clutch/BrakePedal

ParkingBrakeKnob

Parking BrakeTo Set Parking Brake• Pull knob up while Clutch/Brake pedal is depressed.• Release Clutch/Brake pedal while holding knob.To Release Parking Brake• Depress Clutch/Brake pedal.• Push knob down while Clutch/Brake pedal is depressed.

To Adjust Top Speed of WheelsCOLUMN KNOBS INDEPENDENTLYCONTROL TOP SPEED OFEACH WHEEL• Turn knob clockwise to lower top speed of a wheel.• Turn knob counter-clockwise to raise top speed of a wheel.Lower speed of faster wheel untilvehicle travels in straight line whenboth levers are in the MAXIMUMforward position.

When Operator Leaves Seat• Engine will shut off if Parking Brake is not engaged.• Engine will shut off if PTO switch is on.

PTO SwitchTo Operate PTO clutch• The operator must be in seat.• To engage PTO, pull switch up.• To disengage PTO, push switch down.

ROTATING BLADESCUT OFF ARMSAND LEGSSTOP MOWER WHENCHILDREN ARE NEAR.

NO RIDERS— THEY FALL OFF.

DANGER

DANGEROPERATING ONSLOPES CAN BEDANGEROUSSEE OPERATOR'SMANUAL.IF YOU CANNOTBACK-UP A HILL—DO NOT DRIVE ON IT.

1715993

Decal - Operating InstructionsPart No. 1715993

F

R

F

R

600

Features & Controlsof the Zero Turn Rider

A. Ground Speed Control Levers These levers control the ground speed of the rider. Theleft lever controls the left rear drive wheel and the rightcontrols the right rear drive wheel.

Moving a lever forward increases the FORWARD speedof the associated wheel, and pulling back on a leverincreases the REVERSE speed.

Note: The further a lever is moved away from the neutralposition the faster the drive wheel will turn.

B. Top Speed Adjustment KnobsThese knobs independently control the top speed of theleft and right drive wheels, and are used to balance themaximum forward lever positions. Turn a knob CLOCK-WISE to lower the top speed of a wheel, and COUNTER-CLOCKWISE to increase the top speed of a wheel.

C. Seat Adjustment LeverThe seat can be adjusted forward and back. Move thelever to the LEFT, position the seat as desired, andrelease the lever to lock the seat in position.

D. Ignition Switch The ignition switch starts and stops the engine, it hasthree positions:

OFF Stops the engine and shuts off the electrical system.

RUN Allows the engine to run and powers theelectrical system.

START Cranks the engine for starting.

NOTE: Never leave the ignition switch in the RUN posi-tion with the engine stopped–this drains the battery.

CONTROL FUNCTIONSPlease take a moment and familiarize yourself with the name, location, and function of these controls so thatyou will better understand the safety and operating instructions provided in this manual.

The information below briefly describes the function of individual controls. Starting, stopping, driving, and mowingrequire the combined use of several controls applied in specific sequences. To learn what combination and sequenceof controls to use for various tasks see the OPERATION section.

Figure 1. 14HP & 16HP Rider & Mower Controls(Seen from Operator’s Position)

A. Ground Speed Control LeversB. Top Speed Adjustment KnobsC. Seat Adjustment LeverD. Ignition Switch

E. Parking Brake KnobF. Clutch/Brake PedalG. PTO (Electric Clutch) SwitchH. Mower Height Adjuster

I. Throttle ControlJ. Choke Control (18HP Only)K. Headlight Switch (18HP Only)

A

D

C

B

E

F

G

I

H

14HP & 16HP Models

F

R

F

R

A

D

C

B

E

F

G

I

H

J

K18HP Models

Figure 2. 18HP Rider & Mower Controls(Seen from Operator’s Position)

700

E. Parking Brake KnobThe parking brake is applied by fully depressing theclutch/brake pedal and then pulling UP on the parkingbrake knob. To release the parking brake, fully depressthe clutch/brake pedal, and push the knob DOWN.

F. Clutch/Brake Pedal Depressing the clutch/brake pedal disengages the trans-missions and applies the brake.

G. PTO (Power Take Off) SwitchThe PTO switch engages and disengages the mower.Pull OUT on the switch to engage, and push IN to disen-gage.

H. Mower Height AdjusterThis controls the cutting height of the mower deck.

Later 14HP & 16HP Models: Pull back on the lift leverand depress release button. Move the lever to thedesired height and release the lever.

Early 14HP & 16HP Models: Move this lever to theLEFT and then into the desired cutting height position.Moving the lever FORWARD decreases the cuttingheight, and BACK increases the cutting height.

18HP Models: Turn the knob clockwise to raise the cut-ting height and counter clockwise to lower it.

I & J. Throttle / Choke Control14HP & 16HP Models have a combined throttle / chokecontrol (I, see Figure 1). Moving the throttle / choke con-trol fully forward chokes the engine for cold starts. (Awarm engine may not require choking.) The first “notch”position back from choke position is FULL throttle.Always operate the unit at FULL throttle.

18HP Models have separate throttle and choke controls(I & J, see Figure 2). Pulling the round choke controlknob (J) out fully chokes the engine for cold starts. (Awarm engine may not require choking.) Moving thethrottle control (I) fully forward is FULL throttle position.Always operate the unit at FULL throttle.

K. Headlight Switch18HP Models Only: Turn the switch ON to light the frontheadlight.

Features & Controls

SAFETY INTERLOCK SYSTEM

This unit is equipped with safety interlock switchesand other safety devices. These safety systems arepresent for your safety, do not attempt to bypasssafety switches, and never tamper with safetydevices. Check their operation regularly.

Operational SAFETY ChecksYour unit is equipped with a seat switch safety sys-tem. Check the seat switch operation every fall andspring with the following tests.

Test 1 — Engine should NOT crank if any of the following conditions exist:

• PTO switch is engaged (ON), OR

• Clutch/brake pedal is NOT fully depressed.

Test 2 — Engine SHOULD crank if ALL of the following conditions are met:

• PTO switch is NOT engaged, AND

• Clutch/brake pedal IS fully depressed.

Test 3 — Engine should SHUT OFF if any of the following conditions exist:

• Operator rises off seat with transmission controllevers out of the neutral gate AND clutch/brakepedal NOT depressed, OR

• Operator rises off seat with clutch/brake pedalNOT fully depressed, OR

• Operator rises off seat with PTO engaged.

Test 4 — Blade Brake Check

Mower blades and mower drive belt should come toa complete stop within five seconds after electricPTO switch is turned off (or operator rises off seat).If mower drive belt does not stop within five sec-onds, see your dealer.

NOTE: Once the engine has stopped, PTO switchmust be turned off after operator returns to the seatin order to start the engine.

WARNINGIf the unit does not pass a safety test, do notoperate it. See your authorized dealer. Underno circumstance should you attempt to defeatthe purpose of the safety interlock system.

800

GENERAL OPERATING SAFETYBefore first time operation:

• Be sure to read all information in the Safety andOperation sections before attempting to operate thisrider and mower.

• Become familiar with all of the controls and how tostop the unit.

• Drive in an open area without mowing to becomeaccustomed to the unit.

Operatingthe Zero Turn Rider

DANGEROPERATING ON SLOPES CAN BE DANGEROUS

Never operate on slopes greater than 17.6% (10°)which is a rise of 3-1/2 feet vertically in 20 feethorizontally.

Operate the rider at a slow ground speed whendriving onto slope.

This unit is equipped with standard rearcounterweights - DO NOT OPERATE THE UNITWITHOUT THESE COUNTERWEIGHT IN PLACE.

In addition to counterweights, use extra cautionwhen operating on slopes with rear-mountedgrass catcher. Mow UP and DOWN the slope,never across the face, use caution whenchanging directions and DO NOT START ORSTOP ON SLOPE.

WARNINGNever allow passengers to ride on the unit.

Before leaving the operator’s position for anyreason, engage the parking brake, disengage thePTO, stop the engine and remove the key.

To reduce fire hazard, keep the engine, rider andmower free of grass, leaves and excess grease.Do not stop or park rider over dry leaves, grass orcombustible materials.

Gasoline is highly flammable and must behandled with care. Never fill the tank when theengine is still hot from recent operation. Do notallow open flame, smoking or matches in thearea. Avoid over-filling and wipe up any spills.CHECKS BEFORE STARTING

• Check that crankcase is filled to full mark on dipstick.See the engine Operator’s Manual for instructionsand oil recommendations.

• Make sure all nuts, bolts, screws and pins are inplace and tight.

• Adjust the seat position, and make certain you canreach all controls from operator’s position.

• Fill the gasoline tank with fresh gasoline. Refer toengine manual for gasoline recommendations.

• Make certain rear counterweights (see Figure 3) areinstalled at all times, and use extra caution if you willbe operating the unit on sloping ground.

Figure 3. Engine Access & Rear WeightsA. Fuel TankB. Rear Counterweights (ALL Models)C. Outer Counterweights (18HP Models Only)

Lift Deckto access

Engine

A

BC

NOTE: All models use two block-shaped rear weightsmounted under the rear frame (see bottom of Figure 3).18HP models use two additional wrap-around weights(see top of Figure 3) bolted into the back of the transmis-sion carrier.

900

Operating the Zero Turn Rider

Figure 4. 14HP & 16HP Rider & Mower Controls

STARTING THE ENGINE1. While sitting in the operator seat, fully depress the

clutch/brake pedal or set the parking brake.2. NOTE: A warm engine may not require choking.

14HP & 16HP Models — Set engine throttle control(H, Figure 4) all the way up to CHOKE.18HP Models — Set engine throttle control (H,Figure 5) to FULL throttle position. Then fully closethe choke (J, Figure 5) by pulling the knob OUT fully.

3. Disengage the PTO by pushing the PTO switch allthe way down (G, Figure 3)

4. Insert the key into the ignition switch (D, Figure 4)and turn it to START.

14HP & 16HP Models5. 14HP & 16HP Models — After the engine starts,

move the engine throttle control (H, Fig. 4) to SLOW.18HP Models — After the engine starts, graduallyopen the choke (push knob down fully).

Warm up the engine by running it for at least a minute beforeengaging the PTO switch or driving the rider.

6. After warming up the engine, ALWAYS operatethe unit at FULL THROTTLE when mowing.

In the event of an emergency the engine can be stopped bysimply turning the ignition switch to STOP. Use thismethod only in emergency situations. For normal engine shutdown follow the procedure given in STOPPING THE RIDER.

Figure 5. 18HP Rider & Mower Controls

A. Ground Speed Control LeversB. Top Speed Adjustment KnobsC. Seat Adjustment LeverD. Ignition SwitchE. Parking Brake Knob

F. Clutch/Brake PedalG. PTO (Electric Clutch) SwitchH. Throttle/Choke ControlI. Mower Height Adjuster

A. Ground Speed Control LeversB. Top Speed Adjustment KnobC. Seat Adjustment LeverD. Ignition SwitchE. Parking Brake Knob

F. Clutch/Brake PedalG. PTO (Electric Clutch) SwitchH. Throttle ControlI. Mower Height AdjusterJ. Choke Control

F

R

F

R

A

D

C

B

E

F

G

I

H

F

R

F

R

J

A

D

C

B

E

F

G

I

H

Figure 6. Hydro Transmission Release LeversA. Left Lever (shown in DRIVE position)B. Right Lever (shown in PUSH position)

A

B

14HP & 16HP Models

18HP Models

PUSHING THE RIDER BY HAND

1. Disengage the PTO, engage the parking brake, turnthe ignition OFF, and remove the key.

2. Disengage the transmissions by moving both releaselevers from engaged position(A, Figure 6) to releasedposition (B). The release levers are located in theback of the unit between the rear weights (see Figure4). BOTH release levers must be pulled fully rear-ward and down to push the rider by hand.

NOTE: To drive the rider BOTH release levers must be movedcompletely forward to engage the transmissions.

DO NOT TOW RIDERTowing the unit will cause transmission damage.Do not use another vehicle to push or pull this unit.

STOPPING THE RIDER1. Returning the ground speed control levers (A, Figure 3)

to the middle positions will stop rider movement. Foremergency stopping depress the clutch/brakepedal (see F, Figures 4-5).

2. Disengage the PTO by pushing down on the PTOswitch (See G, Figures 4-5).

3. Set engine throttle control (H, Figures 4-5) to mid-throttle position and turn the ignition key to OFF.Remove the key.

NOTE: Stopping the engine at any speed other than MID-to-FULL positions can cause engine damage. Do NOT stopthe engine with the throttle control in the IDLE position.

10

Operating the Zero Turn Rider

ZERO TURNDRIVING PRACTICEThe lever controls of the Zero Turn rider are responsive,and learning to gain a smooth and efficient control of therider’s forward, reverse, and turning movements will takesome practice.

Spending some time going through the maneuversshown and becoming familiar with how the unit acceler-ates, travels, and steers — before you begin mowing —is absolutely essential to getting the most out of the ZeroTurn rider.

Locate a smooth, flat area of your lawn — one withplenty of room to maneuver. (Clear the area of objects,people and animals before you begin.) Operate the unitat mid-throttle during this practice session (ALWAYSoperate at full throttle when mowing), and turn slowly toprevent tire slippage and damage to your lawn.

We suggest you begin with the Smooth Travel proce-dure to the right, and then advance through the forward,reverse, and turning maneuvers.

Smooth TravelThe lever controls of theZero Turn rider are RESPONSIVE .

The BEST method ofhandling the groundspeed control levers is inthree steps — as shownin Figure 7.

FIRST place the palms ofyour hands onto thelevers as shown.

SECOND, to go forwardgradually push the leverstoward the console withyour palms.

THIRD, to speed upmove the levers fartherforward. To slow downsmoothly, loosen yourgrip on the console andallow the levers to returntoward neutral.

Figure 8. Forward Travel Figure 9. Reverse Travel

Figure 7. Move ControlLevers Gradually.

Forward Travel PracticeGradually move both ground speed control levers —evenly FORWARD from neutral. Slow down and repeat.

NOTE: Straight forward travel takes practice. If neces-sary, top speed can be balance-adjusted — see the TopSpeed Adjustment Knobs in the Adjustments sectionnear the back of this manual.

Reverse Travel PracticeLOOK DOWN & BEHIND, then gradually move bothground speed control levers evenly BACK from neutral.Slow down and repeat.

NOTE: Practice backing up for several minutes beforeattempting to do so near objects. The rider turns sharplyin reverse as well as forward, and backing up straighttakes practice.

WARNINGMake certain the area of operation, and especiallythe direction of travel is clear of objects, peopleand animals.

Always look DOWN AND BEHIND before backing!

BASIC DRIVING

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ForwardTravel

ReverseTravel

11

Operating the Zero Turn Rider

Figure 11. Turning in PlaceFigure 10. Turning Around a Corner

Practice Turning Around a CornerWhile traveling forward allow one handle to graduallyreturn back toward neutral. Repeat several times.

NOTE: To prevent pivoting directly on the tire tread, it isbest to keep both wheels going at least slightly forward.

Practice Turning In PlaceTo turn in place, “Zero Turn,” gradually move one groundspeed control lever forward from neutral and one leverback from neutral simultaneously. Repeat several times.

NOTE: Changing the amount each lever is pulled—forwardor back, changes the “pivot point” you turn on.

ADVANCED DRIVING

Executing an End-Of-Row Zero TurnYour Zero Turn Rider’s unique ability to turnin place allows you to turn around at theend of a cutting row rather than having tostop and Y-turn before starting a new row.

For example, to execute a right end-of rowZero Turn:1. Slow down at the end of the row.

2. Move the LEFT ground speed controllever forward slightly while moving theRIGHT ground speed control lever backto center and then slightly back fromcenter.

3. Begin mowing forward again.

This technique turns the rider RIGHT andslightly overlaps the row just cut —eliminating the need to back up and re-cutmissed grass.

As you become more familiar and experi-enced with operating the Zero Turn rider,you will learn more maneuvers that willmake your mowing time easier and moreenjoyable.

Remember, the more you practice, thebetter your control of the Zero Turn will be!

Figure 12. Executing an End-Of-Row Turn

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TurningIn-Place

ExecutingTurns

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1200

Figure 13a. Mower Components (Later Models)A. Mower Cutting Height C. Front Gauge Wheels

Adjustment Lever D. Mower SupportsB. Rear Gauge Wheel E. Idler Pulley Arm

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E

B

MOWER DECK REMOVAL &INSTALLATIONNOTE: Perform mower removal and installation on ahard, level surface such as a concrete floor.

●● 38” & 44” Models

REMOVING THE MOWER DECK1. Swing the front wheels out.2. Place the mower height adjustment lever (A, Figures

13a & 13b) in the lowest cutting position.3. Release tension on the drive belt using the Idler

Pulley Arm (E, Figures 13a & 13b) and release thedrive belt.

4. Disconnect the front hitch by pulling out on therelease rod (A, Figure 14) and lifting the mower hitch(C, Figure 14) off the rider hitch bracket (B, Figure 14).

5. Slide the mower deck forward and out from under theright side of the rider.

INSTALLING THE MOWER DECK1. Swing the front wheels out.2. Place the mower height adjustment lever (A, Figures

13a & 13b) in the lowest cutting position.3. Slide the mower deck under the right side of the rider,

and then back, making certain the mower supports(D, Figures 13a & 13b) are properly located onto therider support plates (D, Figure 14).

4. Connect the mower hitch to the front rider hitch bypulling out on the release rod (See Figure 14).

5. Attach the drive belt.

Operating the Zero Turn Rider

Figure 14. Mower Hitch ComponentsA. Rider Hitch Bracket C. Mower HitchB. Release Rod D. Rider/Mower Supports

WARNINGEngage parking brake, disengage PTO, stop engineand remove key before attempting to install orremove the mower.

A

BCD

C

Figure 13b. Mower Components (Early Models)A. Mower Cutting Height C. Front Gauge Wheels

Adjustment Lever D. Mower SupportsB. Rear Gauge Wheel E. Idler Pulley Arm

AD

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C

1300

Figure 16. Mower Hitch ComponentsA. Rider Hitch Bracket C. Mower HitchB. Release Rod D. Rider/Mower Supports

A

BCD

NOTE: Perform mower removal and installation on ahard, level surface such as a concrete floor.

●● 50” Models

REMOVING THE MOWER DECK1. Swing the front wheels out.2. Place the mower height adjustment knob (A, Figure

15) in the lowest cutting position.3. Release tension on the drive belt using the Idler

Pulley Arm (E, Figure 15) and remove the drive belt.4. Disconnect the front hitch by pulling out on the

release rod (A, Figure 16) and lifting the mower hitch(C, Figure 16) off the rider hitch bracket (B, Figure 16).

5. Slide the mower deck forward. 6. Remove the safety clips (F, Figure 15) from the hitch

rod and leveling rod. 7. Remove the hitch rod and hitch (G, Figure 15) from

the mower deck.8. Slide the mower deck forward and out from under the

right side of the rider.

INSTALLING THE MOWER DECK1. Swing the front wheels out.2. Place the mower height adjustment knob (A, Figure 16)

in the lowest cutting position.3. Slide the mower deck under the right side of the rider,

and then back, making certain the mower supports(D, Figure 16) are properly located onto the rider sup-port plates (see D, Figure 15).

4. Attach the hitch to the mower using the hitch rod anda safety clip (F, Figure 16).

5. Reattach the leveling rod and secure with a safetyclip (F, Figure 16).

6. Attach the drive belt.7. Connect the mower hitch to the front rider hitch by

pulling out on the release rod (See Figure 15).

Figure 15. Mower Components (50” Deck Shown)A. Mower Cutting Height D. Mower Supports

Adjustment Knob E. Idler Pulley ArmB. Rear Gauge Wheel F. Safety ClipsC. Front Gauge Wheels G. Hitch

AD

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B

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F

Operating the Zero Turn Rider

WARNINGEngage parking brake, disengage PTO, stop engineand remove key before attempting to install orremove the mower.

1400

Operating the Zero Turn Rider

Figure 18. Cutting Height Adj. - 50” DecksA. Mower Height Adjustment KnobB. Gauge Wheels

A

ADJUSTING MOWER CUTTING HEIGHT

●● 38” & 44” Mower Decks (Later Models)The Mower Height Adjustment Lever (A, Figure 17a)controls the cutting height of the mower deck. Pull backon the lift lever and depress release button. Move thelever to the desired height and release the button.Moving the lever FORWARD decreases the cuttingheight, and BACK raises the cutting height.

The front gauge wheels are used only to help preventscalping. The front gauge wheels are not adjustable.

●● 38” & 44” Mower Decks (Early Models)The Mower Height Adjustment Lever (A, Figure 17b)controls the cutting height of the mower deck. Move thelever LEFT and then to the desired cutting height.Moving the lever FORWARD decreases the cuttingheight, and BACK raises the cutting height.

The front gauge wheels are used only to help preventscalping. The front gauge wheels are not adjustable.

●● 50” Mower DecksThe Mower Height Adjustment Knob (A, Figure 18) isused to set the cutting height of the mower deck.Turning the knob clockwise raises the cutting height.Turning the knob counter-clockwise lowers the cuttingheight.

The front gauge wheels are used only to help preventscalping. The front gauge wheels are not adjustable.

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Figure 17a. Mower Components (Later Models)A. Mower Height Adjustment LeverB. Front Gauge Wheels

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Figure 17b. Mower Components (Early Models)A. Mower Cutting Height Adjustment LeverB. Front Gauge Wheels

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15

Operating the Zero Turn Rider

WARNINGNever store the unit, with gasoline in engine orfuel tank, in a heated shelter or in enclosed,poorly ventilated enclosures. Gasoline fumes mayreach an open flame, spark or pilot light (such asa furnace, water heater, clothes dryer, etc.) andcause an explosion.

Handle gasoline carefully. It is highly flammableand careless use could result in serious firedamage to your person or property.

Drain fuel into an approved container outdoorsaway from open flame or sparks.

STORAGE

Temporary Storage (30 Days Or Less)Remember, the fuel tank will still contain some gasoline, sonever store the unit indoors or in any other area where fuelvapor could travel to any ignition source. Fuel vapor is alsotoxic if inhaled, so never store the unit in any structure usedfor human or animal habitation.

Here is a checklist of things to do when storing your unittemporarily or in between uses:

• Keep the unit in an area away from where children maycome into contact with it. If there’s any chance of unau-thorized use, remove the spark plug (s) and put in asafe place. Be sure the spark plug opening is protectedfrom foreign objects with a suitable cover.

• If the unit can’t be stored on a reasonable level surface,chock the wheels.

• Clean all grass and dirt from the mower.

Long Term Storage (Longer Than 30 Days)Before you store your unit for the off-season, read theMaintenance and Storage instructions in the Safety Rulessection, then perform the following steps:

1. Drain crankcase oil while engine is hot and refill with agrade of oil that will be required when unit is used again.

2. Prepare the mower deck for storage as follows:

a. Remove mower deck from the unit.

b. Clean underside of mower deck.

c. Coat all bare metal surfaces with paint or light coat ofoil to prevent rusting.

3. Clean external surfaces and engine.

4. Prepare engine for storage. See engine owner’s manual.

5. Clean any dirt or grass from cylinder head cooling fins,engine housing and air cleaner element.

6. Cover air cleaner and exhaust outlet tightly with plasticor other waterproof material to keep out moisture, dirtand insects.

7. Completely grease and oil unit as outlined in the NormalCare section.

8. Clean up unit and apply paint or rust preventative to anyareas where paint is chipped or damaged.

9. Be sure the battery is filled to the proper level with waterand is fully charged. Battery life will be increased if it isremoved, put in a cool, dry place and fully chargedabout once a month. If battery is left in unit, disconnectthe negative cable.

10. Drain fuel system completely or add Simplicity gasolinestabilizer to the fuel system. If you have chosen to use afuel stabilizer and have not drained the fuel system, fol-low all safety instructions and storage precautions in thismanual to prevent the possibility of fire from the ignitionof gasoline fumes. Remember, gasoline fumes can trav-el to distant sources of ignition and ignite, causing riskof explosion and fire.

NOTE: Gasoline, if permitted to stand unused for extendedperiods (30 days or more), may develop gummy depositswhich can adversely affect the engine carburetor and causeengine malfunction. To avoid this condition, add Simplicitygasoline stabilizer to the fuel tank and run the engine a fewminutes, or drain all fuel from the unit before placing it instorage.

STARTING AFTER LONG TERM STORAGEBefore starting the unit after it has been stored for a longperiod of time, perform the following steps.

1. Remove any blocks from under the unit.

2. Install the battery if it was removed.

3. Unplug the exhaust outlet and air cleaner.

4. Fill the fuel tank with fresh gasoline. See engine manual for recommendations.

5. See engine owner’s manual and follow all instructionsfor preparing engine after storage.

6. Check crankcase oil level and add proper oil if necessary. If any condensation has developed duringstorage, drain crankcase oil and refill.

7. Inflate tires to proper pressure. Check fluid levels.

8. Start the engine and let it run slowly. DO NOT run athigh speed immediately after starting. Be sure to runengine only outdoors or in well ventilated area.

1600

RegularMaintenance

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE & PROCEDURESThe following schedule should be followed for normal care of your rider and mower. You will need to keep a record ofyour operating time. Determining operating time is easily accomplished by multiplying the time it takes to do one jobby the number of times you’ve done the job, or you can install the optional hour meter.

Before Before Every Every Every SpringSAFETY ITEMS First Use Each Use 5 Hours 25 Hours 100 Hours & Fall

Check Safety Interlock System ● ●

Check Rider Brakes ● ●

Check Mower Blade Stopping Time ● ●

Before Before Every Every Every SpringNORMAL CARE ITEMS First Use Each Use 5 Hours 25 Hours 100 Hours & Fall

Check Rider/Mower for loose hardware ● ●

Check Engine Oil Level * ● ● ● ●

Check Engine Air Filter * ● ***●

Change Engine Oil & Filter *,** ***● Every 50 Hours ***●

Lubricate Rider & Mower ***●

Check Tire Pressure ● ***●

Check Transmission Fluid ● ***●

Check Fuel Filter ●

Clean Battery & Cables ●

Clean & Sharpen Mower Blades ●

Inspect/Replace Spark Plug * ●

* See the engine manufacturer's owner's manual.** Kohler Models: Change original engine oil after first 5 hours of operation.

Briggs & Stratton Models: Change original engine oil after first 8 hours of operation.*** More often in hot (over 85° F: 30° C) weather or dusty operating conditions.

Tire Pressure

Front 20 psi (138 kPa)

Rear 10 psi (69 kPa) Figure 19. Checking Tire Pressure

CHECK TIRE PRESSURESTire Pressure should be checked periodically, and main-tained at the levels shown in the chart. Note that thesepressures may differ slightly from the “Max Inflation”stamped on the side-wall of the tires. The pressuresshown provide proper traction, improve cut quality, andextend tire life.

1700

CHECKING / ADDING FUELRaise the seat deck and check the fuel tank to be surethere is enough fuel to complete the job. To add fuel:1. Remove the fuel cap (see A, Figure 15). 2. Fill the tank.

Do not overfill. Leave room in the tank for fuel expan-sion. Refer to your engine manual for specific fuelrecommendations.

3. Install and hand tighten the fuel cap.

FUEL FILTERThe fuel filter is located in the fuel line between fuel tankand carburetor (See Figure 20). If filter is dirty orclogged, replace as follows:1. Disconnect the negative battery cable.2. Place a container below the filter to catch spilled fuel.3. Using a pliers, open and slide hose clamps from fuel

filter.4. Remove hoses from filter.5. Install new filter in proper flow direction in fuel line.

6. Secure with hose clamps.

7. Reconnect the negative battery cable when finished.

OIL & FILTER CHANGERefer to engine owners manual.

CHECK / CHANGE AIR FILTERRefer to engine owners manual.

REPLACE SPARK PLUGRefer to engine owners manual.

CHECK TRANSMISSION OIL LEVELNOTE: Do not open the expansion chambers unless oilis being added.1. Lift up the seat deck to gain access to the engine

compartment.

2. Shine a flashlight on the expansion chambers (F,Figure 20) and observe the oil level. The oil levelshould be up to the FULL COLD line.

3. If necessary, open the expansion chamber and addSimplicity Multipurpose Hydro Oil. Make sure areaaround the chambers is free of dust, dirt, or otherdebris.

Figure 20. Engine Compartment (Typical)A. Fuel CapB. Fuel FilterC. BatteryD. Engine Air Filter - 14HP & 16HP ModelsE. Oil Fill/CheckF. Transmission Oil Expansion ChambersG. Engine Air Filter - 18HP Models (Front of Engine)

Regular Maintenance

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WARNINGGasoline is highly flammable and must behandled with care. Never fill the tank when theengine is still hot from recent operation. Do notallow open flame, smoking or matches in thearea. Avoid over-filling and wipe up any spills.

Do not remove fuel filter when engine is hot, asspilled gasoline may ignite. DO NOT spread hoseclamps further than necessary. Ensure clampsgrip hoses firmly over filter after installation.

Do not use gasoline containing METHANOL,gasohol containing more than 10% ethanol,gasoline additives, premium gasoline, orwhite gas because engine/fuel systemdamage could result.

1800

Regular Maintenance

Figure 23. Arbor Lubrication (44” Deck Shown)

Figure 21. Lubricating Rider

Figure 22. Mower Lubrication (44” Deck Shown)

LUBRICATIONLubricate the unit at the locations shown in Figures 21through 23 as well as the following lubrication points.

Grease:• front axle grease fittings• steering linkage• front wheel bushings• foot pedal• mower pivots• mower arbors

Use grease fittings when present. Disassemble partsto apply grease to moving parts when grease fittingsare not installed.

Not all greases are compatible. Simplicity LithiumGrease is recommended, automotive-type lithiumgrease may be used when this is not available.

Oil:• rear frame assembly pivot• hydro linkage • seat adjustment assembly• brake linkage • Frame pivot points• mower deck height adjustment linkage

Generally, all moving metal parts should be oiledwhere contact is made with other parts. Keep oil andgrease off belts and pulleys. Remember to wipe fit-tings and surfaces clean both before and after lubri-cation.

1900

BATTERY MAINTENANCE

Checking the Battery FluidNote: Does not apply to maintenance-free batteries.

1. Raise the seat deck to access battery.

2. Remove the battery filler cap (C, Figure 24). Fluidmust be even with the split ring full mark. If not, adddistilled water.

3. Reinstall the filler cap.

Cleaning the Battery and Cables1. Disconnect the cables from the battery, negative

cable first (B, Figure 24).

2. Remove the battery and clean the compartment witha solution of baking soda and water.

3. Clean the battery terminals and cable ends with awire brush until shiny.

4. Reinstall the battery and reattach the battery cables,positive cable first (see A, Figure 24)

5. Coat the cable ends and battery terminals with petro-leum jelly or non-conducting grease.

WARNINGBe careful when handling the battery. Avoidspilling electrolyte. Keep flames and sparks awayfrom the battery.

When removing or installing battery cables,disconnect the negative cable FIRST and reconnectit LAST. If not done in this order, the positiveterminal can be shorted to the frame by a tool.

Figure 24. Checking & Cleaning BatteryA. Positive Battery TerminalB. Negative Battery TerminalC. Battery Cap

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Regular Maintenance

2000

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TIGHTEN

SERVICING THE MOWER BLADES

1. Remove mower from the rider. See MowerInstallation & Removal.

2. Blades should be sharp and free of nicks and dents.If not, sharpen blades as described in following steps.

3. To remove blade for sharpening, use a wood block tohold blade while removing the blade mounting cap-screw (Figure 25).

4. Use a file to sharpen blade to fine edge. Remove allnicks and dents in blade edge. If blade is severelydamaged, it should be replaced.

5. Balance the blade as shown in Figure 26. Center theblade’s hole on a nail lubricated with a drop of oil. Abalanced blade will remain level.

6. Reinstall each blade with the tabs pointing up towarddeck as shown in Figure 27. Secure with a capscrew,spring washer and hex washer (be certain the hexwasher is aligned with the hex shaft). Use a woodenblock to prevent blade rotation and torque capscrewsto 45-55 ft.lbs. (61-75 N.m.).

Figure 27. Installing The BladeA. 4x4 Wood Block C. Spring WasherB. Hex Washer D. Blade Bolt

Figure 25. Removing the Blade

WARNINGFor your personal safety, do not handle the sharpmower blades with bare hands. Careless orimproper handling of blades may result in seriousinjury.

WARNINGFor your personal safety, blade mountingcapscrews must each be installed with a hexwasher and spring washer, then securelytightened. Torque blade mounting capscrew to 45-55 ft. lbs. (61-75 N.m.)

LOOSEN

Figure 26. Balancing The Blade

Nail

Regular Maintenance

2100

TroubleshootingAdjustments & Service

TROUBLESHOOTINGWhile normal care and regular maintenance will extendthe life of your equipment, prolonged or constant usemay eventually require that service be performed toallow it to continue operating properly.

The troubleshooting guide below lists the most commonproblems, their causes and remedies.

See the information on the following pages for instruc-tions on how to perform most of these minor adjustmentsand service repairs yourself. If you prefer, all of theseprocedures can be performed for you by your localauthorized dealer.

TROUBLESHOOTING THE RIDERPROBLEM CAUSE REMEDYEngine will not turnover or start. 1. Clutch/Brake pedal not depressed. 1. Depress pedal.

2. PTO (electric clutch) switch 2. Place in OFF position.in ON position.

3. Out of fuel. 3. If engine is hot, allow it to cool, then refill the fuel tank.

4. Engine flooded. 4. Move throttle control out of CHOKE position.5. Circuit breaker tripped. 5. Wait one minute for automatic reset.

Replace if defective.6. Battery terminals require 6. Clean the battery terminals

cleaning. 7. Battery discharged or dead. 7. Recharge or replace.8. Wiring loose or broken. 8. Visually check wiring & replace broken or

frayed wires. Tighten loose connections.9. Solenoid or starter motor faulty. 9. Repair or replace. See authorized service dealer 10. Safety interlock switch 10. Replace as needed. See authorized

faulty. service dealer.11. Spark plug(s) faulty, fouled 11. Clean and gap or replace.

or incorrectly gapped. See engine manual.12. Water in fuel. 12. Drain fuel & refill with fresh fuel.13. Gas is old or stale. 13. Drain fuel & replace with fresh fuel.

Engine starts hard or runs poorly. 1. Fuel mixture too rich. 1. Clean air filter. Check choke adjustment (throttle control).

2. Spark plug faulty, fouled, or 2. Clean and gap or replace. incorrectly gapped. (See engine manual.)

Engine knocks. 1. Low oil level. 1. Check/add oil as required.2. Using wrong grade oil. 2. See engine manual.

Excessive oil consumption. 1. Engine running too hot. 1. Clean engine fins, blower screen andair cleaner.

2. Using wrong weight oil. 2. See engine manual.3. Too much oil in crankcase. 3. Drain excess oil.

Engine exhaust is black. 1. Dirty air filter. 1. Replace air filter. See engine manual.2. Engine throttle control 2. Change throttle control position.

is in choke position.

WARNINGTo avoid serious injury, perform maintenance onthe tractor or mower only when the engine isstopped and the parking brake engaged.

Always remove the ignition key, disconnect thespark plug wire and fasten it away from the plugbefore beginning the maintenance, to preventaccidental starting of the engine.

2200

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

Rider Troubleshooting Continued.PROBLEM CAUSE REMEDYEngine runs, but rider will 1. Transmission release lever(s) 1. Move into drive position.not drive. in “push” position.

2. Belt is broken. 2. See Drive Belt Replacement.3. Drive belt slips. 3. See problem and cause below.4. Brake is not fully released. 4. See authorized service dealer

Rider drive belt slips. 1. Clutch is out of adjustment. 1. See authorized service dealer.2. Pulleys or belt greasy or oily. 2. Clean as required.3. Belt stretched or worn. 3. Replace belt.4. Idler pulley pivot bracket 4. Remove idler pulley, clean and lubricate.

“frozen” in declutched position.

Brake will not hold. 1. Brake is incorrectly adjusted. 1. See Brake Adjustment.2. Internal brake disc on 2. See authorized service dealer

transaxle worn.

Rider steers hard or 1. Steering linkage is loose. 1. Check and tighten any loose connections.handles poorly. 2. Improper tire inflation. 2. See Regular Maintenance Section.

3. Spindle bearings dry. 3. Grease spindles. See Lubrication Section

Drive belt does not stop when 1. Belt stops or belt tension 1. See authorized service dealer.clutch/brake pedal depressed. out of adjustment.

TROUBLESHOOTING THE MOWERPROBLEM CAUSE REMEDYMower will not raise. 1. Lift linkage not properly attached 1. See authorized service dealer for repair.

or damaged.

Mower cut is uneven. 1. Mower not leveled properly. 1. See Mower Adjustment.2. Rider tires not inflated 2. See Regular Maintenance Section.

equally or properly.

Mower cut is rough looking. 1. Engine speed too slow. 1. Set throttle to full.2. Ground speed too fast. 2. Decrease Ground Speed.3. Blades are dull. 3. Sharpen or replace blades.

See Mower Blade Service.4. Mower drive belt slipping 4. Clean or replace belt as necessary.

because it is oily or worn. 5. Blades not properly fastened 5. See Servicing the Mower Blades.

to arbors.

Engine stalls easily with 1. Engine speed too slow. 1. Set to full throttle.mower engaged. 2. Ground speed too fast. 2. Decrease Ground Speed.

3. Cutting height set too low. 3. Cut tall grass at maximum cuttingheight during first pass.

4. Discharge chute jamming 4. Cut grass with discharge pointing towardwith cut grass. previously cut area.

Excessive mower vibration. 1. Blade mounting screws 1. Tighten to 45-55 ft.lbs. (61-75 N.m.).are loose.

2. Mower blades, arbors, 2. Check and replace as necessary.or pulleys are bent.

3. Mower blades are out 3. Remove, sharpen, and balance blades.of balance. See Maintenance Section.

4. Belt installed incorrectly. 4. Reinstall Correctly.

Excessive belt wear or breakage. 1. Bent or rough pulleys. 1. Repair or replace.2. Using incorrect belt. 2. Replace with correct belt.

Mower drive belt slips 1. Idler pulley spring broken or not 1. Repair or replace as needed.or fails to drive. properly attached.

2. Mower drive belt broken. 2. Replace drive belt.

2300

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SEAT ADJUSTMENTThe seat can be adjusted forward and back. Move theSeat Adjustment Lever (A, Figure 28) to the LEFT, position the seat as desired, and then release the leverto lock the seat in position.

Figure 28. Seat AdjustmentA. Seat Adjustment Lever

Figure 30. Brake AdjustmentA. Brake RodB. Adjustment Nut

Figure 29. Top Speed Adjustment KnobsA. Left Drive WheelB. Right Drive Wheel

AWARNINGTo avoid serious injury, perform adjustments onlywith engine stopped, key removed and rider onlevel ground.

A B

TOP SPEED ADJUSTMENT KNOBSIf the rider veers to the right or left when the groundspeed control levers are in the maximum forward posi-tion, the top speed of each of these levers can be bal-anced (lowered) by turning the adjustment knobs (see A& B, Figure 29).

To reduce the speed of a transmission, turn its corre-sponding knob CLOCKWISE several turns to lower thetop speed of a wheel, and COUNTER-CLOCKWISE toincrease the top speed of a wheel which has been previ-ously lowered.

BRAKE ADJUSTMENT 1. Lift up the seat deck.

2. Release the parking brake and move the brake rodback and forth (A, Figure 30). The rod should haveapproximately 1/8” of back and forth travel.

3. Adjust the adjustment nut (B, Figure 30) until correcttravel is achieved.

4. Repeat on both sides.

A

B

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

MOWER ADJUSTMENTS

Leveling The MowerIf the cut is uneven, the mower may need leveling.Unequal or improper tire pressure may also cause anuneven cut. Tire pressure should be as follows:

• Front: 20 psi (138 kPa) • Rear: 10 psi (69 kPa)

Side to Side Leveling - All Models1. With the mower installed, place the rider on a

smooth, level surface such as a concrete floor. Turnthe front wheels straight forward.

2. Check for bent blades and replace if necessary.

3. Place the mower in high-cut position. Arrange themower blades so that they are pointing from side-to-side (Figure 31).

4. See Figure 32. Measure the distance between theoutside tips of each blade and the ground. If there ismore than 1/8" (3mm) difference between the mea-surements on each side, proceed to step 5. If the dif-ference is 1/8" (3mm) or less, proceed to Front TOBack Leveling.

5. See Figure 32. Loosen the outside nut (A) and tap-tite screw (C), then turn the eccentric nut (B) to raiseor lower the left side of the deck. When the mowerdeck is level, hold the eccentric nut while tighteningthe outside nut. Tighten the taptite screw (C).

2400

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

WARNINGBefore checking mower, shut off PTO and engine.Allow all moving parts to stop. Remove ignitionkey, then disconnect the spark plug wire andfasten it away from the spark plug.

Figure 31. Side-to-Side Leveling (38” Deck Shown)

Measurementshould bewithin 1/8"

Figure 32. Side-to-Side AdjustmentA. Outside Nut C. Taptite ScrewB. Eccentric Nut D. Ramp

B

C

D

A

2500

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

Front To Back Leveling - 50” ModelsTurn the blades front-to-back. Measure the distancefrom the ground to front tip of center blade, and fromground to rear tips of left hand and right hand blades.Front tips should be 1/8"-1/4" (3-6 mm) higher than reartips. For adjustment, refer to Figure 35.

1. To raise front of mower deck, loosen front nut (A, Figure35 inset) and turn rear nut (B) against bracket (C) toshorten rod(D).

2. To lower front of mower deck, loosen rear nut (B) andbracket (C) will move back to lengthen rod (D).

3. Recheck measurement before tightening front nut (A)against bracket.

Front To Back Leveling - 38” & 44” Models1. Arrange the blades so they face front-to-back (see

Figure 34).

2. See Figure 34. Measure the distance from the groundto the front and rear tips of each blade. The measure-ment should be equal for both blades.

38” Decks: Front tips should be equal to rear tips orwithin 1/8" higher. If not, proceed to step 3.

44” Decks: Front tips should be 1/8"-1/4" (3-6 mm)higher than rear tips. If not, proceed to step 3.

3. See Figure 33. Loosen the outside nut (A) and turnthe eccentric nut (B) to raise or lower the rear of thedeck. When the mower deck is level, hold the eccen-tric nut while tightening the outside nut.

NOTE-Early Models Only: If mower handle drops out ofcutting height quadrant, turn adjustment nut (C, Figure33) clockwise to increase spring tension. DO NOT tight-en nut all the way so that spring is solid.

Figure 33. Front-to-Back Adjustment NutA. Outside Nut C. Adjustment NutB. Eccentric Nut (Early Models Only)

BA

C

Figure 34. Front-to-Back Leveling (38” Deck Shown)

Measure Tipto Ground atFront andBack of BothBlades

Figure 35. Front-to-Back Leveling - 50” MowerA. Front Nut C. Mower BracketB. Rear Nut D. Adjustment Rod

D

CAB

2600

FRONT

Figure 36. 38” Mower Belt RoutingA. Engine PTO Pulley D. Left Arbor Pulley B. Right Arbor Pulley E. Idler Pulley Arm C. Idler Pulley

BLADE BRAKE CHECKMower blades and mower drive belt should come to acomplete stop within five seconds after electric PTOswitch is turned off. 1. With rider in neutral, PTO disengaged and operator in

seat, start the engine.2. Look over the left-hand footrest at the mower drive

belt. Engage the PTO and wait several seconds.Disengage the PTO and check the amount of time ittakes for the mower drive belt to stop.

3. If mower drive belt does not stop within five seconds,see your dealer.

MOWER BELT REPLACEMENT

38” Mower Drive Belt Replacement1. Park the rider on a level surface. Disengage the PTO,

turn off the engine and set the parking brake.Remove the key.

2. Remove the mower deck from the rider. (See MowerInstallation & Removal procedure in the Operationsection of this manual.)

3. Loosen the idler pulley and arbor belt guides, andremove the belt.

4. Install the new belt as shown in Figure 36.5. Tighten the idler pulley and arbor belt guides.6. Reinstall the mower. See Mower Installation &

Removal

44” & 50” Mower PTO Belt Replacement1. Park the rider on a level surface. Disengage the PTO,

turn off the engine and set the parking brake.Remove the key.

2. Release belt tension and remove the PTO belt (F,Figure 37) from the PTO pulley (G).

3. Remove the belt from the remaining deck pulleys.Note: It is not necessary to remove the mower deck.

4. Install the new belt (F) as shown in Figure 37.

44” & 50” Arbor Drive Belt Replacement1. Park the rider on a level surface. Disengage the PTO,

turn off the engine and set the parking brake.Remove the key.

2. Remove the mower deck from the rider. (See MowerInstallation & Removal procedure in the Operationsection of this manual.)

3. Remove the PTO belt (F, Figure 37).4. Remove the right-side belt cover.

To avoid damaging belts, DO NOT PRYBELTS OVER PULLEYS.

A

B

C

D

E

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

FRONT

GFA

E

KJI

H

B

D

C

Figure 37. 44” Mower & Mower PTO Belt RoutingA. Arbor Drive Belt G. Engine PTO Pulley B. Right Arbor Pulley H. Mower Drive PulleyC. Arbor Idler Pulley I. Mower Idler PulleyD. Center Arbor Pulley J. Backside Idler PulleyE. Left Arbor Pulley K. Idler Pulley ArmF. PTO Belt

5. Remove the left side belt cover.6. Use a spring puller or small rope loop to release the

arbor drive belt idler pulley arm (C).7. Loosen the idler pulley bolt.8. Remove the PTO belt idler arm spring.9. Remove and replace the old belt (A).10. Reinstall:

• Idler pulley• PTO belt idler spring• Arbor drive belt idler arm spring• Left and right side belt covers• PTO belt• Mower deck

2700

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

RIDER DRIVE BELT REPLACEMENT

1. Park the rider on a level surface. Disengage the PTO,turn off the engine and set the parking brake, thenremove the key.

2. Remove the mower deck from the rider. See MowerInstallation & Removal.

18HP Models Only:3. Support the outer rear weights (C, Figure 38) and

remove the capscrews (B). Remove the weights.All Models:4. Support rear weights (A, Figure 38) with a floor jack.5. Remove the capscrew (B, Figure 38) from one of the

weights. Lower the jack and remove the weight.Repeat with the other weight.

6. Unplug the wiring harness from the PTO clutch (A,Figure 39). Remove the PTO clutch as shown inFigure 39.

7. Remove the drive belt by sliding the belt between thepulley and the belt guides. Carefully slide the beltover the transmission pulleys.

8. Remove the old belt and install a new belt as shownin Figure 40.

9. Reinstall the PTO clutch. Torque the PTO clutchcapscrew (D, Figure 39) to 45-50 ft. lbs.

10. Release the parking brake and adjust the belt guidespictured in Figure 41 (belt guide clearance points areindicated with arrows). There should be 1/16”-1/8”between the belt and the belt guides.

Figure 40. Drive Belt RoutingA. Engine Pulley C. Transmission PulleysB. Idler Pulley

Figure 38. Rear Weight RemovalA. Outer Rear Weights C. Outer Weights (18HP)B. Capscrews D. Spacer (18HP)

A

B

Figure 39. PTO (Electric Clutch) AssemblyA. PTO Clutch C. LockwasherB. Hex Washer D. Capscrew

A

A

B

B

C

D

C

To avoid damaging belts, DO NOT PRYBELTS OVER PULLEYS.

Torque to 45-50 ft. lbs.

Figure 41. Drive Belt Guide Positions

Transmission Carrier Viewed From Above

Belt Guides Markedwith Arrows Must beAdjusted to within1/16”-1/8” of Belt

D

B

C

OUTER Weights — 18HP ModelsRear Weights — ALL Models

28

BATTERY SERVICE

Checking Battery VoltageA voltmeter can be used to determine condition of bat-tery. When engine is off, the voltmeter shows batteryvoltage, which should be 12 volts. When engine is run-ning, the voltmeter shows voltage of charging circuitwhich normally is 13 to 14 volts.

A dead battery or one too weak to start the engine maynot mean the battery needs to be replaced. For example,it may mean that the alternator is not charging the bat-tery properly. If there is any doubt about the cause of theproblem, see your dealer. If you need to replace the bat-tery, follow the steps under Cleaning the Battery &Cables in the Regular Maintenance Section.

CHARGING A COMPLETELYDISCHARGED BATTERY1. Be aware of all the safety precautions you should

observe during the charging operation. If you areunfamiliar with the use of a battery charger andhydrometer, have the battery serviced by your dealer.

2. Add distilled water sufficient to cover the plate (fill tothe proper level near the end of the charge). If thebattery is extremely cold, allow it to warm beforeadding water because the water level will rise as itwarms. Also, an extremely cold battery will not accepta normal charge until it becomes warm.

3. Always unplug or turn the charger off before attach-ing or removing the clamp connections.

4. Carefully attach the clamps to the battery in properpolarity (usually red to [+] positive and black to [-]negative).

5. While charging, periodically measure the temperatureof the electrolyte. If the temperature exceeds 125° F(51.6° C), or if violent gassing or spewing of elec-trolyte occurs, the charging rate must be reduced ortemporarily halted to prevent battery damage.

WARNINGKeep open flames and sparks away from thebattery; the gasses coming from it are highlyexplosive. Ventilate the battery well duringcharging.

WARNINGDo not attempt to charge a frozen battery. Allowthe battery to warm to 60° F (15.5° C) beforeplacing on charger.

6. Charge the battery until fully charged (until the specif-ic gravity of the electrolyte is 1.250 or higher and theelectrolyte temperature is at least 60° F). The bestmethod of making certain a battery is fully charged,but not over charged, is to measure the specific grav-ity of a cell once per hour. The battery is fully chargedwhen the cells are gassing freely at low charging rateand less than 0.003 change in specific gravity occursover a three hour period.

JUMP STARTING WITH AUXILIARY(BOOSTER) BATTERYJump starting is not recommended. However, if it mustbe done, follow these directions. Both booster and dis-charged batteries should be treated carefully when usingjumper cables. Follow the steps below EXACTLY, beingcareful not to cause sparks. Refer to Figure 42 .

1. Both batteries must be of the same voltage.

2. Position the vehicle with the booster battery adjacentto the vehicle with the discharged battery so thatbooster cables can be connected easily to the batter-ies in both vehicles. Make certain vehicles do nottouch each other.

3. Wear safety glasses and shield eyes and face frombatteries at all times. Be sure vent caps are tight.Place damp cloth over vent caps on both batteries.

4. Connect positive (+) cable to positive post of dis-charged battery (wired to starter or solenoid).

5. Connect the other end of same cable to same postmarked positive (+) on booster battery.

6. Connect the second cable negative (-) to other postof booster battery.

7. Make final connection on engine block of stalled vehi-cle away from battery. Do not lean over batteries.

8. Start the engine of the vehicle with the booster bat-tery. Wait a few minutes, then attempt to start theengine of the vehicle with the discharged battery.

9. If the vehicle does not start after cranking for thirtyseconds, STOP PROCEDURE. More than thirty sec-onds seldom starts the engine unless some mechani-cal adjustment is made.

10. After starting, allow the engine to return to idle speed.Remove the cable connection at the engine or frame.Then remove the other end of the same cable fromthe booster battery.

11. Remove the other cable by disconnecting at the dis-charged battery first and then disconnect the oppo-site end from the booster battery.

12. Discard the damp cloths that were placed over thebattery vent caps.

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

29

WARNINGAny procedure other than the preceding couldresult in:

(1) personal injury caused by electrolytesquirting out the battery vents,

(2) personal injury or property damage due tobattery explosion,

(3) damage to the charging system of thebooster vehicle or of the immobilizedvehicle.

Do not attempt to jump start a vehicle having afrozen battery because the battery may rupture orexplode. If a frozen battery is suspected, examineall fill vents on the battery. If ice can be seen or ifthe electrolyte fluid cannot be seen, do notattempt to start with jumper cables as long as thebattery remains frozen.

WARNINGFor your personal safety, use extreme care whenjump starting. Never expose battery to open flameor electric spark – battery action generateshydrogen gas which is flammable and explosive.Do not allow battery acid to contact skin, eyes,fabrics, or painted surfaces. Batteries contain asulfuric acid solution which can cause seriouspersonal injury or property damage.

When removing or installing battery cables, dis-connect the negative cable FIRST and reconnectit LAST. If not done in this order, the positive ter-minal can be shorted to the frame by a tool.

To avoid engine damage, do not disconnect bat-tery while engine is running. Be sure terminalconnections are tight before starting.

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

To StarterSwitch

StartingVehicleBattery

To Ground

To Starter Switch

DischargedVehicle Battery

EngineBlock

THIS HOOK-UP FOR NEGATIVE GROUND VEHICLES

MAKE CERTAIN VEHICLES DO NOT TOUCH

Jumper Cable

Jumper Cable

Figure 42. Battery Jump Starting Diagram

3000

SpecificationsENGINES:18 HP Briggs & StrattonMake Briggs & StrattonModel Vanguard V-TwinHorsepower 18 HP @ 3600 rpmCylinders 2Bore 3.03 In. (77 mm)Stroke 2.64 In. (67 mm)Displacement 38 Cu. In. (624 cc)Construction Cast Iron Sleeves,

Aluminum CrankcaseElectrical 12 Volt, 15 Amp Alternator Regulated System Battery: 200 Cold Cranking Amps, 23 min.

Reserve Capacity, Industrial Rated Starter Motor

Ignition Magnetron Electronic IgnitionAir Cleaner Replaceable Paper with Oiled Foam

PrecleanerLubrication Full Pressure Lube with Oil FilterOil Capacity 2 Quarts (1.9 L)Fuel Tank Material: Non-Corrosive Polyethylene

Fuel Tank Gauge Built Into Filler Cap Capacity: 2.0 Gallons (7.5 L)

Muffler Quiet Compact, Low Back Pressure

16 HP Kohler Command™Make/Model Kohler Command™ CV16SHorsepower 16 HP @ 3600 rpmCylinders/Type Single Cylinder, 4 cycle, air cooledBore 3.55 in (90 mm)Stroke 2.64 in (67 mm)Displacement 26.0 Cu. in (426 cc)Construction Overhead Valve, Cast-Iron Sleeve,

Aluminum Crankcase, Hydraulic Valve LiftersElectrical System 12 Volt, 15 amp output Alternator Regulated

Battery: 200 Cold Cranking Amps, 23 min. Reserve Capacity

Ignition High Energy Electronic IgnitionAir Cleaner Ducted Paper Cartridge & Foam Pre-CleanerLubrication Full Pressure Lube w/Oil FilterOil Capacity 4.0 Pints w/Filter (1.9 L)Fuel Tank High-Density Transparent Polyethylene

Capacity: 2.0 Gallons (7.5 L)Muffler Quiet Compact, Low Back Pressure

Make/Model Kohler Command™ 460Horsepower 16 HP @ 3600 rpmCylinders/Type Single Cylinder, 4 cycle, air cooledBore 3.42 in (87 mm)Stroke 3.03 in (77 mm)Displacement 27.9 Cu. in (460 cc)Construction Overhead Valve, Cast-Iron Sleeve,

Aluminum CrankcaseElectrical System 12 Volt, 15 amp output Alternator Regulated

Battery: 200 Cold Cranking Amps, 23 min. Reserve Capacity

Ignition High Energy Electronic IgnitionAir Cleaner Ducted Paper Cartridge & Foam Pre-CleanerLubrication Full Pressure LubeOil Capacity 4.0 Pints w/Filter (1.9 L)Fuel Tank High-Density Transparent Polyethylene

Capacity: 2.0 Gallons (7.5 L)Muffler Quiet Compact, Low Back Pressure

14 HP Kohler Command™Make/Model Kohler Command™ CV14SHorsepower 14 HP @ 3600 rpmCylinders/Type Single Cylinder, 4 cycle, air cooledBore 3.43 in (87 mm)Stroke 2.64 in (67 mm)Displacement 24.3 Cu. in (398 cc)Construction Overhead Valve, Cast-Iron Sleeve,

Aluminum Crankcase, Hydraulic Valve LiftersElectrical System 12 Volt, 15 amp output Alternator Regulated

Battery: 200 Cold Cranking Amps, 23 min. 23 Min. Reserve Capacity

Ignition High Energy Electronic IgnitionAir Cleaner Ducted Paper Cartridge & Foam Pre-CleanerLubrication Full Pressure Lube w/Oil FilterOil Capacity 4 Pints w/Filter (1.9 L)Fuel Tank High-Density Transparent Polyethylene

Capacity: 2.0 Gallons (7.5 L)Muffler Quiet Compact, Low Back Pressure

CHASSIS:Frame Heavy 14 Gauge, Deep Drawn SteelSeat Deck Lightweight Polymer AlloySeat High Back, Molded Type w/Foam Cushion

and Quick AdjustFootrests Full Length, Deep WellFront Wheels: Type — Pneumatic Tubeless

Tread — Straight TreadSize — 13 x 5.0 - 6Inflation Pressure — 20 psi (138 kPa)

Rear Wheels: Type — Pneumatic TubelessTread — Turf PatternSize — 18 x 8.5 - 8 (14HP & 16HP Models)

18 x 9.5 - 8 (18HP Models)Inflation Pressure — 10 psi (69 kPa)

TRANSMISSION:Type Dual Eaton 778 Series Hydrostatic

TransmissionsControl Twin Hand Control LeversHydraulic Fluid Simplicity Multipurpose Oil Speeds @ 3400 rpm Forward: 0-5.5 MPH (8.9 km/h)

Reverse: 0-3.9 MPH (6.3 km/h)Axle Shaft TaperedTorque Output 160 ft. lbs. (Continuous)Maximum Weight 400 lbs. (on Axle)

CONTROLS:Steering Zero-Turn Ground Speed Control Levers

with independent transmissionsClutch/Brake Combination Clutch/Brake pedal with

Parking Brake Lock (Foot/Hand Activated)PTO Clutch Electric PTO Switch control on Seat DeckIgnition Switch Three position Key Switch on Seat DeckThrottle Control Lever on Seat DeckChoke Control Pull knob on Seat Deck

3100

DIMENSIONS14HP Rider w/ 38” DeckHeight 43.5 in (110.5 cm)Rider Width 41 in (104 cm)Length 61.5 in (156 cm)Wheel Base 43.75 in (111 cm)Net Weight 581 lbs. (264 kg)

16HP Rider w/ 44” DeckHeight 43.5 in (110.5 cm)Rider Width 41 in (104 cm)Length 61.5 in (156 cm)Wheel Base 43.75 in (111 cm)Net Weight 620 lbs. (281 kg)

18HP Rider w/ 50” DeckHeight 43.5 in (110.5 cm)Rider Width 41 in (104 cm)Length 61.5 in (156 cm)Wheel Base 43.75 in (111 cm)Net Weight 686 lbs. (311 kg)

MOWER:50” Mower DeckThickness 12 Ga.Effective Cut Width 50 in (127 cm)Overall Width With Deflector — 62 in (157.5 cm)Weight 135 lbs. (61.4 kg)Cutting Height Variable Between 1-3.6 in. (2.5-9.1 cm)Cutting Width 50” in (127 cm)Blade Arrangement Three Staggered BladesMower Drive V-Belt from Rider PTO Electric ClutchSpindle Bearings Sealed Ball Bearings - Lube Fitting Provided

44” Mower DeckThickness 12 Ga.Effective Cut Width 44 in Mower - 44 in (111.8 cm)Overall Width With Deflector — 56 in (142.2 cm)

With Turbo — 58in (147 cm)Weight 107 lbs. (49 kg)Cutting Height Variable Between 1.25—4 in. (3.2—10.2 cm)Cutting Width 44” in (112 cm)Blade Arrangement Three Staggered BladesMower Drive V-Belt from Rider PTO Electric ClutchSpindle Bearings Sealed Ball Bearings - Lube Fitting Provided

38” MowerThickness 12 Ga.Effective Cut Width 38 in Mower - 38 in (97 cm)Overall Width With Deflector — 49.5 in (126 cm)

With Turbo — 51.5 in (131 cm)Weight 81 lbs. (36.7 kg)Cutting Height Variable Between 1.25—4 in. (3.2—10.2 cm)Cutting Width 38” in (97 cm)Blade Arrangement Two Staggered BladesMower Drive Clutch V-Belt from Rider Engine PTO ElectricSpindle Bearings Sealed Ball Bearings - Lube Fitting Provided

Specifications

3200

Parts & Accessories

Replacement PartsRider Drive Belt 171938150” Mower PTO Belt 170774050” Mower Arbor Drive Belt 170383650” Mower Blade 170822944” Mower PTO Belt 171354944” Mower Arbor Drive Belt 16703144” Mower Blades 170410038” Mower Drive Belt 10820938” Mower Blade - RH 170410138” Mower Blade - LH 1704856Fuel Filter 173206Battery 1685215Ignition Key 1717163Switch - PTO 1713487Interlock Switch - Seat 1714771Interlock Switch - Foot pedal 1717050

Optional AccessoriesClean Sweep™ Twin Catcher Collection SystemTurbo Blower AttachmentsWide Body Cart Collection SystemQuad Bagger Cart Collection SystemHeadlight KitMulching Kits

Maintenance ItemsEngine Oil

SAE 5W-30 SF/CD (Cold Weather 30° & under) 1685576SAE 30W SG/CC (Warm weather 32° & up) 1685659

Touch-Up PaintDeep Orange, 13 oz. spray can 1685611Deep Orange, 1 quart can 1685612Deep Orange, 1/2 oz. bottle w/brush cap 1685615Solar Black, 13 oz. spray can 1686779Solar Black, 1 quart can 1686781Gloss Black, 13 oz. spray can 1685639Gloss Black, 1 quart can 1685641Metallic Grey, 13 oz. spray can 1685718Charcoal Grey, 13 oz. spray can 1685787Red, 13 oz. spray can 1685722

Grease Gun Kit w/8 oz. Grease Tube 1685510Replacement 8 oz. Grease Tube for above 103077

Tire Sealant11 oz. Tube 1685523

Degrimer/Degreaser32 oz. Bottle w/Trigger Spray 16856191 gallon 1685621

Gas Stabilizer8 oz. Bottle 1685748Case of 12 - 8 oz. Bottles 1685747

Lawn Care& Mowing Information

TYPES OF GRASS, CLIMATE ANDCONDITIONSA variety of grasses are commonly grown in householdlawns, but two main groups known as cool-seasongrasses (varieties of bluegrass, ryegrass, and fescue),and warm-season grasses (typically bermuda, buffalo-grass, and zoysia varieties) are the most common.

The cool-season grasses are better suited to cooler cli-mates, and do not endure hot and dry weather as well aswarm-season grasses, but conversely, the warm-seasongrasses do not grow as well in cooler climates. Most resi-dential lawns are typically seeded with a mixture of thesegrasses. (A local nursery or lawn center may help you toidentify what kind of grass your lawn contains from asample.)

Knowing your climate and conditions is also important toproper lawn care. Drier climates or conditions will requireadditional watering, while wetter climates may requiremore frequent mowing.

HOW AND WHEN TO WATER,FERTILIZE & AERATEEvery lawn’s watering needs are unique and are depen-dent upon the type of grass and soil, the amount of localrainfall, and other conditions. Most lawns are wateredtoo often, but with too little water. However too muchwater can allow development of diseases with your lawn.It is best to water the lawn only when necessary, andthen to water it slowly, evenly, and deeply—imitatinga slow, soaking rain.

WHEN TO WATER YOUR LAWN

When the lawn begins to wilt, the grass’s color dulls, orfootprints stay compressed for more than a few seconds,the lawn is beginning to dry out, and needs additionalmoisture. The best time to water is early morning to allowthe water to soak deeply into the lawn and reduce theamount that evaporates in the hot afternoon sun.

LC—1

HOW TO WATER YOUR LAWN

The best method of watering a lawn is to imitate a slow,soaking rain, applying about 1 inch of water. A methodof verifying the amount that you have watered, is to placeseveral empty tin cans (low shallow cans work best) invarious spots around the lawn, and check the depth ofwater in the can during the watering process.

HOW TO FERTILIZE YOUR LAWN

Fertilizing with a slow-release fertilizer provides missingnutrients which help create slow, even growth. Whileopinions vary on the need for fertilizing, when and howmuch to fertilize will be more a factor of the condition ofthe lawn and soil than any routine. Remember that over-fertilizing can cause harm, and that most fertilizingshould be applied in the spring so that it will release intothe lawn through the summer. For more information,check with a local nursery or lawn care specialist, andread and follow the fertilizer manufacturer’s instructions.

AERATING YOUR LAWN

Consider aerating your lawn in spring. Using an aeratorto remove cores of soil from the lawn increases thespeed of clipping decomposition and encourages deeperroot growth by opening up the soil and permitting greatermovement of water, fertilizer and air.

GENERAL INFORMATIONProper mowing is an important part of maintaining yourlawn in the best possible condition. A healthy and wellmaintained lawn is better able to resist drought, weeds,and other stresses. But too much maintenance is asdetrimental to your lawn as neglect. Proper care for yourlawn involves more than just “cutting the grass.” To havea healthy lawn, you need to know:

✘ Types of Grass, Climate and Conditions

✘ How and When to Water, Fertilize & Aerate

✘ How High to Mow the Grass

✘ When and How Often to Mow

✘ What Mowing Patterns to Use

✘ Proper Mowing Methods

✘ How to Solve Common Mowing Problems

TP 600-2136-01-UV-SMA

HOW HIGH TOMOW THE GRASSOften cutting height is amatter of personal prefer-ence. Typically, you shouldmow the grass when it is isbetween three and fiveinches high. The propercutting height range for aspecific lawn will dependupon several factors,including the type of grass,the amount of rainfall, theprevailing temperature, andthe lawn’s overall condition.

Cutting the grass too shortcauses weak, thin grassplants, which are easilydamaged by dry periodsand pests. Cutting too shortis often more damagingthan allowing the grass to be slightly higher.

Letting grass grow a bit longer—especially when it is hot anddry—reduces heat build-up, preserves needed moisture andprotects the grass from heat damage and other problems.However, allowing grass to grow too high can cause thin turfand additional problems.

Cutting off too much at one time shocks the plant’s growthsystem and weakens the grass plants. A good rule ofthumb is the 1/3 rule: to cut no more than one third ofthe grass height, and never more than 1 inch at a time.

The amount of grass you are able to cut in one pass is alsoeffected by the type of mowing system you are using (forexample, broadcasting with side discharge decks canprocess a much larger volume of grass than mulching does).

NOTE: We cover some specific mowing instructions formulching and broadcasting later in this Lawn Care section.

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

Proper Cutting Height

CutHere OnSecondPass

Cut Here OnFirst Pass

Optimal cutting pointat less than 1/3 from topof grass blade

LC—2

Tall Grass Requires Incremental CuttingFor extremely tall grass, set the cutting height at maxi-mum for the first pass, and then reset it to the desiredheight and mow a second or third time.

Don’t cover the grass surface with a heavy layer ofclippings. Consider using a grass collection systemand starting a compost pile.

Cutting down to thisarea contributes tothatch problems

Cut less than

1/3

1 inch

1/3

LC—3

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

Where possible, make one or two passes around theoutside of the area discharging the grass INTO the lawnto keep the cut grass off fences and walks.

WHEN AND HOW OFTEN TO MOWThe time of day and condition of the grass greatly affectthe results you’ll get when mowing. For the best results,follow these guidelines:● Mow when the grass is between three and five inches

high.

● Mow with sharp blades. Short clippings of grass oneinch or shorter decompose more quickly than longerblades. Sharp mower blades cut grass cleanly andefficiently, preventing frayed edges which harm thegrass.

● Mow at time of day when the grass is cool and dry.Late afternoon or early evening often provide theseideal mowing conditions.

● Avoid mowing after rain or even heavy dew, andnever mulch when the grass is wet (moist grass doesnot mulch well, and clumps beneath the mowerdeck).

WHAT MOWING PATTERNS TO USEAlways start mowing on a smooth, level area.

The size and type of area to be mowed will determinethe best mowing pattern to use. Obstructions such astrees, fences and buildings, and conditions such asslopes and grades must also be considered. ● Cut long straight strips overlapping slightly.

● Where possible, change patterns occasionally toeliminate matting, graining or a corrugated appear-ance.

● For a truly professional cut, mow across the lawn inone direction, then recut the lawn by mowing perpen-dicular to the previous cut.

The remainder of the mowing should be done in theopposite direction so that the clippings are dispersedOUT onto the area of lawn previously cut.

Note: Always operate the engine at full throttle whenmowing.

If you hear the engine slowing down, you are mowing toofast—using a slower ground speed will improve the cut-ting efficiency of the blades and prevents many commoncutting problems. Use an appropriate ground speed forthe thickness and height of the grass you are cutting (3rdgear or slower for manual gear models). If you hear theengine slowing down you are mowing too fast, use aslower ground speed.

LC—4

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

MOWING METHODS

Proper Broadcast MowingBroadcasting, or side-discharging, disperses fine clip-pings evenly over the entire lawn. Many golf courses usethis method. Your mower has a deep dish deck to allowfreer circulation of clippings so they are broadcast evenlyover the lawn.

ENGINE SPEED & GROUND SPEED FOR BROADCASTING

Always operate the engine at full throttle when mowing.If you hear the engine slowing down, you are mowing toofast—using a slower ground speed will improve the cut-ting efficiency of the blades and prevents many commoncutting problems.

ALWAYS use an appropriate ground speed for the thick-ness and height of the grass you are cutting (3rd gear orslower for manual gear models). If you hear the engine

slowing down you are mowing too fast, use a slowerground speed.

HOW MUCH GRASS TO CUT OFF WHEN BROADCASTING

Mow when the grass is 3-5 inches long. Do not cut thegrass shorter than 2 to 2-1/2 inches. Do not cut off morethat 1 inch of grass in a single pass.

Leaf Shredder KitPart No. 1686609(Contains 8 shredders)

Proper MulchingMulching consists of a mowerdeck which cuts and recuts clip-pings into tiny particles andwhich then blows them downINTO the lawn. These tiny parti-cles decompose rapidly into by-products your lawn can use.UNDER PROPER CONDI-TIONS, your mulching mower will virtually eliminatenoticeable clippings on the lawn surface.

NOTE: When mulching under heavy cutting conditions, arumbling sound may be present and is normal.

MULCHING REQUIRES EXCELLENT MOWINGCONDITIONS

Mulching mowers cannot function properly if the grass iswet, or if the grass is simply to high to cut. Even morethan normal mowing, mulching requires that the grass bedry and the the appropriate amount is cut.

Do not use the mower as a mulching mower during thefirst two or three mowings in the spring. The long grassblades, quick growth, and often wetter conditions aremore suitable for broadcasting (side-discharging) orgrass bagging operation.

ENGINE SPEED & GROUND SPEED FOR BROADCASTING

Use full engine throttle matched with a slow groundspeed so that clippings will be finely cut. Ground speedwhile mulching should be HALF of the speed that wouldbe used when broadcasting (side discharging) undersimilar conditions. Since mulching requires more horse-power than broadcasting, using a slower ground speed isvitally important for proper mulching operation.

HOW MUCH GRASS TO MULCH

The best mulching action typical-ly results from cutting only thetop 1/2 inch to 3/4 inch of grassblade. This provides short clip-pings which decompose properly(much more quickly than longerclippings). The ideal cutting

height will vary with climate, time of year, and quality ofyour lawn. We recommend that you experiment with boththe cutting height and ground speed until you achievethe best cut. Start with a high cutting height and usingprogressively lower settings until you find a cutting heightthat is matched to your mowing conditions and prefer-ences.

LEAF SHREDDING (USE WITH OPTIONAL MULCHER KIT)

Simplicity’s patented Shredder Blades virtually eliminateraking leaves. Up to 512 cutting edges pulverize leavesinto tiny particles, which quickly and naturally decom-pose into food for your lawn. The Shredder Blades mustbe removed when you mulch grass clippings.

Mulching Action

LC—5

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

TIPS On Dealing With Clippings

Clippings are beneficial to your lawn. A common mis-conception about clippings is that they automaticallylead to thatch—this is untrue. Short clippings producedby broadcasting and clippings produced by mulchingmethods actually contribute to a healthy lawnbecause they:

✘ Reduce the evaporation of water from your lawn.

✘ Provide a cushioning layer to reduce lawn wear.

✘ Moderate soil temperature.

✘ Clippings act as a safe, non-polluting and inexpen-sive fertilizer that nourishes your lawn. Fresh cutgrass blades are 85% water, and are a rich sourceof nitrogen which is essential to lush growth. Andone garbage bag of clippings contains about 1/4 lb.of usable organic nitrogen.

COMPOSTING The best way to recycle excess clippings and leave yourlawn looking immaculate is to collect them with an effi-cient collection system and deposit them in a compostpile. A compost pile is a collection of grass, leaves, andother organic wastes which—when properly tended—decompose into an odorless, topsoil material. Thismaterial, in turn, acts as an inexpensive fertilizer for yourlawn and garden.

How to start a healthy compost pile:1 Build a bin using bricks, fencing, cement blocks, etc. or pur-

chase a prefabricated bin from a garden store. The binshould also have venting on each side and from the bottomto the top.

2 Fill the bin with alternating layers of yard waste. Follow thisrecipe:

First layer: 3-4 inches of chopped brush or other coarsematerial.

Second layer: 6-8 inches of mixed leaves, grass clippings,sawdust, etc. Materials should be "sponge damp."

Third layer: 1 inch of soil to add micro-organisms that helpbreak down organic matter.

Fourth layer: 1-2 inches of manure to provide the nitrogenneeded by micro-organisms.

Keep adding layers until the bin is almost full. Top off witha 4-6 inch layer of straw and scoop out a "basin" to catchrain water.

3 Four or five days later the pile will reach temperatures of140-160 degrees. At this time you'll notice it settling, agood sign your compost is working properly.

4 After 5-6 weeks, fork materials into a new pile, turning theoutside of the old heap into the center of the new one. Addwater if necessary. The compost should be ready to usewithin three to four months when dark brown, crumbly, andearthy-smelling.

LC—6

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

Stepped CuttingStepped cutting is sharp ridges or uneven levels left inthe lawn surface. Stepped cutting is usually caused bymower deck damage or misadjustment, or damage tomower blades.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Deck is not leveled correctly Level the deck correctlyTires are not properly inflated Check and inflate the tiresBlades are damaged Replace the bladesDeck shell is damaged Repair or replace the deckMower spindle is bent or loose Repair or replace the spindleBlades are installed incorrectly Reinstall the blades correctly

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Stepped Cutting

StreakingStreakingStreaking is when thin strips of uncut grass are leftbehind the mower. Streaking is usually caused byoperator error or poor blade maintenance.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Blades are not sharp Sharpen your bladesBlades are worn down too far Replace your bladesEngine speed is too slow Always mow at full throttleGround speed is too fast Slow downDeck is plugged with grass Clean out the mowerNot overlapping cutting rows enough Overlap your cutting rowsNot overlapping enough when turning When turning your effective cutting width

decreases–overlap more when turning

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SOLUTIONS FOR COMMON MOWING PROBLEMS

LC—7

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

StingersStingers are sparse patches of uncut grass left behindthe mower. Stingers are usually caused by operatorerror or poor blade maintenance.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Blades are not sharp or are nicked Sharpen your bladesBlades are worn down too far Replace your bladesEngine speed is too slow Always mow at full throttleGround speed is too fast Slow down Deck is plugged with grass Clean out the mower

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Uneven CuttingUneven cutting is waviness or smooth troughs in thelawn surface. Uneven cutting is usually caused bymower deck damage or misadjustment.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Deck is not leveled correctly Level the deck correctlyBlades are dull or worn Sharpen or replace the bladesBlades are damaged Replace the bladesDeck is clogged with grass clippings Clean out the deckDeck shell is damaged Repair or replace the deckMower spindle is bent or loose Repair or replace the spindleBlades are installed incorrectly Reinstall the blades correctly

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ScalpingScalping is when the mower deck comes close to or hitsthe ground. Scalping can be caused by the mower deckmisadjustment, unevenness in the lawn, or by mowerdeck bouncing because the ground speed is too fast.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Lawn is uneven or bumpy Roll or level the lawnMower deck cutting height is set too low Raise the cutting heightGround speed is too fast Slow downDeck is not leveled correctly Correctly level the deckTire pressure is low or uneven Check and inflate the tires

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Uneven Cutting

Scalping

Stingers

LC—8

Common International Symbols

Choke

Fast (Throttle)

Slow (Throttle)

Throttle

PTO Clutch Engaged

Parking Brake

Mower CuttingHeight Adjustment

Additional Technical Literature AvailableOperators ManualsAdditional copies of this manual are available, (and as partof our product support commitment, we maintain a stock ofprinted operators manuals going back many years!)

Parts ManualsFully illustrated parts manuals are also available —these manuals show all of the product’s components inexploded views (“3D” illustrations which show the relationship ofthe parts and how they go together), as well as giving the replace-ment part numbers and quantities used. Important assembly notes andspecial torque values are included in these manuals.

For the applicable manuals currently available foryour model, contact our Customer PublicationsDepartment at 262-284-8519. Have the informa-tion listed in the box at the right available whenphoning in your request.

Please allow 3 to 4 weeks for delivery .

Technical Manuals

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