op report - occlusion

8/7/2019 op report - occlusion

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OCCLUSIONPRIMARY DENTITION

MIXED DENTITION

PERMANENT DENTITION



Occlusion

Occlusion is the relationship of the maxillaryand mandibular teeth when the jaws are in afully closed position.

Occlusion develops in a child as the primaryteeth erupt. Habits such as thumb sucking or improper

swallowing habits can affect the occlusion. Proper occlusion of the erupting permanent

teeth depend on the occlusion of the primaryteeth as they are shed.



Types of Occlusion

Centric occlusion:

The jaws are closed in a position that produces

maximal stable contact between the occluding

surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth.

Functional occlusion:

The contact of the teeth during biting and chewing

movements.

Malocclusion:

Abnormal or malpositioned relationships of the teeth.



Primary Dentition

The deciduous dentition stage starts from eruption

of the first deciduous tooth, usually the deciduous

mandibular central incisors and ends with the

eruption of first permanent molar.

By 2½ years of age, deciduous dentition is usually

complete and in full function.



Primary Dentition

By 2½ years of age, deciduous dentition is

usually complete and in full function.



Primary Dentition

Spaced anteriors

usually seen in deciduous dentition toaccommodate larger permanent teeth in

jaws.

Primate/ Simian / Anthropoid space present mesial to maxillary canine and distal

to the mandibular canine.

Shallow overjet and overbite

Almost vertical inclination of anteriors

Ovoid arch form

Normal signs of Primary dentition



Primary Dentition

Straight or flush terminal plane r elation

molar relationship in the primarydentition can be classified into 3 types: Flush terminal plane- distal surfaces of

maxillary and mandibular deciduoussecond molars are in the same verticalplane.

Mesial step- distal surface of mandibular deciduous second molar is mesial to thedistal surface of maxillary deciduous

second molar. Distal step- distal surface of mandibular

deciduous second molar is more distalthan the distal surface of maxillarydeciduous second molar.

Normal signs of Primary dentition



Mixed Dentition

This is the period where teeth of both

deciduous and permanent dentition are

seen. It extends from 6-12 years of age.

Most malocclusion make their appearance

during this stage.



Mixed Dentition

This stage can be divided into two

transitional periods: first and second.



Mixed Dentition

First Transitional Period

Emergence of the first permanent molars and

transition of incisors.

Eruption of permanent molars

The first permanent molars erupt at 6 years. They

play an important role in establishing and functioning

of occlusion in the permanent dentition.

Incisor eruption

The permanent incisors develop lingual to the

deciduous incisors and move labially as they erupt.



Mixed Dentition



Mixed Dentition

Inter-transitional Period (1.5 years)

This is a stable phase where little changes take place in

the dentition. The teeth present are the permanent

incisors and first molar along with deciduous canines

and molars.



Mixed Dentition

Second transitional Period

The following events takes place:

Exfoliation of primary molars and canine at around 10

years of age. The first deciduous tooth in the posterior

region, usually the mandibular canine sheds and marks the

beginning of the second transitional period.

Eruption of permanent canines and premolars occurs after a

pause of 1-2 years following incisor eruption. Eruption of permanent second molars

Establishment of occlusion



Permanent Dentition

Permanent dentition forms within the jaws soon after

birth.

Calcifications begin at birth with the calcification of

the cusps of the first permanent molar and extends

as late as the 25th year of life.



Permanent Dentition

The permanent incisors develop lingual to the

deciduous incisors and move labially as they erupt.

The premolars develop below the diverging roots of

the deciduous molars.

At approximately 13 years of age all permanent

teeth except third molars are fully erupted.



Permanent Dentition

Coinciding midline

Class I molar relationship of the permanent first molar. Vertical crossbite of about one-third the clinical crown

height of the mandibular central incisors.

Overjet: Overjet and over bite decreases throughout the

second decade of life due to greater forward growth of

mandible.

Curve of Spee: Develops during transition and stabilizes

in adulthood.

F eatures of Permanent Dentition



Angles Classification of Occlusion

Class I ²patient¶s profile ischaracterized as normal.

Class II ²patient¶s profile isdeficient in chin length andcharacterized as a retruded(retrognathic) profile.

Class III ²patient¶s profile isexcessive in chin length andcharacterized as protruded(prognathic) profile.



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op report - occlusion