Opening Question (10/1/10)• Please list what you believe are the

four main effects of the Protestant Reformation–Put them in order from most

important to least important

–Luther Movie write up due Oct. 5th!–UNIT I, II, and III Test is next Thursday

Insert Peace of Westphalia Map

Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648)

Last Phase of War is the French vs. the Hapsburgs (Dynasty that rules Austria and Spain)

Cardinal Richelieu helped get France involved – not for religious reasons – turns conflict into political one

(French/Sweden/Protestant German States) defeatHapsburg Coalition (HRE/Austria/Spain)

Other countries help for their own reasons

Denmark/Sweden both get involved – both lose to the Holy Roman Empire

France and England did not because they had their own problems in their countries

War starts as a Protestant Rebellion on May 23rd 1618

Protestant Union initially succeeds but is pushed back by Holy Roman Empire

Protestants in Germany look to outside countries for help

War ends with the Peace of Westphalia (1648)

Causes and Effects of Thirty Years WarCAUSES

- Peace of Augsburg (1555) creates tension between Catholic and Protestant German States- Still much religious conflict in Germany after the Reformation- Protestants create a coalition and rebel against the Holy Roman Empire (HRE) in 1618

Desire of Countries and Rulers

- Hapsburgs (HRE) want to stop the spread of Protestantism- French and Swedish wanted to weaken the HRE and the Hapsburgs- French turn the war from a religious one to a political one (role of Richelieu)

EFFECTS

- Switzerland and The Netherlands become independent- German States gained more independence and it became harder to unify Germany - Holy Roman Empire becomes pretty much useless- Hapsburg Ruling Family loses much power and influence- France emerges as the chief power on the continent of Europe- Wars will switch from being religious conflicts to mostly political ones afterwards

Review of Treaty of Westphalia Geography Activity

1. Spain, Spanish Netherlands, Franche-Comte, Milan, Naples, islands in the Mediterranean

2. Tuscany, East Prussia, and Brandenburg-Prussia

3. The Austrian Hapsburgs4. The Austrian Hapsburgs

• Critical Thinking: LocationFrance shared a number of borders with territory controlled by the Spanish Hapsburgs. French leaders may have felt threatened by the proximity of a powerful group such as the Hapsburgs…

Choices for Group Presentations next class… to review for the test.

• You must partner up with someone else in class (just one other person)

• You need to create a short 2-3 minute presentation on the topic your are assigned and teach the class to help us review for Thursday’s test

• You will have the remainder of class to prepare and we will start at the beginning of next class.

TOPICS1. Five World Religions2. Origins/Causes of the Renaissance3. Humanism4. Da Vinci and Michelangelo5. Albrecht Durer and Pieter Brueghel 6. Erasmus and Thomas More7. Dante and Machiavelli8. Shakespeare and Castiglione 9. Printing Press10. Start of Reformation (Luther)11. Reformation in England (Henry VII)12. Calvinist Reformation (John Calvin’s

movement)13. Counter-Reformation14. Effects of the Reformation

End of Day Question (11/18)

• What started the Thirty Years War? How did the war change over course of time? What were some major effects of the war? What ended the Thirty Years War?

• Please write out one complete paragraph answering all parts of the question…