Ontario Mining Review Spring 2016

Spring 2016

OntariOMining Review

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Documentary seriessheds light on how mining affects aboriginal communities

FIFO fears: Things to consider

Elsa Nielsen on women and mining

Documentary seriessheds light on how mining affects aboriginal communities

FIFO fears: Things to consider

Elsa Nielsen on women and mining

2 Ontario Mining Review

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Spring 2016 3

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On the cOver: Adam Brody Coulter, regional geologic mapping

for Wallbridge Mining Company. See story on page16.

Message from the Minister of Northern Development and

Mines, Michael Gravelle 4

Message from the Northwestern Ontario Prospectors

Association president, Bob Chataway 6

There’s girl power in mining 7

Documentary touches on hot topic 8

Top three factors for families starting fly-in, fly-out 9

The history of mining in Ontario 10

Advancing female entrepreneurs as suppliers in the

mining sector 12

Your only turn-key environmental engineering

service provider 14

Can’t hold the Ontario mining industry down 15

The search for unconventional ores at the

Sudbury Structure 16

Unimin Canada invests for the long term 18

Serpent River update proves promising 20

Leisure Farms Construction always does its best 22

Index to advertisers 23


Michael Gravelle, Minister of Northern Development and Mines

Mining is a major contributor to Ontario’s economy, and in today’s rapidly changing industrial landscape, our ministry is working hard to ensure mineral sector growth is not only sustained but strengthened.

Mineral production in Ontario contributed record revenues of $11 billion

in 2014, while each year $6.6 billion in gross output is produced by global min-

ing supplies and services. As well, the mineral sector generates more than $1.7

billion in payroll.

Consider that $8.9 billion in equity capital was raised on the TSX and TSXV

in 2014 alone, with Toronto being the world’s largest financing centre for min-

ing. The fact is Ontario’s mineral sector accounts for more than 1.1 per cent

of the provincial GDP with nearly $1 billion invested annually through capital

expenditures on mines.

Our government’s goal is to maximize opportunities that build on this suc-

cess, foster the growth of Ontario’s mineral sector and help industry overcome

the global economic challenges that have impacted world markets for the last

few years.

With challenge comes opportunity.

We are working harder than ever to maintain Ontario’s position as one of

the world’s leading mining jurisdictions, and to become the global leader in

sustainable mineral exploration, development and production.

Ontario has real potential to lead a market rebound.

How? Access to international investor capital is absolutely critical, and sev-

eral strategic new initiatives demonstrate our government’s support for min-

eral sector rebound and growth.

For example, Ontario will host and co-sponsor the inaugural Mines and

Money Americas conference and exhibition in Toronto from Sept. 26 to 28,

2016.

Mines and Money is the world’s premier event for mining finance and in-

vestment, bringing together international investors and major miners and pro-

viding traditional prospectors, junior exploration firms and smaller mining

companies with a unique opportunity to connect with potential investors.

This is the first time in its history that a Mines and Money conference will be

hosted in North America. It will be a privilege to showcase Ontario’s mineral

sector in an effort to attract new business and investment.

Another step we’ve taken is Ontario’s renewed Mineral Development Strat-

egy (MDS) which was unveiled in December 2015.

Message from theMinister of Northern Development and Mines, Michael Gravelle

Spring 2016 5

Directly aligned with the Growth Plan for Northern Ontario,

MDS is a 10-point action plan for shaping mineral exploration and

development over the next decade. It reiterates the vital role that

exploration plays in Ontario’s economy and outlines the steps to

achieving long-term growth and prosperity of our mineral sector.

MDS addresses several priorities for resource development in

Ontario, including:

• maintainingcompetitiveproductionandtransportationcosts;

• supporting groundbreaking technologies to identify new ore

deposits;

• drivingfuturelabourmarketopportunities;

• strengtheningouraboriginalpartnerships;and

• retainingOntario’s statusasoneof theworld’s safestmining

jurisdictions.

This renewed strategy will foster more exploration and help

increase mineral discovery rates, which is critical to the future

development of new mines. Furthermore, it encourages innova-

tion and collaborative research among the mineral sector’s many

partners.

We are committed to introducing tools to attract more risk

capital and to provide financial supports for Ontario-based pros-

pectors and juniors which will help increase exploration activity,

even in challenging economic times.

That commitment is clearly echoed through the Northern On-

tario Heritage Fund Corporation’s $5-million contribution to-

ward the new Junior Exploration Assistance Program which will

be administered by the Ontario Prospectors Association.

Our government’s support for the mineral sector is also strongly

reflected in the modernization of Ontario’s Mining Act.

The Mining Act provides security of mining land tenure and a fair

and transparent regulatory framework, consistent with the recogni-

tion of existing aboriginal and treaty rights, allowing companies to

plan long-term growth.

As part of the Mining Act Modernization process, amendments

to the legislation have been introduced proposing to implement

province-wide online claim registration and an integrated land

management system which will promote a dynamic and competitive

business climate in Ontario, ensuring the province is open to global

investment.

Major initiatives like the renewed Mineral Development Strategy

and Mining Act Modernization, coupled with our tax regime and

R&D tax incentives, competitive energy programs and modernized

infrastructure systems, contribute significantly to Ontario’s growing

reputation as a premier global destination for mineral sector invest-

ment.

Despite cyclical downturns and market fluctuations, it’s clear that

Ontario remains well-positioned to face future change and chal-

lenges head on.

Looking forward, I am confident that our government’s strategies

to maximize opportunities in the mineral sector form a solid blue-

print to proactively build an even stronger province for the benefit

of all Ontarians.

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Welcome to the PDAC (Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada) International Convention, Trade Show and Investors Exchange from the Northwestern Ontario Prospectors Association (NWOPA).

The northwest region of Ontario has a rich history when it comes

to mines, minerals and prospectors. Most notably, we have the Red

Lake gold deposits, producing for more than 90 years and still going

strong; the past-producing Shebandowan Mine; the platinum/pal-

ladiummineofNorthAmericanPalladium;theHemlogoldmines;

theVictorDiamondMine;andahugeresourceofchromiteinthe

RingofFire.NewGoldInc.isdevelopingagoldmineintheKenora/

Fort Frances area, and there is potential for iron ore and lithium pro-

duction. The geology is some of the most prospective in Canada.

The Ontario Geological Survey (OGS) staff is widely recognized

as the best resource available to new explorers. Over the years, many

successful prospectors have plied their trade in the northwest. This

has led to a culture of well-trained young prospectors with a keen

eye to finding new showings and hopefully new discoveries. NWOPA

honours the best at the annual Northwestern Ontario Mines and

Minerals Symposium in Thunder Bay. This year, the event takes place

from April 5 to 6. For registration and more information, please visit

www.nwopa.net.

Some of our recent award winners are noted here:

Lifetime Achievement AwArdIainDownie;

Dr.James(Jim)Franklin;

LyleHolt,prospector;

Perry English, prospector.

Bernie SchneiderS diScovery of the yeAr AwArdRudyWahl,PrairieLakeNiobiumProject;

ZenyattaVenturesLtd.,graphitediscovery;

Transition Metals, Sunday Lake Intrusion PGM Project.

The Bjorkman family, prospectors and geologists and winners of

numerous awards were also recognized.

OtherwinnersincludeEwanDownie,PremierGold;MacWatson

and Don Hoy, Freewest; Dan Calvert, Mel Stewart, Russell Kwiat-

kowski,MikeLuskiandJohnHalet,prospectors;andAlMacTavish

and staff, Magma Metals.

We look forward to honouring the next generation of winners

when the exploration season gets back on track. Good prospect-

ing!

Message from the Northwestern Ontario Prospectors Association president, Bob Chataway

Spring 2016 7

If there’s anyone who has experienced a complete 180-degree turn in careers and lived to tell the tale, it’s Elsa Nielsen.

Fine art? More like mine art. Now a miner and a driller in a Long

Tom heading since 2013, Nielsen had originally attended school at

York University in Toronto, Ont. where she earned a bachelor of fine

arts degree. Nielsen’s passions lie within painting, photography and

Asian art history. However, she was working as an offshore invest-

ment accountant for State Street Corporation in downtown Toronto.

“My work was high-pressure and fast-paced, but it wasn’t satis-

fying at all. I’m a creative individual and I was stuck in a number-

crunching job. I didn’t find my work challenging and I wasn’t in-

spired by it,” Nielsen says, adding that while attending York Univer-

sity, she worked in the mines up north as her summer job.

Nielsen had worked as a student underground production worker,

spending most of her time tramming – both pulling chutes by herself

and being loaded by a scoop operator. Eventually, Nielsen left her job

to return to the mines – and she hasn’t looked back since.

“I work with a partner, and my duties in a Long Tom heading in-

volve mucking out the previous round, bolting up with a jackleg and

stopper, plotting on my print where the next round will be taken and

drilling and blasting my round,” Nielsen explains her job duties. “I

alsoextendservicesasmyheadingprogresses,i.e.water/airpipesand

installing ventilation tubing.” When necessary, Nielsen is also a scoop

operator and a trammer.

Although equipped with an arsenal of skills and knowledge of

mining, Nielsen says she still experienced some challenges as a wom-

an in the profession.

“There was a brief adjustment period for my co-workers on the

front lines having a woman in their midst,” Nielsen recalls.

She remembers being faced with different reactions – some were

positive, but a lot were negative. She says men didn’t know how to

interact with her, if they could joke around with her and if they could

say curse words in front of her.

“I’m happy to say that within a couple of months, it felt like most

miners were at ease and comfortable with my presence in their work-

place,” Nielsen says.

However, for Nielsen, she says the most challenging obstacle was

trying to convince the middle management and training department

to promote her. She had wanted to develop her career beyond equip-

ment operation and onto development mining.

There’s girl power in mining

elsa nielsen.

My duties in a Long Tom heading involve mucking out the previous round, bolting up with a jackleg and stopper, plotting on my print where the next round will be taken and drilling and blasting my round.

“I experienced some major pushback from middle management,”

Nielsen says. “I was never really a serious consideration for promo-

tion as a driller because my captains couldn’t visualize me doing the

job and had no day-to-day exposure to my skills or abilities. It was

much easier for them to believe ‘She isn’t strong enough’ or ‘She’ll

just get hurt’ rather than give me a fair chance.”

To combat some of the challenges Nielsen – and many women –

faces, she recommends a multifaceted strategy, which includes train-

ing for frontline supervisors and middle management that spreads

awareness about unconscious bias; a cross-training strategy for

frontline workers to ensure productivity which also ensures women

getdevelopedalongsidemen;arotationofdutiestoensureallwork-

erskeepupwithallcross-trainedtasks;andengagingandpromot-

ing local female talent to save on the costs of fly-in, fly-out (FIFO)

operations.

By Cindy Chanbb


Paul Rickard never forgot where he came from.Born and raised in the community of Moose Factory, Ont., Rick-

ard was the director, producer, cameraman and writer for the six-

episode documentary series, Ring of Fire, which told the tale of how

several aboriginal communities felt about the titular resource devel-

opment site. The series is a co-production between Mushkeg Media

(ROF) Inc. producers Rickard and George Hargrave and A Beautiful

Forest Inc. producers Lloyd Salomone and Nelson Milley from Fred-

ericton, N.B.

According to Rickard, Salomone had pitched the idea of doing a

documentary on the Ring of Fire to him and Hargrave.

“We were kind of figuring out how to approach this project and,

obviously, with the Ring of Fire, it’s a huge, complex project,” Rickard

explains.

Eventually, Rickard and his team compiled their research by going

into the communities that were affected by the Ring of Fire, with

the purpose of collecting and listening to the community members’

response to the mining project. Afterwards, they pitched the series to

APTN (Aboriginal Peoples Television Network).

“It’s a six-part series that looks at the issues of concern for the

communities on how they see the Ring of Fire,” Rickard summarizes

the documentary. He adds that the communities want their more

pressing issues settled prior to agreeing to any development on the

Ring of Fire, such as social issues, health issues and education issues.

Rickard was adamant on having aboriginal people’s opinions at

the forefront rather than the usual government and industry per-

spective.

“At the time, there were a lot of articles and newspapers and stories

about the Ring of Fire from the industry and government perspec-

tive,” Rickard says. “Very little was coming from the community in

terms of what the community members thought. While doing re-

search, I figured it’s better to tell the story from the communities’

perspective, to show what was important to them, how the Ring of

Fire plays a role in their future.”

They started filming in June of 2014 and finished filming in Sep-

tember 2014. They spent their entire summer there, staying for two

to three weeks at a time, leaving for one week and returning after-

wards.

However, the real work began way before that. Rickard recalls one

of the biggest challenges with this documentary was getting com-

munity members to participate, which was why he had to gain their

trust before the cameras started rolling.

“The first part of our project was visiting and not filming,” Rick-

ard says. “We hung around the community, visited people, visited the

bingo halls and attended various functions.”

The effort the team put into integrating into the community led

to more open conversations and the occasional invitation to join a

fishing trip. However, the most rewarding thing, for Rickard, was the

chance to talk to the elders.

“Mydadwasanelderaswell;he’sinhislate80s.Igrewuphunting

and trapping with my father. I had a really good understanding of the

cultural component, so being able to showcase and talk to the elders

was rewarding,” Rickard says.

Ring of Fire was initially intended to be a one-time series, but

Rickard is open to the idea of creating a sequel to check in with the

communities.

“Down the road, if there’s an actual mine happening, it’ll be in-

teresting to do a follow-up to see how things turn out for the com-

munities,” Rickard says.

Towatchtheepisodes,visitaptn.ca/ringoffire.Paul rickard (camera) and theo Levi (sound) film with roy Spence and Frank Shewaybick of Webequie First nation. Photo taken by Zoë Barrett-Wood.

By Cindy ChanPaul rickard. Photo taken by Darryl Rickard.

Documentary touches on hot topichow the ring of Fire affects aboriginal communities

Spring 2016 9

Is the fly-in, fly-out (FIFO) lifestyle bad for families? It’s a question I’m frequently asked by people (often outside the

mining industry) who are intrigued by the concept of working thou-

sands of miles away from home.

The answer is yes and no. Some families love the lifestyle and

say it’s brought them much closer together while helping them to

achieve their financial and career goals. Others say it’s the biggest

mistake they’ve ever made.

It’s definitely true, though, that all FIFO families have it rough

sometimes (just like every other family on the planet!). And when

tough times happen, it helps enormously to know they’re not alone.

For families just starting out in FIFO, or contemplating the life-

style, below are the top three factors worth considering.

1. SomE InDIvIDuaLS anD famILIES CopE bEttEr than othErSThis probably seems obvious, but in my six years with Mining

Family Matters, I’ve been really fascinated to see certain themes

emerging time and time again. People who cope well with working

away (or with their partner working away) tend to:

• Seeworkingawayasapositivechoicethatishelpingtheirfamily

achieveimportantandsharedgoals;

• Haveapositive,problem-solvingapproachtotheinevitableprob-

lemsthatarise;

• Havepracticalsupportfromextendedfamily,friendsorpaidhelp;

and

• Prioritizelookingafterthemselves,bothphysicallyandemotion-

ally.

2. WorkIng aWay Can makE ExIStIng probLEmS WorSE Underlying problems like mental health issues, relationship prob-

lems, excessive drug or alcohol use and physical health problems can

worsen with the demands of working away. All individuals and fami-

lies have issues to deal with, and adding in an extra stress like work-

ing away can tip the balance if there is not a plan in place to manage

whatever the issues are. Pretending problems don’t exist won’t help.

The good news is that there’s never been more help available. Use

the help to identify and address any personal or family problems that

you face. Become the best version of yourself and reap the rewards.

Top three factors for families starting fly-in, fly-out

3. SImpLE StratEgIES Can hELp pEopLE CopE bEttEr, anD thESE Can bE LEarnEDOnce upon a time, psychologists thought that people were either

born resilient or not. We now know that what we call resilience is a

set of skills like any other set of skills. They can be taught, people can

learn them and practice will improve them.

Key coping skills are:

• Problem-solving.Insteadofjustworrying,resilientpeopletendto

get on and try to work out solutions to problems they face.

• Recognizingwhatishappeninginone’sthinking,andmakingthe

choice to avoid thinking traps like catastrophizing (“I’ve had the

worst week ever”), over-generalizing (using “always” and “never”

when the reality is “sometimes”) and snowballing (when one

thing leads to another in your thinking and you end up with a

bigger and worse problem than you started with).

• Askingforandacceptingsupportandhelpfromothers,including

family, friends and professionals (yes, this is a skill that can be

practised).

• Recognizingthegoodthingsinlife.Thiscanbepractisedthrough

exercises such as writing down three good things at the end of

each day.

• Goodcommunication.Goodcommunicationskillscontributeto

positive relationships both at work and at home, and good rela-

tionships help people cope better with tough times.

By Angie Willcocks, Mining Family Matters psychologistbb

For further expert advice on mining and exploration relationships and parenting, visit the Mining Family Matters website at www.miningfm.ca.


Many visitors to Toronto, when looking up-ward to the tops of those enormous bank-ing towers along Yonge and Bay Streets, might believe that banking and other fi-nancial corporations were the primary his-toric factors in Ontario’s economic growth. Others might look at industrial plants in Hamilton and other cities and come to the same conclusion.

However, they would likely be wrong, be-

cause there is ample evidence to conclude

that that it is the mining industry which

has made the greatest of contributions to

Ontario’s economic growth and, most cer-

tainly, to the expansion of communities

across its vast northern and western areas.

Throughout the past century and more,

mining’s economic and social contribu-

tions to Ontario have been truly substan-

tial. According to figures provided by the

Ontario Mining Association, the value of

mining production within Ontario ap-

proached $11 billion by 2014 while leading

the way in Canadian production of gold,

nickel, copper, platinum group metals

(PGMs), salt and several structural mate-

rials.

Many small to mid-sized communi-

ties have relied on employment within the

world of mining for their economic stabil-

ity, and it is estimated that when all facets

of the mining industry are combined, total

mining industry employment within the

province now exceeds a quarter of one mil-

lion people. It is also worth noting that the

industry has successfully trained and pro-

vided employment opportunities for First

Nations peoples throughout Ontario.

The history of mining in Ontario

A condensed provincial history of the

spread of mining indicates a pattern which

has moved through the years from south

and central Ontario toward more northern

regions and then westward all the way to

the Manitoba border.

An important scene of early mining ac-

tivity was the Temagami district, located to

the east of Lake Nipissing near the Quebec

border. Among the earliest district mines,

we find the Big Dan Mine, named after

prospector Dan O’Connor. Mining opera-

tions began early in the 20th century and

continued until a forest fire destroyed min-

ing infrastructure in 1907.

Other Temagami district mines which

saw active production in that era included

the Barton Mine which produced molyb-

denum, gold, silver, copper and bismuth

beginning in 1906 and continuing until

this mine was also the victim of a fire which

closed the mine permanently in 1918.

Further to the north, the Sudbury min-

ing district became the most important

By Leonard Melman

Throughout the past century and more, mining’s economic and social contributions to Ontario have been truly substantial.

Spring 2016 11

Ontario mining area with the discovery

of nickel ore by a railroad crew in the late

19th century. Subsequent exploration de-

termined that incredibly valuable deposits

were laid down by meteorite impact about

one billion years ago. Discoveries led to the

development of deep underground mining

along an oval pattern with a circumference

of about 150 kilometres.

Early Sudbury area mines included the

Creighton Mine which began production

in 1901 and which continues in operation

up to the present with known reserves es-

timated to last for another 20 years. New

exploration programs designed to extend

known mineral resources are continuing.

Another historic Sudbury mining op-

eration is the Frood-Stobie Mine, which

began operations early in the 20th century

and which eventually became one of the

world’s great nickel mines, making vital

contributions to the Allies’ war efforts in

both World Wars. In fact, it was estimated

that 40 per cent of the Allies’ nickel used

in artillery production came from Frood-

Stobie. After more than a century of opera-

tions, the mine eventually closed in 2012.

Mining continued to expand to the

north with the opening of the Timmins

region and important operations which

made significant economic contributions

to that area included the Hollinger, Mc-

Intyre and Dome mines. The Hollinger

Mine opened in 1910 and continued in

operation until 1989 when the area went

on “care and maintenance” status, but

present-day owner Goldcorp is looking to

reinstate open pit operations. During its

heyday, Hollinger was the largest gold min-

ing operation in Canada. The McIntyre

Mine operated from 1912 until closure

in 1988, eventually producing more than

10,800,000 ounces of gold.

One of the area’s most famous mines,

the Dome Mine enjoyed tremendous early

growth and eventually employed almost

800 miners in the years before the Second

World War. Production continued at a high

level until the early years of the present

century when declining reserves and ore

grades eventually led to an announced ces-

sation of mining operations in early 2016.

Northern Ontario mining development

continued with the opening of the Lake

Shore gold mine which operated near the

present-day city of Kirkland Lake from 1918

through 1965 and which made major con-

tributions toward the development of that

city.

Heading westward, uranium ore was dis-

covered near the city of Elliot Lake, result-

ing in the opening of several uranium min-

ing operations, including the Denison and

Golden Giant mines. Uranium production

continued from the 1950s up to the early

1990s.

Recent years have witnessed extensive

mining exploration and development from

north of Lake Superior westward through

Red Lake, Armstrong and down to the Rainy

River region. Notable mining camps have

included the enormously productive Hemlo

discovery which saw the establishment of

several important mining corporations dur-

ing the late 20th century.

Mining was important to Ontario’s past

economic development, and it remains so

today. The industry’s future remains bright

with exceptional areas of exploration such as

the staggeringly rich Ring of Fire region yet

to be developed.


A couple of years ago, the PARO Centre for Women’s Enterprise real-ized that female entrepreneurs would be an asset to the mining sector.

The organization embarked on a strategy to provide support

to women and the mining sector to increase women’s participa-

tion as suppliers. Ontario’s mine supply and service sector has

approximately 1,400 supply and service companies offering a full

range of capabilities, such as mine exploration and operation,

equipment and technology, security and safety, environmental

studies and site reclamation. It is a growing sector that is worth

Advancing female entrepreneurs as suppliers in the mining sector

about $5.6 billion a year and provides 23,000 jobs.1 It is unknown

to date how many female entrepreneurs are servicing the min-

ing supply and service sector in northern Ontario, as this is a

relatively new and emerging area. Recent surveys on gender and

the sector have not yet been compiled. However, according to the

Ontario Mining Association, “women are the largest underrepre-

sented group in the mining sector”. 2

PARO has collaborated with women and a myriad of commu-

nity partners to develop and grow women’s businesses for more

than 20 years. PARO’s expertise in business development was es-

tablished by working with suppliers (i.e. female entrepreneurs)

and purchasers (i.e. private and public entities) in all sectors of

the economy. Through this work, PARO recognized a gap – the

poor linkage between woman-owned businesses and procure-

ment and purchasing departments in the mining sector. As a re-

sult, the team at PARO as well as staff and leaders in the sector

designed a plan to advance woman-owned businesses as suppli-

ers in the mining sector. The hope is to continue to expand the

opportunities for women-owned businesses to directly supply

goods and services to this sector.

PARO identified key barriers that keep women out of the min-

ing supply sector. To address these barriers, PARO, with input

from industry and community leaders, including women already

active in the sector, developed a mining procurement tool kit,

offered workshops, linked entrepreneurs to mentorships and of-

fered networking opportunities that have helped more women

gain the information, skills and confidence needed to compete

for supply contracts within the mining sector and expand their

businesses.

PARO found that collaborating with procurement departments

in the sector enables women and their businesses to be recognized

as reliable sources of goods and services for a sector dominated

largely by larger corporations and male-headed businesses. PARO

also saw that strengthening this direct business relationship could

enable woman-owned businesses to gain access to larger-scale

economic opportunities in northern Ontario and guarantee more

consistent, long-term revenues from the mining sector.3

ALL TYPES OF WELDING.ALL TYPES OF METAL.

BIG OR SMALL, WE DO IT ALL.

9 3 9 E L I S A B E L L A S T R E E T, S U D B U R Y, O N P 3 A 5 K1

W W W. C I T Y W E L D I N G S U D B U R Y. C A( 7 0 5 ) 5 6 6 - 3 0 3 3

FA X : ( 7 0 5 ) 5 6 6 - 3 9 2 0E - M A I L : S A L E S @ C I T Y W E L D I N G S U D B U R Y. C A

PArO grows their work in the north

Spring 2016 13

christina Burk.

110-105 May Street NorthThunder Bay, ON P7C 3N9Tel: 807.625.0328Fax: 807.625.0317

110 105 ᒣ ᒥᑲᓇᐠ ᑭᐁᐧᑎᓄᐠᑕᐣᑐᕑ ᐯ, ᐅᐣᑌᕑᐃᔪ

[email protected]

The strategy has had overwhelming participation, targeting

women across all language and cultural groups. In the span of

24months,more than1,100womenhaveparticipated inand/or

benefited from procurement events, workshops and networking,

expanding their knowledge of doing business in the mining sector

and increasing their direct engagement as suppliers in the procure-

ment process.

Christina Burk, PARO circle member and successful owner of

two companies, was recognized this year at the Marathon Business

Awards Gala as the “Entrepreneur of the Year”. PARO assisted Burk

over the last three years, helping her to develop her businesses in

various ways, such as assisting with her health and safety policy

and helping her secure a mining contract with a gold company by

providing PARO’s mining tool kit.

We are excited to report that more and more female entrepre-

neurs are becoming suppliers in the mining sector. This participa-

tion is essential to our northern economy.

PARO welcomes input and participation from the community

and the mining sector in this endeavour. Contact executive direc-

tor Rosalind Lockyer at [email protected] or lead bilingual busi-

ness counsellor Marie-Eve Poliquin at [email protected]. You can

also call (807) 625-0328.

footnotES:1 http://www.mndm.gov.on.ca/en/northern-development/mining-

supply-and-services2 http://www.oma.on.ca/en/ontariomining/facts_figures.asp3 Adapted from ‘Advancing Women-owned Businesses as Suppliers

in the Mining Sector’ by measureMe, January 2016.

PARO has collaborated with women and a myriad of community partners to develop and grow women’s businesses for more than 20 years.


Canadian Shield Consultants Agency Inc. (CSCA) was formed more than 15 years ago, and today it has become the only turn-key service company in Ontario in the world of wastewater treatment busi-ness.

Through the years, CSCA has developed

expertise in engineering, construction and

maintenance of wastewater treatment sys-

tems, as well as becoming a member of the

Professional Engineers Ontario.

The mining sector is at the core of our

engineering projects, which includes ser-

vices such as assessments, feasibility stud-

ies, hydrogeological studies under the On-

tario Water Resources Act (OWRA), Ag-

gregate Resources Act (ARA), consulting,

engineered design, Environmental Com-

pliance Approval applications and more.

CSCA strives to be an innovative con-

sultant to help clients tackle all types and

sizes of wastewater projects. From domes-

tic to high-strength wastewater treatment,

each project is approached from the cli-

ents’ point of view in order to meet and

exceed all requirements and expectations.

Recently, CSCA has designed a wastewa-

ter treatment plant for the destruction of

ammonia from the mine process water, as

well as designing a wastewater treatment

system to reduce the TSS below effluent

discharge objectives as a result eliminat-

Your only turn-key environmental engineering service provider

ing the requirement of any additional

treatment.

CSCA not only provides expertise in

wastewater management and environ-

mental engineering but in environmen-

tal spill response and aviation. The avail-

ability of our own helicopter to respond

to spills, leaks or emergencies allows us

to respond and assess the scene quickly

and efficiently. We have specialized sam-

pling and monitoring equipment, as well

as a mobile treatment unit to allow for

sampling, initial lab analysis on-scene

and treatment of contaminated or waste-

water if necessary.

Additionally, CSCA has experience in

performing environmental site-specific

assessments of facilities and their equip-

ment for potential risks associated with

spills, leaks and/or emergencies. CSCA

can provide training and information

seminars at company facilities or work

sites to inform of regulative responsibili-

ties, as well as give proper training and

steps for initial spill response to be taken

by company and employees in the event

ofaspill,leakand/oremergency.

For more information on our firm

and the services we provide, please visit

our website at www.canadianshieldcon-

sultants.com, or feel free to call at (866)

691-0424. You can also visit our office

for a consultation with one of our pro-

fessionals.

CSCA not only provides expertise in wastewater management and environmental engineering but in environmental spill response and aviation.

Spring 2016 15

It is no secret that the year 2015 was not one of the best for On-tario’s mining industry due to the combined effects of low metal commodity prices and some continuing opposition from the en-vironmental community.

However, in spite of these circumstances, optimism regarding

the likelihood of growing long-term demand for metals remains

high, and it appears the industry stands to gain markedly from a

lower Canadian dollar which increases Canadian currency reve-

nues from mining production as well as substantial benefits from

declining energy costs.

As a result, many mining companies are looking past the recent

difficult period and are planning ahead for renewed growth and

profitability. Given the number of exploration, development and

mining companies operating within the province, space does not

permit a thorough listing of all ongoing activities. However, the

specific company activities listed below1 are meant to illustrate

the type and extent of Ontario mining project planning.

Lake Shore Gold Corp. operates two mines in the Timmins

area, the Timmins West Mine and the Bell Creek Mine. Both are

underground mining operations, and gold production during

2015 amounted to approximately 178,000 ounces. Going for-

ward, Lake Shore is continuing to explore its 144 Gap Zone at the

Timmins West Mine and plans to release a new resource estimate

for that zone during the first quarter of 2016. They also plan to

continue drilling on the 144 Trend during this year. Additionally,

the company is working to advance their Gold River Project lo-

cated south of the 144 Gap Zone.

Wesdome Gold Mines Ltd. is an active gold mine with two

Ontario projects, the producing Eagle River Complex near Wawa

and the developmental Moss Lake property located to the west

of Thunder Bay. Gold production in 2015 amounted to 50,712

ounces from Eagle River, and the company has announced plans

to increase mill throughput from a current level of 900 tonnes per

day (tpd) to 1,380 tonnes per day by the second half of 2017 while

gold recovery is planned to reach a range of 74,000 to 82,000 by

2018. Looking forward, exploration work is currently in progress

with the potential to double mine life at both the Eagle River

underground mine and the Mishi open pit.

An important consolidation initiated in late 2015 and conclud-

ed in early 2016, which was the acquisition of St. Andrew Gold-

fields Ltd. by Kirkland Lake Gold. The combined company now

possesses important assets located near Kirkland Lake within the

famous Abitibi Greenstone Belt, which is expected to produce

between 260,000 and 310,000 ounces of gold during 2016. In ad-

dition, the company believes there is significant upside explora-

tion and development potential. During 2016, particular focus

will be placed on three main areas at the flagship Macassa Mine

Complex.

Farther to the north, Detour Gold is operating its Detour Lake

Mine located 185 kilometres northeast of Cochrane which has

been in commercial production since 2013. The mine is currently

producing gold at a rate of approximately 500,000 ounces per

year which is expected to increase to more than 600,000 ounces

per year from 2016 to 2018, with an estimated mine life of 23

years. The company continues to plan exploration and develop-

ment programs going forward, and 2016 plans include about

60,000metresofdrillingatZone58attheDetourMine;8,000to

10,000metresat theLowerDetour trend;andanother5,000 to

7,000 metres at other regional targets.

Premier Gold Mines Ltd. is planning renewed activity active in

two areas of Ontario as they strive to advance their two Ontario

projects, the Trans-Canada property near Geraldton in partner-

ship with Centerra Gold and the Rahill-Bonanza property near

Red Lake in partnership with Goldcorp. Trans-Canada is an

advanced project on which a preliminary economic assessment

(PEA) points toward development of a gold mine with estimated

production at 200,000 ounces per year and a mine life of 15 years.

Plans for 2016 include completion of a mineral resource estimate

in the first quarter 2016 and release of a feasibility study during

the first half of 2016.

New Gold Inc. is planning to move their Rainy River project

toward production by spending approximately $375 million

(CAD$300 million) during 2016. These expenditures will focus

on process plant production, tailings dam construction, contin-

ued commissioning of their mobile fleet and a ramp-up of pre-

production mining activities.

These projects – and there are many others within the prov-

ince – serve to demonstrate the faith industry leaders have in the

future of Ontario mining. While there are indeed obvious risks,

there are also evident possible rewards – including making a last-

ing contribution toward both economic and human develop-

ments within Ontario.

footnotES:1 Information has been obtained from corporate news releases,

presentations and other website information deemed to be

reliable.

Can’t hold the Ontario mining industry down

By Leonard Melmanbb


One of the key areas that the Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation (CEMI) is working on is exploration (new depos-its, expanded mines) and geophysics, both surface and underground, which is strate-gically important to mining sustainability. A partnership between CEMI, Wallbridge Mining Company Limited and Western University (Western) has been established to study one of the most important mining districts in Canada – the Sudbury Struc-ture. This partnership is supported with funding from the Natural Sciences and En-gineering Research Council of Canada, the Ontario Centres of Excellence and Mitacs.

Since the discovery of nickel-copper

ores in 1883, the Sudbury region has

grown to be the largest and most profitable

mining district in North America, with

past production plus current inventory,

using today’s prices, estimated at $400 bil-

lion. Together with Wallbridge exploration

staff, the project involves seven graduate

students, three post-doctoral fellows and

several undergraduate students work-

ing alongside Dr. Gordon Osinski of the

Western University. Other collaborators at

Western have been brought on board, in-

cluding Dr. Neil Banerjee, Dr. Audrey Bou-

vier, Dr. Richard Grieve, Dr. Robert Linnen

and Dr. Philip McCausland.

In June 2015, Dr. Osinski was awarded

a renewal of his NSERC IRC (industrial

researchchair).NamedtheNSERC/MDA/

CSA/CEMI industrial research chair in

Earth and space exploration, the award for

$750,000 covers a five-year period.

The primary research goal is to further

the understanding of large-scale impact-

related processes and structures that con-

trol mineralization in the more non-tra-

ditional Cu-Ni-PGE ore deposits located

The search for unconventional oresat the Sudbury StructureBy Shannon Katary

Adam Brody coulter, regional geologic mapping for Wallbridge Mining company.

Spring 2016 17

Since the discovery of nickel-copper ores in 1883, the Sudbury region has grown to be the largest and most profitable mining district in North America.

distal to the Sudbury Igneous Complex

(SIC) footwall contact at the Sudbury im-

pact structure. The research aims to answer

a series of questions concerning the origin

of the so-called “Sudbury breccia”, host to

footwall vein deposits, and Offset Dykes at

Sudbury and their mineralization. Several

competing models exist for the origin of

both the Sudbury breccia and the Offset

Dykes, which prevents the development of

robust exploration strategies.

This project involves significant field-

work, with mapping, sampling and geo-

physical surveying, and is aided by remote-

sensing data and the use of modern field

portable instrumentation (e.g. X-ray fluo-

rescence) and data collection platforms

(e.g. GIS-enabled PDAs and tablets). The

field component of this research is focused

on investigating the underlying structural

controls on the emplacement of the Offset

Dykes and offset ore bodies and the Sud-

bury breccia. Detailed mapping of out-

crops is being conducted in order to deter-

mine how the different Offset Dyke phases

relate to one another, to the SIC and to

sulfide mineralization.

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The key to success.

Follow-on laboratory work conducted at

Western University is largely being carried

out in the new Earth and Planetary Materi-

als Analysis Laboratory (epma.uwo.ca). The

centrepiece of this lab is a state-of-the-art

field emission electron microprobe, which

provides imaging and analyses capabilities

at the micron to nanometre scale. When

coupled with regular optical microscopy

and bulk geochemical analyses, this labo-

ratory work seeks to understand the origin

of the different Sudbury breccia and Offset

Dyke phases and, in particular, the origin of

the sulfides and the controls on mineraliza-

tion. The goal is to establish a set of criteria

to determine what makes a particular Sud-

bury breccia and Offset Dyke locality more

likely to host economic mineralization.

This innovative research also utilized

knowledge from other meteorite impact

craters on Earth and Mars to better under-

stand the Sudbury Structure which, at about

200 kilometres in original diameter and 1.85

billion years in age, is one of the largest and

oldest meteorite impact craters on Earth.

“Gord and his team are showing that by

combining diligent field investigations with

modern remote sensing and lab-scale labo-

ratory technologies new insights into the

origins of valuable ore deposits are still pos-

sible, even in 100-year old mining camps,”

says Damien Duff, vice-president of geosci-

ence and geotechnical research and develop-

ment at CEMI.

For more information on this project and

others, visit www.cemi.ca.


Unimin Canada aims to build on its deep local roots through a modernization proj-ect designed to reinforce the international mining company’s commitments to the Canadian market.

The proposed project, which calls for

state-of-the-art noise reduction technology

as well as reduced energy consumption and

water usage, would consolidate Unimin’s

existing plants in Blue Mountain and Ne-

phton, Ont., into a modernized plant at the

Blue Mountain location. Unimin currently

mines and processes Canadian nepheline, a

premier deposit of the rare and highly val-

ued industrial mineral, at these two sites.

“Our modernization plans, once ap-

proved and implemented, will allow us to

better serve our customers, reinforce our

commitments to the communities where

we work and live and enhance our envi-

ronmental stewardship,” says Carl Horvat,

Unimin’s regional general manager.

Canadian nepheline is processed in an

environmentally friendly manner without

toxic chemicals. Its characteristics make it

the ideal building block for many house-

hold and industrial products common to

everyday life, including plastics, fibreglass

and ceramics.

These factors resonate well with Uni-

min’s customers, the majority of which are

Unimin Canada invests for the long termcanadian nepheline, mined in Ontario’s Kawartha region since 1935, will continue with the proposed modernization of Unimin’s Blue Mountain siteBy T.K. Kramasz

canadian nepheline, prized for its versatile performance properties, is cost-effective in its production processes with minimal environmental impact.

Spring 2016 19

Increased use in all major markets, including glass, ceramics, coatings and plastics, is expected to elevate demand for canadian nepheline around the world.

abroad. They also put Unimin’s local op-

erations on the world map.

“Canadian nepheline has the highest

alumina content of any other deposit in

the world. That’s its key attraction,” says

Bob Marshall, plant manager for Unimin

Canada. “Alumina is very important in the

making of glass and ceramics. It reduces

the amount of energy its manufacturers

need to use as well as improving the quality

of the finished products.”

Modernizing Unimin’s Blue Mountain

operation would ensure that the company

maximizes the use of this valuable min-

eral. The plans, once approved, would also

reduce its use of water and consumption

of electricity. It will take about four to six

years to complete the modernization, at

which time the Blue Mountain site sister-

operation at Nephton will close down.

“Since we’ll be operating one quarry, the

overall scope and environmental footprint

of our operations will drop dramatically,”

says Marshall. “This new level of efficiency

and worldwide demand for our product

will ensure that our commitment to oper-

ating in this area will continue for decades

to come.”

Likewise, Unimin’s commitment to envi-

ronmental stewardship will continue under

modernization.

“Helping the environment is not new to

us,” says Cynthia Jamieson, Unimin’s envi-

ronmental manager. “We excel at business

decisions that help the environment, and

consolidating our operations will further re-

duce our environmental footprint.”

Unimin Corporation, part of the world-

wide Sibelco Group, is one of North Amer-

ica’s leading producers and distributors of

non-metallic industrial minerals, including

quartz, feldspar, nepheline syenite, calcium

carbonate, clay, kaolin, lime and limestone.

For more information on the moderniza-

tion of the Blue Mountain operation, visit

www.canadiannepheline.com. Visitors can

also register to receive updates.


Since acquiring the Serpent River prop-erty in 2006, International Montoro Re-sources Inc. has been building up data on it slowly and steadily. The company’s lat-est 2015 program on the Elliot Lake-area property saw two holes drilled to depths of 1,005 and 1,317 metres respectively. Results from the two holes – PDH No. 1 and PDH No. 2 – are indicative of a po-tentially significant Ni-Cu-PGE mineral deposit.

from thErE to hErEThe 1,840-hectare Serpent River prop-

erty, which is located about 15 kilometres

from Elliot Lake, has long been consid-

ered a potential uranium deposit. Histori-

cally, the property was shown to contain

significant uranium mineralization. In-

formation predating NI43-101 showed

an indicated resource of 20,000,000 tons

grading 0.037 per cent U308 or 14,800,000

pounds U308. This estimate was based on

very limited drilling. Montoro’s own drill-

ing on the property has found uranium

values in mineralized quartz pebble con-

glomerates consistent with these historic

results. But a 2009 summary of Ontario

Geological Survey field work showed a

strong geophysical anomaly on the claims

that were previously thought to be caused

by iron formation. New interpretations of

the Pecors Anomaly concluded it may be

the result of a mafic-ultramafic body that

could contain contact-style nickel-cop-

per-PGE mineralization similar to that

found near Sudbury. Sediment sampling

from nearby Pecors Lake has since shown

high levels of nickel and chromium, which

lent further weight to the analysis.

Serpent River update proves promising

Drill hole no. 2 cross section.

By Melanie Franner

Drill hole no 1. cross section.

Spring 2016 21

rECEnt WorkAdditional airborne surveying and sub-

sequent 3D modelling helped Montoro

narrow the focus of its work to a concen-

trated area on the Serpent River property

– now commonly known as the Pecors

Anomaly – an inversion block measur-

ing approximately seven kilometres long

by three kilometres wide. In the spring of

2015, the company then set about with a

diamond-drill program.

“We drilled the first hole because it was

located at the shallowest point where we

expected to intersect the interpreted gab-

bro unit, the rock type which could host

potential Ni, Cu and PGE mineralization

within the Pecors Anomaly,” explains Gary

Musil, president and CEO of International

Montoro Resources. “We drilled the sec-

ond hole approximately 650 metres north-

west of PDH No. 1 at the point where the

magnetic intensity in the Pecors Anomaly

was the highest and in an area where we in-

terpreted that a possible feeder dike could

enter the magma chamber.”

As a result of a combination of the drill-

ing and the use of down-hole probing

technology, two distinct conductive anom-

alies were detected and modelled from

PDH No. 2. At down-hole depths of about

580 to 590 metres, this shallow anomaly

was 75 metres (246 feet) from the hole and

coincides with the contact between the

Huronian conglomerate and basalt. The

second anomaly detected at 975 to 1,021

metres was only 70 metres (230 feet) from

the hole and it coincides with a thick gab-

bro unit.

The main objective of the drilling and

probing program was to better understand

the geology and nature of the VTEM mag-

netic anomaly identified during the air-

borne survey and the 3D interpretation of

the anomaly. On that score, the program

paid off.

“The program was successful and the

information obtained from the drill pro-

gram will be very useful in the planning of

a further exploration program,” says Don

Hawke, consulting geologist for Montoro.

“Although only anomalous values of Ni-

Cu-PGE were received in the two holes, I

remain optimistic that the results obtained

through the recent programs give further

evidence that the Pecors target may host a

new deposit type in the Elliot Lake mining

camp.”

nExt StEpSAccording to Musil, Montoro has two op-

tions available in the immediate future.

“One, we could go back down, re-enter

PDH No. 2 and then wedge off the hole near

the anomalies in order to try to attain more

data and intersect the conductors,” he ex-

plains. “Or, the more likely, a second option,

is to use AMT magnetotelluric technology,

which will allow us to conduct the survey

from the surface in order to provide a better

picture of any conductive targets within the

Pecors magnetic anomaly itself. This type of

technology can provide data to a depth of

about two kilometres.”

Musil adds that both options can be con-

ducted at any time, even in the winter.

“We will focus on getting financing in

place to move forward with either one or

both options later this winter or early in the

spring,” he concludes.

Pecors Anomaly

www.montororesources.comPh: 604-683-6648


Leisure Farms Construction Limited always does its best

about LfCFor more than 15 years, Leisure Farms Construction

Ltd. has been a full-service, 365-day contractor based in

northern Ontario. We have been providing exceptional

expertise with design, site layout, architecture and man-

agement of installing and erecting pre-engineered build-

ings into custom-designed structures to suit our clients’

specifications. Our unmatched versatility and mobility

gives us the ability to build locally and in remote loca-

tions throughout the province of Ontario and fully meet

our clients’ needs.

Our mandate is to provide superior workmanship

and, as such, we are aligned with the best pre-engineered

building suppliers and only employ the best tradesmen

in their respective fields to achieve superior results.

We maintain a high level of safety, quality, planning

and meeting and/or exceeding our clients’ projects and

schedules as we take a vested interest in helping our cli-

ents build success.

Our LFC team has the experience, knowledge and ex-

pertise to install and erect any pre-engineered building

to suit your expectations and custom specifications. Our

LFC team includes millwright certified workers, veter-

an-skilled welders, detail-driven carpenters and various

other skilled tradesmen who are highly focused, dedi-

cated and well-versed in their respective fields. You can

be assured that every design project is met with a strong

desire for success, and our LFC team is very proud of our

achievements and the finished builds.

Our mandate is to provide superior workmanship and, as such, we are aligned with the best pre-engineered building suppliers and only employ the best tradesmen in their respective fields to achieve superior results.

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Spring 2016 23

Index to Advertisers

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fabrIC buILDIngSBritespan fabric buildings have unlimited potential and uses, and are

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ALS Minerals ................................................................5Bureau Veritas Minerals ...............................................2Canadian Shield Consultants Agency Inc. ...................2City Welding Sudbury (2015) Limited ......................12International Montoro Resources Inc.........................21Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. ..............................................11Leisure Farms Construction Ltd. .................................23PARO Centre For Women’s Enterprise ........................13Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada ..OBCUnimin Canada Ltd. ...................................................19

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Documents

Ontario Mining Review Spring 2016