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Oklahoma Land Rush
Manifest Destiny – that America was destined to expand from sea to sea
THE STORY OF TEXAS
1821 - MEX wins independence from SPN
1820s - AMER farmers move to E. TEX (then MEX) to grow cotton
MEX welcomes AMER farmers for Indian protection
Expecting peace… MEX grants AMERs land
1830s - Growing apart, ~ 1,000 AMER per month enter
A MIXED BLESSING
AMERs BRING SLAVES
CATHOLICISM
Independence in the air…
- 20,000 AMERs (1K slaves) outnumber MEXs
Meanwhile, Mexico’s leader…
Santa Anna cracks down on
movements – including AMERs
The Alamo
MEX attack old fort –– killing all 187 TEXs, incl. Crockett & Bowie
1836 - TEX declares independence from MEX (amid Alamo battle)
“Remember the Alamo”
Sam Houston wins @ San Jacinto
Treaty…
-Santa Anna recognizes TEX independence
- MEX Cong. rejects treaty, but war is over
A republic?
A U.S. state?
No decision for almost 10 years, until…
James K. Polk
Tennessee Democrat
Slaveholder
WHAT AMERICA TOOK
GAME ON - TAKING MEXICO
MEXICO
MEXICO
THE INCIDENT
TEX claimed border @ Rio Grande River
NUECES RIVER
MEX claimed border at Nueces River -- 100 miles north
• Polk orders Gen. Zach Taylor to Rio
• MEX sees violation
• Shots kill 11 AMER soldiers
• Polk says ‘American blood has been shed on ____________ soil’
• Sends declaration of war to Congress
Lincoln’s famousSPOT RESOLUTIONS
Henry David Thoreau
The Mexican War (1846 – 1848)
War lasted about 18 months
Impressive U.S. leadership – all West Point grads and future Civil War generals for both N & S
Tremendous public protest to war
Mexico: 50,000 deaths
U.S.: 13,000 deaths (11,000 from diseases)
U.S. Wins: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
- MEX cedes (gives up) New MEX, CALIF
- U.S. pays $15 million (guilt money) for “Mexican cession”
- Rio Grande border established
A TRAINING GROUND
vs.
Winfield Scott
ELIZABETH CADY STANTON