On background for Siberia environment Integrated Regional

Study (SIRS)

Evgueni Gordov Siberian Center for Environmental Research and Training/ Institute for Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia Gerard Begni MEDIAS-France, Toulouse, France Martin Heimann Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany Michael Kabanov Institute for Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia Vasily Lykosov Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS, Moscow, Russia Anatoly Shvidenko International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria Evgeny Vaganov Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Regional research activity on regional and global consequences aspects of global change in Siberia resulted in number of international, national and regional projects, which all together forms quite a background for development here Siberia environment Integrated Regional Study (SIRS) in the framework of the approach elaborated by ESSP.

In this paper some results of performed and ongoing projects funded sponsored inter alia by SB RAS, RAS, Max Planck Society, ISTC, the INTAS association and the European Commission are presented. The scope of the projects includes local and remote observations, modelling and development of information-computational infrastructure in the region under study.

List of reviewed projects contains among other several Integrated Projects sponsored by SB RAS, such as “Siberian Geosphere – Biosphere Program: Integrated Regional Study of Contemporary Natural and Climatic Changes” and “Complex Monitoring of Great Vasyugan Bog: modern state and development processes research”, EC sponsored projects “EUROSIBERIAN CARBONFLUX” and its successor “Terrestrial Carbon Observation System Siberia” (TCOS-Siberia) and “Multi-sensor Concepts for Greenhouse Gas Accounting of Northern Eurasia” (SIBERIA-II).

The formed background needs now in structuring and an overarching vision of regional aspects and their diverse interconnections with global aspects to be considered as part of the Earth System Science Partnership Integrated Regional Studies (IRS), which could lead to a Siberia IRS (SIRS) and Northern Eurasia IRS (NEIRS) projects, as pushed forward among others by SCERT/IMCES and MEDIAS-France .

OUTLINE

• SB RAS Integrated Projects

• MPG-SB RAS (ISTC) Projects

• FP5 Projects

• FP6 Projects

• What might be next? or Conclusion

SB RAS Integrated Complex and Interdisciplinary Environmental Projects comprise efforts a number of Research

Institutes and Universities

Statistics of environmental Integrated Complex and Interdisciplinary Projects

Typical Complex Project (CP): 5-7 Organizations

Funded in 2003-2005 12 CP.

Typical Integrated Interdisciplinary Project (IIP): 15 organizations

Funded in 2003-2005 11 IIP.

Siberian Geosphere-Biosphere Program: Integrated Regional Research of Modern Natural

Climatic Changes

ObjectivesMain objectives of the project are: • To develop the system of monitoring of Siberian mesoscale

natural-territorial complexes on the biological, chemical, physical and technogenic components,

• to develop the informational basis for structuring, storage and access to environmental data;

• to develop a basis for forecasting of geosphere-biosphere changes in Siberia in the context of the sustainable development of the region.

• To investigate interferences of global and regional (Western Siberia, in the first place) climate characteristic changes caused by natural and anthropogenic factors.

• To prepare a scientific technological basis and a national scientific body for inclusion of the Programme into large international projects.

Consortium/CoordinationPartners:• Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems • Institute of Geography SB RAS• Institute of Soil and Agrochemistry SBRAS• Institute of Water and Ecological Problems SB RAS • Institute of Petroleum Chemistry SB RAS • Institute of Forest SB RAS• Tomsk Filial of the Institute of Petroleum and Gas Geology SB RAS • Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SB RAS • Institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS • Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS • Institute of Catalysis SB RAS • Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS • Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS • Altai State University • Siberian Center for Environmental Research and Training • Tomsk State University • Tomsk Polytechnic University • Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics • Yugorsk State University • Ugra Research Institute of Information Technologies

First Results

Карасук

Семипалатинск

Экибастуз

Караганда

Identification of regional polusion sources (Kutsenogii et al)

First Results

Regions with similar climatic changes in Siberia (Nozhenkova et al)

First Results

Linear trend of mean temperature of soil depth at meteostation Uzun, Baikal (Snytko et al)

А

1

2

3

4

5

1964

1968

1972

1976

1980

1984

1988

1992

1996

2000

Годы

Т,оС

1 2 3

First Results

Estimated from satellite images amount (kg) of GHG generated by forest fires in Irkutskaya oblast’ in April-September 2004 (Tashchilin , et al.)

CO2 CO CH4

2.94х1010 2.73х109 2.38х109

First Results

Temperature of Snow surface in Kolpashevo: modeling and measurements (Lykosov et al).

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Температура поверхности снега, 01.61

EДанные натурных измерений EРезультаты моделирования

Тем

пер

атур

а, С

Время, дни

First Results

Two intensive centers of action are determined from 53 year Reanalys data in Eurasia: North-Atlantic and North Pacific.Less strong (but important for global climate system functioning forming) center of action is located above South of Siberia (V/ Penenko).

Complex Monitoring of Complex Monitoring of Great Vasyugan Bog:Great Vasyugan Bog:

modern state and research of modern state and research of evolution processesevolution processes

 

  Partners/Coordination 1. Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems (Tomsk)2. Institute of Water and Ecological Problems (Barnaul, Novosibirsk)3. Institute of Atmospheric Optics (Tomsk)4. Institute of Petroleum Chemistry (Tomsk)5. Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics (Novosibirsk)6. Institute of Hydrodynamics (Novosibirsk)7. Institute of Geology (Novosibirsk)8. Institute of Oil and Gas Geology (Novosibirsk, Tomsk)9. Institute of Forest (Krasnoyarsk)10. Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry (Novosibirsk)11. Institute of Computational Modeling (Krasnoyarsk)12. Siberian Center for Environmental Research and Training 13. Siberian R&D Institute of Peat SB RAAS (Tomsk)14. Tomsk State University, including Siberian Physical-Technical Institute and

R&D Institute of Biology and Biophysics (Tomsk)15. Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk)16. Altai State University, including Institute of Ecological Monitoring (Barnaul)

PROJECT OBJECTIVES Based on field observations of enlarged number of physical,

biological and chemical characteristics of the system that is globally important and weakly technogenically loaded

To investigate climate regulating role of Great Vasyugan Bog (GVB) as a mesoscale climatic system including regional peculiarities in energy and mass transfer (greenhouse gases, aerosol and electromagnetic fields),

To investigate hydrosphere role of Great Vasyugan Bog as the largest water–bog complex in Eurasia including general pattern and regional features of hydrological cycle,

To investigate biosphere role of Great Vasyugan Bog as a mesoscale ecosystem in West Siberia including environment forming role of peat-forming processes and biogeochemical changes,

To develop a geoinformation system, providing multilayer comprehensive monitoring of Great Vasyugan Bog including a database compilation and creation of GVB Internet site.

CLIMATE REGULATING ROLE OF GVB

Spatial temperature distribution over GVB territory (Terra-Modis data, February of 2004, averaging over 0.5 х 0.5)

Бакчар

( )

BIOSPHERE ROLE OF GVB 1.Biological cycle intensity in terms of amount of primary product achieves 14.3 t/year with decrease to the north.  2.Results of СО2 and СН4 fluxes' observation on sphagnous bog

(Plotnikovo village, summer of 2000) give an estimation of carbon balance in daytime:

105 (assimilation) – 72 (emission)= 33 gC/m2

 3.Stratigraphic investigations of peat deposits on evidence derived from botanic, palynological, microelement, biochemical and radiocarbon analyses reveal both general pattern and peculiarities in GVB evolution at different sites by processes of climatogeneous, hydrogeneous, cryogenic and pyrogenic origin.

IGBP related activities in Siberia

Yenisey meridian IGBP-NES project

8 basic vegetation classes are separated out on the base of satellite remote

sensing

IIASA Forestry Project

Seasonal variation of CO2 concentration on two levels of

the vertical profile, Zotino

Russia: annually burned areas in 1970 – 2000

Bio – climatic zone

Estimates of annual burned areas (million ha)

Crown

fire

Surface fire Peat

fire

Incl. GF Total

FA UFA NFL

Arctic desert and semi- desert

- - - 0.04 - - 0.04

Sub – arctic and tundra

- - - 0.89 0.07 - 0.96

Forest tundra and

northern taiga

0.04 0.3 0.17 0.44 0.07 0.001 1.02

Middle taiga 0.19 0.98 0.25 0.63 0.1 0.007 2.15

Southern taiga 0.08 0.4 0.1 0.16 0.03 0.004 0.77

Temperate forests 0.01 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.01 - 0.12

Steppe - 0.02 0.01 - - - 0.03

Semi – desert and desert

- 0.01 - - - - 0.01

Total 0.32 1.78 0.55 2.17 0.28 0.0012 5.1

Estimation of Northern Eurasia input into the global carbon cycle in 1990 – 2000

~ 500 Tg С/year – net accumulation of carbon

~ 200 – 350 Tg С/year – total emission to the atmosphere due to fires, insect outbreaks, logging etc.

~ 100 Tg С/year – turnover to hydrosphere and soil due to biological processes in soil

Carbon cycle related projects performing in Siberia forests

EC funded- TCOS (Terrestrial carbon observing system) - SIBERIA-II (remote sensing data to account full carbon budget of Siberian forests)MPG funded- Siberian High Tower (long-term carbon flux- climate relationships)

NASA supported - Carbon emission from large forest fires in Eurasia CRDF funded- Large fires and carbon storage and emission in long-term and short-term

scales IIASA funded - Forestry Project

Conclusion

• Results of environmental research activity in Siberia form quite a basis for step by step forming IRS on complex integrated research of all aspects of natural-climatic changes in the region (SIRS), as pushed forward among others by SCERT/IMCES and MEDIAS-France

Thank you!