Upload
others
View
1
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
DLR Institute of Networked Energy Systems
DLR.de/VE • Chart 1
Open Source Data and Models for a Sustainable Power Grid Modelling and Analysis Dr. Wided Medjroubi, Dr. Thomas Vogt
08 August 2017
International Conference on Large-Scale Grid Integration of Renewable Energy in India
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
DLR.de/VE • Chart 2
Outline
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Motivation • The SciGRID project • OpenStreetMap • Power Data in OpenStreetMap • Results & Applications the SciGRID:
− Germany − India
• Conclusion & Outlook
DLR.de/VE • Chart 3
Motivation
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Lack of models and (geo-referenced) data of the power (transmission) network
• Restrictive, no-clear license terms of “available” datasets
• Little information available on how network models are derived: − Data sources and quality − Aggregation methods − Simplifications and assumptions − Data parameters (ex. Electrical properties)
• Difficulty validating and/or comparing modelling results
• Restrictive (re)-use of models and data (ex. publication, sharing, cooperation)
• The process of collecting data is “endlessly” repeated
DLR.de/VE • Chart 4
SciGRID Project
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• SciGRID: Open Source Reference Model of European Transmission Networks for Scientific Analysis − Individual project supported by BMBF (10/2014 - 09/2017)
• Motivation: − Providing robust open data and models of the European transmission power grid for
the energy research community
• Objectives: − Development of an open source model − Providing data, tools and documentation − Directed towards scientific analysis
DLR.de/VE • Chart 5
What is OpenStreetMap?
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• A voluntary map of the world
• Founded in 2004 in the UK by S. Cost
• The most extensive geo-database in the world
• Includes geo-referenced objects and their features (XML-Format)
• Freely accessible under the Open Database Licence (ODbL)
• Open source tools to download and process data are available
DLR.de/VE • Chart 6
Data Structure in OpenStreetMap
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
node way relation
<-tags-> <-tags->
DLR.de/VE • Chart 7
Data Structure in OpenStreetMap
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
node way relation 2...2000
DLR.de/VE • Chart 8
Power Transmission Datasets in OSM
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
node way relation
node id = 724245909 lat = 51.8898354 lon = 14.4283962 power = tower user=* timestamp=* ...
2...2000
Source: Fotolia / Erwin Wodicka, 2012
DLR.de/VE • Chart 9
Power Transmission Datasets in OSM
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
node way relation
node id = 724245909 lat = 51.8898354 lon = 14.4283962 power = tower user=* timestamp=* ...
way id = 58417796 nd ref = 724245909 … power = line user = * timestamp = * ...
2...2000
Source: Pitopia / Pehuka, 2013 Source: Fotolia / Erwin Wodicka, 2012
DLR.de/VE • Chart 10
Power Transmission Datasets in OSM
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
node way relation
node id = 724245909 lat = 51.8898354 lon = 14.4283962 power = tower user=* timestamp=* ...
way id = 58417796 nd ref = 724245909 … power = line user = * timestamp = * ...
relation id 1560977 Member type=way id=58417796 role=line ... route = power user = * timestamp = * ...
2...2000
Source: Pitopia / Pehuka, 2013 Source: Fotolia / Erwin Wodicka, 2012 Source: www.wikipedia.org
DLR.de/VE • Chart 11
Power Transmission Datasets in OSM
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
DLR.de/VE • Chart 12
Overview of the SciGRID Model
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
Relational databank Model source-code and data
Model and data documentation
Geo-boundaries
openstreetmap.org raw data
• Characterization of (power) network models • Validation of the SciGRID model and data • Conversion tools to power flow tools
OSM-raw data post-processing
Derivation of power network
Power network abstraction
Definition of model simplifications
Power network visualization
DLR.de/VE • Chart 13
SciGRID Project Results
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Project results − Open source reference model
including the source code − Technical documentation − Converters to power flow simulation
software (PYPSA, PyPOWER, MATPOWER)
− Validation and verification − Scientific publications − International scientific conference
2017
• Project web-page
http://www.scigrid.de
• Example applications/studies − Characterization of the German
transmission network
− Network comparison tool
DLR.de/VE • Chart 14
SciGRID Model: Germany
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Data timestamp: 18.07.2017
DLR.de/VE • Chart 15
SciGRID Model: India
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Data timestamp: 18.07.2017
DLR.de/VE • Chart 16
Source: Matke, et al. "Structure Analysis of the German Transmission Network Using the Open Source Model SciGRID." Advances in Energy System Optimization. Birkhäuser, Cham, . 177-188 (2017).
Application Example: „Characterization of the German Transmission Network using SciGRID Datasets“
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Derivation of the German transmission network − 454 nodes and 826 lines
• Computation of structural properties
• Comparison with the US network − 4941 nodes and 6594 lines
Decomposition of the German network into 13 clusters after removing links with highest betweeness centrality.
Modularity and rescaled nb of clusters as a function of removed links.
DLR.de/VE • Chart 17
Application Example: „Heuristic Modelling of Transmission Networks: GridKit“
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Lack of relations data coverage for Europe
• Heuristic approach in modelling transmission networks − GridKit DE: 1849 (454) nodes, 2166 (826) lines
• Extension of SciGRID to EU countries
Comparison of the SciGRID and GridKit transmission network for Germany.
Example of simplification in GridKit.
GridKit network topology for the French transmission network compared to ENTSO-E map.
Modelling approach in GridKit. Source: B. Wiegmans, Master Thesis (2015).
DLR.de/VE • Chart 18
Application Example: „Automated Comparison Tool for Transmission Network Datasets: AutoGridComp“
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
• Comparison and characterization of power grid datasets − Towards validating open source power network datasets
• Influence of model derivation on resulting model topology
• Offers 3 characterization “layers”
AutoGridComp characterization of power networks.
Vertices with highest clustering coefficient for SciGRID and GridKit datasets.
Graphical interface of the AutoGridComp plugin.
Source: W. Heittkötter, Master Thesis (2017).
DLR.de/VE • Chart 19
• New challenges in the energy sector due to increasing shares of RES
• Energy modelling and analysis in general and power grid modelling in particular are necessary and need to be transparent
• Increasing importance of detailed modelling transmission networks
• Reliable, transparent and open models and data of transmission networks needed BUT access to existing models and data is restricted
• Heuristic approach in modelling transmission networks
• SciGRID: based on free and open source OpenStreetMap data and models, offers new possibilities
• SciGRID: applied to India is promising as OpenStreetMap power dataset is available
Conclusion
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
DLR.de/VE • Chart 20
• How to apply SciGRID to India? − Characterization of the OpenStreetMap power datasets − Cleaning, correcting and enhancing OpenStreetMap power datasets − Encourage mapping of power elements and features in OpenStreetMap − Adapting the algorithms and tools to the specificities of the Indian transmission network
Outlook
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017
DLR.de/VE • Chart 21
Thank you for your attention
> Grid Integration > Medjroubi • SciGRID > 8.8.2017