Old Mobile Pts 7 & 8: Old Problems and Endings &

Beginnings

History of Mobile

A Hard Blow• July 8, 1706... • colony unaware of his

fraudulent activities, deeply …

• He was seen by colonists as the chief …

• La Salle and La Vente felt a …

• For Bienville, his chief and only patron was …

Dealing With La Vente• Bishop of Quebec’s representative arrived:

Father Louis-Marc Bergier. • La Vente liked him b/c … Bienville liked him

b/c of … • For many years he abstained from eating ... • He settled disputes w/ La Vente & …

Dealing With La Salle • Ponchartrain found new governor to

replace Iberville and …• The new governor ….• Dartaguiette d’Iron… • He proceeded …

• Dartaguiette’s goal: ...

• Bienville’s attitude: …

• Was Bienville smart in doing this?

• All charges proven to be ...• No witness could give …• Bulk of charges against Bienville were

…

Dartaguiette ‘s opinion of Bienville

The ramifications of another of Dartaguiette’s orders

• All along the Canadians had been on the...• D’Iron ordered to take ..• Why? • In Ponchartrain’s mind, this would ...

Example of Nicolas Bodin• Age 33 from Mont Louis France. Went to

an area along the bay were the Rivière aux poules forked to form ...

• Today, what is the name of the island?

Today, what is Rivière aux poules called?

Speaking of French place names what is the English

name for Rivière aux chiens?

Speaking of French, which Indian Nations are considered Petites

Nations?

Mobilian, Chato, Apalachee, Grand and Little Tomeh

Who are coureurs de bois?

Literally, “runners of the woods,” a name for the Canadians who liked to live in the woods and were considered to be wild. They engaged in unregulated fur trading.

The Colony On Its Own• 1. Winter 1708-9, colonists forced to wear

rags during severe winter,• 2. Alabamans attack the nearby villages

of the Mobilians and Tomeh …

1709

• Efforts to grow wheat …• Yellow fever … • La Vente …• La Salle ...

Isle Massacre

• Isle Massacre was booming economically.• Why?• Next to Pensacola, it had the …• How one man did well: Nicolas Graveline

September 9, 1710

a ship bearing a French flag appeared…

It was a trap

• They ransacked …

• Some islanders ...

• The pirates moved to the east end and ...

• Eventually …

Results of pirate attack

More Problems

April to May, 1711

Dartaguiette weighs in:

• A. Fort rebuilt three years ago, but now …

• B. recent pirate attack on Massacre Island showed …

• C. colonists …

Finally, …

Where?

• les Oignonets

Characteristics of les Oignonets

• Sandy … • brackish … • bluff there … • But a plateau …

• a small village of Chato Indians…• Chato tribe moved …

The Big Move

• Houses ... • The old town was …

What Remains of Old Mobile?

What Has Been Discovered:• The town • Not the fort.• Nor the cemetery with De Tonti’s iron

hand.• A road was mistakenly constructed

through the area. High ground was leveled.

• Archaeologists continue to dig at 27 Mile Bluff. If you study archaeology at USA, then you can be a part of the dig.

More good news:

New Names Were Proposed

• Isle Massacre …• The Dauphin was …

A New Name for the Town

• Ponchartrain ..• What does the word mobile mean?• He wanted a name …• What is the opposite of mobile?

• A new name proposed for Mobile• It was Immobile.• Bienville politely refused the proposal.

Dartaguiette Leaves

• He has been known as…