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Co

Compilation subm

Guided by:

..

Dr. Sabbu Thasineku

BAMS (IOM/TU)

Instructor Ayurveda Cam

Kirtipur , Kathmandu, Nepalpilation on :- Oleander (

itted for partial fulfillment of th

pus

Compiled by:

.

Roshan Baskota

Roll no 10

2067 batch (15th

)

)

BAMS degree.

Acknowledgment

I have taken efforts in this compilation. However, it would not have been possible withkind support and help of many individuals. I would like to extend my sincere thanks t

them.

I am highly indebted to my respected teacher Dr. Sabbu Thasineku for the guidance and csupervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the compilation & asupport in completing the compilation.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents for their kind co-operatencouragement which help me in completion of this compilation.

My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the compilation andwho have willingly helped me out with their abilities.

Roshan Bams 2nd Prof

R

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Contents

S.N Topics Page No.

1. Introduction to Ayurveda

2. Introduction to Agadhtantra (Toxicology)3. Types of poison4. Oleander

5. White Oleander (Nerium odorum)a. Active principles

b. Use

c. Mode of actiond. Sign and symptoms

e. Fatal dose/ Fatal period

f. Managementi. Modern management

ii. Ayurvedic management

g. Postmortem appearances

h. Medico legal importance

6 Yellow oleander

a. Active principlesb. Sign and symptoms

c. Fatal dose/ Fatal period

d. Management

e. Postmortem appearancesf. Medico legal aspect

7. Case report on Oleander poisoning

8. Historical Incidents on Oleander poisoning.

9. Reference

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Compilation on Oleander ()

Roshan Baskota | Compilation on Oleander () 7

In 1989, the Western Journal of Medicine reported the case of an 83 year old womanwho attempted suicide by drinking a tea made of an infusion of Oleander leaves. She

suffered severe bradycardia with a pulse rate of 40 and was treated with atropine to

counteract this. There are other reports in the literature of failed suicide attempts.

In 2005, the Los Angeles Daily News reported the case of Fudgie, a dwarf cowbeloved of the primary school students in its area. Fudgie ate some oleanderbranches and suffered cardiac arrest. It was fortunate that the vet called in knew a

senior toxicologist because between them they restarted Fudgie's heart twelve times

over the week that it took for the cow to recover. The vet apparently kicked Fudgie

in the chest to restart his heart.

In August 2009, 23 horses at Rockridge Farm in Rancho Santa Fe near San Diego werereported to have been poisoned after an intruder broke into the stables during the

night and fed them oleander leaves. When staff opened the barn at 6 am they found

one horse already seriously ill and the others showing the first signs of poisoning.

The workers say they found oleander leaves in the stalls as well as remains of carrots

and apples thought to have been used to disguise the bitter taste of the plant.

Three horses were transferred to a veterinary hospital, though two were well

enough to be released the next day, and the rest were treated at the ranch.

In July 2011, a giraffe died at a zoo in Tucson, Arizona, after being accidentally fedoleander leaves by an apprentice keeper. Another animal was taken ill but survived

with careful medical attention. The zoo had a long-standing policy of feeding

clippings from its extensive grounds to its browsing animals but, it seems, the

apprentice went against the policy that only material identified by the head grounds'

keeper should be collected.

Reference

1. A text book of Agada Tantra Dr. U.R. Sekhar Namburi2. ( ) . 3. Poisonous (VISHA) plants in Ayurveda Dr. L.B. Singh4. Principles of forensic medicine Apurba Nanda5. Text book of medical physiology 11th Edition Guyton and Hall6. http://www.thepoisongarden.co.uk/atoz/nerium_oleander.htm7. http://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/plant/pim366.htm