Upload
others
View
0
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
OPEN GOVERNMENT
Roula Sylla
Policy Analyst
Governance Reviews and Partnerships Division
Public Governance and Territorial Development Directorate
OECD
• OECD: Who we are?
• A Partner in Open Government (OG) Reforms
• OG eligibility Criterias
• The OECD supporting countries to join the OGP.
• MENA countries and OGP.
Outline
OECD: Who are we?
Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development
Better policies for better lives
Organisation
34 member countries from around the world
12 Directorates
About 250 Committees, Working Groups and Expert Networks
Secretariat comprising more than 2,500 professionals
QUICK FACTS
History established in 1961 Headquarters Paris, France Budget EUR 347 million Secretary-General Angel Gurría
The mission of the OECD is to promote policies that will
improve the economic and social well-being of people
around the world.
The OECD has defined open government as:
“the transparency of government actions, the
accessibility of government services and
information, and the responsiveness of
government to new ideas, demands and needs"
OECD definition of Open Government
Source: European Commission
Open Government policies are an integral part of public sector reform efforts and promote the same principles of good governance.
Open Government and Socio-economic Development
In addition:
- They improve the quality of policies - They enhance service design and delivery - They create economic value - They increase public trust:
The OECD supports the OGP
The OECD has collaborated with
the OGP since 2011 and is now an
official multilateral partner.
Implementing Open Government reforms with the OECD means:
Responding to the demands of citizens and business for transparency, integrity, participation and better public services;
Modernising public administrations with the principles of Good Governance; Fostering sustainable socio-economic development.
A Partner in Open Government Reforms
The OECD supports the OGP
OGP Open Government Declaration
As members of the Open Government Partnership, countries should commit to :
apply international instruments related to human rights and good governance:
“Together, we declare our commitment to: Increase the availability of information about governmental
activities.
Support civic participation.
Implement the highest standards of professional integrity throughout our administrations.
Increase access to new technologies for openness and accountability.”
To become a member
OGP Action Plan
The OECD supports countries join the OGP
Open Govt Review
Meet the Criteria
Develop an Action Plan
Implement the Action Plan
Submit to an Evaluation
The OGP cycle and how the OECD can support
countries go through it
Support the development and implementation of policies to meet the eligibility criteria
Contribute to the production and implementation of the OGP action plan
Review the results of the implementation of open government policies
Assess the state of the art of open government policies and practices
The OECD expertise in Good Governance
and Open Government
Areas OECD Comparative Knowledge Base and Data OECD frameworks and instruments
Public Governance
Strategic Capacities of the State Institutional leadership and coordination Change Management
Public Governance Reviews Network of Centres of Government Framework to promote “Making Reform Happen” OECD Open Government Project
Access to Information and open data
Comparative data on Freedom of Information Laws and proactive disclosure of information
Laws and policy measures for open government
Framework to assess Open Government Policies Guiding Principles on Open and Inclusive Policy-Making Framework to assess open data initiatives
Public engagement
Policy frameworks and practices to promote citizens participation
Use of consultation in the Regulatory Impact Assessment process
Handbook on Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making
MENA-OECD Practitioners’ guide for engaging stakeholders in the Rule-Making Process
Integrity and Fight Against Corruption
Conflict of Interest Disclosure Code of Conducts Transparency in public procurement Transparency in Lobbying
Principles for Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement Guidelines for Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public
Service Principles for Managing Ethics in the Public Service
Public Sector use of ICTs
E-government strategies Data on public sector ICT spending
Framework to assess public sector use of ICT for openness, integrity, transparency;
Public Sector Information accessibility and disclosure.
Fiscal transparency
Budget disclosures Transparency in the budget process
Good Practices in budget transparency
GIFT-MENA - Marrakech - 11 Fberuary 2015
• building government institutions that operate with Transparency is one of the four pillars of the OGP:
• Citizen Participation
• Budget Transparency
• Access to information /ICT
• Integrity
Transparency and open government
The OECD expertise: OG and budget
Transparency
• OECD Best Practices for Budget Transparency (developed by the OECD Working Party of Senior Budget Officials in 2002) are currently being updated. They focus on budget reports, specific disclosures, and practices for ensuring integrity.
• An effective role for the legislature is a critical component to ensuring integrity. The OECD provides a unique platform for policy dialogue and exchange of good practice through our network of Parliamentary Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions (PBO). The Network has developed a first draft of Principles for Independent Fiscal Institutions.
• OECD Budget Practices and Procedures Database provides comparable data on practices related to budget transparency from 31 OECD Member countries and 66 non-members from the Middle East, Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. This database is also in the process of being updated.
Trends in budgetary frameworks
• annual multi-annual
• PFM strategic planning
• identifying savings policy instrument
• financial inputs performance
• bottom-up top-down, fiscal targets
• fiscal transparency fiscal risks, resilience
• budget institution other institutions
citizens
• budget process public governance
The OECD Updated Budget Principles
1. Budgets should be managed within clear, credible and predictable limits for fiscal policy.
2. Budgets should be closely aligned with the medium-term strategic priorities of government.
3. The capital budgeting framework should be designed to meet national development needs in a cost-effective and coherent manner.
4. Budget documents and data should be open, transparent and accessible.
5. Debate on budgetary choices should be inclusive, participative and realistic.
6. Budgets should present a comprehensive, accurate and reliable account of the public finances.
The Updated Budget Principles
7. Budget execution should be actively planned, managed and monitored.
8. Performance, evaluation and value for money should be integral to the
budget process. 9. Longer-term sustainability and other fiscal risks should be identified,
assessed and managed prudently.
10. The integrity and quality of budgetary forecasts, fiscal plans and budgetary implementation should be promoted through rigorous quality assurance, including independent audit.
Budgeting within fiscal objectives
Principles of Budgetary Governance
Quality, integrity &
independent audit
Performance, Evaluation &
VFM
Comprehensive budget
accounting
Effective budget
execution
Alignment with medium-term strategic plans and priorities
Performance, evaluation &
VFM
Transparency, openness & accessibility
Participative, Inclusive
& Realistic Debate
Fiscal Risks & Sustainability
Capital budgeting framework
OG and Citizens’ Engagement
Citizens’ Engagement
Participation Access to
Information
GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR OPEN AND INCLUSIVE POLICY MAKING
1. Commitment
2. Rights
3. Clarity
4. Time
5. Inclusion
6. Resources
7. Co–ordination
8. Accountability
9. Evaluation
10. Active citizenship
Source: “Citizens and Partners” (2001) and updated in “Focus on Citizens” (2009)
The OECD expertise: Citizens’ Engagement
Building government institutions that operate with Transparency is one of the four pillars of the OGP:
• Citizen Participation
• Budget Transparency
• Access to information /ICT
• Integrity
Integrity and open government
Anti-Corruption and integrity - an
integral part of Open Government
OPEN GOVERNMENT
Transparency
Participation
Integrity
Accountability
An Anti-Corruption and Integrity Strategy should be an integral part of the Open Government Strategy!
Open Government Strategy
Sub-Strategies: • Anti-Corruption and
integrity tools: code of conduct, assets declaration, conflict of interest etc.
• Citizens engagement…
One overall strategy
Fighting corruption is amongst the key principles of the OGP declaration
A key challenge identified by the Partnership, is to ensure high standards of professional integrity throughout the public administration
The Eligibility criteria to the OGP comprises an integrity related measure: asset disclosure
Fighting corruption and promoting integrity
at the centre of the OGP
OECD expertise on integrity
The OECD focuses on the most vulnerable areas to corruption, including critical decision –making processes at the interface of the public / private sectors
• Principles for Managing Ethics in the Public Service (1998)
• Guidelines for Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service (2003)
• Recommendation on Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement (2008)
OECD expertise on integrity - Tools
Public sector code of conducts
Asset declarations (G20 High Level Principles on Asset Disclosure for Public Officials)
Whistle-blowers protections (Guiding Principles for Legislation on the Protection of Whistleblowers (2012)
Political finance
“Codes of conduct describe expected behaviour of civil servants and create a common understanding of what constitutes appropriate and inappropriate conduct”
Strong instrument to promote integrity and encourage Open Government reforms
Link to Recommendation on Improving Ethical Conduct in the Public Service
Codes of Conduct
Steps in the Design and Implementation
of a Code of Conduct
Preliminary Research: Identify priorities; review relevant internal documents; analyse international best practices.
Draft the code: Particularly important to pay attention to the code’s legal setting and scope.
Evaluation: Allow for questions and revisions to the code.
Implementation: Establish an office / unit to oversee changes to the code; respond to situations as they arise.
Dissemination: Finalize the code and initialize its integration into the daily work of civil servants.
• building government institutions that operate with Transparency is one of the four pillars of the OGP:
• Citizen Participation
• Budget Transparency
• Access to information /ICT
• Integrity
Access to Information, ICT and open
government
• A law that guarantees public right to information and access to government data is an important condition to an open government.
• A law that meets international standards and best practices.
• A law that is implemented and guarantees access to information.
Access to information and OG
E-Government and OG
“The use of information and communication technologies, and particularly the Internet, as a tool to achieve better government.” Source: The e-Government Imperative (OECD, 2003)
OGP Current and Future Members (more than 60 and growing…)
Countries that have endorsed the declaration as of September 20, 2011: Brazil,
Indonesia, Mexico, Norway, Philippines, South Africa, United Kingdom, United
States
Countries that have endorsed the declaration as of April 17, 2012: Albania,
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Czech Republic, Croatia,
Denmark, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Estonia, Georgia, Greece, Jordan,
Kenya, Latvia, Lithuania, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Malta, Moldova,
Montenegro, Netherlands, Paraguay, Peru, Romania, Slovak Republic, Spain,
South Korea, Sweden, Tanzania, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay.
Countries that have endorsed the declaration as of April 24, 2013: Argentina,
Costa Rica, Finland, Ghana, Hungary, Liberia, Panama, Serbia
Countries that are in the process of developing commitments and will endorse the
declaration in 2014: Australia, Ireland, Malawi, Mongolia, Trinidad and Tobago.
Through the MENA-OECD Open Government Project, the OECD supports Jordan, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia.
The OECD supports MENA countries
Tunisia: By implementing OECD recommendations, Tunisia became eligible and joined the OGP on the historic date of 14 January 2014, as the second country in the MENA region to achieve this important goal. The OECD accompanied the country to engage in a consultation process with its citizens and draft its first OGP Action Plan. Following the OECD’s seminar focused on the OECD Open Government Review Tunisia and training on citizen’s engagement, Tunisia launched its consultation process. The seminar facilitated the creation of an open government civil society network and allowed the government to elaborate a timeline for the consultation process with civil society. Inspired by the OECD recommendations Tunisia presented its first Action Plan in September 2014 becoming an OGP member.
• Morocco: The discussions of the OECD Open Government Review Morocco and training on consultation processes facilitated the establishment of an Open Government Steering Committee with representatives from key public institutions and civil society organisations. The OECD is supporting the Committee to already elaborate an OGP action plan and engage in a consultation
• Ongoing process: the government is finalizing the adoption of the access to information law. This allows Morocco to join OG once the law is passed.
The OECD supports MENA countries
http://www.oecd.org/mena/governance/open-government.htm
People are demanding transparency, accountability, access to information and competent service delivery from their governments. They also expect policies and services to be tailored to their needs and address their concerns.
Open government - the opening up of government processes, proceedings, documents and data for public scrutiny and involvement - is now considered as a fundamental element of a democratic society. Both greater transparency and public participation can not only lead to better policies and services, they can also promote public sector integrity, which is essential to regaining the trust of citizens in the neutrality and reliability of public administrations.”
Contact us:
Roula Sylla
MENA-OECD Governance Programme
Public Governance Reviews and Partnerships
Directorate for Public Governance and Territorial Development
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developemnt
Email: [email protected]
THANK YOU!