Fossil Bones, 97

Localities.

New Orleans St. Louis Fort I l o w a r d * Fort Woleott Fort Columbus For t Shelling ~ Fort Prcble ~ Fort Niagara ~ Fort Brady Fort Armstrong ~ Fort Monroe ~ Fort Vancouver

1 " , Fort (,d)son ~ Fort t tancock -'~ Council Bluffs >~ West Point \\rashit)gton .1 ell\:rson Barracks :~ _Augusta Arsenal Petile Coquille St. Augustine l)over, N. H. Summerville~ Oa. Natchez I ° w a ' ~ Bloomington~ Mari(:tta - Key Vgest Nashville :' Providence ~' Dartmouth ~,. ] Concord Savannah *

I ~Iean of I Mean ot

Year. I October,

.;To / 6:.11 54.35 / 52.10 45.282| 50.02 50.28 54.~0 53.13 55.85 45.77 49.50 i

i 46.92 49.20 5 1 . 6 9 5S.94

,11.8 :t 46A3 51.57 55.36 61.57 57.58 51.75 54.00 62.90 65.95 41.2l 45.66 51.80 57.41 52.74 52.6(; 55.68 56.4t 57.77 59.18 65.°4 46.76 71.40 73.10

: 79.24 73.61 44.50 46.60 66.52 68,00 67.50 71,60 5-1.20 60.70 51.80 50.94

176.50 77.45 59.00 62.30 46.90 51..3'2 40.10 4`3.08 43.37 49.3:3 66.11 68.60

ieriea of Mean of Obs.

April. years.

69.25 1 58.55 8 43.25 5 45.71 5 49.15 5 42.49 3 45.01 3 47.52 2 37.20 3 51.29 3 64.33 3 46.00 3 61.98 3 43.84 9 47.95 3 50.54 3 53.71 8 56.12 ,3 64.29 3 69.28 3 68.68 3 48.70 7 63.96 1 74.90 1 62.70 i

52.49 10 74.50 7 61.94 2 44.58 2 37.63 3 45.60 10 67.31 2

Observers.

Dr. Barton.

A r m y Register.

et"

¢¢

A. A. Tuffts. Dr. tIolbrook. Dr. H. Tooley. T. S. Parvin. S. P. Hildreth. S. Whitehead. Prof. Hamilton. Prof. Caswell.

M. a. Farmer.

,~binglon~ Ua., flla.y 24lh, 1842.

On Fossil Bones' found on lhe Surface o f a Raised Beach, at the IIo 6 near P13/mouth. B j Da. M o o ~ .

In our reports of the Meeting o f the British Association at Ply- mouth, (~Tthen. No. 721,) an abstract will be found of a paper, by Dr. Moore, on those fossil bones, and a notice of the objections which were made to the au thor ' s inferences. In the memoir read t o t h e Geological Society on the 5th of January , the substance of tile former communicat ion is given, but its principal object is to p rove ,~ l s t , Tha t the bones could not have been derived from the emptying of a cave, bearing all the evidence of having been deposited where they were tbund at a very remote period, and probably long before they could

VOL. IV, 311.1) S E R I t : s , ~ N o . 2 ,~AUGUST, 1842. 9

98 Physical gcience.

have been affected by human agency; 2ndlg, That the beach with as- sociated bones could not be a diluvial, or drift, accumulation, because it resembles in character a modern beach, and contains mar ine shells, and because the bones wcre found not in, but upon, the deposit; 3rdly, That the beach did not result from glacial action, as there are no indications of it in the neighbouring districts; lastly, he maintains his former views respecting the beach having been raised above the level of the sea, and at a period about, or probably more recent than, ~he time when the animals, whose remains are found upon it, disap- peared. Appended to the paper was a note on a mass of lirnestone perforated by irregular cavities, considered, by Dr. Buckland, to be due to the action of snails, but which Dr. Moore conceives were tbrm- ed by pholades.--~l>ansaetions Geological Sociel*j. Athemeum.

. In aceounl oa t. the Contorlio~~s and I'~tulls produced in the Slrala underneath and adjacent to the Great Embanleme',~t acro~'s lhe I/alley oJ'lhe Brenl, on the Line o f the G~'eat l/Ve,s, ter~ Railway, B y MR. Commv1~s'r.

Tile vegetable a:oil, on which the embankment was thrown up, rests on a stratum lbnr tb.et thick, of brown or aliuviai clay, under which is a bed of gravel, varying in thickness from ten to three fee|. and the whole reposes ca London clay of the usual characters. The surface of lhe valley at this part gradually slopes towards the Brenb the difference of ]evei between the southern or more distant side of the earthwork and the river, being about twenty feet. The height or the embankment is fifty-four feet. On the night of the Olst of 3][ay~ a settlement was first noticed, and ill the morning the tbundatioq was discovered to have given way , and a large mass of ground fi6v IMet long and fifteen feet wide, to have protruded on the sotlth side, to- wards the Brent. During the four succeeding months this mass con- tinned to increase, and the disturbance to extend, so that, at the end of that per~od, the surt5ee, to a considerable distance fi'om ~.he base of the embankment, had assumed an undulated outline, and tlle sub- jaeent strata, where they were cut into, exhibited corresponding cur- vatures, cracks, and overlappings in the beda, due to horizontal move- ments. In the earthwork itselt~ up to this time, the only evidence of failure, in addition to a sinking in the surfS.ee of fifteen feet, was a large crack near the top, and oil the side opposite to that in which the lbundation had yielded, but slanting towards the same point. Pass- ing over the effects gradually produced during a period of nearly twelve months, at the end of which the total subsidence had exceeded thirty feet, and the swollen ground at tile base of the embankment had attained an average height of ten feet, with a range para]tel to ~he ear thwork of nearly four hundred feet, and an occasional horizon- tal displacement of fifteen feet, the author proceeds to describe the nature of the curvatures and other irregularities produced in the strata extending two hundred and twenty i~et, or from the foot of the ear thwork to the Brent, the bank of which was forced five feet in--