U(6) U(5) O(5) O(3) Spherical vibrator

N nd n L

nd = 0,1,2,…,N

= nd, nd-2, nd-4, …,1 or 0

U(6) SU(3) O(3) Axial rotor

N ( , ) K L

( , ) = (2N,0), (2N-4,2), (2N-8,4), (2N-6,0),…

U(6) O(6) O(5) O(3) -soft rotor

N n L

= N, N-2,N-4,….

= 0,1,2,…,