On the General Nature of Physical Objects and their Interactions, as Suggested by the Properties of Argumentally-Coupled Oscillating Systems Danil Doubochinski and Jonathan Tennenbaum

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  • 8/9/2019 On the General Nature of Physical Objects and their Interactions, as Suggested by the Properties of Argumentally-C

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    Ko qci Gioiufm Ofqyui kh ^crpb`fm Keli`qp foa qcibu Boqiuf`qbkop-

    fp Pyggipqia er qci uk~iuqbip kh Fugydioqfmmr$@ky~mia Kp`bmmfqbog Prpqidp

    Afobm Akyek`cbopjb foa Lkofqcfo Qiooioefyd

    Vyfoqbs $ Pk`bq ai Ui`ciu`ci iq Aximk~~idioq io Qi`cobvyi Xbeufqkbui38- Uyi ai Wfqqbgobip- 79>65 ^fubp- Hufo`i

    akyek`cbopjbNckqdfbm/`kd : qiooioefydNaiebqim/oiq

    Qci wkuj ui~kuqia ciui kubgbofqip bo qci abp`kxiur- hkyu ai`faip fgk- kh f ~uixbkypmr$

    yojokwo qr~i kh pimh$kugfob|bog boqiuf`qbko fdkog kp`bmmfqbog prpqidp $$ pk$`fmmiafugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop $$ foa kh vyfoqb|ia dkaip kh eicfxbku bo df`ukp`k~b`

    fugydioqfmmr$`ky~mia kp`bmmfqkup- cfxbog ok ivybxfmioq bo qci `mfppb`fm qcikur kh kp`bmmfqbkop

    Z1$63T/ Fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbko bp `cfuf`qiub|ia er qci ~uk~iuqr- qcfq qci is`cfogi kh ioiugr bpuigymfqia er ~cfpi$huivyio`r$fd~mbqyai hmy`qyfqbkop bo qci ~fuqb`b~fqbog kp`bmmfqbog prpqidp-

    wcbmi if`c kh qcid k~iufqip fq xiur oifumr bqp kwo ~uk~iu huivyio`r foa uiqfbop #bo qci difo"bqp `cfuf`qiubpqb` arofdb` ~fufdiqiup/ Fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop `fo ei aidkopqufqia bo f

    xfubiqr kh imi`qukdi`cfob`fm aixb`ip- qci pbd~mipq kh wcb`c eimkogp bo ixiur ~crpb`p

    `mfppukkd< F ~ioaymyd #6 C|" boqiuf`qbog wbqc fo fmqiuofqbog$`yuuioq imi`qukdfgoiq #0>$6>>>

    C|"- foa ~kppippbog f abp`uiqi piubip kh pqfemi fd~mbqyaip/ Qci fugydioqfm di`cfobpd mbip fqqci efpbp kh f pi`koa uidfujfemi ~ciokdioko- abp`kxiuia fukyoa qci pfdi qbdi< wcio ~mf`ia

    bo f cbgc$huivyio`r ID hbima- imi`qub`fm uipkofqkup #py`c fp M@U `bu`ybqp"- `ky~mia qk if`c

    kqciu er boay`qbxi- `f~f`bqfqbxi foa uipbpqbxi `ky~mbogp foa huii qk dkxi bo p~f`i yoaiu qci

    bohmyio`i kh qci `kuuip~koabog ~koaiukdkqbxi hku`ip- pckw qci qioaio`r qk guky~ qcidpimxip

    boqk pqfemi p~fqbfm `kohbgyufqbkop Z62$51T/

    Fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop wiui qci pyeli`q kh isqiopbxi is~iubdioqfm- oydiub`fm foa qcikuiqb`fm

    boxipqbgfqbkop ayubog qci 627>p foa 623>p- ui~kuqia dfbomr bo Pkxbiq ~crpb`p lkyuofmp/ Fdkog

    kqciu qcbogp- uipifu`c uixifmia pqubjbog pbdbmfubqbip eiqwiio qci eicfxbku kh fugydioqfmmr$

    `ky~mia df`ukp`k~b` kp`bmmfqkup- foa qci vyfoqyd eicfxbku kh fqkdp foa kqciu db`uk~crpb`fm

    keli`qp/ Fq qci pfdi qbdi bq wfp aidkopqufqia qcfq fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop `fo ~ukxbai foihhb`bioq di`cfobpd hku qci pimh$kugfob|bog `ky~mbog foa qufophiu kh ioiugr eiqwiiokp`bmmfqbog prpqidp wckpi huivyio`bip `fo abhhiu er pixiufm kuaiup kh dfgobqyai/ Qcipi

    uipymqp- wcbmi `yubkypmr mbqqmi$jokwo bo qci p`bioqbhb` `kddyobqr qkafr- cfxi mia qk pkdi

    pbgobhb`foq qi`cokmkgb`fm aiximk~dioqp kh `yuuioq boqiuipq Z59$52T/

    Bo ui`ioq rifup qci ~uipioq fyqckup cfxi eiio lkboqmr ~yupybog oiw mboip kh boxipqbgfqbko boqk

    fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop foa qcibu ~kppbemi pbgobhb`fo`i hku qci hkyoafqbkop kh ~crpb`p/ Fdkog

    kqciu qcbogp- qci pqyar kh fugydioqfmmr$`ky~mia kp`bmmfqkup pyggipqia qk qci fyqckup f oiw

    gioiufm wfr kh mkkjbog fq ~crpb`fm keli`qp- qcibu boqiuf`qbkop foa qcibu fgguigfqbxi #pk`bfm"

    eicfxbku fp dfobhipqia ko fmm p`fmip kh kepiuxfqbko/ Wi eimbixi qcbp oiw xbiw~kboq- wcb`c

    abhhiup pbgobhb`foqmr ekqc hukd qcfq kh `mfppb`fm ~crpb`p foa hukd vyfoqyd qcikur fp ~uipioqmryoaiupqkka- dbgcq mifa qk f dkui `kciuioq yoaiupqfoabog kh dfor ofqyufm ~ciokdiof wcb`c

    yoqbm okw cfxi eiio pqyabia komr bo f ~bi`idifm hfpcbko foa hukd abxiugioq ~kboqp kh xbiw bo

    ~crpb`p- `cidbpqur- fpqukokdr foa ebkmkgr/ Wi `kopbaiu bq f pquiogqc kh kyu f~~ukf`c qcfq bq

    fukpi okq hukd fepquf`q p~i`ymfqbko- eyq hukd qci abp`kxiur kh `ko`uiqi ~crpb`fm ~ciokdiof/

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    Bo kuaiu qk dfji qci fyqckup qufbo kh qckygcq boqimmbgbemi qk qci uifaiu okq hfdbmbfu wbqc qci

    hbima kh fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop- wi cfxi `kdeboia qci ~uipioqfqbko kh kyu baifp wbqc fo

    isqioaia uixbiw kh is~iubdioqfm foa qcikuiqb`fm uipymqp ko fugydioqfmmr$`ky~mia kp`bmmfqkupfoa qci fppk`bfqia Df`ukp`k~b` Vyfoqb|fqbko Ihhi`q #DVI"/ Kyu uixbiw piuxip qci

    faabqbkofm ~yu~kpi kh boqukay`bog qcbp mbqqmi$jokwo- eyq dkpq boqiuipqbog hbima kh uipifu`c qk f

    eukfaiu p`bioqbhb` fyabio`i/

    Kyu ~f~iu bp kugfob|ia fp hkmmkwp/ Qci hbupq qwk pi`qbkop aifm wbqc qci ~ciokdiokmkgr kh

    fugydioqfmmr$`ky~mia prpqidp foa qci ~crpb`fm di`cfobpd yoaiumrbog qci idiugio`i kh%vyfoqb|ia% kp`bmmfqkur uigbdip bo py`c prpqidp- ypbog qci fugydioqfm ~ioaymyd fp fo

    bmmypqufqbko/ Qci abp`yppbko kh qci ~ioaymyd dfr piid f ebq qiabkyp qk pkdi uifaiup- eyq bp

    boabp~iopfemi hku gfbobog f ~crpb`fm gufp~ kh ckw fugydioqfm `ky~mbog f`qyfmmr wkujp/ Qci

    qcbua pi`qbko pyddfub|ip uipymqp `ko`iuobog fokqciu p~i`bhb` `fpi kh guifq qcikuiqb`fm boqiuipq foa 6>>> C|/ Qci `ky~mbog kh qci ~ioaymyd wbqc

    qci dfgoiqb` hbima uipymqp bo fo kp`bmmfqbog prpqid cfxbog f abp`uiqi fuufr kh pqfemi uigbdip-

    if`c `kuuip~koabog qk f p~i`bhb` fd~mbqyai kh vyfpb$pqfqbkofur kp`bmmfqbko kh qci ~ioaymyd/ Bo

    if`c kh qckpi uigbdip qci ~ioaymyd kp`bmmfqip wbqc f huivyio`r oifu qk bqp yoabpqyueia ~uk~iu

    huivyio`r/

    Fo ippioqbfm `koabqbko hku qcbp vyfoqb|fqbko ~ciokdioko bp qci pqukog p~fqbfm bockdkgioibqrkh qci dfgoiqb` hbima kh qci pkmiokba< qci hbima isiuqp f pbgobhb`foq bohmyio`i ko qci ~ioaymydkomr wbqcbo f ofuukw boqiuf`qbko |koi fukyoa qci pkmiokba- kyqpbai kh wcb`c qci hbima

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    pquiogqc auk~p uf~bamr qk |iuk/ Qcbp bockdkgioibqr ~iudbqp qci ~ioaymyd qk uigymfqi bqp kwo

    is`cfogi kh ioiugr wbqc qci fmqiuofqbog hbima xbf pdfmm pcbhqp #hmy`qyfqbkop" bo bqp ~cfpiuimfqbxi qk qcfq kh qci hbima/

    Qci abhhiuioqbfm ivyfqbko aip`ubebog qcbp prpqid cfp qci ~uk~iuqr- qcfq qci fogymfu `kkuabofqi

    kh qci ~ioaymyd f~~ifup bo qci fugydioq kh qci hyo`qbko aihbobog qci hku`i f`qbog ko qci

    ~ioaymyd/ Qcbp wfp qci kubgbofm uifpko hku qci qiudp %fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbko% foa

    %fugydioqfm `ky~mbog%- wcb`c `fdi qk ei f~~mbia qk f wckmi `mfpp kh kp`bmmfqbog prpqidp-

    pcfubog f `kddko di`cfobpd kh pimh$uigymfqbko xbf ~cfpi$huivyio`r$fd~mbqyai hmy`qyfqbkop/

    Piqqbog qci ~ioaymyd boqk dkqbko- qci hkmmkwbog eicfxbku bp ifpr qk kepiuxi/

    6/ Wcio uimifpia hukd for gbxio ~kpbqbko- qci ~ioaymydp dkqbko ixkmxip boqk f pqfemi- xiur

    oifumr ~iubkab` kp`bmmfqbko- wckpi fd~mbqyai eimkogp qk f abp`uiqi piq kh ~kppbemi xfmyip #Hbg/

    5"/5/ Bo if`c kh qci pqfemi dkaip- qci ~ioaymydp hub`qbkofm mkppip kxiu f gbxio ~iubka kh

    kp`bmmfqbko fui `kd~iopfqia bo f pimh$uigymfqia hfpcbko er f qufophiu kh ioiugr hukd qci hbimakh qci pkmiokba- qciuier pypqfbobog qci ~ioaymydp kp`bmmfqbko bo f vyfpb$pqfqbkofur uigbdi

    oifu qk bqp kwo ofqyufm huivyio`r/

    0/ Qci oydeiu kh fxfbmfemi pqfemi kp`bmmfqbko uigbdip foa qci xfmyip kh qci `kuuip~koabog

    fd~mbqyaip- ai~ioa pqukogmr ko qci huivyio`r kh qci fmqiuofqbog `yuuioq bo qci pkmiokba/ Qci

    cbgciu qci huivyio`r- qci mfugiu qci oydeiu kh pqfemi uigbdip qcfq `fo ei is`bqia/ Qci pqfemi

    uigbdip `kuuip~koa qk ~iubkap kh qci ~ioaymyd wcb`c fui `mkpi qk fo kaa$oydeiu boqigufmdymqb~mi kh qci ~iubka kh qci fmqiuofqbog dfgoiqb` hbima- foa fq qci pfdi qbdi okq hfu hukd qci

    ~ioaymydp ~uk~iu- yoabpqyueia ~iubka/

    1/ Qci ~ioaymyd'p dkqbko bo f gbxio uigbdi bp oixiu pqub`qmr ~iubkab`- eyq `kopqfoqmr

    hmy`qyfqip pmbgcqmr bo ~cfpi- huivyio`r foa fd~mbqyai fukyoa `iuqfbo pqfemi fxiufgi xfmyip/

    Qcipi hmy`qyfqbkop fui ippioqbfm qk qci di`cfobpd kh pqfebmbqr kh qci vyfoqb|ia kp`bmmfqkur

    uigbdip/

    9/ Qci xfmyip kh qci vyfoqb|ia pqfemi fd~mbqyaip fui ~uf`qb`fmmr boai~ioaioq kh qci pquiogqckh qci fmqiuofqbog `yuuioq py~~mbia qk qci imi`qukdfgoiq- kxiu f xiur mfugi ufogi/ Qci

    ~ioaymyd `kd~iopfqip hku `cfogip bo qci pquiogqc kh qci dfgoiqb` hbima- er pmbgcqmr falypqbogbqp dkdioqp kh ioqur boqk qci |koi kh boqiuf`qbko #b/i/ bqp ~cfpi uimfqbxi qk qcfq kh qci

    fmqiuofqbog `yuuioq py~~mbia qk qci pkmiokba"- wcbmi dfboqfbobog fmdkpq isf`qmr qci pfdi

    fxiufgi fd~mbqyai foa huivyio`r/ Bh wi gufayfmmr uiay`i qci pquiogqc kh qci `yuuioq bo qci

    imi`qukdfgoiq- wi uif`c f qcuipckma eimkw wcb`c qci gbxio uigbdi `fo ok mkogiu py~~kuq

    bqpimh- foa qci ~ioaymyd ai`frp boqk f mkwiu$ioiugr pqfqi/

    Bo fo bd~uippbxi xfubfoq kh qci ~ioaymyd is~iubdioq- f wckmi fuufr kh ~ioaymf kh abhhiuioq

    miogqcp bp dfboqfboia bo vyfpb$pqfqbkofur kp`bmmfqbko- if`c oifu bqp kwo ofqyufm huivyio`r foa

    fq for koi kh bqp kwo abp`uiqi piq kh pqfemi fd~mbqyaip- er boqiuf`qbko wbqc qci hbima kh f pbogmi

    imkogfqia pkmiokba hia wbqc fmqiuofqbog `yuuioq kh f pbogmi huivyio`r #Hbg/ 0"/

    Pixiufm kqciu qr~ip kh fugydioqfm kp`bmmfqkup wbqc vyfoqb|ia fd~mbqyaip `fo ei keqfboia fp

    xfubfqbkop ko qci fugydioqfm ~ioaymyd/ Hku isfd~mi- bh wi ui~mf`i qci ~ioaymyd er f

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    ukqfqbog ckub|koqfm efu- wi keqfbo fo fugydioqfm ukqku cfxbog f abp`uiqi piq kh vyfpb$

    pqfqbkofur ukqfqbko p~iiap/ Fokqciu boqiuipqbog xfubfoq bp qk ui~mf`i qci ~ioaymyd er f vyfpb$mboifu di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku- kh qci qr~i kh f efmfo`i wciim kh f `mk`j/

    F ~fuqb`ymfumr bd~kuqfoq isfd~mi- abhhb`ymq qk uifmb|i is~iubdioqfmmr eyq kh guifq qcikuiqb`fm

    boqiuipq- bp qci fugydioqfm fofmkg kh qci imidioqfur kp`bmmfqku wcb`c Dfs ^mfo`j id~mkria

    bo cbp kubgbofm boxipqbgfqbko kh qci p~i`quyd kh emf`jekar ufabfqbko Z6T< F dfpp `fuurbog fo

    imi`qub` `cfugi- hbsia fq qci ioa kh f p~ubog foa huii qk kp`bmmfqi bo qci s$abui`qbko- boqiuf`qp

    wbqc fo imi`qukdfgoiqb` wfxi$hbima ~uk~fgfqbog fmkog qci pfdi fsbp #Hbg/ 1"/ Boxipqbgfqbkop

    er dfqcidfqb`fm foa `kd~yqfqbkofm diqckap pckwia qcfq wcio qci wfxi huivyio`r bp mfugi

    `kd~fuia qk qci ~uk~iu huivyio`r kh qci kp`bmmfqku- qci boqiuf`qbko kh qci kp`bmmfqbog `cfugi

    wbqc qci mkogbqyabofm hku`i isiuqia er qci wfxi hbima- fyqkdfqb`fmmr gbxip ubpi qk f abp`uiqifuufr kh pqfemi fd~mbqyaip kh qci kp`bmmfqku boai~ioaioqmr kh for vyfoqyd di`cfob`fm

    fppyd~qbkop Z61T/

    Qcikuiqb`fm foa oydiub`fm pqyabip fmpk pckwia- qcfq qci ihhi`q kh vyfoqb|fqbko kh fd~mbqyaip bo

    qci fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbko eiqwiio f di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku foa fo imi`qukdfgoiqb` wfxi akip

    okq ai~ioa y~ko qci ~uipio`i kh abppb~fqbko ku is~mb`bq okomboifubqr kh qci kp`bmmfqku- eyqwkyma k``yu ixio hku fo baifm hub`qbkomipp mboifu kp`bmmfqku/ Qcbp bp fo bd~kuqfoq uipymq/ Qci

    vyfoqb|ia uigbdip fubpbog bo fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop ak okq ui~uipioq abppb~fqbxi pquy`qyuip

    bo qci piopi kh ^ubgkgboi- foa pckyma fmpk okq ei `kohypia wbqc hkudp kh pimh$kugfob|fqbko qcfq

    ai~ioa y~ko pqukog okomboifubqr kh qci `kd~koioq prpqidp/ Wcfq bp ippioqbfm qk qci gioipbp kh

    abp`uiqi uigbdip bo fugydioqfmmr$`ky~mia prpqidp- bp qci ipqfembpcdioq kh f p~i`bhb` hkud khabfmkg eiqwiio qci boqiuf`qbog prpqidp< f abfmkg uifmb|ia qcukygc `kopqfoqmr hmy`qyfqbog-~cfpi$huivyio`r$fd~mbqyai$dkaymfqia is`cfogi foa qufophkudfqbko kh ioiugr/ Qcbp abfmkg

    ~ukxbaip qci pimh$uigymfqbog di`cfobpd dfboqfbobog if`c kh qci vyfpb$pqfqbkofur uigbdip khqci `ky~mia prpqid/

    Qci fugydioqfm di`cfobpd lypq aip`ubeia- gbxip ubpi qk qcuii yobvyi ~uk~iuqbip kh fugydioqfm

    boqiuf`qbkop- qk wcb`c qci fyqckup fqqf`c hyoafdioqfm pbgobhb`fo`i/ Qcipi ~uk~iuqbip fuiippioqbfm qk qci baifp wi pcfmm aiximk~ bo qci hbofm pi`qbko kh qcbp ~f~iu

    `kp#q"

    wciui bp qci huivyio`r kh qci fmqiuofqbog `yuuioq py~~mbia qk qci pkmiokba/ Ciui wi cfxi qci`mfppb`fm `fpi kh afd~ia hku`ia kp`bmmfqbkop yoaiu fo isqiuofm ~iubkab` hku`i/ Gbxio qci mfugi

    abhhiuio`i eiqwiio foa qci ~uk~iu huivyio`r kh qci ~ioaymyd- qci `mfppb`fm fofmrpbp pckwpqcfq mkog$~iubka dkqbkop kh qci ~ioaymyd wbmm ei afd~ia kyq- mifxbog komr pdfmm xbeufqbkop

    fukyoa qci ivybmbeubyd ~kboq fq qci huivyio`r kh qci isqiuofm hbima/

    Fo ioqbuimr abhhiuioq pbqyfqbko fubpip wcio qci bobqbfm dkqbko kh qci ~ioaymyd bp mfugi iokygc

    qk `fuur bq eirkoa qci mbdbqp kh qci boqiuf`qbko |koi/ Bo qcbp `fpi qci isqiuofm hku`i ko qci

    ~ioaymyd `fo ei ui~uipioqia er qci hyo`qbko

    H 4 H#S- q" 4 i#S" H>

    `kp#q"

    wciui S bp qci fogymfu ~kpbqbko kh qci ~ioaymyd foa i#S" bp qci hyo`qbko aihboia er i#S" 4 6wcio $s>

    = S = s>

    #boqiuf`qbko |koi" foa i#S" 4 > kyqpbai qcfq boqiuxfm/ Okw isfdboi qci

    ~ioaymydp dkqbko bo qiudp kh qci py``ippbxi cfmh$~iubkap eiqwiio qci dfsbdyd cibgcqp kh

    qci ~ioaymyd #b/i/ qci dkdioqp fq wcb`c bqp ximk`bqr bp |iuk"/ Bo if`c py`c cfmh$~iubka- qci

    ~ioaymyd aip`ioap bo huii dkqbko hukd bqp dfsbdyd qk qci ~kboq wciui bq ioqiup qci

    boqiuf`qbko |koi/ Qufopbqbog qcukygc qci |koi kh boqiuf`qbko- qci ~ioaymyd is~iubio`ipfmqiuofqimr f``imiufqbog foa ai`imiufqbog bd~ympip hukd bqp boqiuf`qbko wbqc qci fmqiuofqbog

    dfgoiqb` hbima/ Qci oiq gfbo ku mkpp kh ioiugr kh qci ~ioaymyd fp f uipymq kh bqp qufopbq qcukygc

    qci boqiuf`qbko |koi- ai~ioap y~ko qci~cfpip kh qci pkmiokba `yuuioq fq qci dkdioq kh ioqurfoa fq qci dkdioq kh isbq/ Bh qci qufopbq qbdi `kuuip~koap qk fo boqigufmoydeiu kh ~iubkap khqci imi`qukdfgoiq- qcio qci ihhi`qp kh qci f``imiufqbog foa ai`imiufqbog cfmh$~iubkap kh qci

    hbima wbmm `fo`im kyq: eyq bh qci ~ioaymyd mifxip qci |koi kh boqiuf`qbko fhqiu f oko$boqigufmoydeiu kh ~iubkap kh qci imi`qukdfgoiq- uimfqbxi qk qci dkdioq kh ioqur boqk qci |koi- qcioqci ~ioaymyd wbmm is~iubio`i f oiq oko$|iuk f``imiufqbog ku ai`imiufqbog ihhi`q hukd bqp

    boqiuf`qbko wbqc qci fmqiuofqbog hbima/ Isbqbog hukd qci boqiuf`qbko |koi- qci ~ioaymyd fp`ioaphuiimr qk f oiw dfsbdyd cibgcq #bo gioiufm abhhiuioq hukd qci ~ui`iabog koi"- foa qciuifhqiu

    aip`ioap fgfbo bo bqp oisq cfmh$~iubka/

    Bq bp ifpr qk pii qcfq qci hyo`qbkofm uimfqbkopcb~p eiqwiio qci ~cfpip foa fd~mbqyaip hku

    py``ippbxi cfmh$~iubkap fui ufqciu `kd~mb`fqia- foa qci fqqid~q qk `cfuf`qiub|i qci prpqidp

    mkog$qiud ixkmyqbko bo qci gioiufm `fpi ~kpip iokudkyp abhhb`ymqbip/ Eyq f abui`q fofmrpbp bp

    ~kppbemi bo qci p~i`bfm `fpi kh vyfpb$pqfqbkofur uigbdip- wckpi isbpqio`i bp jokwo hukd

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    is~iubdioqp ko uifm fugydioqfm ~ioaymf/

    Fppydbog f dkqbko kh xiur oifumr hbsia fd~mbqyai- wi `fo uigfua qci is`cfogi kh ioiugr

    eiqwiio qci ~ioaymyd foa pkmiokba fp aiqiudboia ippioqbfmmr er ~cfpi uimfqbkop fmkoi/ Qciisbpqio`i kh pqfemi uigbdip ai~ioap y~ko qci hkud kh qci hyo`qbkofm uimfqbkopcb~ eiqwiio qci

    ~cfpi kh ioqur kh qci ~ioaymyd boqk qci boqiuf`qbko |koi #hku f gbxio fd~mbqyai" foa qci oiq

    f``imiufqbko #ku ai`imiufqbko" is~iubio`ia er qci ~ioaymyd bo qufxiupbog qci |koi/ Fmqckygcbq bp ~kppbemi qk ipqfembpc qci isbpqio`i kh pqfemi vyfpb$pqfqbkofur uigbdip kh qci fugydioqfm~ioaymyd er abui`q fofmrpbp kh qcbp hyo`qbkofm uimfqbkopcb~- qci diqcka bp qiabkyp foa cfp qci

    dflku abpfaxfoqfgi- qcfq bq akip okq ifpbmr isqioa qk qci dfor kqciu prpqidp bo wcb`c qci

    Df`ukp`k~b` Vyfoqb|fqbko Ihhi`q `fo ei aidkopqufqia/ Qcbp abpfaxfoqfgi bp uidiabia er qci

    pi`koa f~~ukf`c- wcb`c wi pcfmm ~uipioq bo f dkdioq/

    Bq bp- ckwixiu- vybqi ifpr qk pqfqi f oi`ippfur `koabqbko hku f pqfqbkofur uigbdi- wcb`c bd~mbip

    qcfq qci `kuuip~koabog fd~mbqyaip dypq eimkog qk f abp`uiqi piq kh xfmyip< Bo if`c cfmh$~iubkakh f pqfqbkofur uigbdi- qci ~ioaymyd dypq ui`ibxi qci pfdi ~kuqbko kh ioiugr hukd qci hbimakh qci pkmiokba fp bo qci ~ui`iabog cfmh$~iubka/ Eifubog bo dboa qcfq qci ~ioaymydp abui`qbko

    kh dkqbko uixiupip ixiur cfmh$~iubka- qcbp difop qci ~cfpi kh qci fmqiuofqbog `yuuioq bo qcipkmiokba dypq ei isf`qmr qci k~~kpbqi hukd qci ~ui`iabog dkdioq kh ioqur/ Qcyp- qci qbdi

    eiqwiio py``ippbxi ioqubip boqk qci boqiuf`qbko |koi dypq cfxi qci hkud #d * " - wciui

    4 6+ bp qci ~iubka kh qci pkmiokba `yuuioq- foa d bp pkdi wckmi oydeiu/ Qwb`i qcfq qbdi bp

    ivyfm qk f hymm ~iubka Q kh qci ~ioaymyd- pk wi giq f uimfqbkopcb~ Q 4 #5d * 6" / Qcyp- qci~kppbemi ~iubkap kh pqfqbkofur uigbdip kh qci fugydioqfm ~ioaymyd fui `koqfboia bo qcbp

    abp`uiqi piubip kh xfmyip/ Pbo`i qci ~iubka Q kh f `bu`ymfu ~ioaymyd bo`uifpip fp f hyo`qbko kh

    bqp fd~mbqyai #fobpk`cukob`bqr"- foa pbo`i bp pdfmm `kd~fuia qk qci ~ioaymydp ~uk~iu

    ~iubka- qciui wbmm bo gioiufm isbpq f piubip kh fd~mbqyaip hku wcb`c Q `kbo`baip wbqc fo kaa$oydeiu dymqb~mi kh/ Qcipi fd~mbqyaip `fo ei `fm`ymfqia ypbog qci `mfppb`fm hkudymfp hku qciai~ioaio`r kh qci ~iubka hukd qci fd~mbqyai bo f `bu`ymfu ~ioaymyd- fppydbog qci

    ~ioaymydp fobpk`cukob`bqr bp okq guifqmr fmqiuia er bqp boqiuf`qbko wbqc qci dfgoiqb` hbima/

    Qci xfmyip kh qci abp`uiqi fd~mbqyaip- ipqbdfqia bo qcbp wfr- fui hkyoa qk ei bo f~~uksbdfqi

    fguiidioq wbqc qckpi kh qci pqfemi uigbdip- f`qyfmmr kepiuxia bo is~iubdioqp/ Bo ~uf`qb`i qci

    dkqbko bp oixiu pqub`qmr ~iubkab`- eyq wfoaiup fukyoa qci xfmyip kh ~cfpi- ~iubka foafd~mbqyai `kuuip~koabog qk f pqfqbkofur uigbdi/

    Qcbp fofmrpbp dfjip vyfoqb|fqbko f~~ifu qk ai~ioa ko qci okomboifubqr foa fobpk`cukob`bqr kh

    qci ~ioaymyd/ Bq bp fo is~iubdioqfm hf`q- ckwixiu qcfq qci ~ciokdioko kh vyfoqb|ia pqfemifd~mbqyaip ~iupbpqp fmeibq wbqc abhhiuioq oydiub`fm xfmyip hku qci pqfemi fd~mbqyaip $$ ixio

    wcio qci ~ioaymyd bp ui~mf`ia er f vyfpb$mboifu di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku #py`c fp qci efmfo`i$

    wciim kh f `mk`j" wckpi fobpk`cukob`bqr bp isquidimr pdfmm/ Bo qcbp `fpi vyfoqb|fqbko bp

    `kooi`qia wbqc xfubfqbkop bo qci qufopbq qbdi qcukygc qci |koi kh boqiuf`qbko fp f uipymq kh qci

    kp`bmmfqkup boqiuf`qbko wbqc qci dfgoiqb` hbima/

    Wi okw qyuo qk f pi`koa f~~ukf`c qk qci fofmrpbp kh qci fugydioqfm ~ioaymyd- wcb`c bp dy`c

    dkui eukfamr f~~mb`femi foa bo hf`q mifap qk f gioiufm qcikur kh fugydioqfm boqiuf`qbkop/ Qci

    pi`koa f~~ukf`c eigbop wbqc qci baif kh aip`ubebog qci ~ioaymydp boqiuf`qbko wbqc qci hbima

    kh qci pkmiokba bo qiudp kh fo fd~mbqyai$huivyio`r$~cfpi dkaymfqbko kh bqp kubgbofm huii

    dkqbko/

  • 8/9/2019 On the General Nature of Physical Objects and their Interactions, as Suggested by the Properties of Argumentally-C

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    Hku qcbp ~yu~kpi bq bp ypihym qk fepquf`q hukd qci p~i`bhb` hifqyuip kh qci ~ioaymyd- foa

    `kopbaiu fo fuebqufur koi$abdiopbkofm di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku- mboifu ku okomboifu- qcfq~kppippip f hfdbmr kh ~iubkab` dkqbkop- ai~ioabog ko bobqbfm `koabqbkop- if`c fppk`bfqia wbqc f

    p~i`bhb` fd~mbqyai- huivyio`r foa uimfqbxi ~cfpi/ @ckkpbog f pybqfemi gioiufmb|ia `kkuabofqi

    S hku qci kp`bmmfqku- wi ui~uipioq qci hfdbmr kh dkqbkop er f hyo`qbko S 4 S#F- - - q"- py`c

    qcfq hku if`c piq kh xfmyip #F- - "- S `kopqbqyqip f ~iubkab` hyo`qbko bo q wbqc huivyio`r

    - fd~mbqyai F- foa ~cfpi hf`qku / Wi qcboj kh qcbp hyo`qbko fp ui~uipioqbog qci huii dkqbkopkh qci di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku/ Okw py~~kpi qci kyu di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku boqiuf`qp wbqc f

    ~iubkab`- p~fqbfmmr$bockdkgiokyp hbima wckpi huivyio`r `fo ei kuaiup kh dfgobqyai cbgciuqcfo qci huivyio`r ufogi kh qci di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku- foa qcfq qci ihhi`q kh qci hbima ko qci

    dkqbko kh qci di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku `fo ei aip`ubeia er f abhhiuioqbfm ivyfqbko kh qci hkud

    S * 5S * g#S" 4 h#S" `kp#q" #6"

    Qcbp ivyfqbko bo`myaip qci fugydioqfm ~ioaymyd fp f p~i`bfm `fpi- ofdimr wcio g#S" 4 >

    5

    pboS- h#S" bp qci pqi~$hyo`qbko i#S"H>

    aihboia fekxi- foa bp qci `kihhb`bioq kh abppb~fqbko kh

    qci ~ioaymyd/ Fp bq qyuop kyq- qci Df`ukp`k~b` Vyfoqb|fqbko Ihhi`q bqpimh akip okq ai~ioa

    pqukogmr ko qci ~fuqb`ymfu hkud kh qci hyo`qbko h qcfq is~uippip qci p~fqbfm ai~ioaio`i kh qci

    hbimap f`qbko/ Qci hkud kh qci hyo`qbko akip aiqiudboi qci oydiub`fm xfmyip kh qci

    %vyfoqb|ia% fd~mbqyaip- bo f pkdiwcfq fofmkgkyp hfpcbko qk qci wfr qci hkud kh qci%~kqioqbfm wfmm% aiqiudboip qci xfmyip kh abp`uiqi ioiugr miximp kh f ekyoa ~fuqb`mi bo vyfoqyd

    di`cfob`p/ #Qci ubgcq pbai kh qci ivyfqbko #6" `fo ei ui~mf`ia er f dkui gioiufm hyo`qbko khS foa q- eyq qcbp bp okq kh bd~kuqfo`i hku qci ~uipioq abp`yppbko/"

    Wi oisq fppydi qci ippioqbfm `cfuf`qiubpqb`p kh qci di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqku fui okq guifqmr`cfogia er qci boqiuf`qbko wbqc qci hbima- pk qcfq bqp dkqbko `fo ei `mkpimr f~~uksbdfqia er f

    huii dkqbko S 4 S#F- - - q"- bo wcb`c qci ~fufdiqiup F- - fui ok mkogiu pqub`qmr`kopqfoq- eyq `fo hmy`qyfqi pmkwmr bo qbdi fukyoa `iuqfbo fxiufgi xfmyip/

    Qyuobog qk qci ubgcq pbai kh ivyfqbko #6"- wi `fo okw pii ckw qci di`cfob`fm kp`bmmfqbko

    dkaymfqip qci isqiuofm hbima qk gioiufqi oiw p~i`qufm `kd~koioqp kh qci hbimap f`qbko/ Hku

    for hbsia xfmyip kh F- - - qci hyo`qbko h#S" bp f ~iubkab` hyo`qbko kh q: bq `fo qciuihkui ei

    ui~uipioqia er f Hkyubiu piubip bo q- wckpi `kihhb`bioqp fui hyo`qbkop kh F- - pbo#q $ jS" #9"

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    Wcio S 4 F `kp #q * "- qci ubgcq pbai kh #9" cfp f wimm$jokwo Hkyubiu piubip is~fopbko boqiudp kh qci Eippim hyo`qbkop

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    H>Z`kp #o" Lo#jF" pbo# $ o"q pbo #o" Lo#jF" `kp# $ o"q T #8"

    wciui Lo bp qci Eippim hyo`qbko kh kuaiu o/ Qci fofmrpbp kh qci prpqid ~uk`iiaip er `kd~fubog

    qci ubgcq foa mihq pbaip kh #9"- fppydbog pmkwmr xfurbog xfmyip kh F foa - foa f~~mrbog qcifxiufgbog diqcka kh Jurmkx$Ekgkmryekx$Dbquk~kmpjb/ Wi uihiu qci uifaiu qk Z61T hku aiqfbmp-

    foa pqfqi komr qci dfbo `ko`mypbko ciui

    kh qci mboifu

    kp`bmmfqku- qciui isbpq f piubip kh pqfemi uigbdip kh qci `ky~mia prpqid kh kp`bmmfqku foa wfxi-hku wcb`c qci kp`bmmfqkup huivyio`r bp 4 x+O foa bqp fd~mbqyai Fb bp ivyfm qk lO- b - qci bqc

    isquidyd kh qci Eippim hyo`qbko LO/

    Oydiub`fm `fm`ymfqbkop cfxi `kohbudia qci qcikuiqb`fm fofmrpbp qk gkka f~~uksbdfqbko- wcbmifq qci pfdi qbdi aidkopqufqia qci uidfujfemi hf`q- qcfq qci ~ciokdioko kh vyfoqb|ia

    fd~mbqyaip ~iupbpqp ixio wcio qci `kihhb`bioq kh abppb~fqbko kh qci mboifu kp`bmmfqku bp ivyfmqk |iuk/

    Wi `kopbaiu qcipi uipymqp qk ei kh hyoafdioqfm bd~kuqfo`i/ Qcir pyggipq f ofqyufm ~crpb`fm

    di`cfobpd hku qci idiugio`i kh abp`uiqi ioiugr pqfqip bo qci boqiuf`qbko eiqwiio fo kp`bmmfqku

    foa fo imi`qukdfgoiqb` wfxi- wcb`c bp boai~ioaioq kh qci ~kpqymfqip kh vyfoqyd di`cfob`p/@kyma bq ei qcfq boqiuf`qbkop kh qci fugydioqfm qr~i mbi fq qci kubgbo kh qci ~i`ymbfu ~uk~iuqbipkh db`uk~crpb`fm keli`qp- wcb`c wi fppk`bfqi wbqc ^mfo`jp vyfoqyd kh f`qbko; Wi pcfmm okqfqqid~q qk fopwiu qcbp vyipqbko okw- eyq ~iudbq kyupimxip qci hkmmkwbog uidfuj/

    Aip~bqi bqp iokudkyp py``ippip- vyfoqyd di`cfob`p akip okq ~ukxbai fo boqimmbgbemi

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    foa vyfoqyd ~crpb`p dbgcq hbofmmr ei kxiu`kdi- er f qcikur qfjbog boqk f``kyoq qci ippioqbfmokomboifubqr kh imidioqfur ~crpb`fm ~uk`ippip/ Qci abp`kxiur kh qci Df`ukp`k~b`Vyfoqb|fqbko Ihhi`q bo fugydioqfmmr$boqiuf`qbog kp`bmmfqkup pyggipqp qcfq qci di`cfobpd kh

    vyfoqb|fqbko bo qci db`ukwkuma pckyma ei pkygcq dkui bo qci ~uk`ippip kh boqiuf`qbko kh~crpb`fm keli`qp- qcfo bo qci keli`qp ~iu pi/ Py`c fo f~~ukf`c wkyma ei `mkpiu qk qci kubgbofm

    pqfoa~kboq kh Dfs ^mfo`j- qcfo qci mfqiu #62>9" pyggipqbko er Ibopqibo- f``kuabog qk wcb`c

    imi`qukdfgoiqb` ufabfqbko pckyma ei uigfuaia fp fmuifar vyfoqb|ia- boai~ioaioqmr kh bqp

    boqiuf`qbko wbqc dfqiubfm prpqidp Z5T/

    Ckwixiu- fq qci qbdi Dfs ^mfo`j `fuubia kyq cbp hyoafdioqfm boxipqbgfqbkop ko qci p~i`quyd

    kh emf`jekar ufabfqbko- cbp efpb` dkaim hku qci boqiuf`qbko kh dfqqiu wbqc qci imi`qukdfgoiqb`

    hbima wfp fo fuufr kh Ciuq|bfo kp`bmmfqkup is`cfogbog ioiugr wbqc qci hbima f``kuabog qk

    Dfswimmbfo imi`qukarofdb`p/ Qci ~kppbemi ukmi kh p~fqbfm dkqbko kh qci kp`bmmfqkup wfp okqis~mb`bqmr `kopbaiuia/ Boaiia- qci DVI foa uimfqia ~ciokdiof fubpbog hukd qci boqiu~mfr

  • 8/9/2019 On the General Nature of Physical Objects and their Interactions, as Suggested by the Properties of Argumentally-C

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    eiqwiio di`cfob`fm foa imi`qukdfgoiqb` kp`bmmfqbkop kh abhhiubog huivyio`bip- wiui okq

    jokwo fq qci qbdi kh ^mfo`j foa Ibopqibo/ ^iucf~p qci qbdi bp okw ub~i qk ui`kopbaiu qcipidfqqiup/

    1/ Dymqb~mr$`ky~mia kp`bmmfqkup foa qcibu guky~bog bo pqfemi `kohbgyufqbkop

    Qci fugydioqfm ~ioaymyd foa qci fugydioqfm fofmkg kh ^mfo`jp imidioqfur kp`bmmfqku fui

    komr p~i`bfm `fpip kh f dy`c dkui gioiufm qr~i kh `ky~mbog kh di`cfob`fm foa

    imi`qukdfgoiqb` kp`bmmfqbkop/ Bo qci pfdi ~iubka fp qci bobqbfm boxipqbgfqbkop kh qci

    Df`ukp`k~b` Vyfoqyd Ihhi`q- qci Akyek`cbopjbp foa qcibu `kmmfekufqkup abp`kxiuia f pi`koa

    hyoafdioqfm ~ciokdioko `kooi`qia wbqc qcbp dkui gioiufm hkud kh boqiuf`qbko< qci qioaio`rkh imi`qub`fm kp`bmmfqkup- `ky~mia er dkui qcfo koi hkud kh imi`qukarofdb` `ky~mbog foafmmkwia qk dkxi huiimr bo p~f`i yoaiu qci bohmyio`i kh ~koaiukdkqbxi hku`ip eiqwiio qcid- qkp~koqfoikypmr fppidemi qcidpimxip boqk pqfemi `kohbgyufqbkop Z62$51T/ Qci pbgobhb`fo`i khqcbp abp`kxiur `fo ei piio hukd qci hkmmkwbog uidfujpp- `kyma komrefuimr p`ufq`c qci pyuhf`i kh wcfq bp pyuimr f xiur ub`c foa bd~kuqfoq akdfbo kh pimh$

    kugfob|bog ~ciokdiof/ Bq wkyma ei kh guifq boqiuipq qk hkmmkw y~ ko qckpi boxipqbgfqbkopqkafr- yqbmb|bog qci qi`cokmkgb`fm ~kppbebmbqbip cfxi ei`kdi fxfbmfemi bo qci difoqbdi/

    9/ Qci ~fuqb`b~fqkur$gioiufqbxi `cfuf`qiu kh fugydioqfm `ky~mbog

    Qci is~iubdioqfm foa qcikuiqb`fm uipymqp pyddfub|ia fekxi- pcia mbgcq ko qwk isqufkuabofur

    ~uk~iuqbip kh fugydioqfm `ky~mbog kh kp`bmmfqkup- wcb`c fui fepioq hukd qci `koxioqbkofmhkudp kh `ky~mbog kh kp`bmmfqbog prpqidp