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OLD REGIME in France. The TRADITIONAL Society Changed in 1789. OLD REGIME= The Traditional Social and Political System in France. Society divided into 3 “estates” Ruled by King Louis XVI and wife Marie Antoinette (MONARCHY) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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OLD REGIME in France
The TRADITIONAL Society
Changed in 1789
OLD REGIME=The Traditional Social and Political System in France
• Society divided into 3 “estates”
• Ruled by King Louis XVI and wife Marie Antoinette (MONARCHY)
• When King Louis spent all his money, he had to ask for more $ in taxes
THE ESTATES=The Social Classes of France
• First Estate: THE CLERGY (all Church officials)1% of population, owned 10% of landPaid no taxes (could donate salary…2%)
• Second Estate: THE NOBLES (Aristocracy)2% of population, owned 20% of landPaid no taxes, held government and military positions
• Third Estate: THE PEOPLE97% of population, paid over half of salary in taxes (to Clergy, to Nobles, to King) 3 types of people: BOURGEOISIE (Middle Class), SANS-CULOTTES (City Workers), Peasant Farmers
THIRD ESTATE: 97% of France, only group that paid taxes.
• Bourgeoisie (Borj-wa-ZEE): Well-educated; doctors, lawyers, teachers, merchants. Believed in Enlightenment ideas.
• Sans-Culottes (San-coo-LOT): Poor, uneducated, city workers. Laborers or servants. Lived on bread (cheapest food).
• Peasant Farmers: Poorest group, 80% of France’s total population. Legally tied to a noble’s land.
Sans-culottes (see their pants?)
Peasant Farmers (see their rags?)
THE ESTATES-GENERAL=The Meeting of All 3 Estates
• King Louis XVI had to call the Estates-General meeting because he needed money (raise tax)
• Each Estate met in a separate room
• Each Estate got one vote• Question: Who should
pay more taxes to the King???
1789 ESTATES-GENERAL MEETING=Third Estate Breaks Away!
• First Estate (1% of pop.): voted that Third Estate should pay more taxes
• Second Estate (2% of pop.): voted that Third Estate should pay the taxes
• Third Estate (97% of pop.): voted that the system should be changed vote by head (population), not by order (Estate)
• RESULT: Third Estate loses, votes to establish a National Assembly