Okahara Associates, Inc. - University of Hawaiievols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10524/35807/1989...TO OKAHARA & ASSOCIAl Engineering Consult. ..• 200 Kohola Street

Okahara & Associates, Inc. ENGIINIERINGI CONSULTANTS PAC&IIIIILI! COVER SHEiiT

rxJ Hllo Offl"" 0 Honolulu OHic:e 0 I<Qrla Office

P.o. Bo• eee 200 Koho/a Str .. t Hllo, HawaJI eerao ph. (804) OB( -6621

4'10 North Nimitz Hwy, Suite 215 110nolulu, Hawaii ~81 7 ph. (608) 524-,/124

Koalakeklla, Hawaii 95750 ph. (8o6) 323·3236

T'O: Department Of Lard ,l.!Jd Natucal Resources

ATTN: Mr. ~ Tagaoor~~----

No Transm/11/ng To: 548-60?,_2 _____ _

Ma:oahiro !-lil!hida, P.l:<, I'ROM: ---------

We ere e&nding you:

0 Shop drawings

c Change Ord•r

0 D [!]

Speciflc~tlone

Copy of Iotter

Oa~:--~Qc~t~obe~ur~s~.~1~9~B~9L---------

Job~: 89045

Job Nam9/Subj9Ct: 3 Mile Rotldway

T.rue Geothermal

0 0 D

~rlnte

WE ARE TRANSMITTING 2._ PAGES JNC~UOJNCl THIS COVER SHEH.

DNorlptlon;

Letter NO, 61~6Z

II' YOU 00 NOT RECEIVE ALL PAClES, PLEASE CALL US AT TH!! OFFICE CHECKEO AfiOVE.

These are transmittOd as ehecked below:

0 For app~Qval

.f!J For review and comment

0 0

Reply t~Quested

For your Information

D 0 Other

Donald f(, Okehara. P.E. • Melvln Tanak111, P.E, • Naaahlro Nbhld1, P.E ... r··~"-' ocw.WPIII ........ ,_.,._,..,PI<ti:E: ,.

OAIOINI\l.

(51)

Okahara lc Associates, tnc.

Oetobe r 5, 1989 Letter No, 61982 R.ference No. S'Ot'

Hr. mlltea If. Paty, otrector

ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS

Department ot ~d and Natural Roeourcea aute ot Hawau P.o. sex 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96609

Attn. Hr. Manabu Tagomorl, Director

Subject• Request permission to raise reservoir berm height bY two (2) teet and permission to blast reserve pit.

Due to the Contractor having difficulty in removing solid blue rock at the reservoir 6ite, we are requesting permission to raise the b~rm height by 2 teet to a maximum depth of 12 feet. Tbe Reque~t for ~endment to Plan ot Operation submitted by True Geothermal Energy Company revised the 2~'x300'x10' to 300'x300'x12' feet for the reservoir site and therefore wa do not f8el w. are goins beyond the limit of the boundaries.

In addition we would like to uae e~plosives tor the r&eerve p1t it necessary in the n~ar luture. Since time is of th• eeeenae and scheduling ig criti~al, plea•• notity me ot approval as early as POSSible.

Sinetet-ely,

Donald K. Okohocc. P.G. • M.,lvln Tanu~o. P.E • Mooahlro Niohldo. P.E. 200 kOHOLA STREET • HILO. HAWAII Oo7:2C • TELEP'"ION~ (808) 961·5527

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October 16, 19U9

"jr. i'•:asahiro Nishida Okahara and Associates, Inc. 200 Kohola Street llilo, Hawaii 96 7:l0

ue:-tr ~\lr. Nishida:

True/:'.Jid-Pacific Geothermal Wellsite A-1 Puna, Hn w aii

Permissioll is granted to rttisc the berrJ heig'ht b_y (£) tWt) feet for the ~-; ater Catelw1ent Pond Area.

Hohrcver, the use ul t:xploBiV,2S vr1 thiB prvjnet is prohibited.

Should you h.nvc any questions, you r:JH.Y" call ~i'ir. :~Janabu

Tur,omori ut 548-7533.

V cry truly yours,

cc: ~.Jr. Eric Tanaku ~

( ~::! /

MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD

FROM:

SUBJECT:

Dean Nakano

Site Inspection of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's Grading Operations at Puna, Hawaii

On Wednesday, September 27, 1989, I traveled to H1lo, Hawail, and was met by Morris Ota at the airport. We stopped by the HiloDLNR office and borrowed a 4-wheel drive vehicle from Larry Okazaki of the Division of Land Management and then drove to the site of the True/Mid-Pacific (T/MP) project.

Upon reaching the Agriculture portion of the access road to the site, we were stopped by four 1nd1viduals w1th video camera equipment. The spokesperson for the group (who chose not to identify himself) stated that they were gathering medicinal herbs for the treatment of cancer. They also inquired whether they would be able to ga1n access 1nto the Campbell property for such purposes. I replied that we were unable to author1ze such entry and referred them to Mr. A 11 an Kawada of True Geothermal Energy Company who would be able to respond to their request.

At the site we were met by J1m Taylor (True Geothermal) and Mas a Nishida ( Okahara and Associates) who escorted us to the project area. We were informed by Mr. Taylor that no grad1ng work was taking place today, and that the equ 1 pment on site was on 1 y be1ng serv1ced. It was noted that approximately one-third of the Conservation portion of the access road was graded with cinder mater1al (up to stat1on marker 92+00). Mr. Taylor stated that all work was currently being focused on the completion of the water catchment pond.

Morris and I reviewed the grading plans for the project with Mr. Nishida at the site to venfy the boundaries of the access road, turnout areas, and the water catchment pond. Upon completion of our inspection, we returned to the Hi 1 o off 1 ce, where I transferred the project documents to Morr1s in preparation for the arrival of Eric Tanaka, our new construct1on 1nspector, on Monday (10/2/89).

Morris dropped me off at the airport, where I returned to Honolulu at 5:45 pm.

Dean Nakano

(5o)

TO

OKAHARA & ASSOCIAl Engineering Consult. ..•

200 Kohola Street HILO, HAWAII 96720

(808) 961-5527

DEPAR'IMENI' OF LAND AND NA'IUAAL RESOORCES

1151 PUNCHOCML STREET, RM. 227

f!CNOLULU, HAWAII 96813

... --. '\ ,-, - , __ : ,_.- ,_, ,_

Letter NO. 61994

DATE ·- ·.··.·. a:;,r~ .• ' . . 10, 1989

ATTENTION

MR. MANABU TAGCMlRI

I I ... J . ~HERMAL TRUE uc

JOB NO

89045

WE ARE SENDING YOU i1Q Attached ~J Under separate cover via ______ _ the following items:

D Shop drawings (kPrints D Plans D Samples D Specifications

D Copy of letter D Change order o __________________________________ _

COPIES DATE NO DESCRIPTION

3 10-3-89 C-2 REVISED GRADING PIJ\N FOR RESERVOIR PIT

THESE ARE TRANSMITTED as checked below:

D For approval D Approved as submitted D Resubmit ___ copies tor approval

D For your use D Approved as noted D Submit ___ copies tor distribution

D As requested 0 Returned for corrections D Return ___ corrected prints

D For review and comment D --------------------------

0 FOR BIDS DUE __________ tg __ 0 PRINTS RETURNED AFTER LOAN TO US

AS DIS<lJSSED WI'IH YCXJR STAFF, '!HE BERM HEIGHT WAS RAISED BY 2 FEET 'IO A MAXIMUM DEP'IH OF 12 FEET F'Ra1 1 0 FEET.

)PYTO

rs

/

------------------SIGNED: ~ ~ I I

l

-;r,\ I enc osures are not as noted, lfmdly notify us at once. f 7 ,_.,.)

MASAHIRO NISHIDI\, P.F._

BENJAMIN J_ CAYETANO GOVERNOR OF HAWAII

STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

DIVISION OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

Mr. Allan G. Kawada Hawaii Project Coordinator True Geothermal Energy Company 220 South King Street, Suite 1475 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Dear Mr. Kawmh

P.O. SOX 373

HONOLULU, HAWAII 96809

March 7, 1994

KAI-1 Well Integrity Report

MICHAEL D. WILSON, CHAIRPERSON SOARD OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCE::;

DEPUTY

GILBERT COLOMA-AGARAN

AQUACUL 1URE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM AQUATIC RESOURCES BOATING AND OCEAN RECREATION CONSERVATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL

AFFAIRS CONSERVATION AND RESOURCES

ENFORCEMENT

CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDUFE HISTORIC Pf!ESERVATION LAND MANAGEMENT STATE PARKS

WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

We have reviewed your mechanical integrity report for well KAI-1, submitted on January 3, 1995. We concur with your findings that the well is in good condition and is structurally intact.

JF:Ik c: Dept. of Health

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY

Mr. Manabu Tagomori, P.E. Chief Engineer

CENTRAL PACIFIC PLAZA

January 3, 1995

Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Water and Land Development Kalanionoku Building, Room 227 1151 Punchbowl Street Honolulu, HI 96813

Dear Mr. Tagomori,

Telephone No.: 808-528-3496 FAX No.: 808-528-1772 220 South King Street Suite 1475 Honolulu. HI 96813

Enclosed are copies of the report on the results of the well integrity tests conducted on Well KA1-1 on October 30, 1994. The results confirm our prior assessment1that the well is structurally intact and still capable of ·expetiinents' and reservoir monitoring.

' ' ' , .. '' - ·- ·- . .,..-...... -.-·· .... -· . -·

Should you have any questiori please don't hesitate to call me at 528-3496.

T ERMAL ENERGY COMPANY Kawada

reject Coordinator

111erma5ource~NC. GEOTHERMAL CONSULTING SERVICES

November 25, 1994 cr-, c"

Mr. Hank True .- "--.-.-- ~ . ' .

True Geothermal Energy Company River Cross Road

·-. .. c· .. --.. __ P> r;-., z

C.l (} ,-- w . - . Casper, WY 82602 I ,. ~-.. ·,

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Re: Condition of Well KA1-1, KMERZ

Dear Hank, --r 7-:J

0~?V c..n ~ w -1

The enclosed report contains my opinion concerning the current structural integrity of Well KA1-1. I believe that the well is in good condition, is structurally intact, and is safe to operate. This opinion is based on analysis of a pressure-temperature-spinner (PTS) survey completed on October 29, 1994, and a caliper log of the 13-3/8" casing. The PTS log was run to a depth of 5763' where an obstruction, probably some fine formation material, was encountered. Throughout the logged interval from surface to 5763', there is no indication of any fluid movement in the wellbore and the temperature profile is not anomalous.

An internal caliper of the 13-3/8" casing was conducted on October 30, 1994. Because of the angle in the hole, the caliper arm could not extend out fully for a portion of the calipered interval. However the caliper did provide sufficient information to conclude that the 13-3/8 11 casing is not parted or structurally compromised at any point.

If you have any questions concerning this report, please call me at (707) 523-2960.

Youty7truly,

~/h~ / ld . . · Gera N 1

Vice-Pre 'tlent

encl:

cc: Allan Kawada

' I ~

'~----,-n ,..., '-'

725 Farmers Lane o P.O. Box 1236 • Santa Rosa, Califorqia 95402 • 1707) 523·2960 • FAX 1707) 523-1029

• TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY

Mr. Manabu Tagomori, P.E. Chief Engineer

CENTRAL PACIFIC PLAZA

January 3, 1995

Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Water and Land Development Kalanionoku Building, Room 227 1151 Punchbowl street Honolulu, HI 96813

Dear Mr. Tagomori,

Telephone No.: 808-528-3496 FAX No.: 808-526-1772 220 South King Street Suite 1475 Honolulu. HI 96813

Enclosed are copies of the report on the results of the well integrity tests conducted on Well KA1-1 on October 30, 1994. The results confirm our prior assessment that the well is structurally intact and still capable of experiments and reservoir monitoring.

Should you have any question please don't hesitate to call me at 528-3496.

Kawada Hawaii roject Coordinator

JOHN WAIHEE GOVERNOR OF HAWAII

'

STATE OF HAWAII

DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

Dr. Harry J. Olsen Hawaii Natural Energy Institute University of Hawaii at Manoa Holmes Hall 246 2540 Dole Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96822

Dear Dr. Olsen:

P. 0. BOX 373


JUL 2 0 1994

TRUE GEOTHERMAL WELL KAl-1

KEITH W. AHUE, CHAIRPERSON BOARD OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

DEPUTIES

JOHN P. KEPPELER. II DONA L HANAJKE

AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

AQUATIC RESOURCES

BOATING AND OCEAN RECREATION

CONSERVATION AND

ENVIRONMENTAL AfFAIRS CONSERVATION AND RESOURCES ENFORCE/lENT

CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE

HISTORIC PRESERVATION LAND MANAGEMENT

STATE PARKS WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

In response to your request to instrument KA1-1, we have been instructed by True Geothermal not to install any instrumentation in the subject well until they have completed their well integrity evaluation. However, we do recommend that the monitoring equipment be checked and ready for installation after True Geothermal has completed their evaluation of the well.

Should you have any questions regarding the status of well KA1-1, please do not hesitate to call me at 587-0230.

rely,

HY:ek

c: Alan Kawada, True Geothermal

STATE OF HAWAII

TREASURY DEPOSIT RECE:IPT

GENERAL

REMARKS·

Ben 1"1atsubara Administrative costs

CDUA Violation HA-90-02

DIVISION OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT 9-28-89

AMOUNT

' TOTAL DEPOSIT 1,63$ 3 LAIID & NATURAL RESOURCE KINDS OF DEPOSIT

COIN

CURRENCY

STATE WARRANTS

CHECKS

BANK DEPOSITS

OTHERS

' TOTAL DEPOSIT 1,638 3

DISTRIBUTION COPIES

COPY #1-STATE TREASURY

COPY #2-DEPARTMENT FISCAL OFFICE

COPY #3-STATE COMPTROLLER

COPY #4-DEPAATMENT FISCAL OFFICE (FOLLOW-UP COPY)

DEPARTMENT

SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED PERSON

RECEIPT OF DEPOSIT HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGED BY FINANCE DIVISION,

DEPT. OF BUDGET & FINANCE

SIGNED

DATE

DEPOSITORY'S NO.

STATE ACCOUNTING FORM B-13 JULY 1, 1985 (REVISED)

COPY #4 DEPARTMENT FISCAL OFFICE (FOLLOW-UP COPY~ (4-CJ)

DATE •

LAND DOCUMENT NUMBER SOURCE DISTRICT SYMBOL

3 HA-90-02

• Benjamin Matsubara 888 M1111an1 St. 8th Flr. Honolulu, H1., 96813

P.O. !:lUX D<'l • HUNULULV, n""'"''' """"-'

DESCRIPTION AMOUNT PAID

Administrative coats 1,638.35

FIB I 28684

09/28/89 t0038t CHECK 1638.35

CASHIER COPY

r

L DATE

STATI OF HAWAII

BtLtE'Ef'OR ·COLLECTION DLNR. - OCEA

(~tment or Agency)

IN ACCOUNT WITH

BENJAMIN MATSUBARA, ESQ. 888 Mililani Street, 8th Floor Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

DESCIIIPTION

HONOLULU

Violation of Conservation District Land Use

Sept. 22

NOTI Tl1! AMOUNT DUE AS SHOWN BY THIS INVOIC£ $HOULD Bf: PAlO TO THE QE. PARTMENT OR ESTABLISHMENT INDI· CATiiD.

UPON PAYMIENT YOU WILL RECEIVE A REa:IPT FOR AMOUNT PAID. ANY FAILURE TO RECEIVE SUCH RECEIPT SHOULD IE PROMPTL V REPDRno TO THE stATE COMPTR~LER.

ANOUNT TOTAL

and Permit by True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Ventur , Puna, Hawaii HA-90-02

Payment of Administrative Costs

\

iL_638 35

-__,

-'('\ .-.

-c;··, -~ C'JI_-

~ f '.

STAT£ ACCOUNTING FOAM •10 ,.,.,; .... ., .................. .

Violation of Conservation District Use Permit By True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal VEnture, Puna, Hawaii

ITEMIZED ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS

Air Fare (2 round trips) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $ 160000

Per Diem o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65000

Car Rental o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30o00

Purchase of Film 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8o00

Film Development 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o 0 0 0 0 0 o o 21.80

Field Survey 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 o o o 600000

Office Supplies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o 0 0 o o o o 0 25000

Salaries 728o55

Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o 0 $1,638035

Salary Breakdown

Planning Program Administrator, EM-07

Office, 7 hours @ 21.85 $152.95

Geologist II, SR-28

Office, 5 hours @ 17.30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.50

Geologist I, SR-24

Field, 24 hours @ 13.71 Office, 10 hours @ 13.71

Clerical (DOW ALD)

Office, ? hours @ 11.48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total .............................. .

329.04 137.10

22.96

$728.55

.~TSUBARA,LEE & KoTAKE

-_ J\1~ D· --~----'"~''"--

6EN..JAMIN M. MATSUBARA

GARY 6, K. T. LEE

MERVYN M.KOTAKE

STEF>HANIE A. REZENTS

ATTORNEYS AT LAW

A LAW CORPORATION CHARLE:S R. KENDALL BUILDING

868 MILILANI STREET, EIGHTH I""LOOR

~ j ~-- ~- ~- 2.2 September 13, 1989

F· ~~04JQJ, HAW ... II 1016813-210118

'1"ELE~M...E (808) :;ze-IOI!!oee

I""ACSU""Il.E- 1808) 15?.-_~~38440 ~ii:XTFR T HIWA

EDSEL. M. YAMADA

Mr. Michael G. Buck Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Forestry and Wildlife Kalanimoku Bldg., Room 325 1151 Punchbowl Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Re: True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture Payment of Financial Sanctions

Dear Mr. Buck:

( -- '; "

r \. --r"'' > !:'> >

t.':J-

Please find enclosed a check from our office bearing No. 28684 in the amount of $1,638.35 made payable to the Department of Land and Natural Resources on behalf of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture. This payment is in partial satisfaction of the administrative costs assessed against our client as provided in the August 14, 1989 letter from the Department to Mr. Allan Kawada.

In addition, please find enclosed a copy of the letter to Mr. Charles Wakida of your Hila office with a second check from our office bearing No. 28683 in the amount of $15,000.00 made payable to Henry H. Otani. This payment represents complete satisfaction of the remaining portion of the financial sanctions set forth in paragraph C of the August 14 letter.

Thank you for your time and cooperation matter. Please do not hesitate to contact me if any questions or comments regarding the above.

Very truly yours,

in this you have

..., MATSUBARA, Lf}fbEE & KOTA~~

;'/;h S' (/ ~-~. r_~-· ,:

1n M. Mat ubar~· · •'"" . .... Enclosures _;:, ..

-~- J •.•• 1'"~

i "I

cc: Mr. Charles Wakida Mr. Henry H. Otani Mr. Allan Kawada (cc w/o enclosures)

·--"1

·---

(4i)

_-iATSwB.ARA, LEE & KoT.AKE

BEN.JAMIN M. MATSUe.a.~A

GARY e. K. T. ~E E

MERVYN M. KOTAKE

STEPMANIE A. RE2ENTS ' , . .-- :' "''' September 13 ~ H989 LL

I" _ _.' i~~- [11-!ARLES R. KENDALL eulLD•NG

888 ...,ILILI"""' STRE:E:'t, EJGI-ITI-I ,-LOOR

M0N0LULU, I-1 ... WA11 1016813- 2'118

5T~E~1-40NE (BOB) 526- Q566

~"'CSIMILE 1&08) 53e-38<40

E:OS£1- M. YAMAO"

'' " i:R & '-' .~:..: :..:_:_ # ... _L_i>'ivlENT

Mr. Charles Wakida Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Forestry and Wildlife P.O. Box 4849 Hilo, Hawaii 96720

Re: True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture Payment of Financial Sanctions

Dear Mr. Wakida: .. .r.:

Please find enclosed a check from our office bearing No. 28683 in the amount of $15,000.00 made payable to Henry H. Otani. This payment represents satisfaction of the financial sanction assessed against True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture as set forth in paragraph C of the Board's letter of August 14, 1989 to Mr. Allan Kawada.

A second check made payable to the Land and Natural Resources in the amount representing administrative costs incurred has to the office of Mr. Michael G. Buck.

Department of of $1,638.35 been tendered

It is our understanding that the above payments represents full compliance with the terms and conditions set forth in the Board's August 14 letter.

Thank you for your time and cooperation matter. Please do not hesitate to contact me if any questions or comments regarding the above.

Very truly yours,

in you

UBARA, LEE & KOTAKE

Enclosures

cc: Mr. Michael G. Buck Mr. Henry H. Otani Mr. Allan Kawada (cc w/o enclosures)

"-Y-"''"-/• (})J · M ·n M. Matsubara

this have

' MATSUBA: LEE & KOTAKE

ATTORNEYS AT L -A LAW CORPORATION CHARLES A KENDALL BUILDING

888 MILILANI STREET, EIGHTH FLOOR HONOLULU. HAWAII 96813-2918

FIRST INTEAST ATE BANK of Hawa1i WAIKIKf BRANCH

1----,--'r - TTANCE ADVICE

CHECK NO. AMOUNT

E-9-106 1213

28684

~-- ----~--~---- - -----------··· ---- -- - ---- ---

- ~y ~Ulf'l"'~ G>l'l-?IT~_ (.A~BIC.J...If:TU~~ PM'TIDNJ

/ .....

(41!

•

MEMORANDUM

FROM: Dean Nakano

SUBJECT: Field Inspection of True/Mid-Pacific's Grading Operations and the HELCO Repair Work a the HGP-A Facility

On Wednesday, September 20, 1989, I traveled to Hilo, Hawaii, to inspect the start of grading operations by True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture in the Conservation area permitted for geothermal development activities by CDUA HA 12/20/85-1830.

I was met at the site by Messrs. Allan Kawada and Jim Taylor of True Geothermal Energy Company. Mr. Kawada provided a copy of the County Grading Permit which was issued by the Department of Public Works on Tuesday, September 19, 1989.

During the inspection, the following conditions were noted:

1. No further grubbing or grading work had been conducted in the Conservation area since the issuance of the Department's Cease and Desist Order on July 11, 1989;

2. The centerline of the access road and the permitted 45-foot road width boundaries were properly flagged and identified;

3. The boundary between the Agriculture and Conservation lands was also clearly marked and identified by road station marker number 69+50;

4. Some fallen trees (from the Agriculture portion) were cut into small sections and were being removed from the site. Mr. Kawada stated that full scale removal of the fallen trees would begin upon the completion of the grading of the drill site;

A total of (4) dozers (2 a drum roller/compactor, site;

o~9's,

and 2 1 D-8, and 1 D-7), a grader, serv1ce trucks were at the

Later in the day, Art drilling consultant for the Pacific site to inspect the of SOH-4 1s approximately located at the start of the property.

Sek i from HNEI, and John Deymonaz, a SOH project, arrived at the True/Midlocation of SOH-4. The proposed site 200 feet 1n from the security gate Campbell Estate (Agriculture portion)

The SOH-4 drill site will be adjacent to the True/Mid-Pacific access road and wi 11 be situated just outside of the 60 foot (width) boundary of the road. The proposed dri 11 pad wi 11 be approximately 10,000 square feet 1n s1ze and will be requ1re additional grubbing and grading of the area.

(4-1)

'

Mr. Seki indicated that he would be submitting to the County of Hawaii for review and approval, an archaeological and biological survey recent 1 y comp 1 eted by their consu 1 tants. Mr. Sek i a 1 so stated that he would be coordinating directly with Ross Cordy of the Division of State Parks and Historic Sites in fulfillment of the Historic Preservation Review requirements for the SOH project.

Prior to returning to the airport, I drove to the HGP-A facility to monitor the ongoing repairs at the power plant. At the facility, I met with Frank Hicks, consultant for NELH, who identified the following repairs taking place at HGP-A:

1. The steam/brine separator (on loan from PGV) had been installed and was being adjusted for maximum performance. The second separator wi 11 serve as a back-up to the primary separator when it is not in service;

2. The turbine was not in operation, and the steam/brine from the we 11 was being routed through the primary separator. The steam exiting the separator was going to the rock muffler and was being treated with caustic soda for abatement of H2S. The brine portion was being routed to the temporary sparger unit and percolation ponds;

3. The permanent sparger unit was being repaired due to some plugging of the flow of the brine from the separator;

4. Per Mr. Hicks, the rock muffler was also partially plugged and would be repaired sometime next week;

5. The cooling water supply lines were being replaced and many valves for the primary separator and other fixtures were under repair or being replaced;

6. Mr. Hicks estimated that all repairs to the HGP-A facility would be finished by the end of September or early October.

After completing my inspection of the HGP-A power plant facility, I returned to Honolulu at 6:00pm as scheduled.

Dean Nakano

. ')HN wAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII

STATE OF HAWAII

DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

P. 0. BOX 621

HONOLULU. HAWAII 96809

SEP 5 1989

True Geothermal Energy Company 8th Floor, C.R. Kendall Bldg. 888 Mililani Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Attention: Mr. Allan G. Kawada, Hawaii Representative

Gentlemen:

Approval of Amendments to Plan of Operation for Tme/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Wellsite A-1 and

Related Access Road, Puna, Hawaii

WILLIAM W. PATY, CHAIRPERSON

BOARD OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF

DEPUTY


AQUATIC RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND

ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS CONSERVATION AND

RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT

CONVEYANCES

FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE

LAND MANAGEMENT STATE PARKS WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

As a followup to the Board's lifting of the Department's cease and desist order, we acknowledge receipt of your letter dated August 25, 1989, providing required supplemental information (after the fact) on your Plan of Operations for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Wellsite A-1 and related access road in the Puna District.

In your letter, you have provided for our approval of the following revised metes and bounds description maps to be indentified as Attachment "A" to your previously submitted and approved Plan of Operations:

I. Revision of WeBsite A-1 from three acres to 5.74 acres (500ft. x 500 ft.).

2. Revision of Water Catchment Pond Area from 200 ft. x 300 ft. x 10 ft. deep to 300 ft. x 300 ft. x 12 ft. deep.

3. Increase m number of access road turnouts from a three to seven.

4. Increase m the access road width from 40 to -+5 ft.

Your original Plan of Operations, which was approved by the Board, states that off-site material would be required to develop the access road. Your description (identified as Attachment B) of the s<'urce and use of road constmction material from

True Geothermal Energy Company -2- SEP 5 1989

Iilewa Crater, a cinder pit quarry, for development of the access road is hereby approved as an amendment to your Plan of Operations.

Very truly yours,

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY HAWAII OFFICE 895 WEST RIVER CROSS ROAD 8th Floor, C. R. Kendall Building 888 Mililani Street Honolulu, Hav.e.ii 96813 Telephone: 528-3496 August 2 5, 19 8 9

Mr. William W. Paty, Director Department of Land and natural Resources (DLNR) State of Hawaii P. 0. Box 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809 Attention: Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director

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Phone (307) 237-9301 P.O. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming

82602

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Re: Request For Supplements To Plan of Operations.

Dear Mr. Paty:

Construction under the Plan of Operations submitted to the DLNR on February l, 1989, has raised additional considerations requiring the undersigned to seek the following revisions to said plans on behalf of True Geother 1 Energy Company, Operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Ventur .

DRILL SITE

The respective narE~i~s£!t ~e Plan of Operations and the Applicat'10n !or Perml€ to 15rplC: o rj!Cognized the possib~e need to expand the original drill S"l.tl!!' G AI up to e5t app oximately five (5) acres." ~ .e....._g_,_, Pla of Operations, Section 2, p. 4; Application for Permit to Drill, Section A, p. l. However, due to an error in communication, the attached metes and bounds description of drill site T/MPG 1 reflected an area of only three (3) acres. In order to bring e narrative description and metes and bounds description of the drill site into conformity, it is respecfully requested that the existing Plan of Operations be revised to authorize expansion of the drill site from three (3) acres to a dimension of 500' x 500' (approximately 5. 74 acres). A set of revised metes and bounds description of T/MPG Al reflecting the expanded dimensions of drill site is attached for review and approval as Attachment A.

WATER CATCHMENT

The Operator has recently reconsidered its water requirements for drilling purposes. Under the new strategy, the Operator desires to enlarge the current water catchment pond capacity from 200' x 300' x 10' to 300' x 300 x 12' in order to accomodate approximately 60 days of drilling (the estimated time to complete a well). This represents a total increase in surface area from 1.4 acres to 2.1 acres.

Mr. William Paty Page 2 August 25, 1989

The requested change wi 11 serve two purposes. First, the larger capacity will supply water for drilling at sites in the general vicinity of T/MPG Al. Second, the expansion of the water catchment pond will represent a consolidation of the pond at T/MPG Al and the pond at the planned second drill site. It is reasoned that the consolidation and elimination of the second pond will in the long run, minimize clearing of the forest and result in reducing both costs to the Operator and environmental impacts to the surrounding forest. This action is believed to be consistent with the intent of the Plan of Operations to control forest clearing.

The Operator, therefore, respectfully requests that the DLNR authorize the construction of a catchment pond having a surface dimension of 300' x 300'. This request is made with the understanding that no catchment pond will be built at the second drill site. A set of revised metes and bounds description reflecting the expanded dimensions of the water catchment pond 1s attached for review and approval as Attachment A.

ACCESS ROAD

The access road passes through highly irregular terrain along nearly its entire length. In conformity with safe engineering practices, the access road requires cutting and footings which will extend beyond the access road easement and into the Conservation District.

In order to satisfy safety requirements, the Operator respectfully requests that the 40' wide road corridor permitted under the Plan of Operations for the initial access road width be expanded to 45' to allow space for the supporting footing slopes. A set of revised metes and bounds description reflecting the expanded dimensions of the access roadway is attached for review and approval as Attachment A.

FILL MATERIAL

Construction presently underway has determined that the materials and soils available on-site are unsuitable as fill material for road and drill site construction. The soil lS clay-like in nature and will not meet the requisite degree of compaction without other materials. In the original Plan of Operations submitted in February 1989 and approved by the Board of


Land and Natural Resources in May 1989, a request was made to use cinder material from outside the project site. A request is made to affirm that approval. Consequently, the Operator respectfully requests authorization to use fill material not gathered from the project site. A description of the location of the source of cinder and lava fill materials is attached as Attachment A.

TURNOUTS

The Plan of Operations indicated the need for three (3) turnouts along the road corridor within the Conservation District. After the road was cleared, it was determined that the irregular terrain limits the line of sight to short distances thereby requireing four additional turnouts. Therefore, a metes and bounds description of the location and size of the respective turnouts are attached for review as Attachment A.

Please do not hesitate questions or require additional requested revisions.

AGK/ea

Enclosure

to contact information

me if you have in support of

any the

ATTACHMENT 8

The cinder and lava rock fill material to be used

for road construction purposes is to be taken from a

cinder pit located adjacent to Iilewa Crater. The cinder

pit is approximately one (1)

of the access road to the

Homestead.

mile south of the beginning

first drill site in Kaohe

The pit is in the middle of the Kilauea middle

rift zone. Lava flows and eruptions have occurred as

recently as 1955 in the area and the cinder mound was

formed as part of the 1955 eruption.

The area surrounding the pit is designed in the

agricultural district. Agricultural lots are adjacent to

Iilewa Crater but there are only a few scattered homes in

the immediate area.

Access to the pit is from the Pahoa-Kalapana

Road. The major vegetation in the area is young ohia due

to the recent eruptive events.

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY HAWAII OFFICE 895 WEST RIVER CROSS ROAD 8th Floor, C. R. Kendall Building 888 Mililani Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 Telephone: 528-3496 August 25, 1989

Mr. William W. Paty, Director Department of Land and natural Resources (DLNR) State of Hawaii P. 0. Box 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809 Attention: Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director

Re: Request For Supplements To Plan of

Dear Mr. Paty:

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Phone (3071 237-9301 P.O. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming

82602

1.:. ' "-' (.)1

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Construction under the Plan of Operations submitted to the DLNR on February 1, 1989, has raised additional considerations requiring the undersigned to seek the following revisions to said plans on behalf of True GeotherrrJ!l Energy Company, Operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Ventur1.

DRILL SITE I The respective narr~iv~sl~ the Plan of Operations and the

Applicat"i"'h for Perm1t to'"l'ir lr o r~ognized the possib?e need to expand the original drill tl!!' I G Al dp to of afJfJ oximately five (5) acres." See ~. Pla of Operations, Section 2, p. 4; Application for Permit to Drill, Section A, p. l. However, due to an error in communication, the attached metes and bounds description of drill site T/MPG l reflected an area of only three (3) acres. In order to bring e narrative description and metes and bounds description of the drill site into conformity, it is respecfully requested that the existing Plan of Operations be revised to authorize expansion of the drill site from three (3) acres to a dimension of 500' x 500' (approximately 5.74 acres). A set of revised metes and bounds description of T/MPG Al reflecting the expanded dimensions of drill site is attached for review and approval as Attachment A.

ji<ATER__i;_l;_'J'J,;HMENT

The Operator has recently reconsidered its water requirements for drilling purposes. Under the new strategy, the Operator desires to enlarge the current water catchment pond capacity from 200 • x 300' x 10' to 300' x 300 x 12' in order to accomodate approximately 60 days of drilling (the estimated time to complete a well). This represents a total increase in surface area from 1.4 acres to 2.1 acres.


The requested change wi 11 serve two purposes. First, the larger capacity will supply water for drilling at sites in the general vicinity of T/MPG Al. Second, the expansion of the water catchment pond will represent a consolidation of the pond at T/MPG Al and the pond at the planned second drill site. It is reasoned that the consolidation and elimination of the second pond will in the long run, minimize clearing of the forest and result in reducing both costs to the Operator and environmental impacts to the surrounding forest. This action is believed to be consistent with the intent of the Plan of Operations to control forest clearing.

The Operator, therefore, respectfully requests that the DLNR authorize the construction of a catchment pond having a surface dimension of 300' x 300'. This request is made with the understanding that no catchment pond will be built at the second drill site. A set of revised metes and bounds description reflecting the expanded dimensions of the water catchment pond is attached for review and approval as Attachment A.

ACCESS ROAD

The access road passes through highly irregular terrain along nearly its entire length. In conformity with safe engineering practices, the access road requires cutting and footings which will extend beyond the access road easement and into the Conservation District.

In order to satisfy safety requirements, the Operator respectfully requests that the 40' wide road corridor permitted under the Plan of Operations for the initial access road width be expanded to 45' to allow space for the supporting footing slopes. A set of revised metes and bounds description reflecting the expanded dimensions of the access roadway is attached for review and approval as Attachment A.

FILL MATERIAL

Construction presently underway has determined that the materials and soils available on-site are unsuitable as fill material for road and drill site construction. The soil is clay-like in nature and will not meet the requisite degree of compaction without other materials. In the original Plan of Operations submitted in February 1989 and approved by the Board of


Land and Natural Resources in May 1989, a request was made to use cinder material from outside the project site. A request is made to affirm that approval. Consequently, the Operator respectfully requests authorization to use fill material not gathered from the project site. A description of the location of the source of cinder and lava fill materials is attached as Attachment ~;

/

TURNOUTS

The Plan of Operations indicated the need for three (3) turnouts along the road corridor within the Conservation District. After the road was cleared, it was determined that the irregular terrain limits the line of sight to short distances thereby requi reing four addi tiona 1 turnouts. Therefore, a metes and bounds description of the location and size of the respective turnouts are attached for review as Attachment A.

Please do not hesitate questions or require additional requested revisions.

AGK/ea

Enclosure

to contact information

me in

if you support

have of

any the

ATTACHMENT B

The cinder and lava rock fill material to be used

for road construction purposes is to be taken from a

cinder pit located adjacent to I i lew a Crater. The cinder

pit is approximately one (l) mile south of the beginning

of the access road to the first drill site in Kaohe

Homestead.

The pit is in the middle of the Kilauea middle

rift zone. Lava flows and eruptions have occurred as

recently as 1955 in the area and the cinder mound was

formed as part of the 1955 eruption.

The area surrounding the pit is designed in the

agricultural district. Agricultural lots are adjacent to

Iilewa Crater but there are only a few scattered homes in

the immediate area.

Access to the pit is from the Pahoa-Kalapana

Road. The major vegetation in the area is young ohia due

to the recent eruptive events.

DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES Office of Conservation and Environmental,Af!=&ilfs'2: J3

Honolulu, Hawaii -- ---- ·

AUG 16 1989

MEMORANDUM

TO: Deputy Manabu Tagomori

FROM: Roger C. Evans, Administrator Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs

SUBJECT: Geothermal Violation

As you're aware, the Board has acted and follow-up Board action letters have been sent out.

We really appreciate your kokua in assigning, on a short-term temporary basis, two professionals and one clerical support person.

Without their assistance, the matter would remain unresolved today.

Please thank them for me.

This closes OCEA's active violation case as DOFAW will administer the contract called for.

cc: Chairman Paty

Okahara & Associates, fnc. . u

October 23, 1989 Letter No. 62033 Reference No. ~9045

Mr. William W. Paty, Director

ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS

Department of .Land and Natural Resources State of Hawaii P.O. Box 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809

Attn: Mr. Manabu Tagomori, Director

Subject: Permission to Blast Reserve Pit True Geothermal, Geothermal Site

.. '· 'R & . . . . . ';ii]{l

As suspected a solid layer of blue rock exists and without permission to blast, it would be a difficult task to remove this layer of solid blue rock. True Geothermal is once again requesting to raise the top of the bench for the upper reserve pit by 2 feet to elevation 1504 and raising the bottom of the pit by 3 feet to elevation 1495 thus making the pit shallower by 1 foot from the original 10 feet depth to a new depth of 9 feet.

We feel th~t this request is still within boundary limits of the "Plan of Operation."

Enclosed also are 3 sets of plans for your review.

Should there be any questions, please call me at 538-7716.

Sincerely,

/?[i£,(L ./2(4Li( Masahiro Nishida, P.E.

MN: js

Enclosure

Donald K. Okahara. P.E. • Melvin Tanaka. P.E. • Masahiro Nishida. P.E. 200 KOHOLA STREET • HILO. HAWAII 96720 • TELEPHONE (808) 961-5527

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII


CERTIFIED MAIL

Estate of James Campbell 828 Fort Street Mall, Suite 500 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Gentlemen:

P. 0. BOX 621


August 14, 1989



DEPUTIES

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF MANABU TAGOMORI

RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO



ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS CONSERVATION ANO

RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE LAND MANAGEMENT STATE PARKS WATER ANQ LAND DEVELOPMENT

We are pleased to inform you that the Notice and Order (File No. 90-02, Doc. No. 6084E) issued to you on July II, 1989 to cease and desist any further activity on the premises within the Conservation District was lifted by the Board of Land and Natural Resources at its meeting on August II, 1989, based on the following:

I. Violation

A. The Board found that a violation of Chapter 183-41 occurred relative to:

I. unauthorized clearing for a well site.

2. unauthorized grubbing for a well site.

3. unauthorized clearing for a water catchment pond.

4. unauthorized grubbing for a water catchment pond.

B. The Board imposed a total financial sanction of $16,638.00.

C. The Board required payment of the financial sanction under the following auspices:

That the landowner/permittee/developer enter into a contract in the amount of $15,000.00 to be administered by the Division of Forestry and Wildlife under the direct supervision of the Hawaii District Forester to clean up and post signs relative to the requirements of the Division of Forestry in the Nanawale Forest Reserve on the island of Hawaii.

Estate of James Campbell -2- August 14, 1989

D. Failure to comply with Section C within 30 days will result in the matter being turned over to the Department of Attorney General for appropriate action, including any adjusted and all additional administrative costs.

E. Within 60 days, the landowner/permittee/developer shall submit a revised after-the-fact metes and bounds description of the cleared and grubbed sites identifying each for consideration by the Department in accordance with the Board's conditions attached to the Board's Decision and Order.

II. Restoration

The Board required restoration of all cleared and grubbed areas not eventually used by the landowner/permittee/developer for the purpose of the Board's original Decision and Order at the determination of the Board.

III. Compliance

Upon non-compliance of Section C and E, the Board shall reimpose the existing Cease and Desist order issued in this matter.

WILLIAM W. PATY


FROM: Dean Nakano

SUBJECT: Site Inspection of True/Mid-Pacific's Grading Operations Located at Puna. Hawaii ITMK 1-02-10: 01 I

On Thursday, August 31, 1989, I traveled to Hila, Hawaii, and was met by Larry Okazaki from the Hila office of the Division of Land Management. We drove to the site of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's access road located near Kaohe Homesteads. The access road is located on Campbell Estate land and is secured by a gate and 24-hour security service. The access gate is located on the parcel of land classified as Agriculture (TMK 1-02-10: 01).

At the site we met with Stan Takemura and Warren Nishimura from the Hawaii County Department of Public Works, and Jim Taylor and Allan Kawada of True Geothermal Energy Company. Mr. Takemura and I verified the location of road station marker number 69+50, which was used in determining the boundary of the Agriculture portion and the beginning of the Conservation District.

Upon inspection of the operations, Messrs. Takemura and Nishimura both concluded that there was no violation of the grading permit issued by the County, and that all grading work was according to specifications and the limits of the Agriculture area. No grading or other activity was observed to be taking place in the Conservation District (TMK 1-02-10: 03). Photos from the site inspection are attached for our files.

There being a determination that all was in order and that work was proceeding as authorized, I drove to Hila, and returned to Honolulu that afternoon.

Dean Nakano

/ '.--1 l ~rY /

CO:LL:gb(717b) July 17, 1989

Memorandum \9 ' ,, .--, u

To: Manabu Tagomori

From: Libert K. Landgraf

Subject: True/Mid-Pacific Al-l

In Bill's and your absence, the attached cease and desist orders were sent out. Also attached are the reports of field surveys conducted by the staff of the Division of Water and Land Development.

Thanks to the staff's timely and accurate actions, we were able to respond to the violation in a prompt manner, preventing it from becoming a real or "media" issue.

Because geothermal programs are in DOWALD, it is more appropriate that DOWALD staff follow-up on this with OCEA. I am available to assist.

Attachments

cc: Chairperson Roger Evans, OCEA True/Mid-Pacific

27

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII



OEPUT!ES

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF MANABU TAGOMOAI

RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO

STATE OF HAWAII AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT

DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES PROGRAM


P. 0. BOX 621



RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE LAND MANAGEMENT STATE PARKS

August 14, 1989 WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

CERTIFIED MAIL

Mr. H.A. True, III True Geothermal Energy Company P.O. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming 82602

Dear Mr. True:

We are pleased to inform you that the Notice and Order (File No. 90-02, Doc. No. 6084E) issued to you on July 11, 1989 to cease and desist any further activity on the premises within the Conservation District was lifted by the Board of Land and Natural Resources at its meeting on August II, 1989, based on the following:

I. Violation








That the landowner/permittee/developer enter into a contract in the amount of $15,000.00 to .be administered by the Division of Forestry and Wildlife under the direct supervision of the Hawaii District Forester to clean up and post signs relative to the requirements of the Division of Forestry in the Nanawale Forest Reserve on the island of Hawaii.

(4Z-)

I I

ci .. ci <li :;; •

1 N ., "' .c .. u. . i E 0 LL

rn a.

Mr. H.A. True, III -2- August 14, 1989



II. Restoration


Ill. Compliance


P 548 503 S23

RECEIPT FOR CERTIFIED MAIL

Very truly yours~

0/McU .~ NO INSURANCE COVERAGE PROVIDED

NOT FOR INTERNATIONAL MAIL WILLIAM W. PATY (See Reverse)

Sent '<J.ir. H.A. True, III

Street ¥~?~?· Box 2360 t

P.O., State and ZIP Code Casper, Wyoming 82602

Postage $

Certified Fee

Special Delivery Fee

Restricted Delivery Fee

Return Receipt Showing to whom and Date Delivered

Return receipt showing to whom, Date, and Address of Oel1very

TOTAL Postage and Fees $

Po~tmark or Date

• SENDER: Complete items 1 and 2 when additional services are desired, and complete items 3 and 4.

Put your address in the "RETURN TO" Space on the reverse side. Failure to do this will prevent this card from being returned to you. The return receiot fee will provide you the name of the person delivered to and the date of deliverv. For addrttonai fees the foiiow1ng serv1ces are avatlabie. Consult postmaster for fees and check box(es) for additional service(s) requested. 1. 0 Show to whom delivered, date, and addressee's address. 2. 0 Restricted Delivery

(Extra charge) (Extra charge)

3. Article Addressed to:

Mr. H.A. True, III True Geothermal Energy Co. P.O. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming 82602

5. Signature - Address

X

[

4. Article Number p 548 503 523

Type of Service: 0 Registered

~ Certifie'!.:l. 0 Expr&ell_~il

0 Insured Ocoo [}3. Retum Receipt

for Merchandise

Always obtain signature of addressee or agent and DATE DELIVERED.

8. Addressee's Address (ONLY if requested and fee paid)

DOMESTIC RETURN RECEIPT

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII


CERTIFIED MAIL

Mr. Allan Kawada True Geothermal Energy Company C.R.Kendall Bldg., 8th floor 888 Mililani Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Dear Mr. Kawada:

P. 0. BOX 621


August 14, 1989

WILLIAM W. PATY, CHAIRPERSON ..,

SOARD OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

DEPUTIES


RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO




RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE LAND MANAGEMENT STATE PARKS WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

We are pleased to inform you that the Notice and Order (File No. 90-02, Doc. No. 6084E) issued to you on July 11, 1989 to cease and desist any further activity on the premises within the Conservation District was lifted by the Board of Land and Natural Resources at its meeting on August 11, 1989, based on the following:

I. Violation


1. unauthorized clearing for a well site.







Mr. Allan Kawada -2- August 14, 1989



II. Restoration


III. Compliance


Very truly yours, 0 t;MJ

WILLIAM W. PATY

•

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII


CERTIFIED MAIL


Gentlemen:

P. 0. BOX 621


August 14, 1989


BOARD OF LAND AND N ... TURAL RESOURCES

DEPUTIES


RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO






We are pleased to inform you that the Notice and Order (File No. 90-02, Doc. No. 6084E) issued to you on July II, 1989 to cease and desist any further activity on the premises within the Conservation District was lifted by the Board of Land and Natural Resources at its meeting on August II, 1989, based on the following:

I. Violation









Estate of James Campbell -2- August 14, 1989


E. Within 60 days, the landowner/pennittee/developer shall submit a revised after-the-fact metes and bounds description of the cleared and grubbed sites identifying each for consideration by the Department in accordance with the Board's conditions attached to the Board's Decision and Order.

II. Restoration


III. Compliance


WILLIAM W. PATY

State of Hawaii DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Conservation & Environmental Affairs Honolulu, Hawaii

August II, 1989

Chairperson and Members Board of Land and Natural Resources State of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii

Gentlemen:

Violation of Conservation District Land Use & Permit By True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture, Puna, Hawaii

BACKGROUND

The Board of Land and Natural Resources in its Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law, and Decision and Order on April 11, 1986, approved the Conservation District Use Permit (COUP) HA-12/20/85/1830 issued to the Estate of James Campbell, True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture which authorized the exploration and development of geothermal resources on Campbell Estate land (TMK: 1-2-10:03) located in Puna, Hawaii.

In accordance with the Decision and Order, True Geothermal Energy Co., operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture submitted a Plan of Operations and a metes and bounds description for the first exploratory well site (True/Mid-Pacific Well Al-l) and the access road to the Department for approval on February 6, 1989.

At its regular meeting of March 23, 1989, the Board approved the Plan of Operation and the metes and bounds description.

The approved metes and bounds identified the clearing and grubbing of three acres for the well site.

FACTS

During June 17-23, 1989, True Geothermal Energy Co. completed its clearing and grubbing operations.

On June 30, 1989, staff inspected the completed grubbing operations for the access road and the well site and determined that the cleared well site area exceeded three acres.

An additional area was cleared and grubbed for a water catchment pond which was not identified in the approved metes and bounds description.

A land survey of the total area, conducted on July 11, 1989, indicated that approximately 8.4 acres were cleared for the well site and catchment pond (Attachment 1).

On July II, 1989, a Notice and Order to cease and desist any further activity on the premises within the Conservation District was issued to Campbell Estate and True Geothermal Energy Company (Attachment 2).

ITEM H-6

(4-1)

:·· .. ~

Chairperson and Members Commission on Water Resource Management August 11, 1989

ANALYSIS

(I) Based upon the land survey, the clearing and grubbing exceeded the three-acre approved metes and bound description for the well site.

(2) The area cleared and grubbed for a water catchment pond was not approved.

RECOMMENDATION

I. Violation

A. That the Board find:

I. That a violation of Chapter 183-41 relative to unauthorized clearing occurred for a well site.

2. That a violation of Chapter 183-41 relative to unauthorized grubbing occurred for a well site.

3. That a violation of Chapter 183-41 relative to unauthorized clearing occurred for a water catchment pond.

4. That a violation of Chapter 183-41 relative to unauthorized grubbing occurred for a water catchment pond.

B. That the Board impose the following fmancial sanctions:

I. A financial penalty in the amount of $500.00 per violation for four violations for a total of $2,000.00.

2. Administrative costs in the amount of $1 ,638.00 be repaid to the Department.

For a total fmancial sanction of $3,638.00.

C. That the Board require payment of the financial sanctions under the following auspices:


D. That failure to comply with Section C within 30 days, the matter be turned over to the Department of Attorney General for appropriate action including any adjusted and all additional administrative costs.

-2-

•,

Chairperson and Members Commission on Water Resource Management August II, 1989

E. That within 60 days, the landowner/permittee/developer submit a revised after-the-fact metes and bounds description of the cleared and grubbed sites identifying each for consideration by the Department in accordance with the Board's conditions attached to the Board's Decision and Order.

II. Restoration

F. That the Board require restoration of all cleared and grubbed areas not eventually used by the landowner/permittee/developer for the purpose of the Board's original Decision and Order at the determination of the Board.

III. Compliance

Attach.

G. That upon non-compliance of the Department's action relative to Section C and E, the Board reimpose the existing Cease and Desist order issued in this matter.

MlTTAL

Respectfully submitted,

-~;;;;;;;~ -====::::'::)::._------...._

ROGER EVANS Administrator

!AM W. PATY, Chairperson

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nrs BLDG Mr L .. P0l

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Ciiiz:etts for Jie-spcmsibkin.ergg JJer~p~~wfffff'ifF'fstna

Mr. '111111"-~. !'.ot;.t. C:h9ir !!baru of Land & llst.ural ReBour·ce• State of H•;.raii

CJ{EDM t?a :!Jox 35 8 . '" • · :Eu. 1-f:lz 'View) :f{awa.ii 96111-' ;. ';ENT

F1 August 191'9

Ile:Jartment of Lawi & NRtur«l Re~Jurces Post Offic~ !lox 6~1. qonolul u, Ha••ai \ 96&>9

Dear- Mr, Paty:

Creda~ woul1 Uk~ to p::"!Sent toe foc.low:n<C Co:".·.·r,ts to U.• Bo:"··l roo• o"n•id.<·r"tl.on •t ytlur Au~•J't 1l, 19~' m~~tlne.

F1r~)t is th-! i!Stl~ of Tru.e/Mid ... Paalfi.c O.~r.,thl"!rtrl,..l V•nt.urE-•s vi.olet.ion~ in the.- Puna Fot"f!'St Rest!l'"Vtll:. AA yau kno~, th~ Bo.;~:r,l i~->EU~d a D!'O¢iA~Otl ~ oro .. r ft'lr tJd,,~ pi"r)ject on 11 A;"'ril 19BIS. '<I~ ooll y.;.ur att~nuor, flrot tn C<>ndl.ti6r. 6(g) CLE~R.IN·): " ... the Appli.ca!'!t,.,sh.,ll ... (.\) Provid~ ~ m•t."s r.r.d bour.dR ce"cripllin""ofproposed wen Sius ... and (ii) M~rl< to~ boun~r\eo of the l·•ll •lb:~ .. ,•uch thot no • ., ~'l~,hAnt. 9h~ll be permi.tted beyond suoh bo.,,d,.io~", &th o! tl':e•~ Con:lltlon~ were e1ARrly ~iol~tAd,

Further, Cond;.";inno 6(t) ARC'lAF.'lLOOICAl PLV~ and 6(h) 1\IDLOOIGII SUR'IEY ooto r~l)uire thot an Rl'•A £. ~ ~ ~ 1•re~~ th"'' th• wd] ~~t• b~ surv~ye<l, The Aro)Ht~(')losieal Surv~y ccrt~rej o~u1 area " ... c1o.'3~ to 3 ~~r.:-t~~ ~r lt•nd sut:"au .. ~1n,e the ,r.;d.noint of t'·IF WP1J ,a~· (ArchnAolo~lo.al ~uMWV by 1/iill.~" !le>r,k, P•<r• 7, •u1,.,:\tted to DWR), w~ll urr~"r ~l~ tre 7.1ll iiCr~s clP,-re·,1 1 whil~ th~ Boiloiioal S'Jrvey C•'JV~t"'l";;:! "•••.:tn ar~(', a~.JI.lt. j()O f~ll!'t S'~USre ••• "' (:9\.-,lt"l~it-~1 5i.1rvey hy C\\'l:!.rlP.S Lal"''~r~rtu'Ft t:'!t, al,,pi:'t,r~ ~, al:5o suh:::ttt~tj to fJl!!:~) ,')J" .5.7 ac-re~, .=,lso well W1.:ltr th~ ~~tu~l ar~~ cle~reC,

w~ t''lUS urg~ th~ Soard. to M1force Cond~. tinn ? , REli\)!".ffiS'IJ...Tl(\~T (A.ll .;\l!'l'll.!def'l ll!rf':!R.S,'

~Mll l>P 1'efor~st.~·l.,,) and C~ndltlon ?7, FD'J';'i (Ar.;· Vi~l"tin of :my l'r.rticul•r ~~niition An:~ ota~h oco~ur~~'lc··· tfu.ar>Pof !li:\;1ll be S\.''t'j~:~l t.:. ~ filiA a::; provirl"!'d hy law).

<I~ ;•oul•J also o>.ll you;· ~tt~·>ti8n tt• :::nr ': i.i•)r·• ~:aJ VE1-•':lll~ 1 f>(o) AP" ~tti-J,JTY r--01\"ITCHI:.HlG J>H:.)~ •. ?.M~,' ;.n,:1 G (.) ~~.:--rs·,~ lwi::~r ·.~ r~. ;._TN.) Pii/''·G~-~~- '~ t ~ 1":-• '' ,~ 1•\ 0! •. ~ ~,, 1. e!·) th(! Publlo !'our::ht lo~t an·1 hol') t·• Lv•; i.nclu.:•.:' ·,, t:·.r D:\ "c .. : f''i:t o,,t th·t Tru~/ llid-P-..,if\C'I h-!i!!! .-.;11J ... -~ ·:/~ th ... J .. ~·'"'t ··:·~ ~~ L .. ,· 1, .; .. c····. t.:. St;~·~l· rtl.,ll:t ~!O 'ify !.:\c'". of t'" e .. ·•

'.Ji~r~··. ~:1.1. oft';~ .-'"."'vr, vt" f~·r:\. ~t;.):--<'~·· 7 t])':lt Tru~/~~1.·-:-~~~~ific he~ S~(W'l1 a C:>!'!!~:'!l~te lack of good :!'aith i~ com:olyl.nl!' wl th the Deci•i"~ 8: Or l~r, and urge th~ !lo,.rd to c~nsider revo¥ing their pennit,

The second item on which we wish t.1 con:mP.nt is thu proposed Title 13 Rules governing geothe!'llln pennittl.ne. Wt> crw:~ the Boal'Cl to remand the'e Rules back to the DLNR for addtUnr;al revisions. We call yor atter.tion to our previous eom~.ent! <>n thASe Rul•s, and th~ latest comments s&~itte1 by Attorn~y Cynthia Thi•l•~.

-~·~~ Earl Wnn

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII

WILLIAM W. PAT¥, CHAIRPERSON

BOARD OF lA~O A~O ~ATURAL RESOURCES

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF

DEPUTY


STATE OF HAWAII


ENVIRONMENTAL AFfAIRS CONSERVATION AND

DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT CONVEYANCES

P. 0. BOX 373


FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE LAND MAN.AGEMENT STATE PARKS WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

August 3, 1989

CERTIFIED MAIL


Gentlemen:

It has been brought to our attention that State Conservation District zoned lands located within the Kilauea Middle East Rift Geothermal Resource Subzone, further identified as TMK: 1-2-10:03, were utilized without the required authorization and approval of rhe Board of Land and Natural Resources.

The Board of Land and Natural Resources will be asked to consider this alleged violation of the Conservation District Rules relating to the excess clearing and grubbing of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's well site AI-l and water catchment pond without Department approval, and that the maximum sanction allowed under law be imposed.

Prior to taking action, the Board, pursuant to Chapter 91-9, Hawaii Revised Statutes, informs you of the following:

I. Date. time, place and nature of meeting

This matter will be included on the Land Board's agenda at its regular scheduled meeting of August II, 1989 at 8:30 a.m. or soon thereafter in the State Office Building at Lihue, Kauai.

2. Legal authority under which the hearing is to be held

The Board derives its authority from Article X, Section 2 of the Hawaii State Constitution, and in this specific case, Chapter 183, Hawaii Revised Statutes, as amended and Title 13, Chapter 2 of the Administrative Rules.

(3?)

The Estate of James Campbell -2-

3. The particular sections of the statutes and rules involved

a. Section 183-41, Hawaii Revised Statutes, a~ amended.

b. Sections 13-2-21 and 13-2-22 of Administrative Rules.

4. Issues involved

a. That the clearing and grubbing operations by True Geothermal Energy Company, operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture, exceeded the three-acre approved metes and bounds description for the well site (Al-l).

b. That an additional area cleared and grubbed for a water catchment pond was not included in the metes and bounds description approved by the Department.

5. Notice

Notwithstanding extensive discussion between the alleged violators and this Department, a bill of particulars in the form of a submittal will be forwarded you under separate cover so that you will have a reasonable period to review it prior to Board consideration.

6. Counsel

You are entitled under the law to retain counsel if you so desire in this matter. Further, you or your counsel will be afforded an opportunity to present evidence and argument on all issues involved.

Very truly yo

~ cc: Mr. Rod Moss

Mr. Benjamin Matsubara

JOHN WAtHEE

GOVER~R OF HAW.lll



CERTIFIED MAIL

Mr. Allan Kawada True Geothermal Energy Company C.R. Kendall Bldg., 8th floor 888 Mililani Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Dear Mr. Kawada:

P. 0. BOX 373


August 3, 1989

WtLltAM W. PATY, CHAIRPERSON

BO.lRD OF l.A.~D ,IJ<j0 ~ATURAL RESOURCES

LtBERT K. LANDGRAF

DEPUTY

AOUACUL lURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM



RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE LAND MAN.-,GEMENT STATE PARKS WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

It has been brought to our attention that State Conservation District zoned lands located within the Kilauea Middle East Rift Geothermal Resource Subzone, further identified as TMK: 1-2-10:03, were utilized without the required authorization and approval of the Board of Land and Natural Resources.

The Board of Land and Natural Resources will be asked to consider this alleged violation of the Conservation District Rules relating to the excess clearing and grubbing of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's well site AI-l and water catchment pond without Department approval, and that the maximum sanction allowed under law be imposed.


1. Date, time, place and nature of meeting

This matter will be included on the Land Board's agenda at its regular scheduled meeting of August 11, 1989 at 8:30a.m. or soon thereafter in the State Office Building at Lihue, Kauai.



Mr. Allan Kawada -2-


a. Section 183-41, Hawaii Revised Statutes, as amended.


4. Issues involved

a. That the clearing and grubbing operations by True Geothermal Energy Company, operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture, exceeded the three-acre approved metes and bounds description for the well site (Al-l).


5. Notice


6. Counsel


Very truly yours,

WILLIAM W. PATY

cc: Mr. Rod Moss Mr. Benjamin Matsubara

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF H~WAII



CERTIFIED MAIL

Mr. H.A. True, III True Geothermal Energy Company P.O. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming 82602

Dear Mr. True:

P. 0. BOX 373

HONOLULU. HAWAII 966!XI

August 3, 1989


SOARD Of LAND AHD NATURAL RESOURCES

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF

DEPUTY



ENVIRONMENTAL AfFAIRS CONSERVATION AND


It has been brought to our attention that State Conservation District zoned lands located within the Kilauea Middle East Rift Geothermal Resource Subzone, further identified as TMK: 1-2-10:03, were utili?.ed without the required authorization and approval of the Board of Land and Natural Resources.

The Board of Land and Natural Resources will be asked to consider this alleged violation of the Conservation District Rules relating to the excess clearing and grubbing of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's well site A 1-1 and water catchment pond without Department approval, and that the maximum sanction allowed under law be imposed.


1. Date. time. place and nature of meeting

This matter will be included on the Land Board's agenda at its regular scheduled meeting of August 11, 1989 at 8:30 a.m. or soon thereafter in the State Office Building at Lihue, Kauai.



Mr. H.A. True, III -2-


a. Section 183-41, Hawaii Revised Statutes, as amended.


4. Issues involved

a. That the clearing and grubbing operations by True Geothermal Energy Company, operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture, exceeded the three-acre approved metes and bounds description for the well site (A 1-1 ).


5. Notice


6. Counsel


Very tru. ly yours,l;

~ Luf · WILLIAM W. PATY

cc: Mr. Rod Moss Mr. Benjamin Matsubara

-::r

0 LLI

Ll":> •-,~,..

0..

LtJ

'

True Geothermal Company

P.O. Box 2360

Casper WY 82602

H.A. True·Jr.:

Route 4, Box 169

Loisa, VA 23093

July 25, 1989

Because you are so anxious to trade off Hawaii's Wao Kele Puna rainforest for

the power of money, I am hoping you live to be very old so you can fully appreciate

the damage you are doing to life on Earth. You may find it rather uncomfortable

because, along with Exxon, you and your Company are earning a reputation of

irresponsible misuse of our planet's resources for short term profits while

ignoring the long term destruction of natural beauty. When the last square inch

of wilderness has been turned to profit where will you spend your vacation and

holidays -- in Disneyland or a golf course or some artificially manufactured and

exclusively sterile tourist trap for the wealthy? Is that the kind of person you· are?

I have sent copies of this letter to the following persons and groups:

Mayor Bernard Akana

Pele Defense Fund

Rainforest Action Network

Gov. John Waikee

,_ z

¢<.'S 1.l1 o::: "'Z U"J r----~

.. ,, ···:t I

!,,, " •"'

' .. ) '· '

Sincerely,

Ross Weaver

All< __ ~tiReWaiBlllOtton C.noutred>

__ Agpropriatc <.ottt~~tlon

---r~:rect roolv :c!'/:..:c: GoYernar} --lL lOIJI' lrJfon:l:tt:)I"L'fllt

__ Jrofr rt::l!' ~,:.,~ ~'TIOf'l SL9.1Clt\.it"!

-- FoUc. U.lo:~;-'.:IJ.:t

__ Sz:Onit tCIPY c· r:::!.OJC-;r:;i! : 11' crw)

--'"" sci~u,..Hsl

lJf-H~· WAIHEE

(.(!Vl 11NOA 0> H~W~II

WILliAM W, PATY, CHAIRP[RSO"<

BO~RO Or l-"ND ~NO N~lUA~l RfSO.·o:l:S

DLPU11(S

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF MANABU TAGQMORI

RUSSELL N, FUKUMOTO

STATE OF 1-l~V{All ... \2 :c J ; 0 5 AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM


P. 0. BOX 621

HONOLULU, HAWAII 968D9L; v. Gt h~ ~~ l ER &


ENVIRONMENTAl AfFAIRS CONSERVATION AND

Lt.:t0 c~:·li ~LCF:IrENT RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT

CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE LAND MANAGEMENT STATE PARK$

July 11, 1989

N 0 T I C E

Mr. Allan Kawada True Geothermal Energy Company C. R. Kendall Bldg., 8th Floor 888 Mililani Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Dear Mr. Kawada:

A N D 0 R D E R


FILE NO.: 90-02 DOC. NO.: 6084E

SUBJECT: Illegal Activity Within the Conservation District, Clearing and Grubbing at Kilauea Middle-East Rift Subzone, Hawaii

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that you are in violation of Title 13, Chapter 2, entitled Administrative Rules of the Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawaii, Providing for Land Use Within the Conservation District, enacted pursuant to Chapter 183-41, Hawaii Revised Statutes.

An inspection of the premises on which your activity has been conducted was made on June 30, 1989, by the Department of Land and Natural Resources.

The premises, Tax Map Key: 1-2-10: 03, is within the Conservation District. In your submitted Plan of Operations, approved by the Board on March 23, 1989, the subject clearing and grubbing of well site Al-l was identified by metes and bounds as encompassing an area of three (3) acres. It was observed that clearing and grubbing has occurred on land in excess of three acres without written permission of the Department of Land and Natural Resources.

YOU ARE HEREBY ORDERED TO CEASE any further activity on the premises within the Conservation District. Should you fail to cease such illegal activity immediately, the Department of Land and Natural Resources shall seek a court order to enforce Title 13, Chapter 2, and to include a five hundred dollar ($500.00) fine per day, per violation, in addition to all administrative costs, after receipt of this NOTICE AND ORDER.

It is suggested that you contact our Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs at 548-7837 for any further information.

Encl.

cc: Board Members Land Management DOC ARE

Very truly yours,


LIAM W. PATY airperson and Member Board of Land and Natural Resources

J~HN WAIHEE

C.OVlR,.OR Or HAW.&.U


P. 0. BOX 621


July 11, 1989

N 0 T I C E A N D

Mr. H. A. True, III True Geothermal Energy Company P. 0. BOX 2360 Casper, Wyoming 82602

Dear Mr. True:

0 R D E R

WILLIAM W. PATY, CHAIKf'ERSO•,

BO.&.kO 01 lA,_O A"D ,_AT URAL IH~C·~·~:~':

O(PUTI~S

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF MANABU TAGOMDAI

RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO




RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT CONVEYANCES fORESTRY AND WILDLIFE

LAND MANAGEMENT STATE PARKS


FILE NO.: 90-02 DOC. NO.: 6084E

SUBJECT: Illegal Activity Within the Conservation District, Clearing and Grubbing at Kilauea Middle-East Rift subzone, Hawaii






Encl.

cc: Board Members Land Management DO CARE

Very truly yours,


.,,r ILLIAM W. PATY

Chairperson and Member Board of Land and Natural Resources

JO\:N 'WAIHEE

' (;.C>vU<NOA Qf ~~ ... ~11


P. 0. BOX 621

HONOLUlU, HAWAII 96609

July 11, 1989

NOTICE A N D 0 R D E R


Gentlemen:

WILLIAM W, PATY, CHA1Rf'(R5J.._

BO~kO Of L~Nl> ~ND N~IUAAI AlSO.~:~~

OEPUIIES

LIBE:AT K. LANDGRAF MANABU T AGOMORI

RUSSEll N. FUKUMOTO

AQUACUL lURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM


ENVIRONMENTAL AfFAIRS CONSERVATION AND


WATER .-.No LAND DEVELOPMENT

FILE NO.: 90-02 DOC. NO.: 6084E

SUBJECT: Illegal Activity Within the Conservation District, Clearing and Grubbing at Kilauea Middle-East Rift Subzone, Hawaii






Encl.

cc: Board Members Land Management DOC ARE

Very truly yours,


airperson and Member Board of Land and Natural Resources

\ ( --_)' -"-,__)


FROM: Dean Nakano

SUBJECT: Measurement of Width of Access Road to Geothermal Well Site (True/Mid-Pacific A1-1) Authorized Under the Conservation District Use Permit Issued to Campbell Estate (ref. HA-12/20/85-1830)

In addition to the drill site inspection and survey conducted on July 11, 1989, of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's proposed well - T/MP A1-1, located in the Puna District, on the island of Hawaii, field measurements of the access road to the drill site were made.

Measurements using a nylon tape were taken of the width of the grubbed access road, at approximately 100 foot intervals between road stakes #65 and #64 (stake numbers not verified).

(Note: Measurements were taken for ( 1) the width of the driveable portion of the access road, and (2) the width between the outer edges of the cleared area which included the ''spill-over'' of grubbed material.)

The measurements are as follows:

Reference Point Road Width Measu remer· t

At road stake #65----------------------------15 ft. (driveable) 20 ft. (cleared)

100 ft. from stake #65-----------------------17 ft. (driveable) 19 ft. (cleared)

200 ft. .. -----------------------15 ft . (driveable) 30 ft. (cleared)

300 ft. .. -----------------------15 ft . (driveable)

32 ft. (cleared) 400 ft.

.. -----------------------16 ft . (driveable) 28 ft. (cleared)

Several typical photographs of the access road cut were taken and are attached for our files and reference.

Dean Nakano

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FROM: Dean Nakano

SUBJECT: Survey of Grubbed Area for Geothermal Well Site (True/Mid-Pacific A1-1 l Authorized Under the Conservation District Use Permit Issued to Campbell Estate (ref. HA-12/20/85-1830)

On July 11, 1989, I traveled to Hilo, Hawaii and was met at the airport by the survey crew from the Department of Accounting and General Services (DAGS). The survey party (consisting of Messrs. Andy Hirata, Mel Harada, and Harold Kamei) and I then proceeded to the site of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's proposed well - T /MP A 1-1, located in the Puna District, on the island of Hawaii.

Prior notice of our Department's intent to inspect the area was given and the landowner's (Campbell Estate) approval to enter the property was received from Allan Kawada, agent for the operator True Geothermal Company.

Upon arrival at the drill site, the survey crew set up and began taking measurements of the area grubbed by the developer. The results of the survey indicate that a total of 367,851.875 square feet or 8.445 aces were grubbed and cleared. (A plot plan showing the area/metes and bounds prepared by the DAGS Survey Division, in addition to several photos of the drill site are attached.)

Dean Nakano

Attach.

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fP'd f'-e;-,r-r·r,l fr-r..,.ri~r~r' (T ... ·lCf) t~ ec:.'c}nrt r fh~lC~ :::U!.:'Y0 "' <~~ t11(' i(·lF:1tl r-f

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MEMDRANDUM.FDR THE RECORD

FRU1:

SUBJECT:

Dear. rJa~ano

Inspect1..:::-n of Venture's Acc8ss Roaa Wel 1 True;Mid-Paclflc

True/Mid-Faclflc Geothermal and Drill Site for Geothermal .::..1-1 ! ocate.j at Pun::1. H·:tirial 1_

Un Fr"lday, June JC:, i·._:,.j:·-:1, .L ~~~aveled tc Hllc., Hawa11 "Cc· conauct a f~eld i~s~Jeclion of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's (T/M--P access r·oc.d and dr·1li 3lte for· geothenna1 l..;e-11 frue/t·1ia-_':J·J.c-,f .!-· l. :ocated on Campbe·i l E:::-tate -lcl.lld 111 Puna. ~av-1a11.

en t!'r8 T/:v1-P aild

of A l :an r e;-.::. r·-es-.snt 1 :·;_:.; the ·: :-:indo\"iner· Camobe -~ l Estate, 1 n ~' c:-._\..J -S.d ·"'-'

d.ddit:c:.n to P~_::Jne 1 f r ~)ill t.he Ha·.·Jal1 ·:=-:::;~r""";tJ Plann;r,;:;

:\f-r;:;r· ;_,_r-r··arJg-ing tu bc·i~rclvl 3. -1--\tiD 'iEhlc-:e from the Hll·~: L3.t!;J

l~::t:Jag~~noer.·t ·:iff i c.~e, 't.Je drove t·:::: Panc::.a Town and then proceeded t;:· t1·.e s ·1 tE: / , a 1~he ~-au he rlomestea\J RrJad 1 t-·1 i .jd -~ e Rc::-ad) \.-...;(11 c..:h ! etj ·-·~· t:-~c

. .:.';ir .. ···:..ultt...;rs :.:-:)ntd ·:,3-mpbe-~-~ Est3.te lcu1d -~ocated 1r1 the .a!T:al.ll

,._ .. ugim:.-:.t._:· and S·.1nfc·~'d I~N'3ta.

;, ~~-1-Jf2<'t 1cn.

dc~er cp0ratorl ~lsc JOlned ~son tre

Tf:2 r--.t.~•tJiy gr·ubced ·i.c_.es~~ r·oao \appn_J>;lma.'l:.e-ij· :n·; :e~:- ·:c;.r:;:J.

c~3ver·se~ :an·obel~ Es~ate lands bey1nn111~ from t~e ~.3ma 1 11 GR~- anu pr·.:.:_.c.e.;;::~;js ~ n d '-:jen.:--;r-a lly· .:;._;uthwe;:;ter 1 y ;j: 1"8·:_·. t l c:n 1 !ltC ~ ,,_:

Sor1SE~~\~t~Qn J1str i-~t located i•1 the !·.ila~ea M1adle [3St R1~~ G~S. E:;tr·.~ r ... _-) :·)le r·:.Jacj 1 ~ 2-Ecur ed oy :]. g:.1.t.e l ::.1cat2c! r~e.'.:l.r ::he c.:.::.unc:::-3.:--·,

::..gr:-:.:::,~Jl·ture ;::,c.t~tl-~Jql lan-j ltJ t)--,e

::·'LE 1..::- ::.urn::rt;y im·it.e~j t.c_- ~---·t: __ :

f.:.·~t:r·~: ... -:.3 S\i<J~t-1' ·.~-.e~-.s n·:.t.•ceci ~---~.j:n.j -:-:n :·,·:;r·seC-ack ~ntc t)1e Cl':::::r:e:--t·. 3.!-~::g t!··"-:.: :s.c.: ... e.:;:::; ro·:~d. t-1r·. l-a""ad3. :-t:~viSed the So,.o.;ett p.s,rt_\ L.h:3.L. T>"12~, v.J::::;rt.::: -~~n iJ~'l"v'dt.e 'C.'ii.i~.;be-11 t=-.::-tat:..e-~ ·J·::tn~J an.j ti,...~a.t t)l8J .. 11cl n,::;-;:-_ f'-.a-,E: -~:x:e i-:'Uidr;y.;:l~.~r- ;::; ~t'.Jtf",·::·t"l=:::--tt:-:::;n ~:_c_, -:::nter· ~·1rs. Sv-.·ett. rep IIEC L-hr-1r-... r-_r,.,::-. 13n;J e·~,:=.l12.r19e bet:-·Hf'!E:r-~ ti-tE State ~1.nd :arnpLei ::=.:;t:::i.te ;. ... ·::t-:.: ~- t -~ ., ·1 ·1 r. .. -! -:::. ·1 ? :. t 1 .y 1 and a 3 s u ~-; h the f.J r-ap e:r-:.. i s -:::_ i ! l be -, G r: g e d t G t n s ::,;:: .. :'1te Hld 1-'-1-;;.;::; ~:.her·,:,::;fcr·e ~l_jbl i-:::. pr-::;pc;r~t_,-. Ti·.e S·'riet:_s t::hsn !=r··-=::-c:eece;J ~-~_; -::=.~~-::- .;::~te '/~s -cr-.e a:~·--=e~.s road.

Up(}n ·each.n<j d r 1 l l ite. lGcat1o·~ l~t t~.e water ~at2hmer1t ~lt, drl-11 pad. and mud Plt :sumpJ. :,.1~ t~h~ :::r-1 ~ ·1 ,--;:,·: t.e, r-.-:;-r·:::;.e rTL'Hiur·e dr·,~·-c;:,--lr:gs were noti·.:ec' b:i ::1.:::- ·:jr-··.>J~J

v.-i·~~-~cr·: 1nd1c.::t~ed ent!'-)-' c:-:lt,:J t.1·1e rJr·:.·cer·t/ by otf~,er- car--t·leS r_:,(·tc-r -~o

:1 h . l e I ea-.; 1 n g t. fl e d r i 1 ~ ~~ 1 t e are a , Pod n e y t'J a\ _an·.::-.. p c 1 r~ ted o u L

n~any e~amples of l~trcduced spec1es of guava 3nd str·awberry guava. arlj the pliint M5labar melastome gr·ow1ng w1th1n the forest area.

esccr"tlng bot;-, myself a'l() Rodney r-Jakanc: onto tile p~·-c-per t._y to 1 ns;..::e-~___;t tf-1e grubb 1 ng cf ::t~~e access r·-::>~td

3.itJ dr·1ll ::;;-1te. />.fter dt~·c-pr)1n-3 off M(. t-1-:-tkanc at the Cout-:tJ bull'JinS :_,ric) ~-etJt"nlng t:!'to;:;- S::.at"=- ·,e)-i!Cle. I !~e-:_ur·ned -:,-::::, Hsnol·._~lu

+ater t>·,3t da)-.

JOHN WAIHEE

' GOVERNOR OF HAWAII

AIO : 55 STATE OF HAWAII


L.J. vr \'i ATER _§. p o. sox "' 1 .... ~. ( : _ , ._.;t·"foit.NT HONOLULU, HAWAII 96809 Ln-\J -' ._,_

June 16, 1989

MEMORANDUM



DEPUTIES


RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO





TO: Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director, Commission on Water Resource Management

FROM: Ralston H. Nagata, State Parks Administrator

SUBJECT: True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's Plan of Operations for Geothermal Exploration Activities -- Archaeological Research Design Multiple, Puna, Hawaii

HISTORIC SITES SECTION CONCERNS:

This responds to the archaeological research design which you passed to Dr. Cordy in the afternoon of June 13, 1989, and follows up on his conversation with you on June 15, 1989.

Generally, we find the research design acceptable. We believe that some points should be made clearer, and we have thought of some additional points. Rather than require the applicant to revise, which would take extra time, we have prepared a revised document. This document includes most of the points in the submitted design. It adds a few minor points. It also clearly presents each needed task. If this revised document is acceptable, then we believe that the archaeological research design condition of the CDUA can be considered to have been met.

In the case of the first development area, Bonk's surface survey adequately covers the access road and the first drill site. since this survey has been done and covered all project areas, Step l of the approaches called for in the research design ("Background Preparation -- Predictions") can be waved. (It must be done for future projects, and it will cut down areas needing survey.) For this first development area (the access road and drill site), the only survey task remaining is archaeological monitoring, which should occur only in soil areas after grubbing and grading of the road and drill site.

Note: Development Area A's access road to the proposed power plant and the plant area are not covered in Bonk's surv y, so those project elements should be treated as a separate historic preservation re iew case, starting with Step 1 in the research approaches of the research design.

Attachment (Revised Design)

cc: J. Kennedy, Archaeological

R E S E A R C H D E S l G N

F' 0 R

A R C H A E 0 L 0 G l C A L S U R V E Y M E T H 0 D S

ARCHAEOLOGICAL PLAN GEOTHERMAL EXPLORATlON ACTIVITIES

TRUE/MID-PACIFIC GEOTHERMAL VENTURE

Required under CDUA HA-1830

-1-

INTRODUCTION

A variety of archaeological sites are expected in the vast forest lands where True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture will be conducting its geothermal exploration activities. Although the sites' distribution generally will be sparse and although most project activities may well miss the sites, it is important to have adequate plans to identify historic sites, so the sites can be avoided or appropriately mitigated. Special identification problems exist in forest lands, and for this reason, an archaeological research design for archaeological survey methods was required under CDUA HA-1830 (Findings of T<"act, consultions of Law and Decision and Order, April 11, 1986) as part of an Archaeological Plan.

PREHISTORIC & EARLY HISTORIC LAND USE IN THE PROJECT AREA AND ANTICIPATED HISTORIC SITES

Historical and archaeological work in this other similar environmenta 1 zones on Hawaii that prehistorically such areas were used for:

area, as well in Island, indicate

1. Forest Product Exploitation. Bird-feathers, timber, vines, etc. were collected in the forests at or near work sites, and campsites were nearby. These sites should be scattered around much of the project area, in low densities for any one point in prehistory.

2. Burial. These sites arc expected to be focused in certain areas.

3. Major inland trails across many ahupua'a and associated campsites. These sites should be focused in linear corridors.

4. Agriculture in the seaward-mast reaches. These sites may tend to be fairly dense, but they will again be in a small part of the project area, in the seaward portions.

Archaeologically, characteristics.

the sites should have the following

1. Forest Exploitation sites. Probably there will be no surface stone architecture (as huts and shelters likely were simply pole-and-thatch). some campsites, however, will be in caves. Each site may be a small scatter of

-2-

flaked stone. broken or non-curated tools. food remains (bone. shell). and firepits. If repeated use occurred, then the density of remains would be greater. Such campsites are documented in caves in forest areas. such cave campsites have yielded a great deal of important information on the age of use of an area, on birds and plants collected, etc. Campsites and exploitation sites have yet to be documented in open-air contexts. and in such cases. they are expected to primarily be subsurface, buried sites.

2. Burials. Burials in forest areas have been identified in two forms burials in caves (often in caves also used as campsites) and in stone platforms and pavings on cinder cones. These sites contain important information on age of permanent occupation in an area, on social organization, on health, on demography; additionally, they are highly significant sites culturally for native Hawaiians.

3. Trails. '!'rails in forest areas are expected to be extremely difficult to identify, as worn paths and cuts through the forest will have been covered over by later sediments and by the forest growing back. on bare a' a flows, there may be some visible features eg., crushed paths, steppingstones. campsites along the trails should have firepits, food remains, and some scattered art if acts. some of these may have been in caves, but others will have been open-air camps, and they may have no surface architecture and be buried like the forest exploitation camps. Trails and their associated campsites can tell us a great deal about the time periods of travel across regions, which is extremely important early in prehistory. '!'hey can also provide information on items being carried and perhaps exchanged.

4. Agricultural sites. These sites commonly have some kind of stone-work small oval clearings lined with stones, small terrace lines, walls, etc. These sites contain important chronological information on permanent settlement of an area, population expansion, and agricultural expansion.

SITE IDEN'I'IFICATlON PROBLEMS

Common archaeological surface reconnaissance survey, intensive survey, cave sites used for forest exploitation

survey (labelled etc.) can identify and/or burial, can

-3-

identify agricultural sites, and can identify trails on bare a'a flows. However, c~ve sites arc only expected in older pahoehoe areas, not on"!.01flows and not in recent pahoehoe flow areas. Platform and paving burial sites are expected to be restricted to cinder cones. Agricultural sites will be at lower, seaward elevations in areas with soil. This means that a'a flows and recent pahoehoe flows are not expected to include sites, unless a visible trail remnant is found on a bare a'a flow.

The open-air sites in forest areas trail sites (and their associated camps) and forest exploitation sites not in caves -- will likely be subsurface, buried. They will be also be small. Common surface survey will not be able to identify these sites when they are subsurface. These sites are expected in soil areas within kipuka, on old pahoehoe flows, and on older a' a flows lacking rough surfaces. These sites might be surface remains on bare lava in kipuka, on old pahoehoe flows, and on older a'a flows lacking rough surfaces, and in such a case common surface survey could identify them; but it appears unlikely that these sites will be found on the surface. They are not anticipated on rough a'a flows (except rare trails) or on recent pahoehoe or a'a flows.

The above problems indicate two special conditions for site identification in this area:

1. some areas appear not to need survey eg., rough a' a flows and recent lava flows (post-1880 flows, whether pahoehoe or a' a). These areas need to be identified and be clearly marked off as areas needing no archaeological work. [See below for special approaches to trails on a'a flows.)

2. Soi 1 areas may contain subsurface exp loi tat ion and related sites. Special archaeological approaches need devised for these areas to try to identify these sites.

RESEARCH APPROACHES

trail to be

Archaeological survey work needs to be considered for all areas where proposed project work will disturb the land surface. The following tasks will be done for each specific development activity that will disturb land surfaces. For example, development activity #l is the currently planned access road and drill site. Activity #2 might be the proposed power plant in Area A and the access road from the drilling site. Activity 3 might be the university of Hawaii's SOH area and its access road (if different).

-4-

l. Background Preparation Predictions. Prior to each activity, the first step shall be to determine the following:

a. Check the historic literature (eg., Holmes 1985) and archaeological literature to determine if known historic or archaeological sites are in the project vicinity. This is crucial for the trails (eg., that used by Wilkes' expedition), so their approximate location can be carefully examined for campsites.

b. Identify and distinguish older bare a'a flows and post-1880 lava flows. Mark these off as areas not needing archaeological study. Kipuka and high terrain features (eg., cinder cones) within such recent flows that are remnants of older flows must be identified, for these areas need study.

c. Identify and distinguish all older bare pahoehoe flows, soil-covered pahoehoe and a•a flows, kipuka, and cinder cones in the project area.

d. If the project is in the seaward extremities, identify from aerial information areas with cultigens (bananas, coconuts, breadfruit), as these areas will need study.

2. ~rchaeological surface Sur.vey. Prior to construction, surface survey shall be done for the project areas on all older bare pahoehoe flows, soil-covered pahoehoe and a'a flows, kipuka, and ci.nder cones in the project area. Special attention shall be given to the following:

a. In pahoehoe areas, special attention shall be given to the ident if ica tion of lava tube caves, s i nee such caves may have served as forest exploitation camps and/or for burial sites and as trail campsites.

b. on cinder cones, special attention shall be given to identification of stone platforms and pavings that might have served as burial sites.

c. on older bare pahoehoe lava flows, special attention shall be given to the possible identification of trails. The interface of these flows, kipuka, and soil-covered areas with rough a' a flows will be carefully checked to see if trails can be identified entering a'a flows, visible architecturally as crushed paths, stepping stones, etc. lf such trails are found entering a'a flows, then the trail will be followed out through the flow within the project area.

d. If historically or archaeologically known trails are in the project area, the general trail corridor area will be carefully checked (except on rough a' a and recent flows) for possible surface evidence of campsites (caves or open-air camps).

-r •

-5-

3. Archaeological Monitoring of Soil-covered Areas After Initial Grading and Grubbing. As a special effort to try and identify subsurface remains of trail and forest exploitation campsites and forest exploitation working areas, this monitoring shall occur. It shall only be done in soil areas. The cuts made during grubbing and grading will be inspected to see if these sites can be identified.

4. Consultation will occur with the State's Historic Sites Section at the end of each of the above tasks. A written report for items l-3 will be prepared within 2 months after the end of monitoring, and this report shall be submitted to the Historic Sites section. If historic sites are found during surface survey work or monitoring work, the Historic Sites section will be contacted and. in consultation with that office, the significance of the sites will be evaluated and acceptable mitigation measures shall be devised. As noted in the CDUA application, if these sites arc found during the surface survey, project elements (eg .• roads, drill sites) will be moved to avoid these sites. If sites are found during monitoring, mitigation will be worked out with the Historic sites section.

The above research approaches shall be used for the first three major project activities. At that point. consultation with the State's Historic Sites Section will occur, and the success of these methods will be evaluated. If some methods are not successful in identifying historic sites. then they will be dropped. If some other methods seem worth trying, then they will be added. As a result of the agreements from that consultation, the Historic Sites Section will revise the existing research design.

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII


COMMISSION ON WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

P. 0. BOX 621


Mr. Rod Moss, Vice President Mid-Pacific Geothermal, Inc. Pioneer Plaza, Suite 1777 900 Fort Street Ma11 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Dear Mr. Moss:

JUN 16 1989

I am pleased to approve the archaeological research design plan submitted on June 8, 1989.

Please keep our staffs of the Division of State Parks, Outdoor Recreation and Historic Sites, and the Division of Water and Land Development informed of your field activities; with early notification in the event that monitoring is required by the staff.

If you have any question, please ca11 on Manabu Tagomori.

Very truly yours,

L .. d//fd~ ~~:~;:·PATY

WILLIAM W. PATY

CHAIRPERSON

JOHN C. LEWIN, M.D. MICHAEL J. CHUN, Ph.D.

ROBERT S. NAKATA RICHARD H. COX. P.E.

GUY K. FUJIMURA

MANABU TAGOMORI, P.E.

DEPUTY

'.-~o) ' /

'

MID-PACIFIC GEOTHERMAL, INC. Exploration Development Marketing of Geothermal Resources

June 7, 1989

Mr. William W. Paty, Chairperson Department of Land & Natural Resources P.O. Box 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809

Dear Mr. Paty:

RE: DLNR Letter, Reference WL-KO dated May 30, 1989

As required by the referenced letter, an archaeological research design plan to guide future archaeological work within our geothermal project area for the Kilauea middle east rift zone is submitted herewith for ministerial approval.

Very truly yours,

MID-PACIFIC GEO'rHERMAL, INC.

, Rod Moss Vice President

RH:ksf Enclosure: (1) Archaeological

Research Design Plan

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ADMINISTRATNE OFFICES Suite 823 • Interstate Bank Building • P.O. Drawer 3454 • Casper, Wyoming 82602 • Telephone (307) 234· 7386 OPERATIONS OFFICE: Pioneer Plaza, Suite 1777 • 900 Fort Street Mall • Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 • Telephone (808) 521·9004 ( • i '

'], vi

F'. U1

ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANTS

JOSEPH KENNEDY Archaeo/cglst

Mr. Rod Moss Mid Pacific Geothermal

of HAWAII

59-624 Pupukea Rd. Haleiwa, Hawaii 96712

(808) 638· 7 442

1600 Kapiolani Blvd. suite 1300 Honolulu, Hawaii 96814 Nay 28,1989

Rc: Research Resign .fQJ;: Future Dgvelopment 1n ~ ~ ~ Q I.l1KJ.. 1-2-10:3

Explorations .QJ:. Q.~.Qt]1erma:t, .b,lM Natural M"'-?l IS§_~_g_.rye.

Dear Mr. Moss:

At the request of your office, Archaeological Consultants of Hawaii, Inc. has prepared a prelimina:r-y research de$.ign for future work at the above location. The purpose of this work is to provide a set of general guidelines regarding the approach and treatment of cultural resources that may be encountered.

lN'l'RODUCTION

A major methodological problem is presented to any potential archaeological research associated with this project1 and this problem is multifaceted. The first consideration is the volume of land involved (approximately 9,000 acres) and the rugged topographib condition of tha land, and secondly, the type of archaeological resources likely to be scattered throughout this large area.

Previous historical and archaeological studies (Holmes (1985), Bonk (1988), Kennedy (1982), and Rosendahl (1985) have determined that cultural resources are likely to be prGsent here and have determined some specific descriptions regarding the nature of these sites and, in some cases, their general locations.

For example, it has survey that some surface in the areas in and around

been established through field site occurrence should be expected cinder cones.

12: ~.[1

Mr. Rod Moss 5-28-89 Page 2

P. iJl

Furthermore, the ethnohistoric literature for thir; area documents the presence of trails, caves and agricultural sitos. It is generally agreed that forest exploitation camps sites will also be present in the study area and that they should be the object of some archaeological attention.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

be There are some obvious first steps that may considered regarding the discovery of and treatment of cultural resources. The first is the production predictive model. The following list should be

of a given

consideration:

1) Prior to the development of any portion of the subject property a site specific search of the available historic literature may determine, for example, if the trail llsed by the Wilkes Expedition, will be within development. boundaries.

2) A vegetative survey in order to presence of cultigens such as bananas with human activity and are unlikely natural dispersing agents.

identify the possible which are associated to have spread by

3) The identification of kipuka which may contain the remnant of pre-flow human activity. These ki~~ were also often the locus of upland agricultural efforts after recant flows.

4) The identification of pahoehoe areas that would narrow and help identify areas of lava tube formation. The investigation of these tubes should be considered a high priority issue for they are often used as temporary o:helters and burial locations.

5) The identification of areas such as cinder cones where previous research has determined a likelihood of site occurrence.

6) The identification of recent lava flow areas ln order to eliminate further work where none would be necessary.

These six preliminary steps in the proposed design model can be addressed in ways other than the traditional ground survey method. Map and literature search would be sufficient for most and a review of aerial photographs reconnaissance could determine the remainder.

Mr. Rod Moss 5-28-89 Page 3.

H~~ECILDG I CHL CCI~ J·.::.UL THt,n·:::. F'.U~

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (CONT.)

After these six preliminary steps have been completed for each proposed development area on the subject property, ground survey should follow based on significance evaluation of each category.

This ground inspection may then be limited to those areas thought to be productive and would eliminate the need for the wholesale inspection of large tracts of heavily forested land. Surveys specific to these suspected productive areas may be conducted in the traditional fashion (i.e. transect sweeps) but n1ay not require total coverage. Sampling within these select areas may be acceptable under some circumstances and might serve to further concentrate the archaeological ground survey effort.

An additional step is recommended after ground survey is completed. This would be an inspection of recently graded properties (roads, drilling pads, etc.) in order to search for diognaetics of buried deposits. These indicators may well pL·esent themselves after preliminary work by heavy equipn•er•t has been completed.

While we consider these recommendations as necessary first steps to be employed prior to the development of each specific impacted area within the subject property as a whole, we a:r:e also aware that preliminary predic'clve indicators may well Q9~ address tho issue of subsurface sites such as temporary camping locations, work areas, etc.

The identification of buried archaeological sites of this nature in such a location presents a thorny problem that requires an approach much different than the one presented above.

These sites are most likely not only buried, but also temporary, meaning that indicators such as developed stratigraphic layers, perishable midden accumulations and foundation outlines would not be present. In addition, preservation of many diagnostic materials in this environment is expected to be poor and substantial root development would also complicate matters.

12:52

Mr. Rod Moss !5-28-89 Page 4.

'-1HEC1L[113l C.HL iJ]I·t:,uL THI jT•::, F'. CC

In short, the prediction of occurrence and .identification of temporary forest shelter sites that were used hundreds of years ago by small bands such as bird feather collectors (who traveled light, using highly perishable tools such as nets and snares) may not be possible.

RESEARCH METHODS (CONT.)

There is an exception to this argument. It may well be that such sites were rather well developed units in fixed locations that were visited time and again over long periods. If this is the oaee, such sites may not be buried at all or only partially so and therefore would lend themselves to identification by means of surface flurvey or subsul·fac8 testing.

These camps may have been used by groups visiting the upland forest for feather collection as well as by those whose purpose was logging. In the later instanc~, basaltic flakes, sharpening and grinding stones may be expected.

The question at this point is how to determine the state cf atfairs concerning this issue, The obvious first choice is surface survey along the proposed impacted areas of the study area. As we understand the nature of this geothermal exploration, access roads are to be constructed to drillinq facilities throughout the property. Essentially, these will consist of long, narrow ribbons of roadwork leading to relatively small clearings.

It is proposed then, that in addition to tlte predictive model work outlined earl.ier in this report, a surface survey be conducted prior to the construction of ;;.ach road and facility site. This will provide a brand of random sampling (archaeologically speaking) of the project area that may or n1ay not conform to those areas with predictive potentials. These surveys would be limited to the actual impacted areas.

Survey teams would be alive to predictive site types when survey routes pass through areas such as kipuka, cave and cinder cone zones - and in llll areas attempt to determine the location of campsites through the identification of diagnostic materials such as established structures, basaltic wa9te flake scatter debris, etc.

Mr. Rod. Moss 5-28-99 Page 5

F'. ()..:.:!

In our opinion, the elusive temporary campsites in this upland forest area are either buried, random, and so laking in diagnostic materials that archaeological identification and data recovery is impossible or impractical, or elsa more formal and subject to mixed use by a variety of torest users.

RESEARCH METHODS (CONT)

In this case both portable as well as nonportable artifacts would likely be present and somewhat obvious to a trained field survey team. When and if such sites are encountered, standard archaeological methods may be employed to recover the appropriate information.

If such sites are located and subjected to both surface and subsurface investigations, the principal investigator may determine if additional monitoring will be necessary. On the other hand, if the above procedures have been executed for several future incrementa of developmenc and prove ineffective, some modifications may be suggested to eliminate a portion of the recommended steps.

At the very least, a body of information will be collected regarding the presence or absence of such sites as archaeological predictive model testing ~nd limited ground survey accompany geothermal exploration in this ~rea.

If there are any questions regarding this preliminary research design, please feel free to contact me.

May 23, 1989

MEMORANDUM

TO: Mr. William Paty, Chairperson

FROM: Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director Commission on Water Resource Management

SUBJECT: Staff Analysis and Report of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's Request for Modification to the Conditions Set Forth in the BLNR's Decision & Order of June 18. 1986 ICDUA HA-12/20/85-183())

BACKGROUND

The Board of Land and Natural Resources (BLNR) in its Decision and Order (D/0) dated April 11, 1986, authorized the exploration and development of geothermal resources on Campbell Estate land (TMK: 1-2-10:03) located in the Puna District, Island of Hawaii.

The D/0 set forth procedures and conditions related to the permitted geothermal exploration and development activities such as, but not limited to, abated venting of geothermal wells, air quality monitoring and noise monitoring plans and programs.

Pursuant to the D/0 conditions, these plans and programs are required to be submitted to the Department for ministerial approval prior to implementation by True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture (Applicant).

DISCUSSION

The Applicant in compliance with the D/0 has submitted to the Department for ministerial approval, Environmental monitoring plans and progran1s for their planned geothermal exploration activities.

In conjunction with their request for approval, Applicant has requested to modify three specific conditions prescribed in the D/0 relating to abated venting, air quality monitoring and noise monitoring.

Memorandum to Mr. William Paty -2- May 23, 1989

The Applicant's requested modifications, the related D/0 conditions, and our staff's position are outlined below:

ABA TED VENTING

( 1) Applicant's Request and Comments

Applicant proposes abated continuous-flow testing (essentially abated venting) of each geothermal well for a period of 30 to 45 days. Applicant states that continuous-flow testing is standard industry practice for well testing and reservoir analysis and will reduce the possibility of thermal shock and damage to the well ca~ing and cemented annulus which may result due to periodic (onoff) shutting down of the well., Also, the need for continuous flow testing is critical in order to avoid the interruption and change in flow rates during flow test measurements.

Applicant further states that "there is no reasonable alternative known to be feasible in the geothermal industry that would allow reservoir analysis to the degree of accuracy that is necessary to justify the commitment and expenditure of millions of dollars for a power plant to utilize the resource".

D/0 Condition

Abated venting of geothermal wells may take place only between 9:00 am to 6:00 pm, Monday through Friday, exclusive of holidays and not longer than a continuous 8-hour period. With reference to abated venting, the D/0 states that "for good cause shown and when no reasonable alternatives exist, the Department may modify these restrictions".

Staff's Position:

Staff concurs that continuous (30-45 days) flow testing is necessary to determine reservoir characteristics and production capability, and that no alternative testing method exists.

(2) Applicant's Request and Comments

Applicant requests approval to conduct open (unabated) venting of each well, for a maximum period of 8 hours with only one well to be open-vented at any given time.


D/0 Condition

Unabated open venting of geothermal emissions is prohibited except by prior written permission of DLNR or in emergency situations.

Staff's Position:

Staff recommends (prior to drilling) approval of a one-time only 8-hour open-venting period necessary for initial development of each newly drilled well. Any subsequent open-venting request is to be approved in writing on a case-by-case basis after a well is drilled.

AIR QUALITY MONITORING


Applicant proposes the following program in lieu of the D/0 prescribed conditions:

a. Operation of a meteorological monitoring station located at the drill site.

b. Use of a mobile monitoring van downwind of the drill site. The mobile monitoring van will be located as close as possible to the maximum estimated impact area for each drill site.

c. Passive H,S monitors will be operated at a radius of approximately 3,000 feet in the primary downwind direction from each drill site.

d. The mobile monitoring station will monitor air quality and meteorological conditions for a minimum of one week before emissions commence from the well being drilled and continue during drilling, venting and testing.

e. That the monitoring program described above is consistent with EPA protocol and guidelines and the nature of the incremental geothermal exploration and development activities authorized in the project area.

Applicant states the following:

a. The air quality monitoring conditions set forth by the BLNR's D/0 addresses monitoring requirements for both exploration and production phases of the project.


b. The proposed monitoring plans as submitted, are directed at the exploration phase of the project and as such, should not be required to meet all the D/0 condition, some of which are more specifically related to production activities.

c. The air quality monitoring proposed for the initial increment of exploration will measure the air quality in the area of maximum estimated impacts due to emissions from drilling, venting, and flow testing of exploratory wells.

d. That geothermal wells do not meet EPA criteria of major permanent sources of emissions. Thus, the emissions from well drilling, venting and testing during operations as part of any operating power plant, are not large enough to constitute a major source and, therefore, are not subject to EPA PSD review requirements.

e. Selecting the correct locations for a monitoring station for an area with multiple permanent emission points will be more applicable for the project during the production stage. However, for the proposed initial exploration phase, there will be only one temporary source (except for volcanic emissions) emitting at any one time during drilling and testing of wells.

f. There will only be one well open (unabated) venting at any given time and then only for a maximum of eight hours. After venting, each well will be flow tested (abated) for 30-45 days continuously, using appropriate pollution and noise abatement systems.

g. While the D/0 requires the applicant to submit the proposed air quality monitoring plan to DLNR for ministerial approval prior to drilling, it is the Department of Health (DOH) who has the responsibility to implement and enforce the regulations for the EPA air quality programs in Hawaii, including the monitoring requirements.

(The Applicant has received approval of the proposed monitoring plans and programs from DOH.)

D/0 Condition

a. The D/0 requires that monitoring stations be placed at a minimum of five locations, one station each within Hawaiian Acres Subdivision, Waikahekahe Iki, Kaohe Homesteads, Upper Kaimu Communities, and along the southern border of the Kilauea Middle East Rift Geothermal Resource Subzone (KMERGRS), and other locations as required by DLNR.


b. The monitoring program shall provide for the installation, calibration, maintenance and operation of recording instruments to monitor hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfur dioxide, mercury, radon and other elements and emissions as may be determined by DLNR.

c. Applicant shall submit to DLNR for ministerial approval, an Air Quality Monitoring program to be implemented when the well drilling period begins and shall continue through the term of the project.

Staff's Position

Staff concurs and recommends approval of the applicant's proposed modification to the air quality monitoring plan for the phase of work related to the drilling and flow-testing of exploratory wells, based upon the logic of monitoring air quality down-wind of each exploratory well for the temporary period of drilling and testing, as approved by the Department of Health. We interpret that the D/0 requirement for five permanent monitoring stations around the perimeter of the property was intended to be required when geothermal production is to occur. Approval of the proposed monitoring plan is limited to the drilling and flow-testing of exploratory wells.

NOISE MONITORING PLAN


Applicant proposes the following:

a. Applicant proposes the use of sound-propagation models (instead of simulating sound levels at each well site) to predict noise levels at downwind locations (receptors) nearest the project site.

b. Applicant proposes (based on plans to begin exploratory drilling at drill site AI) to conduct sound monitoring at two, instead of five, areas, Kaohe Homesteads and Upper Kaimu Homesteads, which are the two residential areas nearest the project boundary.

Applicant states the following:

a. Short-term measurements of a simulated-sound source under the existing meteorological conditions that exist when the measurements are made are not likely to represent the actual operating noises of the project equipment. Also, it is improbable that short-term noise simulation


testing would be representative of all, including adverse, meteorological conditions that may occur at the project site at the time of testing.

b. Noise monitoring must occur when all project systems are operating simultaneously in their normal mode with noise abatement equipment installed and over a period of time when adverse meteorological conditions would occur.

c. As long as exploratory drilling occurs in the Northeastern portion of the subzone, applicant believes that the two sound-receptor locations at nearby Kaohe Homesteads and Upper Kaimu Community will adequately and accurately provide an indication of the maximum audible project noise sound levels that could be propagated into any surrounding community.

d. As authorized by the D/0, a mobile sound monitoring unit will be used. This will enable the operator to monitor noise levels at any of the nearby residences when requested or when a noise complaint is received. Alternate monitoring sites will be selected as may be necessary when new project sites are occupied or if noise complaints are received from any resident near the project.

D/0 Conditions

a. Noise monitoring program must be implemented prior to exploratory well drilling and testing period and subject to ministerial approval by DLNR.

b. Program must include an evaluation of predicted noise levels for selected sites in the residential areas near the proposed drilling and testing operations.

The program must simulate actual sounds levels at each proposed well site and measure noise levels at selected sites. The noise evaluations shall be submitted to DLNR for ministerial approval prior to approval of permission to drill at each site.

c. The number and location of on-site and off-site monitoring stations shall be subject to the determination of DLNR. Mobile stations may be used.

d. The noise level monitoring and standards shall be applied to receptors located at a minimum of five stations, similar to those as specified by the air quality monitoring requirements of the D/0, and shall be in operation during the term of the project.


e. Lastly, the D/0 provides that the above guidelines may be administratively adjusted by DLNR based on information derived in the initial phase or phases of the project in order to address activities subsequent to such phases.

Staff's Position

Applicant's request to use sound propagation models prepared by Darby & Associates, Inc., acoustical consultants, Kailua, Hawaii, in lieu of onsite simulated noise testing is acceptable and satisfactory to staff, based upon its experience in regulating similar geothermal well drilling. In the past, actual noise monitoring around geothermal drill rigs during operation has always proved satisfactory. Furthermore, standard construction methods are available to attenuate the noise of drill rig operations to acceptable levels, and State and County noise standards.

Applicant's request to establish two, instead of five, noise-monitoring sites at the nearest residential homesites (Kaohe Homesteads and Upper Kaimu Homesteads) is deemed to be adequate and satisfactory by staff. These two sites are the nearest residences to the first drill site (site A-1) and, therefore, the likeliest people to be affected. The five sites required by the D/0 at the perimeter of the overall project area is believed to relate to the time when geothermal development production actually occurs.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on staff's analysis of the Applicant's requested changes and rationale in support of the proposed modifications, our Division of Water and land Development recommends approval of the submitted Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs for geothermal exploration activities. Staff's position is that the modifications are acceptable and may be ministerially approved as provided by the conditions of the D/0.

This approval of the requested D/0 modifications shall apply to the first and subsequent wells; provided, however, that the approved modifications shall continue to be in effect for subsequent wells, only if a rev· w of all the data on abated venting, unabated venting, air quality /meteorological m nit · ng, and noise monitoring can show that all applicable rules and regulations and c nditi ns of the D/0 re ardin the above stated activity have been complied with during the · itial phas

Enc.

l706I(l0)

MEMORANDUM

TO:

FROM:

SUBJECT:

May 9, 1989

MR. MANABU TAGOMORI, Division Head Division of Water and Land Development

RONALD L. WALKER, Acting Administrator Division of Forestry and Wildlife

The Geothermal Exploration Activities are consistent with the original plan to mitigate impacts on the threatened and endangered plant species during construction. As a result, the follow-up report and recommendations adequately cover this issue.

Birds would be most critically impacted if de-forestation were to occur during nesting seasons. It is recommended that clearing of forested areas be postponed during the months of February through June when most species would have eggs or young in nests.

Standing water open to mosquito infestation should be treated or backfilled, to prevent bird disease vectors.

RONALD L. WALKER

RLW: jn L '---

:::.:::'" Attachment r ~ -, -'

cc: Hawaii District

·-t;:

CJ

JOHr-!. WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII

MEMORANDUM

STATE OF HAWAII .,.,., .. ,,9 ·' : ,; : _,'• :' ~. :


P. 0. BOX 621

HONOLULU, HAWAII 96809 . -/ ( I'.



' .' • :- /I DEPUTIES 1

·- lrfBERT K. LANDGRAF MANABU TAGOMORI

RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO

p i2 ~Q,.J.,~TURE DEVELOPMENT -;,Tc,B;AM


ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS 0.'/ ,\ T.n~ .. ~ERVATION AND

.; , _ iOURCES ENFORCEMENT '~~~- ,- L:......,l l'fi!! YANCES

FORE TRY AND WILDLIFE LAND MANAGEMENT

May 19, 1989 STATE PARKS WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT

TO: Manabu Tagomori, DOWALD

FROM: Ralston H. Nagata, State Parks Administrator

SUBJECT: True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's Plan of Operations for Geothermal Exploration Activities Multiple, Puna, Hawaii


This responds to your April 25, 1989, memorandum supplying the Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs. Under CDUA HA-l830s Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Decision and Order, dated April 11, 1986, it is stated that the Plan of Operations shall include an Archaeological Plan with the following elements (Item 6.(f): pp. 11-12):

1. Prior to construction of each land disturbing activity (access roads, well sites, etc.), the project area must undergo archaeological survey to determine if significant historic sites are present and, if so, to develop adequate mitigation plans. The extent of survey areas relative to project activities and marking of survey areas are covered under 6.f.ii-iii. Survey findings must be presented to the Historic Sites Section for review.

2. An archaeological research design is to be prepared prior to these surveys as a "plan for conducting an archaeological investigation" and to "guide all future archaeological work". (Item 6.f.iv.). This research design must be submitted to our office for review.

The plan that you supplied includes an archaeological survey associated with project areas of the first drill site. However, we have yet to receive an archaeological research design. Clearly, the research design (element #2) was required prior to conducting any archaeological surveys for the project. Thus, we have to conclude that the Archaeological Plan has not yet been successfully complied with. We cannot evaluate the acceptability of the survey of the first drill site areas without the research design.

The applicant prior to the Plans says a discovered.

may not have understood that the research design was needed surveys, since the cover note for Appendix D in the Environmental research design will be submitted when an archaeological find is However, the language in the Findings of Fact is quite clear.

Manabu Tagomori May 19, 1989 Page Two

The research design is quite important in this case. It is needed to find the historic sites, and it could also save the applicant considerable time and money. From prior studies, it is certain that historic sites will be present in forest areas, but, in most cases, they will be subsurface sites (with nothing visible on the surface), be small, and be difficult for the non-archaeologist to identify. surface surveys in such a situation may well be a waste of time and money, without special approaches included. There are some exceptions. For example, surface sites have been found on cinder cones, and areas with considerable numbers of tube caves frequently have some of these caves being historic sites. These sites could be found through traditional surface surveys. All these sites can be significant at least for their information content, even the subsurface sites. The research design is to play a critical role in devising a strategy to cope with the problem of finding sites in forest areas, particularly the small subsurface sites.

Such a design may include surface survey and monitoring of road cuts for the initial exploration phase. Given negative findings, then the design may call for no surface survey in later phases and the use of other techniques. On the other hand, the design may decide that surface survey is needed only at certain elevations, on cinder cones and in cave areas and that in other areas, only monitoring is initially needed. Thus, the design may not call for surface survey for the initial exploration phase, rather another archaeological identification approach or set of approaches. It is vital that the problem be carefully thought out.

We, therefore, have still not finished. cannot evaluate the applicant know that research design and

to conclude that at this point the Archaeological Plan is An acceptable research design needs to be prepared. We

initial out a research design. Please let the nd is available to discuss the considered in its preparation.

H. NAGATA

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April 25, 1989

MEMORANDUM

TO: Divisions of State Parks, Forestry & Wildlife, Aquatic Resources, Aquaculture & Development Program, Land Management, and Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs

FROM: Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director

SUBJECT: Approval of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs for Geothermal Exploration Activities

The Board of Land and Natural Resources in its Decision and Order (D/0) dated April 18, 1986, authorized the exploration and development of geothermal resources on Campbell Estate land (TMK; 1-2-10: 03), located in the Puna District, Island of Hawaii.

The D/0 set forth procedures and conditions related to geothermal development activities, including, but not limited to, noise monitoring programs, air quality monitoring programs, archaeological surveys, and biological surveys, which were to be submitted to the Department for ministerial approval.

In fulfillment of such conditions, True/Mid-Pacific has submitted to the Department for approval, the attached "Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs for Geothermal Exploration Activities". We would appreciate your review of the document as it pertains to your area of concern and the return of the document with your comments as soon as possible.

Your continued assistance and Should you have any questions, p

DN:ko Attach.

No

cooperation is greatly appreciated. /' contact Dan Lum at ext. 7643. V

TAG~

State of Hawaii Departrrent of Land and Natural Resources

DIVISION OF AQUATIC RESOURCES ~S :>4'AY' ~ May 1, 1989

MEIDRANDUM

'IO:

FOCM:

Manabu Tagorrori, Deputy for Water Resource Manageuent Division of Water and Land Development

Henry M. Sakuda, Administrator Division of Aquatic Resources

S\JBJECI': True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's -1

JQ1 1'1$ and Programs for Geothermal Exploration Activities

True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture has submitted the subject document relating to air quality and noise rronitoring program, and ccnpleted archaeological and biological surveys to support the exploration phase for the development of 100 WI of electricity at the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone Geothermal Resource Subzone, Puna, Hawaii. The exploration phase includes limited drilling and testing of up to 12 exploratory wells over a period of approximately two years.

We understand that the subject docurrent is required pursuant to a Board of Land and Natural Resources' Decision and Order issued on April 11, 1986 for a long-range plan for the exploration and development of geothermal resources in the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone Geothermal Resources Subzone.

Fran an aquatic resources standpoint, we have no canrent to offer or abjection to the docurrent and proposal. There is no kna.vn stream, natural water body or aquatic resources value in the subject area.

'

DIVISION OMOUATIC RESOURCES DIRECTOR

COM FISHERIES

AO RES/ENV

AQRECR·N

April 25, 1989 STAFF SVCS

FISH OEV

MEMORANDUM STAnST!CS

AFRC

EDUCATION

::w:R .... A> TO: Divisions of State Parks, Forestry & Wildlife

Aquatic Resources, Aquaculture & Develop me Land Management, and Office of Conservatio J>•Etcr s.C:S Environmental Affairs ~Feo AID


SUBJECT: Approval of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's ..,,QIJILJtltill.b;Mi.IIJotbli·~• and Programs for Geothermal Exploration Activities

X s ........ o.te:

y Droft~

-lll!plyDnct lX Com-

' Information

r,omp. Act & Flit Retum to.

Cooles1D: Remarks:

The Board of Land and Natural Resources in its Decision and Order (D/0) dated April 18, 1986, authorized the exploration and development of geothermal resources on Campbell Estate land (TMK; 1-2-10:03), located in the Puna District, Island of Hawaii.



Your continued assistance and cooperation is greatly appreciated. Should you have any questions, p contact Dan Lum at ext. 7643.

DN:ko Attach.

RECEIVED

APR 2 6 t989

Div. of Aquatic Resot.~rcfi

TAG~

0

0 0

, pE~RTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES 'trffice of Conservation and Environmental Affairs

15

. .~ , ,,. •II II n=~ R.

FILE NO.: HA-1830 DOC. NO.: 5611E

MEMORA!N.j,~M' · '- ,;; I \EriT

TO:

FROM:

Mr. Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director Commission on water Resource Management

Roger C. Evans, Administrator Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs

SUBJECT: Geothermal Exploration Activities in the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone

One of the permittees, True Geothermal Energy Company, of Conservation District Use Permit HA-1830 has requested a modification of Condition 6(a) of the Board's April 11, 1986 Decision and Order. Condition 6(a) restricts abated venting to the daylight hours of 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. excluding weekends and holidays. According to the permittee, this restriction prevents the proper flow testing (30 to 45 days of continuous venting) necessary to accurately evaluate reservoirs.

There is a provision in Condition 6(a) that allows the Department to modify the condition if good cause can be shown and no reasonable alternative exists. If the Department concurs that the proposed modification meets those criteria, a recommendation for approval should be sent to the Chairman. If the modification is approved, all parties in the contested case hearing should be notified of the change along with the Department's justification for allowing the modification.

Attachment

/

(-z-r)

I ' ; ' ; ' .~- ! \IF D j l~ '"" ··- t -·

April 25, 1989

MEMORANDUM ! ,·J OF W.fiTtR g

0 · • · f . . L,,;,J D._V.cLUrlr.JENT T : DIVISions o State Parks, Forestry & Wildlife,

Aquatic Resources, Aquaculture & Development Program, Land Management, and Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs


SUBJECT: Geotl1e1~m:!ll Venture's Programs for

The Board of Land and Natural Resources in its Decision and Order (D/0) dated April 18, 1986, authorized the exploration and development of geothermal resources on Campbell Estate land (TMK; 1-2-10: 03), located in the Puna District, Island of Hawaii.



Your continued assistance and cooperation is greatly appreciated. Should you have any questions, p contact Dan Lum at ext. 7643.

DN:ko Attach.

' (

lAND MANAGEMENT DIVISION HAS NO OBJECTION.

£61' r-----, .... TAGOMOR1

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Cn'~(~f>l'!"" r~·,( 1!1C "!''"·tllr._r> n~~ th0 d0f'1P"'I1Pnt \-'_r\t~L '"\"CUl~ !'"!0T'""':-')~Pf.f: ~.f: f'!f'l'•::• {''~

nns~dh1E.

"':' •:-•111' (:r·r':.tJ'11H·'d r~~-;:dr;t~:,("(":' t.:!·-r~ rt;nnc!'~t1nTO ir f"Y'P~tl~- !'.pprr>drh'f1•

~:ht:'-Tilc~ ·reT ~~.;""-c ;..,-,..,.- r:t~~:;stir·n~, plt'f~.~:_,r: c•""'t ~·et .,.._'.:nr~ T;:..:r: ut 0::_·t. '7!}.1.~~.

\ . )

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII



33 M'H 13 DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

;JiV (lF WhTER& L,,." D · ··"'·'ENT J-·\J\U ,: i LllJ(h

P. 0. BOX 621


April 11, 1989

DEPUTIES

LIBERT K. LANDGRAF MANABU T AGOMOR I

RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO ·





MEMORANDUM

TO:

FROM:

SUBJECT:

Manabu Tagomori, DOWALD

Ralston H. Nagata, State Parks Administrator

•T!Ir~uleii!J/IMIJiillldi-IIPacific Geothermal Venture's. UL j[ft for Geothermal Exploration Activities

Multiple, Puna, Hawaii


This is a follow-up on our comments on this plan sent to you on April 5, 1989. Under CDUA HA-1830's Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Decision and order, dated April 11, 1986, it is stated that the Plan of Operations shall include an Archaeological Plan with the following elements (Item 6.(f): pp. 11-12):

1. Prior to construction of each land disturbing activity (access roads, well sites, etc.), the project area must undergo archaeological survey to determine if significant historic sites are present and, if so, to develop adequate mitigation plans. The extent of survey areas relative to project activities and marking of survey areas are covered under 6.f.ii-iii. survey findings must be presented to our office for review and mitigation plans must be approved by our office.

2. An archaeological research design is to be prepared prior to these surveys as a "plan for conducting an archaeological investigation" and to •guide all future archaeological work". (Item 6.f.iv.). This research design must be submitted to our office for review.

As we noted in our previous memorandum, we have yet to see any reports of any archaeological surveys. Even more important, we have yet to see the archaeological research design, which should be submitted for review be any of the surveys are done.

(17)

1709!(17)

March 16, 1989

MEMORANDUM

,)IV OF Vl II TER ~ Li'-ilw De. Vr:.1..\iPMENT

TO: MR. MANABU TAGOMORI, Division Head Division of Water and Land Development

FROM: RONALD L. WALKER, Acting Administrator Division of Forestry and Wildlife

SUBJECT: Geothermal Exploration Activities, True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture IA.illl!•

The Division of Forestry and Wildlife requests that a continued effort be made to avoid endangering any Threatened and Endangered Species of plants and wildlife during exploratory activities.

Page 8(d) Access Control:

It must be anticipated that there will be hunter interest, particularly for pigs, in gaining access to the area. Game mammal hunting should be addressed in the Management Plan.

~ RONALD L. WALKER

RLW:cf

(!13)

State of Hawaii DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Division of Water and Land Development Honolulu, Hawaii

March 23, 1989

Chairperson and Members Board of Land and Natural Resources State of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii

Gentlemen: Plan of Operations

True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture Puna District Hawaii

As required by State Geothermal Resource Mining Lease No. R-5 and Administrative Rules 13-183, True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture, sublessee, has submitted for approval a Plan of Operations to conduct geothermal exploration activities for incremental development of ultimately 100 megawatts of elecuical energy in the Puna Disuict of Hawaii.

The proposed exploration activities will be carried out on a well-by-well basis for the discovery and potential production of geothermal resources within the Kilauea Middle East Rift geothermal resource subzone. Five exploration/development (E/D) areas have been planned, with three primary drilling sites located in each area.

The first well site (see attached) is planned near the eastern area of the subzone, north of the rift zone in DID area "A" and has been designated as True/Mid-Pacific A 1-1. Each exploratory well will be flow tested to determine the extent and nature of the resource and whether or not sufficient quantities of geothermal steam is available for commercial production.

The geothermal exploration activities described in the Plan of Operations are in accordance with the conditions set forth by the Board of Land and Natural Resources in its Decision and Order dated April 11, 1986.

Following the completion of exploration activities and upon negotiation of a power purchase contract with an electric utility or other consumer, True/Mid-Pacific will submit amendments to the Plan of Operations for development of up to 25 megawatts of elecuical power.

RECOMMENDATION:

That the Board approve the Plan of Operations submitted by True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture for exploration activities on lands leased under State Geothermal Resource Mining Lea~e No. R-5, subject to the following conditions:

(!) That True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture comply with all applicable statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations of the Federal, State, and County governments.

(2) That True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture comply with any other terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the Chairperson.

...

LEGEND:

C0 Planned exploration/dev. area

~ Power plants (5 - 8 acres)

0

Source:

Drilling sites (2- 3 acres)

Access roads

Maintenance/ser·dce roads

El::ergency exit road

Appro:dmate location -of Adenoohorus perir's sighting by uSr~~S forest 1rd Survey

Location of Cvanea tritomantha (outside of designated subzone)

locations of large concentrations of Bobea timonioides. Scattered trees occur elsewhere in ohia a(2) forests.

Tetraolasandra hawaiiensis is very widespread throughout the subzone and surrounding areas usually occuring as scattered individuals or small groups of trees.

KFC AIRPORT, INC.

-:>~,Proposed Project 'i'-- cExploration/Development

~Areas

FIGURE

5

JOHN WAIHEE

GOVERNOR OF HAWAII

MEMORANDUM

TO:

FROM:

SUBJECT:



:' 3 2 I DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

P. 0. BOX 621 liiV ['j~ W6TI=R?., HONOLULU. HAWAII 96809 Lc':.fi

1) u:~ \' LL\Ji_lfviENT

April 5, 1989

Manabu Tagomori, DOWALD

Ralston H. Nagata, State Parks Administrator

DEPUTIES


RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO

AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAM AQUATIC RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND

ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS

CONSERVATION AND RESOURCES ENFORCEMENT

CONVEYANCES FORESTRY AND WILDLJFE LAND MANAGEMENT

STATE PARKS WATER AND lAND DEVELOPMENT

True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal venture's ••••••••••• for Geothermal Exploration Activities Multiple, Puna, Hawaii


Under the existing historic preservation mitigation agreements for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal venture's operations, prior to construction of each land disturbing activity (access roads, well sites, etc.), the project area must undergo archaeological survey to determine if significant historic sites are present and, if so, to develop adequate mitigation plans. survey findings must be presented to our office for review and mitigation plans must be approved by our office. We have yet to see any reports of any such surveys.

(Jv)

February 16, 1989

MEMORANDUM

TO:

FROM:

SUBJECT:

Mr. Roger c. Evans, OCEA

Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director Commission on Water Resource Management

Request from True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture to Modify the COUP conditions set forth in the Board of Land and Natural Resources' Decision and Order Dated April 11, 1986

DOWALD hereby transmits to your office, True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal venture's request to modify the Board of Land and Natural Resources' Decision and Order (D/0) dated April 11, 1986.

This request, which was hand-delivered to DOWALD, concerns modifications to the Conservation District Use Permit issued to Campbell Estate, and should more properly be reviewed and processed by your office.

As a part of the above request, DOWALD has also received from True/Mid-Pacific, a Plan of Operations and an Application for Permit to Drill for exploration activities proposed within the CDUP permitted area. Under separate cover, this Plan of Operations has been transmitted to all divisions for review and comments.

DOWALD is acknowledging the receipt of True/Mid-Pacific's request for modifications, Plan of Operations, and application for Well Drilling Permit, a copy of which will be sent to you.

DOWALD has no objections to the for modifications by True/Mid-Pacific Should you have any questions, 7643.

Attach.

above mentioned request Geothermal Venture. contac urn at Ext.

(11)

PIKines-935-0031 935-0032

) ~i

... "" ,\ 9 ·. I)~ .U

March 23, 1989

Dean Nakano

HAWAII COUNTY CIVIL DEFENSE AGENCY 34-A Rainbow Drive

HILO, HAWAII 96720

Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Water and Land Development Box 373 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809

RE: Geothermal Exploration Drilling Activities Within the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone, TMK 1-2-10:3

0099P

The Emergency Plan as submitted by True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture, required by the State Board of Land and Natural Resources, has been reviewed and is approved as meeting all requirements.

Thank you for the submittal and attention to public safety.

Harry Kim, Administrator Hawaii County Civil Defense Agency

jg

cc: Duane Kanuha, Director Hawaii County Planning Department

H. A. True, III, Partner True Geothermal Energy Company

(to)

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY 895 WEST RIVER CROSS ROAD

February 1, 1989 Phonei3071 237-9301 P.O. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming

Mr. Harry Kim, Director Hawaii County Civil Defense Agency 34-A Rainbow Drive Hilo, Hawaii 96720

82602

Re: Geothermal Exploration Drilling Activities Within The Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone, TMK 1-2-10:3

Dear Mr. Kim:

As required by the Decision and Order of the State Board of Land and Natural Resources, April 11, 1986, (CDUA No. HA-12/20/85), the Emergency Plan for the referenced activity is submitted for your review and approval. Please notify the Department of Land and Natural Resources when this plan has been approved.

f h t . I · h. 1 1 I t ere are any ques 1ons concer1ng t 1s p an, p ease contact us in Honolulu at 528-3196 or 521-9004.

V,ry truly yours,

------------ ;zi. -...... I ~ ~ i ~';I'll~~ Geothermal Energy Co. "" .... r< op"erlttt\~~'ta: I

~acific Geothermal Venture) t I. -

III

Enclosure:

Emergency Plan for Geothermal Development Activities in the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone

(q)

u t :._'

JOHN WAIHEE

GOII~AN0A 0' 11AW.I.II

JOHN C. LEWIN, M.D.

OIRECTOA OF t-1£AL TH

STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

P. 0. BOX 3371

HONOLULU, HAWAII t&acn In reply, pt••s.e r•,.r. to:

February 17, 1989

Mr. H. A. True, III True Geothermal Energy Company P. 0. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming 82602

Dear Mr. True:

This is to confirm my meeting with Messrs. Moss and Kawada regarding our six comments on the Air Quality/Meteorological Monitoring Plan for the geothermal development project in Puna, Hawaii, provided to you in my letter of January 30, 1989.

For items 1, 2, 3, and 6, we have agreed to maintain the frequencies as you have proposed in your plan. Also, with regard to data reporting, only air quality summaries are sufficient.

Items 4 and 5 relating to calibrations will be performed as we have indicated in our letter of January 30, 1989.

With this understanding, we hereby approve your monitoring plan.

PFA:nm

Very truly yours,

PAUL F. AKI, Chief Pollution Investigation and

Enforcement Branch

EPHSD.;~

('k)

\ .-

' .

\-.... -- .. ··-··· . I

JOHN WAIHiili

00-AfiltfOII ~ I'IAWA/1 JOHN C. LeWIN. M.O.

C!IUCTOll OJ HIALTI'I

STATE OF HAWAII OEF'ARTMKNT OF HEAL. TH

'· Q, lOX U7t HONOLULU, HAWAII 88101

In replr, please refer to:

Mr. H. A. True, III True Geothermal Energy Company P. o. Box 2360 Casper, Wyoming 82602

Dear Mr. True:

EPHI5D January 30, 1989

Your Air Quality/Meteorological Monitoring Plan !or the geothermal development project located at Puna, Hawaii, has been reviewed by our staff and we offer the following comments:

1. Page 8

[Quarterly] Monthly reports wlll be submitted so that the status of the air quality can be regularly reviewed by regulatory agencies.

We prefer monthly reports to facilitate the review and to be able to keep a closer look at the data.

2. Page 10

Water catchment (rainfall) samples will be collected from three downwind sites In neighboring residential communities on a [quarterly] weekly basis,

Weekly samples are necessary trends to be able to address any unusual levels.

3. Page 11

The mobile monitoring station will monitor air quality and meteorogical conditions for a minimum o! one [week] month before emissions commence from the well being drilled and continue during drilling, venting and testing.

One week's data is insu!!Jcient to truly characterize the condition o! a location.

( ''I) IV

... ..::: '8'j Ot:: 22 TF:UE ((if'1PHI UES Ct=r::.PER

Mr. H. A. True, III January 30, 1989 Page 2

4. Page 14

Calibrations will be performed on any day the monitoring van ls moved to a new site and weekly during the monitoring period,

In addition, audit and precision checks as required by EPA Quality Assurance procedures must also be performed.

5, Page 15

Add to the end of the top paragraph, "Calibration will be performed once per month."·

This requirement Is to Insure that the Instruments are performing accurately,

6. Pages 18 and 19 - Data Reduction and Repor.ting

[Quarterly} Monthly reports will be prepared. Change all reference of quarterly reports to monthly reports. As mentioned in #1, we prefer monthly reports,

Please provide us with your reactions to the six comments.

PFAznm

oc: Richard Sasaki, Alr Lab Environmental Permits Branch

Sincerely,

~J,y'_ ~. PAUL F. AKI, Chief Pollution Investigation and

Enforcement Branch

P.3

I l F:LE

._...),'

/.\" THE. \UTTER OF

~lOTICE OF J:C.".FT AUTHO:?.ITY TO CONSTRUCT PERMIT AFFID,1VIT OF PL'BUCATIO."J

TRCE GEOTr:E:t'\.".L E':\ERGY COMPANY EMISSIO':\S C? .".I?. ?OLLUT.".NTS (DOCl~ET :w. 89-E;>-P.".-8)

~OTicE OF DR.,FT AlTHORITY TO CO~STRl'CT PER~IIT TRl'E GEOTHERM.U.

E.'\ERGY C'OMP.<SY REGlLUP.'iG THE E~IISSIO~S OF AIR POLLl"TA.'\TS

(DOCKET )00. ES-EP-PA-ll) The Department of Health, St.ate of Hawaii,

request public comments on the following DRAFT STATE Al'THORITY TO CO!'\STRUCT PER~!IT to be issued to True Geothermal Energy Company for the proposed geothermal wellfield construction at TMK: 1-:-10: 3, Kilau· ea i\tiddle East Rift Zone, Puna, Ha~aii.

State Authonty to Construct (ATC permit), NO. A-810-XXX. in accordance with Hawaii Administration Rules. Chapter 11-60. Air Poilu· tion Control. would grant conditional approval lor the construction of twelve (12) geothermal exploratory developmental wells. The A TC penni! limtts the discharge ol hydrofen sulfide emissions and requires the ir.stal.ation and operation ol air quality and me~rological monitoring st.atior.s. In addition, the ATC per· mit requires the contmuous monitoring of hydrogen suifide stack emissions during air dril· ling and flow testing operatior.s.

The Administrative Record, consisting of the Authority to Construct application. all supple· men:.a.l Cata subm1tted b'· thf a:~olicant and .the nt .;:= ... e .. m:. ~ ~:a;a::!!·.er ;----!:hi~ .:rspec<Jon ~!onday through Fnday, dunng the office hours of i:4S a.m. to 4:15 p.m., at the following offices: 1. Hawaii: Office ol Chief Sanitarian,

Department of Health. iS Aupum Slree~ Hi!o; or Keakealani, Old Kor.a Hospital, Sanitation Branch, Kealakekua

2. Oahu: Environmental Permits Branch, Department of Health. 645 Ha1ekauwila Street. 3rd Floor, Honolulu All comments upon or objections to the

DRAFT STATE Al:THORITY TO CO:-ISTRUCT PER~IIT must be transmitted or delivered in writing within thirty (30) days of the date of this notice to the Deputy director for Environmea~ t.al Health. Department of Health. 1250 Punchbowl Street. Honolulu, Haw all 96813. An erten· sion of the comment period may be granted if the request for an extension adequately explains why more time is required to prepare commen:.s.

Any person may request for a public hearing provided the request is filed in writing wilhiD the thirty-day comment period explaining the party's interest and tbe reasons why a bearing ts warranted. At the discretion of the Director of Health, a public hearing may be held if the hearing would aid in the decision on the permit U a public hearing is warranted. a public notice lor the hearing shall be published at least thirty

, (30) days in advance of the hearing date. A final decision to set the conditior.s of and to

issue the Fl!\.~L STATE Al'THORITY TO CO:'o:STRlTT P!::R~I!T. or to deny the applica· tion fr;r ~!:~ pt":-r.:it. ~hall be made af:er all comm':r:~ r:~•·e ~..:~n CNJS1dered. :\c•tire (If the fir.a) d~~"':~J( ~ ~!:a:J Le ~enl to ea·:-h pe:--:;on who bs ~t;Z:".::;t.td t:l·:nmenLS ur rt-t;ue:.:t.-d ~uc:h not;ct.:.

JOti\ C. LCWI:i. :.tD. D::':'C'tor of HcAI~h

(li('n Adv: J..:ne i J~e~\ iA-P(ll08i

REGULATING THE

STATE OF HAWAII, Cicy and Coumy of Honolulu.

......... Vi!J-!'\:r;~-~- .~ :. X?.l??_g ~.l!';l,l:i!l ....... , being duly swom, deposes a•zd says that she is a clerk, duly au:bori=ed to execute tbis affida~it, of tbe HAWAII NEWSPAPER AGE.'\'CY, I."! C., agmt for HONOLULU ADVERTISER. INC.. publisher of THE HO.I\,"OLULU ADVERTISER a•zd SUNDAY STAR-BL'UETI."' & ADVERTISER. a•zd agem for GANl\"EIT PACIFIC CORPORATION, publisher of HONOLULU STAR-BULLETIX; that said neu·spapers are neu·s· papers of general circulation in the state of Hawaii; that the attached notice is a true 11otice aJ was published in the afore-referenced neu·spaperJ as follows: The Honolulu Advertiser ... 9.1?!= ...••• times,

June 7, 1989 on ............................................................ .

• •••••• , •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0

Honolulu Star-Bu/Jetin: . . . . . . . . . . times, on

Sunday Star-Bulletin & Advertiser: ........... time I, on .......•.

0 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 •• 0 • 0 •••• 0 • 0 0 0 0 •• 0 0 ••• 0 •• 0 0 ••

• 0 0 •••• 0 0 0 0 •••• 0 0 • 0 • 0 0 •••• 0 •• 0 0 0 • 0 •• 0 ••• 0 0 0 ••••••• 0 ••• 0 0 • 0 ••••• 0 •

and that afliam is not a party to or in any u•ay imerested i11 the abow

~:·~. :i~L cz.i tfu·, ~~ · · · · · · · Subscribed and swom to before me this~ th .. day of. :J.>::"!).~ ...... , A.D. 19 -~ ~- ••

.................. ~.fi.JIE:.:;··. ~-:-1:~ .. Sot~? P11bhc of zh~ Firu }JI.di,UJ Clf,lltl. Sl~t~ of H~fl. .;ii

M) tCimmilliCI" ~xpjr~.s ..... ~~-- 1 . .1.~~?.,, ...... , ...... .

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ~NERGY COMPANY 895 W~ST RIVER C!!O:;$ ROAD

February l, 1989

Mr. Duane Kanuha, Director Hawaii County Planning Department 25 Aupuni Street Hila, Hawaii 96720


82602

Re: Geothermal Exploration Drilling Activities Within The Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone, TMK l-2-10:3

Dear Mr. Kanuha:

As required by the Decision and Order of the State Board of Land and Natural Resources, April ll, 1986, (CDUA No. HA-12/20/85) the noise monitoring plan for the initial exploration drilling phase of our project in the referenced area and the report of the biological survey of the project access road and irst drilling site to be occupied are submitted for yo r review. Please address comments to the Department of L d and Natural Resources.

Very truly yours,

t ... I I ..t TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY CO. ..f ~ _ ... _________ _.

Partner

Enclosures

l) Noise Monitoring Plan 2) Biological Survey Report

;_. i , ., ,_ '\I,_ 0 ' ', L_ t_. :.-. 1 V t:.

895 WEST RIVER CROSS ROAD

ill!/_ OF WATER& LAND 0 ' -L·-puE


' c l'c U ,., NT TRANSNITTAL

TO: Department Of Land & Natural Resources State of Hawaii 1151 Punchbowl Street, Rm 224 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

COPIES DATE

82602

DATE: February 24, 1989

RE: FILING FEES FOR PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT

DESCRIPTION

l (original)

2/16/89 Dated

Check # 3 for $100.00.

TRANSMI'rTED FOR:

Your Information & Records Signature and Return FurthAr Necessary Action

r rxxx]

If you have any questions, please contact:

REM..Z\.RKS:

Your Review & Comment Per Our Conversatioa See Remarks Below

Allan G. Kmva.da.

Enclosed, please find a check for amount of $100.00 made ~ayable

to the Department of Land & Natural Resources, State of Hawai~

TRUE GEOTHEFMAL ENERGY CO.

0515K

t\tCEIVED State of Hawaii

Department of Land and Natural Resources DIVISION OF AQUATIC RESOURCES U J f [ 8 2~ P 2 : 52

February 23, 1989 OIV. OF WATER & LAND Ol:~i::LOPMENT

MEMORANDUM

To:

From:

Manabu Tagomori, Deputy for Water Resources Management Division of Water and Land Development

Henry M. Sakuda, Administrator Division of Aquatic Resources

Subject: Review of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture•sw••• for Geothermal Exploration Activities (State Geothermal Resource Mining Lease No. R-5)

We have reviewed the subject Plan of Operation to conduct exploratory drilling within a geothermal resource sub-zone covering about 9,000 acres of land owned by Bishop Estate. The project site is along the Kilauea middle east rift zone in Puna, Hawaii. Some grading and excavation is planned to construct a roadway and water catchment pond adjacent to the drilling site. Additional drilling and grading/excavations are also planned in conjunction with the initial drilling to determine the location and extent of the geothermal resources on the property.

Should the drilling be successful, a power plant to produce up to 25-MW of electrical energy is being planned, with incremental expansion to a total of 100-MW. Additional planning documents will be required before the plant(s) can be constructed.

From an aquatic resources standpoint, we have no relevant comments and/or objection to the proposal. There are no known streams, natural water bodies or aquatic resources value in the project area.

JOHN WAIHEE GOVERNOR Of HAWAII


P. 0. BOX 621


FEB 2 2 1989


BOARD Of LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

DEPUTIES


RUSSELL N. FUKUMOTO

AOUACUL TUAE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM




Mr. H. A. True, III True Geothermal Energy company P.O. Box 2360 casper, Wyoming 82602

Dear Mr. True:

The Department of Land and Natural Resources acknowledges the receipt of the following documents:

1) Plan of Operations for State Geothermal Resource Mining Lease No. R-5;

2) Well Drilling Permit Application for Geothermal Well -"True/Mid-Pacific Al-l";

3) Request for Modification of the Board of Land and Natural Resources' COUP Decision and Order concerning geothermal exploration activities; and

4) $100 non-refundable filing fee for your application for permit to drill.

The above application and requests for approval are currently under review by our Department and will be processed in a timely manner. Notification of the date and time at which the Plan of Operations will be brought before the Board of Land and Natural Resources for action will be forthcoming.

Should you have any questions, please contact Manabu Tagomori at 548-7533.

(4)

February 16, 1989

MEMORANDUM

TO:

FROM~ SUBJECT:

State Parks, Forestry & Wildlife, Aquatic Resources, Aquaculture and Development Program, Land Management, and Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs

Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director Commission on Water Resource Management

"'!1 -

Review of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture's ~~~~~ ; I I'-~~- i4f!1 for Geothermal Exploration Activities I;;: ~ ~ ;';',

":» t;, (') N ;r.. -r"' ;.. 0 -:

True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal venture has submitted a Plan of Operations for geothermal exploration activities covered under State Geothermal Resource Mining Lease No. R-5.

V1 ;;'".J '% '(;, co r'1 ':~ t"' ~ ~·~;-- ,.,

;1C '

fS The Plan of Operations sets forth the applicant's proposed

exploration activities including information on the physical, geographical, and geological aspects of the project and non-drilling operating procedures. A separate application for permit to drill describing proposed drilling operations has been submitted to DOWALD for our review and processing.

In addition, applicant's proposed Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs have been transmitted separately to the Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs (OCEA) for their processing and review as to compliance with the conditions of the Conservation District Use Permit set forth in the Board of Land and Natural Resources' Decision and Order dated April 11, 1986.

Any requests for copies of the monitoring plans pursuant to your review of the Plan of Operations should be made directly to OCEA. we would appreciate your review of the Plan of Operations as it pertains to your area of concern and the return of the document with your comments by Monday, March 6, 1989.

Your continued appreciated. Should Lum atc:&xt. 7~3 .

..,... :z: D oe~

= a:

Attach .cC'J c:

cr::._ U..! ::1..... 1-J ..:.:: _J

3 -:~ ll~ . , ,I C·-:1 ~ . i'::! -:~ :~ -=- <.::::

assistance and cooperation is greatly you have ny questions, please contact Dan

...

(1~)

February 16, 1989

MEMORANDUM

TO:

FROM:

SUBJECT:

/ I State Parks, Forestry & Wildlife, Aquatic Resources, Aquaculture and Development Program, Land Management, and Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs

Manabu Tagomori, Deputy Director Commission on water Resource Management

Review of True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal venture's Plan of Operations for Geothermal Exploration Activities

True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal venture has submitted a Plan of Operations for geothermal exploration activities covered under State Geothermal Resource Mining Lease No. R-5.

The Plan of Operations sets forth the applicant's proposed exploration activities including information on the physical, geographical, and geological aspects of the project and non-drilling operating procedures. A separate application for permit to drill describing proposed drilling operations has been submitted to DOWALD for our review and processing.

In addition, applicant's proposed Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs have been transmitted separately to the Office of Conservation and Environmental Affairs (OCEA) for their processing and review as to compliance with the conditions of the Conservation District Use Permit set forth in the Board of Land and Natural Resources' Decision and Order dated April 11, 1986.

Any requests for copies of the monitoring plans pursuant to your review of the Plan of Operations should be made directly to OCEA. we would appreciate your review of the Plan of Operations as it pertains to your area of concern and the return of the document with your comments by Monday, March 6, 1989.

Your continued assistance and cooperation is greatly appreciated. Should you have ny questions, please contact Dan Lum at Ext. 7643.

Attach.

-., ', ....

1~ ' I -1 J... ;_'

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895 WEST ~IVER CROSS ROAO Phone (307) 237-9301

February 1, 1989 ·.·· , D!~.; OF~~J:~ing ~ ~'.'c'" :, , ,jcJ,;\;~g.Nu Ot.V::L!WtMiNT ..., 1 ;·. i c !J,·· h:; h·'Aii

Department of Land & Natural Resources (DLNR) State of Hawaii P.O. Box 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809

Dear Sirs:

Subject: Geothermal Exploration Activities in the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone (KMERZ)

The Board of Land & Natural Resources in a Decision & Order (D&O) of April 11, 1986, authorized exploration and development of geothermal resources on Campbell Estate property, Island of Hawaii, Puna District, TMK l-2-10:3. The D&O prescribed procedures, data requirements and preparation of plans related to abated venting of geothermal wells, meteorological, air and noise monitoring, biological and archaeological surveys, and emergency plans, which were to be submitted to the Department of Land & Natural .Resources for ministerial approval. AccordingJy ... all of ... the foregoing data requirements and plans arer conj;iai!!ed in .API'e!J§Aces. "A" through "F" and are submitted hei~with for appro~al.

Modification of the D&O prescribed procedures on "abated venting" is required in orde.t: to permit, as a standard industry procedural and technical requirement, the flow testing of each geothermal' well that intersects a reservoir on a continuous basis for up to 30-45 days. The flow testing must be accomplished in the normal open-flow, well-production and operational mode in order to properly and accurately measure and evaluate the resource and the reservoir characteristics. This analysis is the basis for determining whether or not a geothermal reservoir is capable of producing and sustaining at open-flow rate sufficient geothermal energy to enable economic generation of electricity over the 25-30 year life of a power plant. Equally critical is the need to avoid the periodic shutting down or significant changes in flow rates of a geothermal well because of the resulting thermal shocks and damage which would accrue to the well bore and cementing.

Department of Land & Natural Resources Page Two (2) February l, 1989

There is no reasonable alternative known to be feasible in the industry that would allow reservoir analysis to the degree of accuracy that is necessary to justify the commitment and expenditure of millions of dollars for a power plant to utilize the resource. Flow testing is conducted under abated venting procedures which limit emissions to prescribed standards. Therefore, in accordance with D&O, the DLNR is requested to modify the restrictions imposed in the D&O which do not allow abated venting to be conducted on a continuous basis which is required in the 30-45 days of flow testing of each successful well and which is required to avoid serious damage to a geothermal well bore if the resource flow rate is periodically required to be shut down or significally changed.

Very truly yours,

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY (Operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture)

Appendices:

III, Partner

"A" Management Plan "B" Air Quality and Meteorological Monitoring

Plan "C" Noise Monitoring Plan "D" Biological Survey Report "E" Archaeological Survey Report "F" Emergency Plan

cc: Mid-Pacific Geothermal, Inc. Estate of James Campbell

•

Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs

Geothermal Exploration Activities

Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone

Estate of James Campbell Property TMK 1-2-10:3

True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture

January, 1989

Encl. ( 1) Letter to DLNR dtd: __ _

Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs

Geothermal Exploration Activities




January, 1989

Encl. (1) Letter to DLNR dtd: __ _

•

f'1andgerilent Plan

Geothermal Development Activities

(Exploration Phase)


Estate of James Camp be 11 Property HIK 1-2-10: 3

T rue/Ni d-Pac i fi c Geothernra 1 Venture

Janudt·y, 1989

Append·ix A Letter to DLNR DATED: __ _

Management Plan

1. Access and Parking Control. A gate will be installed at the road

entrance to the Campbell Estate Property at the juncture of the State road

easement and the project site access road. Access will be limited to Project

Personnel, officials of government agencies having regulatory responsibilities

and such other visitors that may be admitted by project management. Since

there is a potential for emissions of H2s to exceed safe exposure levels

during drilling, testing and venting, requiring immediate use of a full face

gas mask by personnel at the drill site, no person with a beard will be

allowed at the site during these operations. All non-project personnel

admitted to the project site will be escorted by project personnel. A limited

vehicle parking area will be prepared at the entrance to each drill site for

utility vehicles and vehicles of project personnel and authorized visitors.

2. Safety. This section describes the over all policies of the

Operator on safety which are designed to maintain the highest level of safety

possible during project activities associated with exploration and development

of geothermal resources. Also included is a description of potential events

that could disrupt operations, cause injury or loss of life, or create health

hazards and the additional measures and actions that will be taken to minimize

the potential for such impacts.

Safety Policy. True Geothermal Energy Company, as operator,

considers safety as one of its highest priorities. The company safety policy

states that:

"True, owners, management and middle management, firmly believe that

' -1-

the continued success of any organization, or the successful completion of any

project, can be achieved if it is done safely.

We realize the need to have quality people who have a positive

attitude toward doing their jobs safely, with proficiency and with great

concern for the safety and health of fellow workers."

In order to promote safety awareness, management is committed to a

program of regular safety meetings at least once a month, for both the field

and office staffs. At these meetings, personnel will receive training and

lectures on the proper methods to handle hot valves, wellheads, pipelines, and

bleed lines so that they will not become a source of injury. In addition to

heat, H2S safety will be emphasized. Personnel will be trained to use the

emergency breathing equipment and recognize the danger signals of the presence

of high levels of H2s. First aid and C.P.R. sessions will be held

periodically. Regular updates to the evacuation plans will be presented. A

pyramid telephone calling system will be utilized to notify personnel of an

evacuation order.

Many incentives are offered for safety such as monthly glove awards,

yearly coverall awards, and yearly personal awards for drillers and

tool pushers.

Specific Safety Considerations Related to the Well-Bore and Drill

~· The drill rig will be equipped with proper blowout prevention equipment

to prevent uncontrolled release of well fluids from the well-bore. Blowout

prevention is approached from four aspects: proper equipment, proper mud

weight, proper training, and experienced supervision. Equipment currently

being recommended are ram-type preventers with blind and pipe rams and

bag-type preventers. Also essential to blowout prevention is proper cementing

-2-

of intermediate strings of casing and the use of appropriate mud weights to

balance reservoir pressure so that drilling will be under controlled

conditions. For example, a mud weight that is too light may speed drilling,

but could be inadequate to suppress a sudden gas entry.

All employees are and will continue to be instructed in the proper

procedure for closing and opening blowout preventers (BOP's) which will be

hydraulically operated. Safety is stressed in all aspects of this type of

operation. The operator has an on-the-job training program using video tapes

and projectors pertaining to safety, BOP's and maintenance, etc. (True

Drilling Company has been awarded the International Association of Drilling

Contractors Safety Commendation Award for seven consecutive years.)

Proper training of crews on how to recognize the symptoms of impending

blowout conditions and how to correct these conditions is of utmost

importance. An alert, experienced crew can handle all blowout conditions as

part of their normal duties. If this is done, conditions should return to

normal in a short time. The rig supervisor or pusher is responsible for

training the crew and insuring that safe practices are followed. The pusher

also makes sure that all equipment is properly maintained so that it will do

its job when an emergency arises.

Since high wellhead pressures have been reported on geothermal wells in

the Kilauea east rift zone, all wellheads, valves,and pipelines will be

designed to withstand at least 2000 psi. Because of the extreme heat and gas

content of the well fluids, most equipment must be derated below their name

plate value. It is intended that 2000 psi or higher rated equipment will be

used to provide an acceptable margin of safety.

' In geothermal drilling, particularly while using air, drill pipe will

-3-

wear quite heavily. Thus, frequent inspections of each length of drill pipe

are conducted to detect stress cracking, corrosion, and general wear and tear.

All tool joints are beefed up to provide a heavier wall to guard against

erosion due to abrasion from the well-bore cuttings. A magnetic particle

inspection unit will be available on site for conducting periodic pipe

inspections. In addition to drill pipe inspections, all casing is inspected

twice, once at the supply source and once on site before being used. These

inspections are essential to prevent defective pieces of pipe being installed

and creating a potential source of leaks.

Potential Hazards for Specified Events. The possible events, should

they occur, that could create potential hazards to the health and safety of

project personnel and other personnel within or near project activities are

described below together with the actions that will be taken or planned in

order to prevent or reduce the likelihood of such events occurring, or should

they occur or not be preventable, to reduce the effects of the event on the

health and safety of personnel that would be exposed to the event.

1) Volcanic Eruptions. Such events occurring without warning (which is

very unlikely) at, within or immediately adjacent to project activity sites

could cause serious injury or loss of life to personnel should they be at the

point of eruption. This potential hazard to personnel is reduced in direct

proportion to the amount of time between a warning of impending volcanic

activity and the event and the distance of the event from a project activity

site. An eruption directly under or adjacent to a project site could also

rupture or destroy pipelines between well heads and power plants causing

venting directly to the atmosphere of geothermal fluid if the volcanic • activity also damaged the well head assembly and automatic well shut-off

system. If there were faulting associated with the eruption which intersected

a well bore, there could also be a rupture of the well bore. If the rupture

were near the surface and didn't seal itself off, it is possible there could

be unabated venting to the atmosphere until an off-set well could be drilled.

Eruptions not directly under or adjacent to a project site activity, even

without warning, would pose far less hazard to personnel in the area.

Preventive or Mitigating Actions.

a) Establish and maintain continuous communications with the Hawaii

Volcanoes Observatory to assure receipt of early warning of or impending

eruption in the Kilauea East Rift Zone.

b) Instruct personnel on procedures to follow on receipt of a warning

of an impending eruption and on actions to take in the event of an eruption

within or adjacent to a project activity site including designation of

evacuation or escape routes and industry procedures on protecting and securing

the well head in the face of a threatening lava flow when it is feasible to do

so.

c) Conduct an engineering analysis of each prospective drilling site

and power plant site to be occupied, recognizing the potential of future

eruptions at any point along the Kilauea East Rift Zone. When possible, sites

will be selected to minimize the potential hazard of lava flows emanating

uphill of project activity. In addition, the use of facility protection

barriers, available high ground, and construction of facility platforms will

reduce the hazards due to lava flowing into a project site.

2) Earthquakes and Sudden Ground Movement Due to Faulting. Earthquakes

associated with volcanic activity in Hawaii are of small magnitude and have

• caused little damage. Tectonic earthquakes are larger in magnitude and occur

-5-

along or near major fault lines. The largest earthquake of record in Hawaii

occurred southwest of Kalapana in 1975 and registered a magnitude uf 7.2.

Sudden subsidence may occur as a result of volcanic or tectonic earthquake,

collapsing lava tubes and pit craters, or from subsurface intrusions. Such

subsidence could, under some conditions, cause damage to project facilities

including the possible rupture of a well bore if a sub-surface fault

intersected the well bore. The result of the event could be a casing leak or

perhaps venting to the atmosphere of the well flow if the well didn't seal

itself off, in which case the venting would continue until an off-set well

could be drilled to intersect the well below the rupture point.

Surface faulting and subsidence could rupture steam pipelines, again causing

temporary venting of the well flow into the atmosphere if the faulting or

eruptive activity caused the well head automatic shut-off system to

malfunction.

Mitigating Measures. Analysis of past eruptions, often accompanied

by cracking or subsidence near the vent area indicates there are areas in the

rift zone where the potential for eruption is less than other areas. Siting

of project facilities in such areas when possible can reduce the chances of

eruptions and subsidence occurring at project sites so located. Siting of

facilities outside the center of the rift zone when possible can significantly

reduce the potential hazards of volcanic eruptions and accompanying subsidence

and faulting. More predictable, the incorporation of design criteria into

primary facilities and systems whose failure under such conditions could

result in a health hazard, injury or loss of life will reduce the potential

hazards of subsidence and earthquake activity in an active volcanic rift zone.

-~

3) The Potential for Personnel to be Exposed to High Temperature

Geothermal Fluids or Steam Under High Pressure. This potential hazard is

increased in areas where personnel are working around pipelines, well heads,

and tanks where space is restricted so as to prevent rapid movement or escape

in the event of a rupture.

Mitigation Measures. Personnel working in such spaces will be

required to wear protective clothing and masks. Back-up personnel will be

present in a position adjacent to the restricted space while personnel are

occupying such spaces in the performance of their duties.

4) Exposure to Chemicals Used in the Pollutant Abatement Systems.

Personnel will be handling and mixing chemicals used in pollutant abatement

systems and could be subject to overexposure that could cause injury or a

health problem. Only experienced personnel will be utilized in this

operation.

Mitigating Measures. Personnel will be instructed on the nature and

hazards of each chemical being used, the methods of proper handling, storage

and mixing of the chemicals and emergency procedures in the event of accident

or over-exposure. Emergency water sources will be located near the chemical

storage and mixing area. Special articles of protective clothing appropriate

for the chemicals used will be available and required to be worn for handling

or mixing specified chemicals. Appropriate fire suppression equipment will be

positioned at the chemical storage container.

5) Possible Exposure to High (unsafe) Levels of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2s).

The geothermal resources in Hawaii that have been discovered and analyzed

indicate the presence of H2s at concentration levels in the range of 900 -

• 1300 ppm. While these concentrations are rapidly diluted on mixing with air

-7-

and/or as a result of the application of H2S abatement procedures, an H2S

environment can be hazardous to personnel at or near the emission point unless

adequate safety precautions are taken. During drilling operations, H2S

present in the geothermal resource would be emitted through the blooie line

while drilling with air (after the reservoir is intersected), during venting

of the well and during testing. H2S emissions would be abated during drilling

and testing, but unabated during well venting. Unabated emissions could also

occur as a result of a blow-out of the well bore. Lower concentrations of H2S

gas have a sweet taste and the odor of rotten eggs and can be detected.

Higher concentrations of 11 2s (100 ppm) can impair the sense of smell in 2 - 15

minutes. Direct, continuous exposure to still higher concentration levels

(500 ppm) over a period of 30 minutes to one (1) hour could cause lung

paralysis and death.

Mitigating Measures. Project personnel are instructed at regularly

conducted safety meetings on the hazards of H2S as well as the proper

procedures to be used during drilling, well completion and well testing which

are designed to prevent uncontrolled emissions from the well bore. They are

also instructed on how to use H2S detection and air breathing equipment.

Respiratory protection equipn~nt is always available on site to be used by

project personnel and authorized visitors as may be required. (See Emergency

Plan, Appendix "F", for H2S emergency procedures).

6) Exposure to Excessive Noise Levels. Project personnel will be

exposed to continuous noise levels in the range of 60-80 decibles and impact

noises exceeding that level and occasional noise levels of up to 120 decibles

when venting a well .

• Mitigating Measures. Project personnel will be required to have

available and wear sound protection devices when in project areas generating

-8-

maximum noise levels. A noise monitoring/recording instrument will be

maintained at the drilling site.

7) Well Blowouts. A well blowout could occur below surface or at the

well head. A blowout would result in the full or partial free flow of the

high temperature, high pressure geothermal resource from the reservoir until

it could be secured. Such an event could cause injury, or a health hazard, or

create a nusiance if project personnel or nearby residents were exposed to

excessive or nusiance levels of H2S. A blowout due to a well bore rupture

be 1 ow the surface or at the we 11 head cou 1 d take severa 1 days or 1 anger to

secure, the longer time depending on the depth of the rupture which would have

to be reached by off-set drilling.

Very few geothermal wells have failed in the world-wide industry.

Some of the few that have occurred were the result of improper well siting in

areas susceptible to landslides; setting surface casing at a depth that is too

shallow; cementing the surface casing in incompetent rock formations; or, due

to errors in planning or executing the drilling medium (fluid) program.

Mitigating Measures. Continually improving industry standards are

being applied by operators to further reduce the chances of a well blowout. A

well trained crew and reliable equipment are the most important elements of a

blowout prevention program and these two key elements will be used for this

project. (See Application for Permit to Drill, submitted concurrently to

DLNR)

3. Drainage. Surface alterations to accommodate project operations will

be designed to assure that normal area drainage patterns are not disturbed.

4. Signs. "No-Trespassing", hazardous warning and safety signs will be

' posted at applicable sites in the project area.

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5. Lighting Provisions. Lighting for night operations will be designed

and arranged to assure that such operations can be performed safely and

efficiently. Bright light requirements can generally be directed or sheltered

to limit any impacts outside of the project area. Because of the isolation of

the project area, it is unlikely that lights will disturb any residential

areas. Proper hazard lights will be installed on the top of the drill rig for

aircraft that may overfly the project site.

6. Changes in Landscape. The landscape will be altered in portions of

the project area where clearing of the forest is required for drilling sites,

roads and power plant sites. Land surface requirements for project operations

are described in the Revised Environmental Impact statement and the

supplemental EIS for this project. Metes and bounds description of all areas

to be cleared will be submitted to DLNR prior to conducting any clearing

operations.

-10-

•

Air QuRlity and Meteorolog1cal Monitoring Program


(Exploration Phase)

Kilauea Middle East Hift Zone

Estate of J.:Hne:> Campbell Property 'l'MK 1-2-10: J


Janu<:a·y, l~U9

Appendix ll Leltcr L.u DJ.UJ(

IJA'l'ED: ----

/

SU!'1NAHY

'l'his document presents a bcisic plan for an air quality cil1ll

meteorological monitoring program to :;upport the incrementcil

cxplorulion and ck:ve.lopmcnt of Lhe J\il<~uca Middle EasL Hift <:onu

Geothermal Hcsource Subzone (GHS), Puna District, Island of

Ilawaii. The i\ir Quality and Meteoroloyica.l Monitoring Plan .1s

submitted separately for approval to the Director of thu !Jawuii

DeJ!urtmeJYt of Health (DoH) who has Lhe StaLe's responsibility for

implementing l::PA d.ll.- quality regulations in l!awuii

The plan addresses primarily the moni toJ:ing to be uccomplished

during the initial exploration phase of the proJect. Aiter d

resource discovery, and upon making a decision to proceed into

the development phase in a specii.tc <~rea of the project s.ile, dny

required changes and/ or additions to the moni to1.·ing plan will be

submitted to the Director, Doll for approval .:~nd to the Director,

Department of Land and Natur.:~l Hesources (DLNR) with the

submission for .:~pproval of the development plan fo1.· d specified

level of development.

.l

•

Table of Contents

List of Tables •

List of Figures

1. Introduction ..

2. Air Quality Monitoring Guidelines.

3. Overview of Monitoring Program

4. Meteorological Monitoring

5. Air Quality Monitoring

6. Ancillary Data .•

7. Quality Assurance

8. Data Reduction and Reporting Attachment 1 - Executive Summary of Prior Air Quality and Meteorological Monitoring for Kilauea East Rift Zone

iii

Page

iv

iv

1

2

7

8

ll

16

18

18

Number

1

2

3

4

Number

1

List of Tables

Title

Anions in Rainwater Samples Analyzed by Ion Chromatography

Quality Assurance Content Requirements

Environmental Data Set - Mobile Monitoring Station

Environmental Data Set - Drilling Site A1 Monitoring Station

List of Figures

Title

Proposed Project Exploration/Development Areas

iv

Page

20

21

22

23

24

1. Introduction

This document presents a plan for an air quality and meteoro

logical monitoring program to support the exploration phase

of the incremental exploration and development of geothermal

resources in the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone Geothermal

Resource Subzone (GRS), Puna District, Island of Hawaii.

The Board of Land and Natural Resources (BLNR) approved, in a

Decision and Order issued on April 11, 1986 a long-range plan

for the exploration and development of geothermal resources

in the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone GRS. This long-range

plan provides for the development of 100 megawatts (MW) of

electrical generation capacity to serve first the needs of

the Island of Hawaii and secondly for export to Oahu via a

deepwater transmission cable. As provided in the Decision

and Order, the initial phase of the project will be the

exploration phase during which limited drilling and testing

of up to 12 exploratory wells will occur over a period of

approximately 2 years. The exploration phase will provide

preliminary data on the presence, location and characteris

tics of geothermal resources in the project area. The moni

toring proposed for this initial increment of exploration

will measure the air quality in the area of maximum estimated

impacts due to emissions from drilling, venting and flow

testing of the exploratory wells.

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•

As shown in the following sections, the monitoring program

will follow the guidelines of the U. S. Environmental Protec

tion Agency where appropriate and will provide the informa

tion necessary to demonstrate compliance with the applicable

ambient air quality standards for the project activities

described. The monitoring program will be updated and modi

fied as appropriate in parallel with project development

activities.

2. Air Quality and Meteorological Monitoring Guidelines

The Board of Land and Natural Resources Decision and Order

(D&O) of April 11, 1986 requires that an Air Quality Monitor

ing Program and Meteorological Monitoring Program be imple

mented coincident with the start of drilling in the Kilauea

Middle East Rift Zone Geothermal Resource Subzone (GRS). The

Decision & Order specifies monitoring requirements and moni

toring sites for the full 100 megawatt project and states

that the Air Quality Monitoring Program will follow, where

appropriate, u. s. EPA protocols and guidelines for monitor

ing and quality assurance documentation. The D&O further

requires that the developer meet all Federal, State and

County air quality standards. Finally, the D&O provides that

the air quality program may be modified as deemed necessary

by DLNR based on information derived in the initial phase or

phases of the project in order to address activities to be

undertaken subsequent to such initial phases.

-2-

The Director of the Hawaii Department of Health has the

responsibility to implement and enforce the regulations for

the EPA air quality programs in Hawaii, including the moni

toring requirements. Chapters 59 (Ambient Air Quality Stan

dards) and 60 (Air Pollution Control) of Title 11 of the

Hawaii Administrative Rules prescribe the air quality stan

dards and rules for stationary sources of air pollutant

emissions in the state. Subchapter 3 of Chapter 60, Hawaii

Administrative Rules, pertaining to stationary emission

sources, prvvides the basis for the air quality and meteoro

logical monitoring programs described herein. Subchapter 4

pertains to major stationery sources which, subject to addi

tional criteria, may require an EPA PSD review concurrent

with the application for Authority to Construct or Modify

such an emission source.

Geothermal wells do not meet the EPA criteria of major perma

nent sources of emissions. Emissions from wells prior to

being produced or "operated" occur only during a portion of

the drilling and during venting and testing operations and

only if the well encounters a geothermal resource. After

testing is completed, the well is shut down until it is

connected to a power plant as a supply·well. Any potential

emissions from the well when "operated" will be controlled at

the power plant in accordance with the requirements of the

air quality permits for the power plant. Thus, the emissions

-3-

'

from well drilling, venting and testing and during operation

as part of an operating power plant are not large enough to

constitute a major source and, therefore, are not subject to

EPA PSD review requirements.

It is possible that a very large permanent geothermal power

plant would qualify as a major source of emissions subject to

the EPA PSD review requirements. The latest edition of the

EPA monitoring guidelines (EPA, 1987) provides very detailed

information on 1) the monitoring requirements during the

preconstruction and post-construction phases of operations

and 2) the criteria for determining the location and number

of monitoring stations appropriate for a new, major emission

source.

Under PSD review procedures, preconstruction monitoring for a

major new source is required in order to establish baseline

(existing) air quality levels and meteorological conditions

at the site of a new or modified emission source. The esti

mated impacts of the new or modified permanent source would

be added to the baseline levels and the totals would be

compared to the applicable ambient air quality standards to

assure that the emission control systems in the new or modi

fied source are adequate to maintain national and state

ambient air quality standards. Baseline air quality in the

Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone GRS has been thoroughly charac

terized in previous studies and the results of these studies,

-4-

including air dispersion models to estimate potential impacts

of project activities are summarized in the EIS for the

project. A summary report of prior air quality and meteoro

logical monitoring for the Kilauea east rift zone, which

includes the project site for which this plan is designed,

was prepared for the State (DPED, dated July 31, 1985). An

executive summary of this report is appended as Attachment 1.

Post-construction monitoring for a new or modified permanent,

major source may be required under PSD regulations to demon

strate that the emissions from this source do not cause or

contribute to a violation of any applicable ambient air

quality standards. In order to demonstrate compliance, the

post-construction monitoring must be done at the location of

maximum total impacts. "Ambient air" is defined in federal

regulations (40CFR50.1(e)) as that portion of the atmosphere

external to buildings, to where the general public has ac

cess. If the maximum modeled impacts are within an area

excluded from ambient air (i.e., within the property boundary

of a project), the monitor should be located downwind of the

emission source at or near the property boundary.

Selecting the correct location for a monitoring station for

an area with multiple permanent emission points as may be

applicable for this project in the future, requires careful

analysis of the meteorological conditions in that area in

relation to the characteristics and design and location of

-5-

•

the emission sources and pollutants being emitted. However,

for the proposed initial exploration phase, there are no

other sources present in the project area except for volcanic

emissions, and these impacts have been characterized in the

baseline air quality studies.

During the initial exploration phase, the proposed project is

a very limited operation with respect to creating a permanent

new source. There will be only one temporary source emit

ting at any one time during drilling and testing of wells.

There will be only one well venting (i.e., emitting at an

uncontrolled level) at any given time and then only for a

maximum of eight hours. After venting, each well is flow

tested for thirty to forty-five days using appropriate pollu

tant and noise abatement systems. As subsequent exploratory

wells are drilled and the geothermal resource is encountered,

the testing period for these subsequent wells will be shorter

and shorter.

The following sections describe a monitoring program that is

consistent with EPA protocols and guidelines and the nature

of the incremental geothermal exploration and development

activities that will occur in the project area •

-6-

•

3. overview of Monitoring Program

A twofold monitoring approach will be taken in this program.

During the exploration phase of the project, a continuous

meteorological monitoring station will be located at Drilling

Site A1 (See Figure 1). This will be supplemented by air

quality and meteorological monitoring downwind of a drill

site using a mobile monitoring van. When a decision is made

to construct a permanent emission source (i.e., a power

plant) for the production phase of the project, one or more

permanent post-construction air quality monitoring stations

will be established, as required, at the maximum impact

area(s) to confirm that project emissions from the new perma

nent source are in compliance with National and State stan

dards.

During the exploration phase, the mobile monitoring van will

be located as close as possible to the maximum estimated

impact area for each of the drilling sites shown in Figure 1.

The air quality monitoring systems will be operated when

emissions from drilling occur. In addition, passive H2S

monitors will be operated at a radius of approximately three

thousand feet in the primary downwind directions from each

drill site. Any potentially significant pollution episodes

during drilling and testing would be detected by the opera

tion of the mobile monitoring van and the passive H2S moni

tors.

-7-

'

Standard u.s. EPA quality assurance documentation will be

provided for the monitoring program as appropriate. Quarter

ly reports will be submitted so that the status of the air

quality can be regularly reviewed by regulatory agencies.

4. Meteorological Monitoring

The discussion of meteorology for the project area as pre

sented in the project EIS identified possible stagnation

zones due to night-time formation of small scale fronts

between drainage winds and trade winds as a consideration in

estimating potential air quality impacts. The project EIS

also summarized the results of relevant studies on the mete

orology for the area including data from monitoring at two

downwind sites near the property boundary of the project

site. The descriptions of meteorology in the project site

were based on these data and on extrapolations from meteoro

logical data along the Kilauea east rift zone and regional

stations.

The initial, continuous meteorological monitoring station

will be installed at the first drill site on a standard 10

meter meteorological monitoring tower in order to obtain

site-specific meteorological data. These data will be used

throughout the exploration phase to identify maximum impact

areas of emissions from drilling operations. Due to the

-a-

interplay between trade winds, local drainage winds, and the

land-sea breeze phenomenon, the point of maximum impact

cannot be accurately estimated without site specific meteoro

logical measurements. The tower will be instrumented at the

10 m level to obtain horizontal wind speed and direction,

vertical wind speed and temperature. If a decision is made

to proceed into a development phase, the cumulative data will

be evaluated to determine whether the initial continuous

monitoring station should be relocated in relationship to the

planned power plant site, and to determine whether additional

steps need to be taken to obtain more data on the extent and

effects of drainage winds in the planned area of development;

i.e., the use of a tethersonde to develop vertical profiles

of wind speed, wind direction and temperature. Since there

will be a time lapse of 16-20 months between the decision for

the first increment of development and the initiation of

power plant operations, there would be more than adequate

time to complete this additional meteorological monitoring.

The meteorological monitoring for the exploration phase will

be conducted at Drilling Site Al (see Figure 1) since that

area will be the base of operations for at least the first

phase of exploration. The project area is currently undevel

oped and there are no access roads, thus, the first access

roads will be into the area around Drilling Site Al.

-9-

•

The monitoring system consists of Weather measure Model W203

and W204 sensors, a Campbell Scientific multilogger model

CR121 and a 10 meter tower. A back-up chart recorder will be

added to the system.

Radon monitoring will also be done as part of the continuous

meteorological monitoring at the drill site. One track-etch

radon monitor will be placed in a rain-shield housing at

DSAl. The track-etch technique is a passive method. The

three month sample exposure produced excellent results during

the two and one-half years of baseline monitoring along the

Kilauea East Rift and will be used in this monitoring pro

gram. The radon monitors which will be used are manufactured

by Terradex Corporation and have been routinely used world

wide.

Water catchment (rainfall) samples will be collected from

three downwind sites in neighboring residential communities

on a quarterly basis. Acid-cleaned polyethylene collection

systems were used during the baseline monitoring and will be

used in this monitoring program. The pH of the samples will

be measured with a portable pH meter promptly after collec

tion. Table 1 lists the anions which will be measured by the

IC technique .

-10-

•

5. Air Quality Monitoring

The continuous meteorological monitoring at drill site A-1

will be supplemented with air quality and meteorological

monitoring in the areas of maximum estimated impacts for well

drilling, testing and venting using the mobile monitoring

van. Because of the proximity of the first drill site to a

residential property boundary (1.9 miles) and based on exist

ing meteorological data indicating the possibility of pre

vailing project site drainage winds in the direction of that

boundary, the mobile monitoring van will be located initially

along the access road between the drill site and the property

boundary. As the on-site meteorological data base is expand

ed, it would be used to refine the analyses used to identify

areas of maximum impact due to well drilling and to relocate

the mobile van as required. To be consistent with the defi

nition of "ambient air", the monitoring van would always be

located in a prevailing downwind-of-source direction in the

area of maximum impact at or beyond the property boundary.

The mobile monitoring station will monitor air quality and

meteorological conditions for a minimum of one week before

emissions commence from the well being drilled and continue

-11-

•

during drilling, venting and testing. These monitoring sites

will probably not have power available and a propane genera

tor will be used. Propane will be used as a fuel rather than

diesel or gasoline, so that generator exhaust will not impact

the monitoring instrumentation.

The same basic approach used for air quality monitoring

surveys conducted around Kahauale'a and the Puna Forest

Reserve will be used in the program described here. For

those parameters monitored, the same or equivalent in

strumentation and analytical procedures will be used. The

environmental parameters which will be measured with the

mobile monitoring van are:

Continuous ambient 502 concentrations. Hourly, and

twenty-four hour averages will be tabulated and report

ed.

Continuous ambient H2S concentrations. Hourly and

twenty-four hour averages will be tabulated and report

ed •

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Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) and PMlO concentra

tions will be measured for twenty-four hour periods with

high volume samplers. One sample will be collected

every sixth day. This is a standard procedure used to

insure that mean values calculated from the daily values

are not biased (e.g., week days versus weekend days).

Wind speed and direction will be measured continuously.

Hourly and twenty four hour averages will be tabulated

and reported.

Continuous precipitation measurements will be made.

Hourly and twenty-four hour totals will be tabulated and

reported.

Gaseous mercury concentrations will be measured. One

twenty-four hour sample will be collected simultaneously

with the particulate samples every sixth day.

Sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide measurements will be made

with Meloy Laboratories (Columbia Scientific) or Thermo

Electron Corporation sulfur analyzers or equivalent. The

instrument used will be u.s. EPA-approved for ambient S02

monitoring which can be utilized with ancillary components

for H2S monitoring as well. These instruments provide a

continuous record of atmospheric S02 and H2S concentrations

-13-

•

when interfaced with a data logger or chart recorder. Cali

bration will be performed with a VICI Metronics permeation

device or equivalent. Calibrations will be performed on any

day the monitoring van is moved to a new site and weekly

during the monitoring period.

Particulate monitoring will be conducted with General Metal

Works or Sierra (Andersen Samplers, Inc.) or equivalent

high-volume samplers. The high-volume samplers are standard

particulate monitoring instruments and have been used in

numerous U.S. EPA monitoring programs. The samplers will be

calibrated on a quarterly basis with commercially available

orifice calibrators. Glass fiber filter media will be used

with the high-volume sampler. The mass of particulate mate

rial will be determined by weighing before and after sample

collection. An analytical balance will be used with the

high-volume glass fiber filters. special numbered field

transport containers will be used.

continuous wind speed and direction measurements will be made

at the monitoring van with a recording wind speed/direction

sensor system. A data logger and a back-up pressure sensi

tive recorder will be used to record the wind speed and

direction data. The instruments proposed to be used are

manufactured by Qualimetrics, Inc. or an equivalent quality

-14-

manufacturer and consist of a 3-cup anemometer, an air foil

vane, and a strip chart recorder. A folding seven meter

tower is affixed to the monitoring van for the wind speed and

direction sensors.

Continuous rainfall records will be made at the monitoring

van. A tipping bucket rain gage is attached to the roof of

the monitoring van. The continuous rainfall measurements

will be recorded with an interfaced seven-day event recorder.

The instrument which will be used is manufactured by

Qualimetrics, Inc.

Total mercury vapor (elemental, inorganic compounds, and

organometallic) samples will be collected at the monitoring

van. A twenty-four sample will be collected simultaneously

with the particulate samples. Pyrex glass wool/nitric acid

sampling tubes or an equivalent technique will be used to

capture the atmospheric mercury. The uv spectrophotometric

technique will be used for the sample analysis.

In addition to the mobile monitoring van located at the point

of maximum estimated impact, eight VICI Metronics passive H2S

monitors will be positioned at primary downwind directions at

a distance of approximately 3,000 feet from the drill site.

These passive monitors will be operated continuously while

• drilling activity is occurring. Week-long sampling periods

will permit H2S detection limits of several ppbv to be ob-

-15-

'

tained. By thus positioning the H2S passive monitors,

average atmospheric H2S levels in all primary downwind direc

tions from the drill site can be documented.

6. Ancillary Data

Several types of ancillary data will be compiled during the

environmental monitoring program. These are:

A log of exploration and development activities will be

maintained by appropriate personnel. A special note will be

made of all events that have the potential to affect the

level of project emissions (e.g., well venting, shut down of

well). This will permit a correlation to be made between

pollutant levels measured by the environmental monitoring

instrumentation and specific exploration and development

activities. Mitigation strategies can then be developed.

This log will be included as an appendix in the environmental

monitoring reports.

A record of volcanic activity will be maintained since vol

canic activity can significantly impact air quality. The

weekly reports of volcanic activity published by the USGS

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory which span the monitoring period

will be included as an appendix in the environmental monitor

ing reports.

-16-

Local rainfall data recorded as part of the National Weather

Service network will be included as an appendix in the moni

toring reports. Rainfall affects pollutant levels both

directly (the scrub-out effect) and indirectly (pollen and

spore production, and dust suppression). Relevant meteoro

logical sites where rainfall records are currently kept

include: Mountain View, Leilani Estates, Pahoa, and Kapoho

Beach. Relevant rainfall measurements and daily wind direc

tion observations have also been made by the National Park

Service at Lae Apuki (near Kalapana) as part of their fire

control program.

Continuous wind speed and direction measurements are made at

the HGP-A power plant. This data will be referenced in the

environmental monitoring reports when such data are relevant.

Numerous scientific investigations have been performed in the

Kilauea East Rift area by scientists associated with the

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS), the National Park Ser

vice Research Center, the Mauna Loa Observatory, the HGP-A

power plant, and the University of Hawaii. Should environ

mentally relevant data, reports or publications become avail

able during the monitoring program, they will be referenced

and described in the monitoring reports.

-17-

7. Quality Assurance and EPA Monitoring Guidelines and Protocols

Quality assurance documentation will be prepared following

u.s. EPA guidelines. It will contain applicable components

from "Guidelines and Specifications for Preparing Quality

Assurance Project Plans, 1980, u.s. EPA, MERL/QA-2, EPA"

(Table 2), with detailed standard operating procedures (SOPS)

for all sampling, monitoring, and analytical procedures. The

SOPs will follow where appropriate, EPA monitoring guidelines

and protocols. A quality assurance report will be included

as part of each quarterly environmental monitoring document.

To the extent practical, u.s. EPA siting guidelines will be

followed for criteria pollutant monitoring (40 CFR part 58

Appendix E), for meteorological monitoring (EPA-600/4-82-060

Volume 4) and for siting precipitation measurement systems

(EPA-600/4-82-042a).

a. Data Reduction and Reporting

Quarterly reports will be prepared. Due to the length of

time required for analyses and data reduction, the quarterly

reports will lag the actual monitoring quarter by approxi

mately two months. Tables 3 and 4 list the data that will be

produced and included in the quarterly reports.

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•

In addition to the environmental data that will be compiled

in the reports, data interpretation and discussions will be

presented. The quarterly reports will also contain: (1) a

description and photo-documentation of the monitoring sites,

(2) a quality assurance report and (3) ancillary data as

discussed in Paragraph 7 .

-19-

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8 •

•

Table 1

Anions in Rainwater Samples Analyzed by Ion Chromatography

Anion Symbol

Bromide Br-

Chloride Cl-

Fluoride F-

2-Phosphate P04

Nitrite N02-

Nitrate N03-

2-Sulfate S04

2-Sulfite S03

-20-

Table 2

Quality Assurance Content Requirements*

1. Title Page

2. Table of Contents

3. Project Description

4. Project Organization & Responsibilities

5. QA Objectives for measurement data in terms of precision, accuracy, completeness, and comparability

6. Sampling Procedures

7. Sample Custody

8. Calibration Procedures

9. Analytical Procedures

10. Data Analysis, Validation, and Reporting

11. Internal Quality Control Checks

12. Performance and System Audits

13. Preventive Maintenance

14. Specific routine procedures to be used to assess data precision, accuracy, and completeness

15. Corrective Action

16. Quality Assurance Reports to Management

* from: Guidelines and Specifications for Preparing Quality Assurance Project Plans, 1980, u.s. EPA, MERL/QA-2

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Table 3

Environmental Data Set - Mobile Monitoring Station

Parameter

S02

H2S

Total Mercury Vapor

TSP

PM-10 Particles

Wind Speed and Direction

Precipitation

•

Units

ppbv

ppbv

ng/m3

ug/m3

ug/m3

MPH and compass points

inches

-22-

Data Points

24 hour means 1 hour means


24 hour integrated v

24 hour integrated v,

24 hour integrated v,

1 hour means frequency distributi, tabulations

24 hour totals 1 hour totals

I

"' w I

• Table 4

Environmental Data Set - Drilling Site Al Monitoring Station

Parameter Units

Wind Speed and MPH and degrees Direction

Precipitation inches

Radar. pCi/1

Rainwater Chemistry pH units and ppm

Data Points

1 hour means frequency distribution tabulations


Three month integrated values

1 sample collected during active drilling uncertain sampling duration, 30 elements, 8 anions and pH

Baseline Air Quality - Kilauea East Rift

Introduction

The Kilauea East Rift on the Island of Hawaii is the technically most promising area within the State of Hawaii for future geothermal development. However, the East Rift area also contains large tracts of pristine forests, comprises a portion of the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, and is surrounded by several small communities and a number of residential subdivisions. The Kilauea East Rift is volcanically very active and naturally emits air pollutants normally associated with industrial sources. Extensive baseline air quality monitoring has been conducted along the East Rift to quantify pre-development concentrations of environmentally hazardous pollutants so that any future change in their concentrations which may occur due to geothermal development can be assessed.

The report presented here is a summary of the results obtained from five recent baseline air quality studies. These are:

Environmental Baseline Survey, Kilauea East Rift December, 1982, through December, 1983, study period Hawaii Department of Planning and Economic Development (OPED)

Environmental Baseline Survey, Kilauea East Rift (Year Two) 1984 study period Hawaii Department of Planning and Economic Development

Remote Environmental Baseline Monitoring, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 1984 study period National Park Service

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Survey, Kahauale'a Geothermal Project February, 1984, through February, 1985, study period True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Survey, Puna Forest Reserve February and March, 1985, study period True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture

In addition to the data directly generated fro. these studies, a survey of data obtained from scientific research and other monitoring which have been done on the Island of Hawaii has been conducted. Relevant research performed by scientists associated with the University of Hawaii, the Hawaii Volcano

-2-

Observatory, the Mauna Loa Observatory; air quality monitoring conducted by the Hawaii Department of Health; and meteorological monitoring conducted by the National Park Service, Mid-Pacific Geothermal, Inc., the Thermal Power Company, and the National Weather Service have been incorporated into this report.

Six environmental pollutant categories were identified as being most important for study and their baseline levels were documented. These were: (1) atmospheric particles, (2) sulfur dioxide gas, {3) hydrogen sulfide gas, (4) rainwater chemistry, (5) atmospheric mercury, and (6) radon activity. Each of. the pollutant categories are impacted by volcanism and/or can be impacted by future geothermal development. In addition to the quantification of specific ambient pollutant levels, wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall data were also studied, as meteorological conditions influence atmospheric pollutant levels.

The baseline study area comprises portions of the Ka'u and Puna Districts on the Island of Hawaii. Monitoring sites were select'd along the East Rift from the summit of Kilauea Volcano to Cape Kumukahi; however, •aJor emphasis was placed on the area from the summit to Highway 130. The area along the Pohoiki Road, where geothermal exploration and development have occurred, was purposely avoided to prevent the possible contamination of baseline samples by geothermal emissions. Relatively little sampling or monitoring was conducted at the extreme lower end of the Rift near Cape Kumukahi because that area is considered to have a low potential for future geothermal development.

The combined data base from the five environmental programs and from the meteorological monitoring that provides the basis for this executive summary is extensive. The data has been collected over a two and one-half year period and it includes: (1) approximately 17,000 hours of continuous sulfur dioxide (S02) gas measurements made at eleven locations, (2) one hundred and thirty-two integrated multi-day so2 gas samples collected at ten locations, (3) approximately 17,000 hours of continuous hydrogen sulfide {HzS) gas measurements made at eleven locations, (4) one hundred and thirty-two integrated, multi-day H2S gas samples collected at ten locations, (5) measurements from two hundred and seventy-five passive multi-day H2s monitors placed at thirty-six locations, (6) atmospheric particulate concentrations determined from more than 750 samples collected at twenty-one

-3-

locations, (7) analysts for thirty-four elements conducted on approximately 510 particulate samples, (8) additional elemental, anionic, and carbon analyses conducted on subsets of the particulate samples, (9) measurements from fifty-seven continuous quarterly and monthly radon-222 (Rn222 ) monitors placed at eighteen locations, (10) pH, elemental, and anionic analyses (thirty-six ele-ents and anions) conducted on fifty-one rainwater samples collected at fourteen locations, (11) additional trace eleaental analysis conducted on a subset of the rainwater samples, (12) ten elemental mercury vapor samples collected at seven locations, (13) fifty-six total mercury vapor samples collected at nine locations, (14) approximately 510 particulate mercury analyses on samples collected at twenty-one locations, (15) fifty-three integrated multi-day chlorine (CL2) gas samples collected at six locations, (16) over 60,000 hours of continuous wind speed and direction measurements made at fifteen locations, and (17) approximately 4,000 daily wind observations made at six locations.

The executive summary presented here contains a brief discussion of current pollutant levels and meteorological conditions characteristic of the East Rift area. The reader is referred to the complete summary report document submitted to OPED (July 31, lg85) for detailed data compilations and for a description of the monitoring networks and of the methods used in the environmental studies.

Atmospheric Particles

Monitoring for total suspended particles (TSP), respirable particles and inhalable particles was conducted along the Kilauea East Rift. In addition to atmospheric concentration levels the chemical composition of the particles was studied. Respirable (less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter) and inhalable (less than 15 microns in aerodynamic diameter) are considered more injurious to human health than larger particles since they reach the gas exchange areas and the air conducting pathways of the lungs, respectively, and are routinely monitored for that reason. Total suspended particles (TSP) are,

' as the name implies, all particles that are in the atmosphere. Sampling for TSP by utilizing high-volume samplers is a well-established regulatory procedure.

The atmospheric concentration of particulate material along the Kilauea East Rift has been found to be very low. The particulate concentrations

-4-

characteristic of the East Rift are much lower than mainland values and u.s. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards. While average TSP, inhalable particulate, and respirable particulate concentration levels are all lower than mainland averages, most dramatic are the exceptionally low respirable particulate concentration values. These are probably due to the absence of major anthropogenic combustion sources (viz, fossil fuel combustion) on the Island of Hawaii. Of interest to the fact that secondary particles formed from volcanic fume are primarily in the respirable size range and considerable volcanic activity did occur during the sampling period. During more typical periods of less active volcanism, respirable particulate levels would ostensibly be extremely low. Oust from geological sources suspended by traffic, agricultural activity, and wind, as well as volcanic tephra, are primarily greater than 2.5 microns in size and is greatest during periods of low rainfall. During the study years of 1983 and 1984, rainfall along the East Rift was lower than normal. At the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (HYNP) headquarters there was a 40 inch and 13 inch departure from the mean annual rainfall level of 108 inches during 1983 and 1984, respectively. At the community of Pahoa there was a 48 inch and a 18 inch departure from the mean annual rainfall level of 151 inches during 1983 and 1984, respectively. As

with the respirable particles; TSP and inhalable particulate levels characteristic of the East Rift area during more typical years are probably even lower than those measured during the baseline studies.

Elemental analyses were conducted on nearly all particulate samples. Several observations could be made by studying the elemental data: (1) the elemental values make up a relatively small percentrage of the overall particulate mass, (2) elements associated with sea salt (sodium, magnesium, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, and calcium), geological dust (aluminium, silicon, potassium, calcium, titanium, and iron), volcanic fu.e (sulfur and chlorine), smoke (carbon and potassium), and vegetative fragments (phosphorous) have the highest concentration levels, and (3) data for samples collected on the lower rift differ in a predictable way from data for samples collected on the upper rift.

'

Organic compounds, oxide oxygen, and water of hydration together comprise the largest portion of the particulate mass. Oxide oxygen and water of hydration cannot be easily quantified. Many of the elements ~asured contain oxygen in the compounds in which they occur, and large amounts of water can be

-5-

expected to be associated with secondary volcanic fume particles and sea salt aerosol, especially in the high humidity environment typical of many locations on the rift. Organic carbon, elemental carbon, and carbonate carbon were measured in selected samples. The mass of organic compounds can be estimated from the mass of organic. carbon by using a multiplication factor of 1.7 which takes into consideration nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen contained in organic compounds along with the carbon. It was found that organic compounds do comprise a significant fraction of the particulate mass. In some cases more than half the aerosal mass can be attributed to the organic compounds.

Chemical mass balance (CMB) source apportionment was conducted by mathematically comparing the average aerosol elemental data and the elemental data of particles originating from specific sources. The CMB modeling permitted the current sources of atmospheric particles to be estimated. Elemental data for road dust and volcanic tephra sources were directly obtained from samples collected on the Island of Hawaii. Other source data were obtained from reports of previous studies. While the impact of the particulate sources, as calculated by the CMB techni~ue, vary from site to site, the differences between the sites are understandable in light of their geographical locations. Lower Rift sites have a high sea salt impact, a minor volcanic impact, and little or no smoke impact. Upper Rift sites have a low sea salt impact, a high volcanic impact, and a moderate smoke impact. Atmospheric particles in both areas have a moderate dust component, a large vegetative material component (pollen, spores, and vegetative fragments), and a very small vehicular exhaust component. (It should be emphasized that the use of the terms high and large are relative and that the total atmospheric particulate levels are all low.) By examining the CMB results of respirable, coarse (2.5-15 microns), and TSP data, it was obvious that sea salt, dust, and vegetative particles were primarily greater than 2.5 microns and impacted the inhalable and TSP levels much more than the respirable particulate levels. In contrast, volcanic fume, smoke, and vehicular exhaust were more predominant in the respirable size (less than 2.5 microns) category. This finding is consistent with the general understanding that particles entering the

' atmosphere by physical processes are larger in size than those formed from combustion and other high temperature sources.

In addition to CMB modeling, b1variant plots of elemental concentrations contained in ambient aerosols were helpful in determining the major sources of

-6-

particles. Aluminium and silicon are key components in geological material. When dust from geological sources is a measurable component in atmospheric aerosols, there is a high degree of correlation between the two elements. A high degree of correlation was found between those two elements in particles collected at all monitoring sites along the Kilauea East Rift. Similarly, sulfur (as sulfate) and chlorine (as chloride) are key components in sea salt. At lower Rift sites where sea salt impact was greatest, there was a high degree of correlation between these two elements, particularly in the coarse fraction.

Particles originating from some sources are morphologically distinct and can be identified by microscopy. For example, photomicrographs of aerosol samples collected at the Royal Gardens Subdivision monitoring site (less than 50 meters from the coastline) clearly showed the predominant sea salt particles which were mostly 30 to 50 microns in diameter. Photomicrographs of aerosol samples collected at sites in areas of forest or agricultural activity frequently showed large vegetative bodies.

The impact of volcanism is episodic and overall annual means are not particularly illustrative in assessing the volcanic impact on air pollutant levels. During the nearly two and one half years of baseline monitoring, there were thirty phases of the current Kilauea eruption series and a rare eruption of Mauna Loa. By contrasting average values during periods of active volcanism and during periods of no volcanic activity, it was seen that volcanic activity did not significantly contribute to atmospheric particulate levels in the lower Rift area, but it did impact the upper Rift area. Particulate mass, particulate sulfate, and particulate selenium concentrations were most noticeably increased due to volcanic emissions.

Another and unexpected air quality impact of volcanic activity was measured during the first phase (January, 1983) of the current Kilauea eruption series. Apparently, the material emitted during this first phase was fractionated and was enriched in the more volatile chemical compounds;

• consequently, a dramatic atmospheric increase in transition and heavy metals contained in particles was noted during January, 1983. This phenomenon was seen during the OPED monitoring near the HVNP Visitors Center and by research scientists at the Mauna Loa Observatory. The high levels have not been observed during any subsequent eruption phases.

-7-

Sulfur Dioxide Gas

Sulfur dioxide {S02) gas was considered as a high priority pollutant for baseline monitoring since it occurs at relatively high concentrations in volcanic fume and would be produced at low levels in the atmosphere by the natural oxidation of hydrogen sulfide emitted from geothermal sources. It would also be produced directly by the geothermal industry at moderate levels if a H2S incineration abatement system were used. Sulfur dioxide is associated with many industrial activities {viz, fossil fuel combustion and ore smelting) and is one of the principal mainland polluants responsible for acid rain and the formation of fine particles which cause visibility loss.

During the majority of the time during the baseline studies, atmospheric concentrations of so2 were below several tenths of a part per billion by volume {ppbv) at locations upwind {under prevailing trade and drainage winds) of the major volcanic vents of Halemaumau and Pu'u 0. However, during periods of vigorous volcanic activity or during periods of unusual meteorological conditions, such as winds from the south, episodes of high concentrations, even exceeding the dynamic range of the instruments used, were recorded. Points downwind of the major volcanic vents do, of course, frequently have high atmospheric so2 concentrations.

Due to the short-term episodic nature of high so2 concentrations, the U.S. EPA annual average standard {30 ppbv) is not likely to be reached. The U.S. EPA twenty-four hour standard {140 ppbv), however, has been exceeded at upper rift sites. Similarly by comparing •ainland urban averages, it could also be seen that annual average values typical of industrialized areas are not likely to be reached in the upper rift area {except directly downwind and adjacent to Halemaumau or Pu'u 0), but maximum twenty-four hour values typical of urban areas can be exceeded due to active volcanism and/or unusual meteorological conditions.

Sulfur dioxide odor and taste thresholds are often exceeded near the •

Kilauea summit, as any traveler to the area knows. Plant damage due to so2, particularly to introduced species, does occur. During active volcanic periods and/or under poor atmospheric dispersion conditions, short-term health impacts can be expected in residential areas. Documented long-term chronic relationships are less clear, especially in light of the unusual exposure

-8-

pattern to which residents of the area are subjected, i.e., short periods of high concentrations followed by long periods of trace ambient levels.

Hydrogen Sulfide Gas

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas was considered as a high priority pollutant for baseline monitoring since it is the principal pollutant associated with geothermal power plants. It is also a minor component of volcanic fume and is produced naturally by anaerobic respiration. Its atmospheric half-life before it is oxidized to so2 is approximately five hours. While H2s is hazardous to human health and to the environment at high concentrations, at the low levels at which it is likely to be encountered due to geothermal development the major problem is nuisance odor. The human olfactory sensitivity to its •rotten-egg• odor is exceptional.

During the overwhelming majority of the time, the at~spheric concentration of H2S was below several tenths of a ppbv at the baseline study sites. Very infrequently, concentrations in the 10-30 ppbv range were reached. As with so2, these high values were episodic, short-lasting in nature, and due to volcanic fume impact. The episodes measured at the HVNP Visitors Center were possibly due to the site's proximity to the Sulfur Banks, where an early exploratory geothermal well was drilled. Occasionally, H2S concentrations in the several ppbv range may occur locally at middle and lower rift zone areas due to anaerobic respiration. Water-logged, organic-rich soils, such as occur in much of the Puna District, •ake ideal conditions for the production of H2S by anaerobic respiration. Such naturally produced H2S was measured at a monitoring site referred to as the Waikahekahe s',.e. The Waikahekahe .onftoring site was located on the large relatively recent pahoehoe flat that lies to the north of Pahoa. The flat is characterized by shallow soil, thick grass, and scattered, stunted ohia trees. After periods of heavy rain, the shallow soil becomes covered with water due to the poor drainage in the underlying pahoehoe lava.

Rafnwater Chemistry

The chemical composition of rainwater is an i~ortant parameter to examine on the Kilauea East Rift for three primary reasons: (1) rain •scrubs" the atmosphere of pollutants and by doing so becomes contaminated with them,

-9-

(2) acid gases and mists emitted by volcanoes will produce •acid rain,• the deleterious impact of which is a topical issue, and (3) many Rift residents use rainwater catchment as their source of drinking water. During the period from December, 1982, through March, 1985, over fifty rainwater samples were collected and analyzed.

Three major factors influence rainwater chemistry along the Rift: (1) all rainfall In Hawaii has a tendency to be slightly acidic due to the long range transport of pollutants from industrialized mainland areas, (2) volcanic emissions locally acidifies rain and impacts its chemical composition, and (3) sea salt aerosol makes rain less acidic due to its bicarbonate content and also impacts the chemical composition of the rain.

By contrasting the average chemical composition of rain collected at several sites, the impact of volcanic emissions and sea salt could be illustrated. A monitoring site near the Royal Gardens Subdivision was located less than fifty meters from the coastline and hence rain collected there was heavily impacted by sea salt. The major sea salt species (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, strontium, chloride, and sulfate) were relatively higher in the rain collected there than in rain collected at any other site. A monitoring site on the Chain of Craters road was downwind of Pu'u 0. The major chemical species associated with volcanic fume (fluoride, chloride, and sulfate) and volcanic tephra (aluminium, calcium, iron, manganese, potassium, and silicon) were apparent in the chemical composition of the rain collected there. In rain collected at sites which were at greater distance from the coastline and which were not heavily Impacted by volcanic emissions, the concentrations of the aforementioned chemical species were lower.

The impact of sea salt is elevation-dependent on the Island of Hawaii. Using the average sodium concentration In rainwater samples collected for the baseline studies and in samples collected and analyzed in a previous scientific study, the decrease in the Impact of sea salt with elevation could be graphically illustrated.

'

The impact due to volcanism is also elevation-dependent mainly because the major volcanic vents and fumaroles are above 2,000 feet. Using pH as an indicator of volcanic impact, the increase In volcanic impact at about that elevation could be seen.

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The pH of the Kilauea East Rift rainwater falls between literature values for polluted and unpolluted rain and the rainwater is more acidic than typical river water and the drinking water criteria acceptable range. The concentrations of the major chemical species in the Kilauea East Rift rainw~ter, however, are all much lower than literature values for unpolluted coastal rain and are also well below average river water values. River water is, of course, the source of drinking water for ~ch of the world's population. The concentrations of sulfate, of nitrate, and of race elements except cadmium, lead and selenium were demonstrated as being below drinking water criteria levels. Rainwater cadmium and lead values may be below the drinking water criteria levels, but the analytical technique used for their analysis in rainwater was not sensitive enough to document that fact. Selenium concentration, while measured in only five samples, was above the drinking water criteria value (0.01 ppm) in three of the samples (0.04-0.06 ppm). A possible secondary impact of the mild acidity characteristic of the Kilauea rainwater should be noted. Elevated concentrations of copper, lead, and zinc may appear in catchment drinking water if copper pipes, lead solder., or galvanized (zinc) pipes or roofing are used in the catchment system. This exposure risk would be greater in the upper portions of the Rift where the acidity of the rainwater is higher.

Mercury Vapor

The toxicity of mercury and the devastating health impact of acute and chronic industrial exposures have historically been very well documented. Numerous mercury vapor measurements have been made on the Kilauea East Rift. Reported total mercury vapor (eleaental, organometallic, and halide) values typically range from several ngtm3 to several hundred ng/m3• Temporal, spatial, and analytical differences are probably responsible for the range in values. Two opposing factors control mercury vapor on the Rift. The unpolluted atmosphere above the open ocean (i.e., the tradewinds) have a very low mercury content (less than 1 ngtm3). Volcanic fume, on the other hand, can contain hundreds to tens of thousands of ng/m3 of mercury. The degree

' of volcanic activity, the location of a given sampling site with respect to vents and/or geological features, and the meteorological conditions during sample collection can all alter the observed atmospheric mercury concentration. It should also be emphasized that the measurement of any pollutant to the nanogram per cubic meter range should be viewed cautiously,

-11-

and the values reported should be considered order of magnitude values at best. (One nanogram is 0.000000001 gram and there are 454 grams in a pound. Stated another way, 1 ng/m3 is approximately one part in a trillion by weight.)

In addition to total mercury vapor, elemental vapor and total particulate mercury measurements have been made. The average elemental mercury vapor values ranged from 4 to 30 ng/m3• The average particulate mercury vapor values were less than or equal to the average uncertainties associated with the measurement technique (several ng/m3). During the Phase I eruption of Kilauea (January, 1983), measurable particulate mercury concentrations were, however, observed (4 ng/m3 was the highest value).

By comparing the ambient mercury values with values characteristic of other locations, it could be seen that values measured on the East Rift, except for the summit of Kilauea, are more or less typical of continental sites and dramatically lower than occupational health standards. The values reported for the Kilauea summit are reasonable in comparison with the other volcanic values and are also lower than occupational health standards.

The concern over atmospheric mercury appears at times to be excessive and should be placed in its proper perspective by doing a simple calculation. Assuming a 200 ng/m3 atmospheric concentration, a normal human lifetime of seventy years, a normal human inhalation rate of 20m3/day and assuming that all mercury in the air which is inhaled is absorbed, the amount of mercury •collected" by an individual over a lifetime can be easily calculated as being 0.1 grams. It should also be emphasized that mercury is ubiquitous and that there are many other current pathways of exposure other than air. For example, virtually all individuals within the United States have dental fillings which are essentially a .. rcury-silver analgam, many medications contain mercury (e.g., mercurochrome), and unfortunately so do many foods.

Radon Activity •

Radon-222 is a radioactive gas naturally formed from the decay of radium contained in geological materials. Radon-222 has a 3.8 day half-life and decays via an energetic alpha particle. Two of its daughter products (Polonium-218 and Polonium-214) also have very short half-lives (3.0 minutes

-12-

~ d ) and 1.6 x 10 secon s, respectively and also deay by energetic alpha particles. Due to the radioactivity of Radon-222 and its daughter products, and the fact that Radon-222 is a gas which can be inhaled, high Radon-222 concentrations are injurious to human health. As with atmospheric mercury, two opposing factors control the atmospheric radon content on the Kilauea East Rift. High radon emission rates are associated with volcanic areas. Conversely, air above the open oceans, such as constitutes the trade winds, has a very low radon activity (approximately 0.01 pCi/1).

A total of fifty-seven passive radon monitors were located at eighteen different sites along the Rift during the two and one-half years of baseline monitoring. Two sites had significantly higher average radon activities than the others: the Napau Crater Site and the Kahauale'a Proposed Drill Site. During the OPED baseline study, the Napau Crater Site routinely had the highest quarterly radon activity among the six sites. Conversely, the high average calculated for the Kahauale'a Proposed Drill Site is due to a single very high value (3.43 pCi/1) obtained when a monitor was placed over a fresh, still-hot lava flow to replace a monitor that was destroyed several weeks earlier by the flow. The values obtained with monitors before the flow and the value obtained with a monitor installed after the high-level monitoring period, show that radon activities during those periods at the site were more or less typical of the Rift area as a whole. The high value obtained with the monitor above the fresh lava flow apparently was either due to the fresh lava emanating radon at a high rate or due to the emanation rate of the soil beneath the flow increasing as a result of being heated by the flow. The routine higher values obtained at the Napau Crater Site are understandable in light of the fact that the site fs directly on the Rift and that the monitoring period for the OPED baseline study was December, 1982, through December, 1983. The January 3, 1983, eruption was only several hundred meters uprift of the sampling site. During the sampling period, the eruption moved down the Rift past and fn line with the Napau Crater Site with some spattering occurring as close as 100 meters to ft. Consequently, the Napau monitors were exposed to vigorous volcanic degassing.

The lowest radon activity was measured at the Waikahekahe Site. This is consistent with the water saturated soil observed at the site. The emanation rate of radon from water saturated soil has been shown to be lower than that of drier soil since soil voids are filled with liquid rather than afr under

-13-

saturated conditions. Radon, a gas, diffuses faster through another gas than through a liquid.

The average radon activity levels ranged from 0.16 pCi/1 to 1.14 pCi/1 at the various monitoring locations on the Rift. If the Napau Site and the Drill Site are excluded, the range of values is from 0.16 pCi/1 to 0.52 pCi/1. The latter range is more representative than the former of the range of values to which the residents of the Rift area are exposed, since few people live for long periods directly over eruption sites or lava flows. The range in Radon-222 values along the Rift is more or less typical of mainland outdoor exposure values and is below standard levels. The Kilauea outdoor levels are also lower than values typical of many North American and European homes. The build-up of indoor radon will not occur in typical Hawaiian homes, as it does in continental homes, due to the single-wall construction and high air exchange rates characteristic of most homes in Hawaii. The high build-up of radon in continental homes is principally due to low air exchange rates caused by intentional weatherization to conserve energy.for heating and/or air conditioning, and due to simply keeping windows and doors closed during cold (or hot) weather. Most Hawaiian homes in the Puna and Ka'u Districts also have crawl spaces because of moisture and insect problems. Separation of homes from the soil by a crawl space was shown to markedly decrease the indoor radon activity in homes built in Florida above phosphate mining regions.

Other Air Pollutants

Three other air pollutants which merit discussion are: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOxl• and chlorine gas (Cl 2). Even though CO and NOx are often major air contaminants in many airsheds, they were not considered as high priority pollutants for study on the Kilauea East Rift. They are primarily associated with industrial combustion sources, not geothermal activities. Their current atmospheric concentrations above the East Rift are unquestionably very low, although some CO is present in volcanic f~, some is produced by automobiles, and some is produced by industrial activity in the Hilo area. Three CO grab samples were collected on the Rift in 1983. The sampling technique used was not very sensitive, and the data simply illustrates that the atmospheric CO concentrations were below u.s. EPA Standards. No nitrous oxide gas measurements were made during the baseline studies; however, nitrate (N03) and nitrite (N02) concentrations were

-14-

measured in selected particulate samples and in all rainwater samples. Nitrite was below the analytical detection limits in all particulate and rainwater samples. Nitrate, on the other hand, occurred at low, but measurable, concentrations in the particulate and rainwater samples.

Multi-day sampling was conducted for chlorine gas during the OPED and National Park Service baseline studies. Chlorine gas is not a pollutant normally studied in air quality programs; however, since Cl 2 gas can be used for hydrogen sulfide abatement in the geothermal industry and it is a very hazardous and environmentally damaging gas, baseline data for it was collected at six locations during 1983 and 1984. The concentrations measured on the Rift were very low and well below industrial exposure standards and biological impact levels.

Meteorology

Wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall patterns on the Kilauea East Rift were studied during the baseline programs. The obvious relationship between these parameters and atmospheric pollutant levels necessitates their inclusion into any discussion of air quality. Continous wind measurements have been made at fifteen locations in the Kilauea East Rift area for various time periods, and regular wind observations hve been made at another six relevant sites. Rain gages have long been maintained at a great number of locations on the Island of Hawaii by various organizations and individuals.

Wind direction and speed summaries were prepared illustrating average daily wind speed and directions made from continuous monitoring records and from single daily observations. The summaries based on single daily observations provide a somewhat biased picture of the average wind conditions as regular diurnal shifts have been found to occur.

The diurnal shifts in wind speed and direction are the result of the interactions of katabatic-anabatic flows (downslope-upslope mountain flows) • and the land-sea breeze phenomenon with the prevailing trades (as they are deflected by the local topography). Due to these interactions, average nighttime wind speeds are l;wer than average daytime speeds, and wind directions tend to shift toward the west at night from the typical north to northeast daytime trade conditions. When average wind directions were

-15-

examined for two hour increments, the diurnal shift was very apparent. The occurrence of winds from the north and northeast is at a maximum in the late afternoon and the occurrence of winds from the west and northwest is at a maximum in the early morning.

The environmental significance of the diurnal change in wind conditions is that there is not a single prevailing downwind point from any emission source, and moreover, the point of maximum impact for any given emission source {volcanic or anthropogenic) can be expected to shift 45° to 90° daily ostensibly everywhere in the Kilauea East Rift area. The lower nighttime wind speed coupled with the typical ground level nighttime temperature inversion caused by radiational cooling {a few degrees over several hundred feet), suggest that atmospheric dispersion will be poorer during the night.

It is clear from the summary data that prevailing winds on the Kilauea East Rift range from the west to the east over th~ •northern half" of the compass points depending on the exact location on the Rift. It, however, should not be forgotten that winds from the southerly direction do also occur a measurable fraction of the time. Unusual weather conditions, such as kona storms and tropical cyclones, can cause these southerly winds.

Rainfall levels impact air quality. The magnitude of the •scrub-out• effect, the suspension of dust, and the production of spores and pollen by plants are all directly or indirectly dependent on rainfall. Significant temporal and spatial rainfall variability both occur in the Rift area. As previously discussed, a drought occurred during portions of 1983, and rainfall levels during 1984 were below normal as well. Consequently, most pollutant levels measured during 1983 and 1984 were probably higher than levels that would be typical during wetter years if all else were equal. A high spatial variability in precipitation over short distances also occurs in the region due to orographic rainfall patterns. Average annual rainfall ranges from less than 19.7 inches to more than 196.9 inches in less than 35 kilometers.

'

•

Noise Monitoring Plan


(Explorution Phase)


Estate of James Campbell Property TI~K 1-2-10:3


January, 1989

Appendix C Letter to DLNR DATED:

Noise Monitoring Program

Applicable Regulatory Decisions & Policies

The Land Board's Decision and Order of April 11th, 1986 requires that: (1)

"The Noise Monitoring Plan shall include evaluation of predicted noise levels

(by simulating actual sound levels) for selected sites in the residential

areas near the proposed drilling and testing operations in the KMER/GRS prior

to initiating exploratory well drilling", (2) that "the number and location of

on-site and off-site monitor sites shall be subject to determination of DLNR",

and (3) that "mobile stations may be used."

The D&O further prescribes noise guidelines that are extracted from the County

of Hawaii noise guidelines which are applicable to this project "until such

time as noise regulations are adopted by the State or County." Finally, the

D&O states that the noise level monitoring and standards for project

operations shall be applied at receptors located within nearby residental

areas north, east and south of the project area, and that noise guidelines may

be administratively adjusted by DLNR based on information derived in the

initial phases of the project in order to address activities to be undertaken

subsequent to the initial phase.

The County of Hawaii Noise guidelines state that" ... as part of the overall

analysis of the impacts of geothermal activities in Puna, a noise monitoring

program will be implemented when the well drilling, testing, and production

commence. This program should coordinate noise complaints with noise

measurements, meteorological conditions and the type of operation which ' occurred at the well site. This data could then be used to determine if there

-1-

is justification to invoke more stringent noise mitigative procedures and/or

devices, to reduce or increase the allowable residential receptor noise level

guidelines."

The County guidelines also provide that the noise level measurements should

take place at the affected residential receptors that may be impacted by the

geothermal operation.

Nature and Characteristics of Noises Generated by Geothermal Project

Operations

The primary noises associated with the development and utilization of

geothermal resources are created by drilling of wells (power generators, air

compressors and escaping pressurized air, pumps and portable cranes) and power

plant operations (steam and fluid flow through pipelines including steam line

bleeding, and operation of the turbine/generator, cooling tower fans, pumps

and transformers). There is a considerable. body of knowledge and proven

technical procedures within industry as to (1) the noise levels (including

temporal) and the frequency spectra of sounds created by the use or operation

of various motors and equipments and (2) the materials and devices that can be

installed or used to reduce the noise levels emanating from those sources.

This knowledge on noise levels of operating equipment combined with the

general knowledge of the sound propagation conditions (weather/terrain) in the

project site area can be used to predict fairly accurately the levels of

project operations noises at various distances from the project site except in • those instances when meteorological phenomena can cause sound to focus

-2-

temporarily and intermittently at random distances and directions. The

approved Environmental Impact Statements for this project (Revised

Environmental Impact Statement for the Kahauale'a Geothermal Project - June,

1982, and the Final Supplemental EIS to the Revised EIS for Kahauale'a

Geothermal project - Feb, 1986) and the testimony at the various contested

hearings presented extensive and detailed information on the forecasting of

project noise levels at selected receptor distances under various generic

types of weather conditions. These forecasts indicated that the noise level

guidelines for the County of Hawaii could be attained during development

activities (except for well venting} at the nearest property boundaries with

appropriate sound attenuation methodologies and devices.

The noise levels of project operations that are measurable at a given receptor

site depend on the strength of each noise source operating in the project

site, the height of any source or sources operating above ground,the spatial

relationship among all sources operating, and the sound propagation loss (or

attenuation) that occurs along the sound transmission path between all project

noise sources and the receptor. The rate of attenuation is directly affected

by the distance, the weather and the characteristics of the terrain between

source and receptor.

The orientation and positioning of project equipment in relation to each other

(on and above the ground) will significantly affect project sound propagation

and the "signature" at the receptor of total project noises for a particular

operation at the drilling site. As an example, noise level measurements made

fn 1981 of geothermal drilling operations in Puna showed a distinct sound-

-3-

directivity pattern attributable to the combined additive effect of multiple

noise sources represented by individual operating equipment items within the

site. That is, noise, from the drilling site did not radiate equally in all

directions, but emanated substantially stronger in certain sectors due to the

relative locations and simultaneous operation of multiple noise sources. (See

Figure C-1). Therefore, short term measurements of an artificial or simulatea

sound source under the meteorological conditions that exist when the

measurements are made are not likely to represent the actual noises of project

equipment in their operating configurations and locations (with sound

attenuation equipment installed) within a cleared drilling site. It is also

improbable that the existing meteorological conditions during short term noise

simulation testing would constitute representative adverse meteorological

conditions for the project site.

Noise Monitoring During Drilling of Exploration Wells

The objective of noise monitoring is to determine whether noise levels

emanating from project operating systems have been attenuated sufficiently so

that the combined noise level of simultaneously operating equipment will meet

prescribed noise level standards at nearest residential receptors under the

widest possible range of meterological conditions. Therefore, monitoring must

occur when all project systems are operating simultaneously in their normal

mode with attenuation devices installed and when meterological conditions

would enhance sound propagation in the direction of the nearest residential

receptor.

-4-

•

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, 721!1, 7'fC.

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EST/1()/17£1/ 8S" el81f

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@.: ~f,:/8~ m611~tJ BUdKE. nri.-tr .@ #diSe.~dtl.li'&e,NtlrdPGJ?t9Tf:; • \:.1- ·t-l·-k or.m , . . ,: ,:zll,i:8C.. ~ Hoi.Se S()(I/?~.E-,~dPT.trRI9rt; ~.L · MO",ND

8M •8t7d8A,. 9(}C-"ft7,J5C RFr~R~ J --) /(~~ ( .ZD') = 3d"" rtlteRtJPN/q;- Et-6V.Ii'c t!.I-6"V.O,

FIGURE C-1

The initial prediction of noise levels of the drilling rig and associated

equipment at boundary receptors is based on the characteristic operating noise

level of each noise source at a distance of 100 feet and propagation calcula

tions at various distances from the drilling site under various adverse

meteorological conditions. These calculations provide the basis for determin

ing whether additional attenuation devices/procedures will have to be applied

to enable noise level standards to be maintained at the property boundary

under adverse meterological conditions. This will enable each piece of

equipment to nominally meet the county standard at the nearest receptor when

it arrives at the project site. Additional permanent noise mitigation systems

may be required in response to any unexpected pattern of unfavorable weather

conditions that may be manifested in the project area over an extended period

of time. In addition, total project noise levels emanating from a particular

project site could exceed the noise standard at the property boundary due to

unusual meterological short-term phenomena in which case temporary mitigation

devices or measures may have to be applied, including the reorientation of

operating equipment to adjust to the meterological condition.

The use of a noise simulation device to represent the noise level and

frequencies of the drilling rig and associated equipment during actual

operations and the monitoring of the simulated noise level at various

residential receptors would_ not serve any useful purpose since the data

obtained would not provide reliable, predictive information on which to apply

or modify equipment noise mitigation systems and devices. Moreover, this type

of test would not provide sound propagation data in the short term that is not

' now available or forcastable.

-5-

•

Industry technology on noise mitigation is well- established and

the effectiveness of that technology has been clearly demonstrated with the

drilling of the last geothermal exploration well by Thermal Power Company in

the lower east rift zone, where the nearest downwind residence was

approximately! mile from the drill site. There were no reported noise

complaints during the drilling of that well. Similar results can be achieved

during drilling in the Kilauea middle east rift zone, in the presence of high

density forest (which attenuates sound) and where the nearest prevailing

downwind residential property is at a distance of approximately 7 miles from

the drill site A1, and the nearest residence to dominant night time winds,

when they prevail, is 1.9 miles from the drill site.

The predicted noise levels at downwind receptors nearest the project site have

been calculated on the basis of sound propagation models assuming (1) a base

level of noise attenuation systems being applied to project equipments to

limit the noise to a specific level at 100 feet and (2) the prevalence of

various types of weather conditions that waul~ enhance the transmission of

sound. This data indicates that the noises associated with drilling

operations (except for venting of the well bore) will be within the Hawaii

County noise guidelines prescribed for the nearest residential receptor. See

Figures C-2, C-3 and C-4, and Table C-1.

Based on the plan to initiate exploration drilling at drill site A1, which is

approximately 10,000 ft., or 1.9 miles, from the nearest residences that could

be downwind of the drilling site under certain meteorological conditions, it

is proposed that sound monitoring for drilling the first well be conducted as

-6-

WIND DIRECTION

' \ ) \

I

-•

45 dBA NOISE LEVEL CONTOURS FOR DRILL. RIG 82 dBA ~00'. SCALE: 1 "=3,000' •. SOUND PROPAfATION CONDITION IN U·

I

FIGURE C-2

DARBY & ASSOCIATES, INC. Acoustical Consultants

1051 Keolu Driue. Suite 201 • Kailua, Hawaii 96734 (808) 261-3727

August 5, 1985

NOTES REGARDING NOISE FROM GEOTHERMAL OPERATIONS IN PUNA FOREST RESERVE

1. 82 dBA drill rig: Should be inaudible at Kalapana under

all conditions.

• Usually inaudible in National Park, except at nearest

drill site and sound focusing (Condition 1) with light easterly winds

for short time periods.

• Will always meet County Geothermal Guidelines if at least

4,000 feet from residence (Condition 2l*Jlf major topographic features r

shield the sources, then shorter distances will have acceptable sound

levels.

2. 72 dBA drill rig: Can be 1,500 feet from nearest

* residence and meet County Guidelines (all conditions).

• Always·,:.audible in National Park.

3. Rock muffler - 80 dBA at 100 feet. Contours fall between

82 dBA drill rig and 72 dBA drill rig.

* It is assumed that under focusing (Condition 1) that noise levels will

fluctuate such that acceptable levels are not exceeded 10% of the time in

a twenty-minute period. fiGURE C-3

• Geysers,

Califomia lloi se SOJrce l'\:asllt*l37ents

Dri 11 Rig ,,

/·W fuops

Air Coopresso,-s ,,

S tea11 l'e<1t i n.g [}Jrin.g Dri 11 ing

(a) minir.al > 77

(b) ~1/ water injEctor #l

(c) w/ water injKtor #Z ,,

Rock 1-Vfflers

3ED,O'Xl lbs/hr

l:l.l,CO) lbs/hr

Average

Free Venting

-

Po.·H Pl c.nt

Coolirg To.Rr

Turilir.e Bldg

Trc.nsfcna:·r

TYPJCAL dBA NOJSE LEVELS AT 100' FROM SOURCES

FOR DRJLLJNG & VENTJNC JN GtOTHERHAL OPERATJONS

L c.<e COJnty, CCC.~ Valley ElS Bam-ell Rig I'E.:sum:Ents California R <'\: (JlT;"E-f"de:J H~"a i i

RE>gul ct iws 1-!:asunrrents REgJ 1 c:t ions Gxd 1-vfflers Considerable SmeSilerx:ir.g koustic Treabre-ot

I , h /4 - 8) 75

79 '> 70

85 75 1/

% 75

> 82

1Cl3

97

77

9J

76 75

8) 8)

.

l2Z 121

-- ----

"} 71 75 TABLE C--1 72 I

True/Hid-Pacific Kahauale'a ElS

Table 5-2 Ppperdix F \ f (EPADcta) 1,

a r 1 r1y S t i Iii() f'l

}69 " }•rn [

E2

1Cl3

B3

73

I' ---~---

77 (-;)

. ---

112 i' •· I I ((

~- --

EIJ - 70 (J

described below pending the collection and analysis of site specific data an

meteorological and sound propagation conditions, and evaluation of the

effectiveness of noise attenuation systems and devices that have been applied

in this initial phase of operations. Noise monitoring for subsequent

exploration wells at other drill sites will be modified as may be required

based on the result of monitoring during the drilling of the first well.

The operator is responsible to assure that the equipments being used at the

drilling site when located in a normal pattern relative to other operating

systems, whether operating individually, or in combination, will not produce

noise levels that exceed the prescribed standards. The meteorological

conditions between source and receptor that exists at the time of any sound

propagation will cause a given noise source to reach the receptor at different

levels. For these reasons, it is considered that the county guidelines which

provide for the monitoring of project noise levels at the initiation of

drilling will enable the noise levels to be assessed in relation to the actual

operation occurring at the drilling site and the effectiveness of the noise

attenuation material/devices installed or designed into the various project

equipments. From these data, measured at selected times when meteorological

conditions would enhance sound propagation in the direction of the nearest

residence, a determination can be made as to whether additional sound

attenuation materials or devices need to be applied to one or more of the

operating systems in order to remain in compliance with the Hawaii County

noise guidelines.

After initial monitoring has demonstrated the general effectiveness of noise

mitigation systems applied to the equipment used in the exploration drilling,

-7-

selected noise monitoring will be conducted at each stage of development as

new sites are occupied, as additional equipment and operating systems or new

procedures are introduced into the project site and/or when an adverse

meteorological condition exists that could cause noise standards to be

exceeded. The purpose of the selected monitoring will be to continue to

validate the noise propagation forecasts,and the effectiveness of the noise

mitigation systems applied to the drill rig and associated equipment.

A meteorological monitoring station at the project site is essential to

accumulate data on the range of adverse weather conditions that will cause

sound to travel further or "focus" at random points. The residential areas

(receptors) nearest the project boundary with the potential to experience

noise levels in excess of the country guidelines are the two residences which

are not only closest to the initial project activity, but which are either in

a downwind location due to the nightly drainage winds or within an envelope in

which stagnant air conditions at the project site could cause focusing of

project sounds into these two receptor areas. These two areas are Kaohe

Homesteads and Upper Kaimu Homesteads, approximately l.g miles from drill site

Al. During normal tradewind conditions, the nearest downwind residential

property is at a distance in excess of 7 miles.

Permission has been obtained from a resident in Kaohe Homesteads (the nearest

residence to the first drilling site) to measure sound levels in their yard

during evening hours on the day drilling begins and whenever project site

weather conditions would indicate that sound propagation from the project site

tould be enhanced in the direction of their home. (Similar permission for

-8-

noise monitoring in Upper Kaimu Homestead was not granted, therefore, another

downwind residence near the project boundary has been selected to conduct the

same monitoring approach as for Kaohe Homesteads). Project management will

maintain continuing communications with these residents in order to

demonstrate (1) the effectiveness of project noise mitigation measures under

an expanding range of adverse meteorological conditions, or (2) the need to

modify those mitigation measures.

As long as exploration drilling remains in the Northeastern portion of the

subzone, it is believed that these two residential sound receptor locations

will provide an accurate indication of the maximum, audible project noise

sound levels that could be propagated into any surrounding community.

However, noise level measurements of the drilling rig and associated equipment

in operation at the initial drilling site will be made to determine whether

there are basic directional characteristics in the sound propagation pattern.

This knowledge will then be used when drilling at other drilling sites, if

required, by orienting the equipment layout at the drilling sites so as to

minimize sound propagation in the direction of the nearest residential

receptors from the new drill site.

Detailed records will be maintained to provide the necessary data on which to

modify the monitoring program. Records will indicate all reports of

complaints about project noise, the name of the person(s) making the

complaint, the project activity occurring at the time reported in the

complaint, the meteorological conditions prevalent at the time of complaint

and the action taken including, as may be required, sound monitoring at the

complainant's residence by project personnel.

-~

A project phone number and address will be furnished to community associations

of the communities adjacent to the project boundary prior to initiating

project operations. As authorized in the D & D, a mobile sound monitoring

capability will be used. This will enable the operator to monitor noise levels

at any of the nearby residences when requested or when a noise complaint is

received.

Alternate monitoring sites will be selected as may be necessary when new

project sites are occupied or if noise complaints are received from any

.resident near the project.

-10-

•

/\rch<leolnaical Reconnaisance Survey l<r!port

Geothermal llPvclopment Activities

(Exploration Phase)

Kilauea Middle East Hift Zone

Estate of James Campbell Property TMK 1-Z-10:3

True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Vt:nture

Junuary, 1999

Appendix IJ Letter to DLNH DATED: __ _

'

Attached is the report of our archaeological reconnaissance survey

conducted within the conservation district along the access road

alignment and the first drill site. The road alignment and drill

site were surveyed and staked in order to identify the area to be

surveyed which varied from two to five times the dimensions of the

area to be disturbed as directed in the Decision and Order.

As indicated in the survey report, there were no findings of

archaeological significance along the access road and first drill

site.

Archaeological reconnaissance surveys will also be conducted in all

other project sites to be used as those sites are selected. A

research design plan will be submitted for approval if an

archaeological find worthy of preservation or removal is discovered.

Appendix D L tr to DLNR dtd. __ _

' '

\

'

AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSArlCE SURVEY

IN THE GEOTHERt1AL RESOURCE SUBZONE

OF UPPER KAir1U AtiD 1·1Af~ErlA, PUNA, HAWAII

by

WILLIAr~ J • BONK

UNIVERSITY OF HA\IAII AT HILO

prepared for

MID-PACIFIC GEOTHERMAL, INC.

Hilo, lfawa11 February, 1988

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INTRODUCTION

In early October of 1907 the writer of this report received a telephone call from Mr. Rod Moss representing Mid-Pacific Geothennal, Inc. During the course of this conversation a request was made of me to conduct an archaeological reconnaissance survey on the property of the Estate of James Campbell in the Puna District, on the island of Hawaii. Specifically, the area to be investigated follows a proposed road alignment starting one-half of a mile outside of the geothermal resource sub-zone and culminating at the proposed drill site designated as Al (See Map 1.)

After receiving pertinent information on location, permission to enter the. land, as well as to cross other land, I received a "goahead" on October 20, 1987. Furthermore, I 1~as asked to contact t1r. Nobu Santo at the offices of Island Survey Incorporated in Hilo where I \~auld be able to aquire a copy of the survey map as well as information on access to the recently cleared survey line along the proposed road to the well site.

t~r. Santo was exceptionally helpful, even offering to accompany me through the neighboring lands to the survey start point on the boundary of Conservation District land. In early November we followed through 1~ith this plan. After arrival at his ·recently cut survey line through the forest Mr. Santo returned to Hila and I proceeded to carry out the field reconnaissance portion of this investigation. The following pages of this report provides the results of this research.

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AREA

The area surveyed and reported on in this report is in the Puna District, on the island of Hawaii. It is on property of the Estate of James Campbell, Tax f1ap Key: 1-2-10:3. Here. a pl~nned access road of about 1,6 miles is planned to link the present Kaohe ho~estead road with a proposed r;eothermal drill site (See l·lap 1.) 'rhe road corridor with an addition of a buffer on each side (north and south) ranging between two to five times larger than the road corridor, was examined in the field, In addition, an area of approxi~ately two acres surroundins the proposed drill site (Al) was added to the survey.

The archaeological reconnaissance started at the Conservation District boundar~' southeast of Kaohe i!o1Jesteads and extended into the Geotherr.1al nesource ~ub-zone alan~ the northeast rift zone of Kilauea Volcano. It rna~ be further be identified as being in the ahupua'a of Kaimu and f·~akena,

The area is extremely rue;c;ed, with several deep cracks, crevices, vent lines and deep tree molds alone and adjacent to the proposed road corridor. Other than alone; the line cut through the forest by the ensineer's survey crew that preceeded us to the area, the re~ion exarained is heavily covered with upland vesitation. •o;,i 'a and ferns were encountered throughout the area checked. Ilapu 'u ~ras especially numerous, and these toe;ether •."lith the 'ohi'a form the upper canopy of the forest. In most cases this reaches 30 to 65 feet in heisht and effectively restricts a sood deal of the sunlight to the understory of the forest. Here other ferns such as u~ulte, and vines such as 'ie'ie, form a tangle underfoot. In addition e;uava (Psidium guajava), grasses and wild orchids make their appearance where sunlight filters through the vegetation canopy. 7hroughout the period in the field, the area 1~as especially difficult to examine, for once off the survey centerline already cleared by the enGineerins crew visual inspection was limited to perhaps ten to twenty-five feet,

The study area shows an elevation ranging from a low of 1340 feet above sea level at the eastern start-

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inG point of the survey to a hiGh of about 1530 feet at the drill site on the west (Cee Nap 2.) Rajnfall is fairly high an~ althouch there is no record for the immediate vicinity of the area of our concern I would c~pect sol"ilethin[:'; in the order of bet~1een 150 to 200 inches a year. Throu[:';hout I"ilOSt of the first ~ay in the field rain fell almost constantly and at times very heavil~. Low lying pockets of soil overlaying pa~oehoe produces sr.1all I"iluddy ponds of undert ermined depth. In sor.~e cases I had to trample through these basins never really Jmo'Hinc; how deep they mit;ht be. Fortunately I did not sink much more than a foot into the muck and cold water, Slsewhere insecure footing forced me on a number of occasions to slide to the bottom of an incline. Work under tl1ese conditions was anything but safe and secure.

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Map 2 · (Study area delineated)

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METHODOLOGY AND FinDINGS

Basic field data for this report was obtained through a procedure or technique known as a reconnaissance survey. This is quite often the initial or preliminary archaeological examination. It nor~ally includes visual observation and recording while walkins over the area to be investigated. It includes note-takinG, photoGraphs where applicable, may add other illustrative methods of recordinG data, and al11ays includes reco~endations as to archaeological sic;nificance of the area so that it can be deterr.lined if further archaeological work is necessary.

In this instance I alone carried out the survey on the first day in the field although as previously mentioned I was accompanied by !!r. Hobu Santo. However, once at tl'e bec;innine; of the proposed road allic;nr..cnt he left me in order to return to Hila while I proceeded to examine the road corridor, the buffer zone, the drill site, and the area surroundinG the drill site. A total of ten hours were expended on that first day in the field. After working on the report I found I may not have covered the required width for the buffer zotle to the north and south of the road corridor and I therefore returned a second day with my son Ken in order to insure the required coverace of an area ''two to five times larcer than the actual access road corridor.'' As a result, a total of 26 man hours, over a two-day period, was expended in field work.

As stated in the Land Board's decision of April 11, 1986, which set the requirements for the investiGation, I conducted an archaeological reconnaissance survey for the access road to Drill Site Al, the drill site itself, and a buffer zone on each side of the road corridor and around the drill site (See ~aps.) 7hroughout the field exacination I found nothinG to indicate past use of tl:e study area. In other words I did not find the presence of any human activity remains within tl1e area that I investigated. In addition to the 1.6 mile transect alan: the proposed road corridor we followed a second transect approximately 30 to 40 feet north of the centerline a11d roughly parallel to it, and a third parallel transect

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about equal distance south of the centerline. This c;ave us coverace of a corridor strip of 100 feet or 8ore in width. Likewise, we investi~ated a similar buffer in the vicinity of the drill site. Here we r.lUst have examined close to three acres of land surroundin5 the mid-point of the drill site.

Previous archaeological fieldwork conducted by Paul H. Rosendahl, Ph.D., Inc. within the Geothermal Resource Subzone includes five transects north, southeast, and east of the area reported on in this report (!Ic.un, ct al, 1985.) In only one of these areas exarained, that of transect five, did field crews cone across probable archaeolosical recains. This included five to six cai~na and nounds on the southeast summit of I!eiheiahulu, :Jor.~c 1.1 miles south of the nearest area covered in our field:·ror!.:.

In nearby Kahauale'a a reconnaissance survey was conducted b~' Hor.m10n (1982) l'lithout findinc anythinG or archaeoloeical significance. !!ere too ~osendahl (1935) undertoe!.: a rJore recent field exar.lination and ac;ain found nothinc of cultural value. Additionally, an addcndwn by Rosendahl to the previously mentioned report by l!aun and others (193~) reports on the use of a hel~copter to na~e a low altitude aerial ~econnai:Jsancc ot' the proposed developnent area. I!e landed and added a sixth transect to llaun 1 s vrork. This transect is aL1out three and a half niles west of our study area. On this trip Rosendahl also landed to ex~Jine an area adjacent to !faun's transect five at Heiheiahulu pu'u.

\·ihen '''e examine other than archaeolocical data :·re find nothing of a specific reference to the study area. llolnes (1982) mentions the U.S. :!:xplorin.s; Expedition of 1840 following a trail south of and parallelinG the east rift zone from near Kalalua crater to Kapoho. lie also mentions that the forest zone of Kahauale'a was exploited for its birds and for wood satherinc. In addition, ~re read that the uplands or Kupahua, l:apa3.hu, Kaicu, ~akena and Kalapana were extensively ~lanted in abori~inal tines (Handy and Handy, 1972.)

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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AllD RECOf.Jr.1ENDATIOtl

No archaeological sites, features or data supporting human activity within the study area was foun~ durin~ our investigation. l!onetheless, I caution those that ui~ht be tempted, therefore, to transfer an expectation or belief that other areas within the larser Geothermal P.esource Subzone are also free of cultural remains. From an examination of the limited literature I ~rould expect to find somethine;, hot·rever confined the data. The likely location for cultural naterial canine to liGht is along or near the southern border and land: ir.mediately to the south. Already found llere are the onl0r probable sites recorded to n0\'1. ':'hese are the fet: cairns and r.<ounds near the su;;u;;i t of l!eiheiahulu, D2. t ~' of a non-archaeological nature also su3cests the poss:bility of at least some use of the southern portion o~ the proposed development area and if this be true th~n the recion between Pu'u ~auka and Heiheiahulu and the upper Kaimu Homesteads is perhaps the more likely location for cultural remains,

Finally, and in conclusion, let me reiterate ~~ previous statement that no archaeolo5ical material was found during our survey Of the area delineated in this report. Based on this, as well as my investi~ation of the limited literature, I find no archaeolocical si:nificance for the area investisated and I therefore reco;;-.r.~end no further vrork be required for that area,

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Handy, E.S. Craighill, and Elizabeth G. Handy

1972 Native Planters in Old IIa1·1aii. D.P. L'it;hop r~uce't'1 Bulletin 233, Honolulu: llisllop r·luseum Pre:Js,

Haun, Alan E., and Paul 11. Rosendahl with James Landru~ III

1985

ilolr.1es,

1982

Limited Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey Proposed Geotherraal Develoor.1ent Area: L'ao l:ele· ~ Puna Natural Area Reserve, Puna District, I3l•~d of Hawaii, Report prepared for True/llid-Pacif~c Geothermal Venture.

Tomr.1y

A Prelirainary Reoort on the ::;:arly ilistor;• ant: Archaeology of Kahauale 1a, Puna, Hawa~~. Repo~t prepared for The Estate of Ja~es Campbell,

llor.ur.on, F.obert J.

1982 An Archaeolo6ical Reconnaissance Survey !n Uryland Kahauale'a, Puna, Hawaii. !leport prepared by Science ManaGement Inc. for The Estate of James Campbell.

Rosendahl, Paul H. 1935 Letter Report: Archaeological 7ield Inspection,

Bio?ower Project Area, Kapaahu, Kaunaloa, liult:n?cnai, Kupahua, and Kalapana, Puna District, Island cf l!awa11 (Tr-!JC:3-l-2-08:1), PHRI Report 168-070225. Prepared for The Estate of James Campbell.

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a1zupua 1 a

hapu'u

'ie 'ie

'~l!i'a

pahoehoe

pu'u

uZ.uhe

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GLOSSARY OF HAHAIIAN WORDS

A land division usually extending from the u~lands to the sea. ~o called because the boundary was marked by a heep (ah!t) of stones.

An endemic tree fern (Cibot:!.ur.; Sp,) comJ:\On in many forests of Hawaii.

An endemic woody, branchinG cli~ber (Freycinetia arboreal growinG luxuriantly in forests at altitudes of about 1500 feet.

A tree (:Jetrosideros macropus, )'. collino.).

Smooth, unbroken.type of lava. As contrasted with 'a'a.

Any kind of a protuberance. A hill, peak, mound, bulge, heap, knob, etc.

All Hawaiian species of false sta~horn fern (Dicranonteris linearis).

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Giological Survey Report


(Exploration Phase)

Kilaued r1iddle East Rift Zone

Estdte of James Campbell Property Tr~K 1-2-10:3

True/Mi d-Paci fi c Geotherrna l Venture

Jdnuary, 1989

Appendix E Letter to DLNR DATED: __ _

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Attached is a report of a biological survey of the land areas to be

impacted by clearing and grading for an access road and drilling

site within the geothermal project site. The area surveyed was two

to five times larger than the dimensions of the areas to be cleared

for project activities. As indicated in the report, no endangered

species were sighted along the access road and around the first

drilling site. However, based on the survey's sighting of two

trees being considered for listing by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife

Service as endangered species (Bobea timonioides and Tetraplasandra)

along or adjacent to the access road, the road will be deviated east

of survey stakes #48 and #58 (Figure 1-A) to avoid these trees. In

addition, the drill site, Al, will be relocated east of the

originally designated site by 300 feet to avoid clearing an area of

'Ohi'a a-(2) forest which contains a resident population of a native

bird (not endangered), the Hawai'i 'elepaio.

Biological surveys will also be conducted in all other project sites

to be used as those sites are selected. These surveyed areas

establish a baseline of biological data for monitoring future

impacts that are the result of project activity. While numerous

exotic plants are evident along the access route and around the

first drill site periodic biological monitoring surveys will be

conducted in these areas with particular emphasis along roads and

clearings to assess the introduction or spread of existing exotic

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plants in and adjacent to the cleared areas and to provide the basis

for detennining the need for control measures to limit further

spread of such plants. The results of the periodic follow-up

surveys and proposed methods for control of exotic plants adjacent

to areas cleared for project operations will be submitted to DLNR

for review and approval.

During the continuation and expansion of project activities, any

areas encountered that are detennined to be appropriate for

designation as botanical sanctuaries will be reported to the land

owner as a basis for discussion with DLNR.

Water Analysis.

The D & 0 also required that water samples be collected for analysis

prior to initiating drilling of the first well in each development

area, and after completion of well testing. A licenced water

quality testing laboratory will collect samples of water from

laboratory catchment containers for analysis in the nearest

residential area which is in a prevailing downwind direction from

the drilling site. Results will be submitted to DLNR, the Health

Department, and the County of Hawaii •

APPENDIX E L tr. to DLNR dtd~---

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BIOLOGICAL SURVEY

OF THE

PROPOSED ACCESS ROAD

AND

WELL SITE 1

BLNR DESIGNATED GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE SUBZONE

MIDDLE EAST RIFT ZONE OF KILAUEA

PUNA DISTRICT, ISLAND OF HAWAI'I

Nov•mb•r 14, 1987

by

Charl•• H; Lamour•ux

Winona P. Char

Paul Higaahino

Mail• s. Kjargaard

PREPARED FOR:

TRUE/MID PACIFI"C GEOTHERMAL VENTURE

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INTRODUCTION

The road

made throughout thi• report to "•take # __ •, the •urveyor'• •take•

placed at irregular interval• along the ace••• road. Their

location• are indicated on FIG. 1.

METHODOLOGY

The •tudy covered the area• between •take # 48 <ju•t

out•ide, or ea•t o~, the con•ervation di•trict boundary> and

•take # 67 <at well •ite 1l. The ornithologi•t proceeded in

advance o~ the botani•t•, to avoid undue di•turbance to bird•,

and at each •take •he conducted a •tandard 8-•inute cen•u• o~ all

bird• •••n or heard.

The botani•t• •urveyed an area o~ 7~ to 100 ~••t in width

with it• center line along the center line o~ the road alignment.

In three place• where th• propo••d road align•ent deviated to the

•outh o~ the •urveyor'• line to avoid geological hazard•,

<between •take• 48 and ~0, with a deviation o~ ~0 ~••t at •take

491 between •take• ~~ and ~7, with a deviation o~ ~0 ~••t at

•take ~61 betw••n •tak•• ~8 and 60, with a deviation o~ 1~0 ~••t

at •take ~9l, the c•nter line o~ th• •urvey ar•a ~ollow•d the

propo••d road align••nt rath•r than th• •urv•yor'• lin•. At w•ll

•ite 1 an ar•a o~ about ~00 ~••t •quare wa• •urvey•d, c•nt•r•d on

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A~~ va•cu~ar p~ant •p•ci••

•ncount•r•d w•r• r•cord•d, and not•• mad• o~ th•ir abundanc•.

Ob••rvation• o~ v•g•tation •tructur• w•r• mad•, inc~uding

in~oraation on •iz• and condition o~ dominant tr•• •P•ci•••

RESULTS

1. FLORA

TABLE I.

which th• S•rvic• had •u~~ici•nt in~ormation to •upport th•

bio~ogica~ appropriat•n••• o~ ~i•ting, but ~or which data •ti~~

n••d•d to b• co~~•ct•d conc•rning th• •nvirona•nta~ and •conoaic

impact• o~ ~i•ting and d••ignation o~ Critica~ Habitat. It ha• '

b••n ~ound in many p~ac•• in th• Puna Di•trict in r•c•nt Y•ara.

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a Cat•gory 2 •p•ci••• ~or which th• S•rvic• had in~ormation to

•upport th• probabl• appropriat•n••• o~ li•ting a• •ndang•r•d or

thr•at•n•d, but ~or which •u~~ici•nt in~or•ation wa• not y•t

availabl• to biologically •upport a propo••d rul•. It i• not

curr•ntly con•id•r•d a high priority it•• ~or li•ting •inc• it•

rang• ha• b••n •hewn to b• aor• •xt•n•iv• than pr•viou•ly

b•li•v•d.

2. VEGETATION

Th• v•g•tation o~ th• Puna G•oth•rmal Ar•a had pr•viou•ly

b••n d••crib•d and aapp•d <Char and Lamour•ux, 198~a, 198~bl

Ko•t o~ th• road and th• w•ll •it• ar• in ~or••t

d••crib•d in •arli•r r•port• a• W•t 'ohi'a ~or••t with nativ•

•p•ci•• and •xotic •hrub•, and d•li•it•d on th• v•g•tation •ap•

in Char and Laaour•ux, <198~al a• •ohia-a<2>•. Thi• ~or••t i•

do•inat•d by 'ohi'a-l•hua Cthr .. vari•ti•• o~ K•tro•id•ro•

collinal, which ~ora• th• canopy lay•r. Tr••• ar• •atur•,

ranging ~rca 20 to 60 ~ .. t in h•ight. In •o•• plac•• th• canopy

i• clo••d <>60X cov•rl with .a•t or all tr••• h•althy, in oth•r

plac•• aor• op•n and aany o~ th• tr••• ar• d•ad. In oth•r word•

th•r• •r• patch•• o~ 'ohi'a di•back in th• ~or••t. Th• •or•

coaaon •ubcanopy tr••• includ• both nativ• •p•ci••• <kopiko -

P•ychotria hawaii•n•i•, kawa'u - ~ ano•ala, and ha••

- Antid•••a platyphyllual, and introduc•d •p•ci••• <guava -•

P•idiua guajava and •trawb•rry guava - P•idiull

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cattl•ianu-?. Tr•• ~•rna <hapu'u - Cibotium glaucum and

hapu'u 'i'i - Cibotium chamiaaoil ar• common. Th• dominant

ahrub throughout th• ar•a ia th• introduc•d w••dy Malabar

••laatoa• <M•laatoma malabathricuml, but aoa• nativ• ahruba

ar• r•lativ•ly comaon, including kanawao <Brouaaaiaia

argutal, mamaki <Pipturua hawaii•naial, 'oh•lo

<Vaccinium calycinual, Cl•rmontia parvi~lora, and

Cyrtandra paludoaa, along with th• introduc•d thiabl•b•rry

tr•••• tr•• ~•rna, and ahruba aupport d•n•• ma•••• o~ •piphyt•••

including aany ~•rna <li•t•d in Tabl• Il, ao•••• and liv•rworta.

In mer• op•n plac•• th•r• ar• •xt•naiv• patch•• o~ uluh• ~•rna

<Dicranopt•ria ••arginata and D. lin•arial 3 to 8 ~••t d••P·

B•tw••n atak•• 64 and 66 ia an ar•a whar• th• 'ohi'a

tr .. a ar• v•ry wid•ly acatt•r•d and th• uluh• ~•rn ia

particularly d•n••·

woodland with uluh•. and d•aignat•d aa "ohia - uluh•" on

v•g•tation aapa in our •arli•r r•port <Char and Lamour•ux, 198~al.

At w•ll ait• on• th• 'ohi'a ~or••t vaa coapoa•d o~ ~airly

amall tr•••• 2S ta 30 ~••t tall, with an ap•n canopy. Th•r• va•

a d•n•• und•r•tory a~ Malabar ••la•to•• <about 60X cov•r>. Thia

ar•a aay hav• b••n u••d by huaana in th• paat, ainc• th• only

kukui tr•• <Al•urit•• aaluccanal and 'avapuhi ging•r

<Zingib•r z•rumb•tl •• ~ound w•r• at thi• ait•.

• W• not•d •ign• o~ ~•ral pig activity throughout th• ar•a,

In plac••

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where pig• have rooted, and in •mall open wet ar••• wh•r• th•y

hav• wallow•d, ar• a numb•r o~ introduc•d w••d• which ar• u•ually

not ~ound in undi•turbed ~or••t. Th••• includ• a ~•rn

<Athyriop•i• japonica>, broo•••dg• <Andropogon

virginicu•>, Cali~orniagr••• <Brachiaria mutica>, Hilogr•••

<P••palum gpniuqatum), a aedg• <Cyperu• hawpan),

<Hyp•ricum autilum>, drymaria <Drymaria cordata>, and

~ir•w••d <Er•chtit•• val•riana•~olia). A ~•w aaall taro

plant• <Coloca•i• ••cul•nta> wer• ~ound in •o•• old wallow•.

3. AVIFAUNA

See ••parate r•port by Kjargaard attach•d •• APPENDIX I.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

1. Bob•• timonioide•s Two tr••• o~ thi• Cat•gory 1

plant w•r• •ncount•r•d. One wa• ju•t at the con••rvation

di•trict boundary, and about ~ ~••t north o~ th• •urv•yor'•

At thi• point the road i• planned to veer •outhward, and

i~ the curv• to the •outh begin• perhap• ~0 ~••t out•ide th•

con•ervation di•trict lin•, in•t•ad o~ right on the line, thi•

tr•• can be avoid•d. The ••cond tr•• i• about ~0 ~eet •••t o~

•take ~a and about ~ ~••t north o~ the •urveyor'• line. The road

i• planned to veer •outh •tarting at •take ~a. I~ the curve to

the •outh w•r• to begin perhap• 100 ~••t •••t o~ •take ~a thi• '

tr•• can be avoided.

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o~ thi• Category 2 •p•ci•• wer• ~ound. A~~ but on• wa• more than

20 ~••t ~rom th• c•nt•r~in• of th• propo••d road •hou~d not b•

damag•d by road con•truction. Th• on• •xc•ption i• c~o•• to th•

~ir•t Bob•• tr••• right at th• con••rvation di•trict

boundary, but about 10 f••t •outh of th• •urv•yor'• ~in•. At

thi• point th• road i• •uppo••d to v••r •outhward. If, a•

•ugg••t•d in th• paragraph abov•, th• •outhward curv• w•r• to

b•gin ··~ight~y out•id• th• con••rvation di•trict , in•t•ad of

ju•t at th• boundary, thi• tr•• cou~d b• avoid•d too.

3. Ad•nophoru• p•ri•n•: A •p•cial ••arch wa• aad• for

thi• Cat•gory 1 plant. W• did not find any. Thi• ar•a i• b•~ow

th• •l•vation th• •l•vation wh•r• thi• f•rn i• known to occur in

Puna. Al•o, mo•t of th• 'ohi'a tr••• in th• ar•a ar•

charact•riz•d by having bark that p••l• off in larg• •trip•.

Sine• th••• tr••• •h•d th•ir bark r•gularly, th•y do not d•v•lop

th• d•n•• coating of ao•••• and ~iv•rwort• on th•ir bark which

form• th• •ub•trat• on which A. p•ri•n• grow•.

4. But•o •olitariu•: Th• Hawaiian hawk, or 'I'o, wa• not

•ncount•r•d during our •urv•y, a~though it undoubt•d~y occur• in

th• ar•a. Th• propo••d con•truction wou~d b• un~ik•~Y to hav•

•ignificant adv•r .. •ff•ct• on th• hawk population, un~••• n••t•

w•r• to b• d••troy•d. W• did not find any n••t• along th•

propo••d road or at th• w•ll •ite •

•

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1. No li•t•d •ndang•r•d •p•ci•• w•r• •ncount•r•d during our

•urv•y, but thr•• tr••• w•r• ~ound which could b• daaag•d by road

con•truction.

plann•d •outhward d•viation o~ th• road ~roa th• •urv•yor'• lin•

•hould b•gin a ~.w ~••t •a•t o~ th• plac•• indicat•d on th•

•urv•yor'• plan, thu• avoiding th••• tr•••·

2. Th• ar•a now contain• a larg• population o~ introduc•d

woody •hrub• and tr•••• particularly Malabar ••la•to•••

•trawb•rry guava, and guava. It i• unlik•ly that con•truction

activiti•• will hav• auch -~~•ct on th•ir abundanc• or

di•tribution. How•v•r, th•r• ar• ••v•ral oth•r w••d• that could

incr•a•• in nuab•r• and b•co•• aor• wid•ly di•tribut•d a• a

con••qu•nc• o~ op•ning up th• ~or••t a• con•truction occur•.

Th••• ar• th• •p•ci•• curr•ntly a••ociat•d with pig-di•turb•d

ar•a•, •uch a• broo•••dg•, Cali~orniagra••• Hilogra•••

Cyp•ru• ha•pan, and ~ir•w••d. Oth•r w••d•, not now in th•

ar•a, could al•o •nt•r· To avoid thi• w• r•co•••nd that:

a. read can•tructian ••thad• •hauld b• plann•d to

involv• a• littl• di•turbanc• a• po••ibl• b•yond th• •dg• o~ th•

road. Thi• aight includ• u•ing •oil and rock• ~roa high point•

to ~ill in law •pat• rath•r than bulldozing th•• into ridg•• at

th• •id•• o~ th• road.

b. th• ••11 •it• and road aargin• b• aanitar•d ~or w••d•,

add that apprapriat• w••d control ••thad• b• u••d on all cl•ar•d

- 8 -

ar•••· <Appropriata mathod• might includa both machanical

or Roundup>.

margin• and opan road•ida• ara prima •ita• ~or waad colonization.

and •uch aitaa ara opan to ~ull •unlight.

Thu• ••

During con•truction i~ ~r••• ara aimply bulldozad ••ida and, with

othar vagatation, rock•, and •oil ara pilad up into windrowa,

con•truction proc••• many 'ohi'a tr••• will ba cut.

worth ••lling and trucking tha log• off tha •ita, which would

that you look into tha faa•ibility o~ thi•.

4. A lot o~ good quality traa ~arn <hapu'u and hapu'u-'i'i)

will al•o hava to b• r••ov•d during con•truction.

•hould b• markatabla to orchid growar• or nur••ri••• and •hould

th• top foot or two of aach ~arn •t••• containing tha apical bud,

Thi• would •••t

"ora i•portantly, it would provida a quick •ourca o~

- 9 -

••• i~ there are nearby ar•a• where clearing the aite would have

di~~•rent environmental impacta,

an area o~ 'ohi'a a-<2l ~oreat, but juat to the eaat ia a

more open 'ohi'a - uluhe woodland. Selecting a well ait• in

the woodland would involve cutting fever tr••• than in the

~oreat. However, the ~oreat at the deaignated ait• ia

botanically degraded, with a very den•• underatory o~ Kalabar

The uluhe ~ern in the woodland ia a native Hawaiian

apeciea, which reaulta in the percentage o~ cover o~ native

apeciea being higher in the woodland than in thia particular

patch o~ ~oreat. No rare ape~i•• were ~ound in either aite.

Thua, ~rom a botanical atandpoint the currently d•aignat•d v•ll

aite ••••• appropriat•. On the other hand, there ia a r•aid•nt

population o~ a native bird, the Havai'i 'elepaio in the ~oreat

aite but not in the woodland. While birda are able to mov• to

avoid conatruction activitiea, the '•l•paio tend• to b•

t•rritorial in ita habit• and aay not aove aa eaaily a• ao••

other apeci••· It vaa rare along the propoaed roadway, and the

largeat population encountered vaa at th• well aite. The

'elepaio ia not liated aa an •ndangered apeciea. Taking all thia

into account, there ia no coapelling environaental reaaon to

ahi~t the v•ll aite a ~•v hundred ~•et •aatvard, but you may want

to conaider thia option i~ the geology o~ the ait• ia aa '

~avorabl• aa that at the currently deaignat•d ait•.

- 10 -

LITERATURE CITED

CHAR, W. P. and C. H. LAMOUREUX.

Biotic A•••••••nt, Puna Di•trict, County o~ Hawai'i. Pr•pared

~or Hawaii Stat• D•parta•nt o~ Planning and Economic

D•v•lopm•nt. April 198~. 126 pp. plu• app•ndic••·

CHAR, W. P. and C. H. LAMOUREUX. 198~b. Botanical Surv•y o~ th•

Pot•ntial G•oth•r•al Ar•a• in State-Own•d Land in th• Middl•

Ea•t Ri~t Zon• o~ Kilau•a, Puna Di•trict, I•land o~ Hawai'i.

Pr•par•d ~or Tru•IMid Paci~ic G•oth•r•al V•ntur•. 41 pp.

U. S. FISH AHD WILDLIFE SERVICE. 1980. Endang•r•d and

Thr•at•n•d Wildli~• and Plant•. R•vi•w o~ Plant Taxa ~or

Li•ting a• Endang•r•d or Thr•aten•d. F•d•ral R•gi•t•r

4~<2421:82480-82~69 •

•

- 11 -

•

TABLE l. PLANT SPECIES CHECKLIST·-

Families are arranged alphabetically within each of

three groups: Ferns and Fern Allies, Monocotyledons, and

Dicotyledons. Taxonomy and nomenclature of the Ferns and

Fern Allies follow Lamoureux's unpublished checklist of·

Hawaiian ferns; taxonomy and nomenclature of the flowering

plants (Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons) follow St. John

(1973) except where more commonly accepted names are listed.

Halvaiian names used in the checklist are in accordance with

Porter (1972) or St. John (1973).

For each species the following information is provided:

1. Scientific name with author citation.

2. Common English or Hawaiian name, when known.

3. Biogeographic status of the species. The following

symbols are used:

E ~ endemic ~native to the Hawaiian Islands only,

not occurring naturally elsewhere.

I = indigenous • native to the Hawaiian Islands and

also to one or more other geographic

areas.

P = Polynesian = plants of Polynesian introduction;

all those plants brought by the

Polynesian immigrants prior to contact

with the Western world .

X = exotic or introduced = not native to the Hawaiian

Islands; brought here intentially or

accidentally by man after Western contact.

-·

~ 6EOTl£RM.. AREA TABLE I. "\.ANT D£0<1.IST: Aa:ESS R1)W ~ 1oEU.. SITE 1

Pagel

STATUS

ASPLENI~

ATHYRI~

I Alplenioa lolluhtoa "-tt. I Alplenioa nidus L.

X Athyriopsis jipOIIiea !Thunb. l Cling E Dipluioa lllldloichill'IUII !Presll Dills

DEINITIEDTI~

I Nicrolepia strigou !Thunb. l Prell

DIOODIIACEIIE E Cibotioa chMissoi K.ulf, E Cibotioa glaueoa (J, S.. l Hao!c. & Am.

~

E Elljlhaglouoa alatoa S.ud. var. parvi~ !Skothb. l ANis. & Cro.ay E Elaphoglouoa eriUifolioa !S.ud. l And. & Cro.ay E Elljlhaglouoa hirtoa IS.. l C. Otr. vr. llic.w 1"-tt. l C. Chr. E Elljlhagl~- pellueidoa S.ud. E Elljlhaglouoa -• ILUII"Ss. l C. Chr.

fi..EIDENIACEIIE E Dierllllllltll'is B~rginata IBI'II:tc. l !lob. I Dicrllllllltll'il lii'H"il !Burw. l ~

GRAIIIITACEIIE E AlllrtcJP!oras h>-IIOIIIIYlloicla !Kiulf.l Hao!c. & Srw. E AdlllflPict as pinnatifidas S.ud. E AlllrtcJP!orus t...,.isei,... !Kiulf. l Hao!c. & lftv, var. tM~ritei,...

E Allll....mras tripim~U fidas S.ud. E &r-itis t~n~lla Klulf,

H'IIEJGllfYI.J. E 'Callistoptll'is blldwinii !Eatonl Cope!. I Sonotu- 1inutus 181-l v. d. Bosch E Nleodioa I"'C11I'VUU l&.ud. l Capel. E ~ionioa laneeolatoa !Hoolt. & Am. l Cope!. E ~ioniUI olltusoa !Hook. & Am. l Cope!.

pi'ipi'i-la~•anali'i

·~

ho' i 'o

bl~ fll'ft

,..,._,Ia, D-HIIui '~Ia, D-HIIui '~Ia, D-HIIui '~Ia, D-HIIui '~Ia, D-HIIui

uln uln

'ohi'riu palai~inahina

Palai-lau-li' i

Page 2

STAnJS IIITIIIICil. lA£ E Y .. ldM!oschia C)'l"totha:a <Hillllr. l Capel. E Yll'ldllnbolcllia davallioidft !Saud.) Cop.!.

LIIIIJSAEJIEE I ~is dli,_is <L. l lloon

L YCIJiflii~ E Lycapodiua pllylllllthua Hook. & Am.

*IRAni~

E llarattia douglui i <PNsll Baler

NEPHRIUPIDACBIE I N~Ptroll!lil cordi folia <L. l PNsl I Nltlltroll!lil lxaltata (l,) Schott X Nltlltroll!liS 1Uitiflora (Jioxb.) Jll'l'ftt II Morton

!FHI!B~

E QP~ioglos- ptlldulua L. up. faleatua <PNsll Cia-

Pll. VIlli) I~

PSI LOT~

I Pltop~ltis thllllillrgillll Kaalf.

I Plilotua c:a~pllllltua S.. I Plilotua c:a~pllllltua I nudua I Plilotua nud• <L. l BHuv.

SEI.A&IIfl I !!l'f'E E S.lagillllla ll'l!usl:llla !Mal f. l String

Tl£1. YPlERIDACBIE X Chl'ist11la diMata !Forslc.) II -1 & Jlnl)'

X Chl'istella p&Naitiea <L. l Levi. I llal:rothllyptris tOI"''Bi- (Saud. l O.ing E Plll.-atoptris sandllice.is <Br-ad!. l Holtt.

•

X Cyprus hll!llft L. I Kyllingia brlvifolia Rottt. I ~ina 11riseoidft <Saud. l Krn •Silo ~ii <Kunthl Koy-

ni 1111i I IU, kupukupu, I okupukupu ni'111i In, kupukupu, ~ hairy~ frn

p!IIIIUI-

-. pipi hylrid-. pipi

kilo, taro

kili1o1opu, kyllingia I uki1 I aha-niU

Pig!! 3

STATIS BOTIIUCIL tfl£

LILIIIEE

llRCH IDII:EIE

E III)'IEhospora liiYiiNI 6&ud.

X Alldropogon ViJ"1inic:us L. X Axonopus affinis ~ X Brlldlill'il IUticl !FOI"Ilc.) Stapf X Opli- hirtellus !L. l IIHuv. X ~~- c:onjugat-. Brg. X P&~~~~l• orbic:ulll'l Forst. f. X s.riolepis indica <L. l ~

X Arundina IIMII-foli& !Aoxb.) Lind!. X Spathoglottis plicat& 81.

liN&IIIERil:EAE P lingibr ziNIIillt <L. l llolc:ol

AIIOC'tiRElE E Alyxil oliv•foreis S&ud.

CAIMJliM..1.Jal

lllllOSITAE

ERICitEAE

X ~il c:GI'datl (l. ) Willet. n R. & S.

I Adenost- 1.-ia !L. l Ktze. X Agr&t• c:onyzoidll L. X Agr&t-. houstoni- Mill. X ' EriCht i tft valri-'olia !No! f) DC. X Eup&tori• ripri• lllgll

Ill c ~~~~ IIII'I"CCt"!Nvld cl!'pltgrHs Cali forniqr111 h0id10i10""kukui1 bilkttgr111 111111 u-Hilo, Hilo gr-111111u-laiki, ricegrus 6lml00dgr-

hoi-ltllihiMi

b..aoo ordlid PhilippiM ground ordlid

'il' il

·~i kill hi•i

Mill

"-a'u

drya-ia, pi pili

kMnMFN

qr&ta., aill"hcllono qll'&t• firiMI'III ....... p.llclni

1ohllo-kiu-1111U

Page 4

STATIS BOTRNICII.. ""'

EIJIIIliiBIIIEE P AIIUI'itn 110lutan~ CL.) Willd. E Antidftu platyphyll• Mml

kukui h.-

6E!iiE.R lli:EIE

SUTIIFERIE

I.OBEI.Ili:EIE

E Cyrhndl•a ~ludou &.IIIII. v.r. int..-ifolia Hilllllr. E Cyrtandra ~ludou &.IIIII. v.r. ii"I"'Strah st. Jalm

E Clei"'II!!tia h-iii!Sis CHilllllr. l !lock E Clei"'II!!tia ~iflora &.IIIII. n Gray

'oha-Upau

lEI..ASTIIIITIIEE X llllaet- 11llhathriew~ L.

E llltrosidll"os 1:01lina (J,R. l &. Forst.> Gray vr. gl..,.ill Clwl.l !lock 'ohi'a-leh.,. E llltrosidll"os 1:01lina (J.R. l &. Forst.) Gray var. inc.,.. Clwl.l !lock 'ohi'a-leh.,. E llltrosidll"os 1:01lina (J.R. l &. Forst.) Grey vr. _,.ylla !lock 'ohi'a-leh.,. X Plidi• eatUei- s.bine forll eatUei- str~ g.,.va, Ni•i-'ul.,. X Plidi• caUl•i- Slbine forll lcilkll Dig. yella. str~ guava,~ai•i X Plidi• guljava L. guava, k..-

NYCTASIIR:EAE

PIPEJA:EllE

I Pi1011i1 Ullllellifra (J, R. l &. Forst. l S...

I Llllioigia octiYIIYil (.licq. l Rlwn X Llllioigia ~lustris CL. l Ell •

•

E ~ia I:OOki.,.. C. De:. E ~~ hypo!-• Niq. v.r. hypoleuca E ~ia latifolia Niq.

kaiiOle, pri_._ •ilia. ..tr purse!-

1ala1ala-Ni-nui 'ala'ala-Ni-nui 1ala1ala-Ni-nui

lUll lUllE

P•g• 5

STAnJS BOTIWICII. tA£ I Pepra!i• tltriJIIIyll• <Fcnt. f. l Hook. & Am. Vir. tltriJIIIylh

X llullus l'OSMfolius S..

E BoOu ti-ioidls !Hook. f. l Hilltbr. E Coprcaa oc:hriCH au- vir. rocki1111 auE &ou1dii tll'llillllis !Hook. & ln. l Hilltbr. X PMdlri1 foltidi L. E Psyt:hotri• h-ii1111i1 l&rayl Fosb. Vir. ~ii1111i1

E Pe1H elusi•foli• Bray vir. 1:1111Hb st. Jolm & lila.

SAXIFIRR:EAE . E lll'ouiNisi1 orgut1 Baud.

IJIEU.IFERAE X Clnttlll 11iltie1 IL. l lHtAn

URTICIUIE E Pipturus ~illllill.t¥1.

'

CIJIO( tA£ '•1•'•1•-.ai-nui

thillb1tblrry

'lhikH pilo, lcopl -Milt pil•u kopiko

A.iltie PIIWI)IOOI t, pohtku1a

-'ti

APPENDIX I

Baseline a.v i a.n survey, proposed access road a.nd well site AI, geoth•rma.l resource subzone, Puna. Forest Reserve, Puna., Ha.wa.i i.

Mail• S. Kja.rga.a.rd, Volcano, Ha.wa.i i November 14, 1987.

A. M•thods I conducted standard eight minut• census•s <see Ramsey a.nd

Scott, 1979 for m•thods> at designated sta.K• numbers from the cons•rva.tion zon• boundary to th• wellsite • All birds seen or heard were counted during thes• intervals. Observations of unusual species or pertinent biological details made between stations were also noted.

B. Annotated speci•s 1 ist Status symbols follow Pyle (1983)

scientific and vernacular na.m•s follow the Ch•cKl ist of North American Birds (1983),

<s•• attached sheet>, 6th edition of the AOU

FAMILY PHASIANIDAE <QUAILS, PHEASANTS, FRANCOLINS> Lophura. leucomelana. Ka.l ij Pheasant Fn

Ra.r•; a.ppa.rantly not particularly s•lectiv• about composition where it occurs in the survey area since it in both major vegetation types •

FAMILY TIMALIIDAE <BABBLERS> Garrula.x caner-us Melodious Laughing-thrush Fl

subca.nopy wa.s found

Common in the lower portion of the study area; rarer in the less disturbed regions near the proposed wellsite.

FAMILY TURDIDAE <THRUSHES> Pha.eornis obscyrus obscurus Re

'Oma'o, Hawaii Thrush

Present in low numbers throughout, but more frequently obs•rved in the upper part of th• site (stations 56-67),

FAMILY MUSICAPIDAE <OLD WORLD FLYCATCHERS Cha.siempis sandwichensis sandwichensis Hawa.i i 'Elepa.io Re

One substantial population present a.t the upper part of the study area., otherwise rare. Vigorous low elevation populations of this species a.re no longer a.s common as they once were a.s recently a.s a. decade a.go.

fAMILY ZOSTEROPIDAE <WHITE-EYES> Zoster-cps ja.ponicus Japanese White-eye Fl

91

0Abundant and widely distributed, present types.

i n a 1 1 habitat

FAMILY FRINGILLIDAE <FINCHES, CARDINALS, HAWAIIAN HONEYCREEPERS) Cardinal is cardinal is Cardinal Fl

One population occured in the more disturbed lower portion of the study area.

Carpodacys mexicanus Fl

House Finch

Present in the lower part of the site; the occurence of this species appeared to be positively correlated with the presence of dense stands of strawberry guava.

Hemignathus virens virens Re

Hawaii 'AmaK i hi

Found in low numbers throughout common in the upper portion of vicinity of the wellsite. Nest construction by an individual staKe 53.

the s i h , bu t s 1 i gh t 1 y more the proposed road and in the

Himatione sanguinea sanguinea Re

'Apapane

Widely distributed half of the study site. tion types which have stand-level diebacK areas species as a whole.

and common, most abundant in the upper Highest densities occur in all vegetaa healthy poopulation of Metrosideros; had significantly fewer native bird

Vestiaria coccinea 'I'iwi Rare. One questionable detection of this species occured at

station S2.

C. General field observations and recommendations 1. Native bird observations were most frequent in the less

disturbed upper portion of the study area. Within these ar•as, densities of the honeycreeper species appeared to be more correlated with the vigor and density of Metrosideros than with the composition of the understory flora. 'Elepaio and Thrush densities were probably more sensitive to the characteristics of the subcanopy since neither are nectivorous <'Elepaio feed primarily on insects, while Thrush will taKe both fruit anG insects).

2. Extraordinarily high mosquito densities at stations S3 through 61 did not appear to be negatively correlated with presence of native forest birds. My inability to stand quietly during census periods at these stations may be partially responsibl~ ~->' the precipitous drop in species diversitY after station S3 <though see comments below, •4), ' 3. No Haw a i ian HawK were found in the area. However, this species in notoriously difficult to census in forested areas, and

2

they a~e undoubtedly p~esent he~e as the habitat is app~op~iate fo~ them, and the~e a~e high densities of Hawk in nea~by locations <pe~s. obs.).

4. AI ien bi~d species dive~si ty declined noticibly afte~ station 53 <with the exception of the Japanese White-eye). The species that d~opped out he~e we~e those that feed p~ima~ily on seeds and f~uit <eg., the Ca~dinal, House Finch and Melodious Laughing-th~ush), indicating that the dec I ine may be co~~elated with a dec~ease in density of certain food plants such as waiwi and st~awbe~~Y guava.

5. This a~ea ~•mains viable as avian habitat in spite of invasion of nume~ous weedy plant species; such habitat in low elevation a~eas is becoming mo~e and mo~e sca~ce as developmental demands increase. My p~efe~ence would be fo~ geothermal development to be concent~ated in locations that have al~eady been pe~tu~bed ~athe~ than opening up new pa~cels of fo~est; as such is obviosly not an option in this case, the following recommendations fo~ mitigation a~e app~op~iate:

a) If possible, deviate the ~oad away f~om p~esent avian "hot spots• such as the 'Elepaio population at stations 66 and 67, and the vigo~ous stands of Met~oside~os in the vicinity of stations 68 and 61.

b) Impact on native fo~est bi~d populations could be ~educed by locating powe~ plants and well sites in areas of stand-level dieback and/o~ high alien plant species density whe~e native bi~d populations have al~eady been dep~essed.

D. Raw data The table below gives the results of 28 censuses pe~fo~med

at designated stake numbe~s along the p~oposed access road and at the p~oposed wellsite, •xp~•ssed as numb•~ of individuals of each species.

SPECIES STATICN ---------------------------------------------------------------------

46 9 58 1 2 ~ 4 5 6 7 8 9 68 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Lofi!hu~a ltYSiQ!!!!l&na 1 1 Gar~ulax canorys 3 4 1 1 2 1 Phaeo~nis ~ obscu~us 1 1 1 1 2 2 ChasiemJi!is ~ Jtndwichensis 1 4 2 Zoste~oJi!s j apon i C:UJ 7 3 4 2 3 2 2 2 3 1 4 5 2 5 3 4 3 4 6 Ca~dinal is ct~dinal is 1 2 2 Ca~podacus m•xicanus 4 1 2 1 2 Hemignathus .I!... vir•ns 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 Himatione u sanguinea 2 3 1 2 1 3 6 4 6 4 3 3 9 8 6 4 4 3 9 Vestia~ia coccin•a 1* ----------------------------------------------------------------------~unce~tain ~eco~d, not visually confi~med.

3

American Ornithologist's Union <1983) ChecK-list of North American Birds, ed., Baltimore, AOU.

Pyle, R. <1983) ChecKlist of the birds of Hawaii. 'Elepaio 44:47-58.

Ramsey, F. L., and J, M. Scott <1979) Estimating population c~::s, ties from variable circular plot surveys. ln. R. M. CormacK et. al., eds., Sampling Biological Populations. International Cooperativ Publishing House, Fairland, Md.

4

f

j

I I

STATUS SYMBOLS

RESIDENT SPECIES1 NATIVE

Re • Resident--endemic at species level1 not extinct

Ri • Resident--indigenous species1 Hawaiian form not endemic

Ria • Resident--indigenous species1 Hawaiian subspecies endemic

FOREIGN OR INTRODUCED SPECIES1 RESIDENT

Fl • Foreign--long-established! breeding for more than 25 years

Fn • Foreign--new introduction1 apparently established and breeding, but for less than 25 years

BREEDING SPECIES IN HAWAI'II NATIVE1 MOST INDIVID~LS LEAVE HAW AI 1 I WHEN NOT BREEDING

Bi • Breeder--indigenous species1 Hawaiian form also breeds elsewhere

Bis • Breeder--indigenous species1 Hawaiian subspecies breeds only in Hawaiian Islands

I

VISITOR SPECIES; BREEDS ELSEWHERE! OCCURS IN HAWAI'I WHEN NOT BREEDING

Vr • Visitor--regular migrant

ENDANGERED SPECIES (*)

An asterisk preceding the scientific name of the bird indicates that the species is currently on the federal list of endangered species (U. s. Fish & Wildlife Service 1979).

··- ·-- ,..... . r---:- -':""--~- -~·-- ..

Emergency Plan


(Exploration Phase)



True/Hid-Pacific Geotherma 1 Venture

January, 1989

Appendix F Letter to DLNR DATED: __ _

COUNTY

Civil Defense

Police Dept.

Fire Dept.

STATE

EMERGENCY CONTACT LIST

BUS./RES. PHONE NUMBERS

(808) 935-0031 (808) 935-3311

( 808) 935-3311 (808) 966-9388 (808) 961-2211

(808) 961-6022

( After-hours/holidays )

(Emergency) Keaau Police Station) (Hila Police Station)

Ambul/Paramed/Rescue

DLNR: Division of Water & Land (808) 548-7533/988-6541

DOH: Pollution Investigation & (808) 548-6355 Environmental Enforcement Branch

FEDERAL

Hawaii Volcanoes Observatory

Hawaii Volcanoes Nat. Park Weather Rpt. Recording Volcano Rpt. Recording

KEY PROJECT PERSONNEL

Hawaii

Project Site Gary Hoggatt

All an Kawada

Rod Moss

Wyoming

(808) (808)

(808)

(808)

(808) 967-7328 (808) g67-7311 (808) 935-8555/961-5582 (808) 967-7977

528-3496 Drilling Supervisor

528-3496 Administrative Coordinator True Geothermal Energy Co.

521-9004 Mid-Pacific Geothermal, Inc.

True Companies (HQ) ( 307) 237-9301

•

Emergency Plan

Objective. This emergency plan is designed to anticipate and plan courses of

action to deal with possible medical emergencies and catastrophic events at

the Kilauea Middle East rift zone geothermal project site, Figure 1, that

could cause the health, safety and welfare of project personnel and other

personnel present within the project site or residing near project activity to

be seriously affected or endangered. Catastrophic events that could directly

endanger personnel in the project site include volcanic activity (eruptions

and lava flows, cracks and subsidence, earthquakes and faulting) fire, severe

storms including hurricanes, and well blowouts. Natural events could result

in the failure or destruction of facilities so as to cause extended venting of

geothermal resources in which case there could be high levels of H2S at the

site of failure and exceedence of H2S emmission limits at property boundaries.

Medical emergencies are anticipated to include serious injury, burns, or over

exposure to some process or by-product (e.g., H2S) of project operations due

to accidents, equipment or facility failure, or natural phenomena.

Safety policies, procedures and training, discussed in Appendix A, are

designed to minimize the chances that natural events or project activities

will cause injury or create a health hazard. This plan outlines those steps

and procedures that would be implemented when certain events do occur (or

appear likely to occur) that cause or could cause loss of life, serious injury

or health hazards to personnel within or near project activity sites.

When there is high probability of a natural event occurring within the next 48 • hours which threatens the health and safety of project personnel or other

-1-

personnel near project activity, project facilities or equipment, the drilling

supervisor will assess his current operational situation to determine,

depending on the likely time event will occur, whether any specific activities

should be speeded-up, terminated, reduced, delayed in start-up or modified and

whether emergency measures should be initiated in preparation to secure wells,

break down and/or remove equipment and evacuate personnel. Personnel on site

would be alerted as to the threating condition and given any specific

instruction on preparing for or executing emergency procedures.

Management would be contacted and apprised of the situation and the actions

taken thus far and those contemplated. All off-site project personnel would

be contacted and given instructions to return to the site or to stand by in

preparation to return if required. ·At present, there are no telephone lines

into the project site. All communications will have to be via mobile phone.

The County Civil Defense Office (via the County Police Department) and other

government and private agencies that would be involved in project emergency

actions would be apprised of the situation and the actions being taken or

planned and whether any assistance is required or anticipated. (See Emergency

Contact List). In the event an emergency situation threatens public health or

safety, the County Civil Defense office will establish a command post for the

use of all public safety officials and for liaison with project management and

technical personnel. Civil Defense will coordinate release of information to

the public concerning any public hazard (i.e., outside the project site). The

drilling supervisor and project management personnel will be available on a

24-hour basis to provide liaison with Civil Defense and provide updates on

conditions relevant to the hazard to the public.

-2-

Specific Events

1. Volcanic Activity

In the event of an eruption or impending lava flow, the Operations

Supervisor will be in constant communication with Hawaii Volcanoes

Observatory (HVO) so that the immediate threat to the drilling operation

may be assessed. Volcanic eruption reports may also be obtained from HVO

recordings at 808-967-7977. It is important to determine how much time

is available to secure a well that is being drilled since the time

required to temporarily close a well depends greatly on the depth of the

well. The drilling industry has responded to these threats with

technology and tools to secure wells that are in various states of

drilling or completion in relatively short periods of time. These tools,

commonly referred to as "storm plugs" or bridge plugs" are stored at the

drilling site so that installation can occur on short notice in the event

of an impending hazard.

•

Depending upon the time estimate on the occurrence of the threating

event, a plan will be executed to ensure the safety of all personnel, as

well as the security of the hole and drilling equipment. If sufficient

time exists, steps will be taken to allow removal of expensive drilling

equipment to a safe location. Table F-1 lists the priority and method of

evacuating equipment.

Once a plan of action has been undertaken, the Operations Supervisor will

maintain contact with HVO to monitor the development of the volcanic

-3-

t'N.lUitl 1.,....

ORDER Of' MOVEMENT

1

2

-

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

•

RIG ITEM

Generator Unit

Fuel and Fuel Tanks

Air Compressor

Mud Pumps

Cementing Unit

·Electric Logging Unit

llud Loqqer 's Trailer

Abatement Equipment

Accumulator

11ETIIOO Of' MOVEMENT

F'la t bed truck with winch and tail roller

Tanker truck for fuel; F"1 at bed truck for ti'lnk

Tractor truck without trailer

Flat bed truck with winch and tail roller

Tractor truck without trailer


Pick-u~ truck

Trac~6r truck without trailer


C0'1f1ENT

Unit could be disconnected and dragged flat be~ nuickly.

Puel would he numned off onto a trans f £-

tanker truck i'ITHI the stora~e tank moveJ a low priority item.

Unity, are easily disconnected and car moved with a tractor while ~enerator is bein~ moved.

Unit disconnects easily after drainino to sump.

~,~

Unit can be maintained disconnected off location to be transnorted to the site connected only when needed.

Unit usually maintained disconnected of location until needed when it is transp to the site and connected for use.

Unit disconnects quickly and can be mov at any time with oick-un truck.

"'

,,

It'

, I

ll\1'

Ill

f 01·1

~d

Unit maintained disconnected off locatio _)fl

while not in use, however, when in use, disconnects easily.

nisconnects quickly for easy movement.

----

Table 1 to Emergency Plan

ORDER o"f'" MOVEMENT

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

•

'

RIG ITE~I

Catwalk Racks and Drill Pipe

Parts llouse/ Change Room

Doghouse/Tool-Pushers Trailer and 1\ir Com-pressor Trailer

Water Tanks

1\ir Drilling Muffler

Mud Tanks

Sub-structure, Drawworks and Derrick

METHOD OF MOVEMENT

Forklift and Flat bed truck

flat heel truck with winch and tail roller

Flat bed truck with winch and tail roller/Pick-up truck.


Crane and flat bed truck

Flat bed truck with winch ancl tail roller

Crane and flat bed trucks

COMMENT

Dri 11 oine in hole or derrick remains or1 location. Pipe on qround can move quick with forklift.

Only connectecl to riq with electric wire Disconnects <tuickly.

~-

Disconnects quickly for easy movemen' Low oriority item.

!-later is clrainecl to sumo and tank is m<>v e,J as a low oriority item.

Moved as low OC>riority item.

Mud is drained to sumo and tanks moved a ~; low oriority item.

Low !)riority items since they require to ()

much time to move. Sub-structure~ eleva t "'-I draw works and derrick base on pedestal approximately 26' above qround level.

-----

event as it proceeds, to determine if the chosen plan of action should

continue or be amended.

The first priority response to the threat as related to in-progress

drilling operations is concerned with the safety of all project personnel

and near-by residents that could be impacted because of damage or failure

of project systems and facilities.

The next order of priority is to leave the well bore in a safe condition.

The well bore can be isolated from the ground surface safely with the

installation of a bridge plug or storm plug. This oilfield tool is

inserted into the well bore on the drill pipe and set at any depth in the

casing. The drill pipe below the plug can be safely suspended from the

plug. The drill pipe above the plug can be unscrewed and removed or left

in place. By installing this plug into the well bore and closing all

surface well head valves the hole can be isolated to prevent movement of

fluids or gases from the lower potentially productive zones to the

surface as well as prevent surface fluids from moving down the hole.

The bridge plug is built to withstand high pressures and temperatures and

is available in various sizes. Drilling plans call for plugging tools

such as these to be kept on-site at all times while drilling below the

13-3/8" casing string. All rig personnel will be familiar with all

aspects of running and setting these tools, so that if an emergency

• occurs the well bore can be safely secured and isolated before personnel

-4-

leave the rig. These tools can also be easily removed after the

hazardous condition has ended and drilling operations are resumed.

A 11 va 1 ves and we 11 heads are tested at the factory to ho 1 d pressure at

2,000 PSI and designed to withstand temperatures in excess of 2,500

degrees F. compared to 2,000 degrees F. lava temperature. In the event

that the entire well head assembly is destroyed by a massive flow, the

subsurface bridge plug would isolate the well bore from the lava. Should

continuing volcanic activity prevent continuing operations at the site of

an uncompleted well, the well will be properly plugged by setting the

required cement plugs above the bridge plug.

The last priority would be the protection of the drilling equipment.

Certain portable pieces of drilling equipment and rig components would be

removed and relocated to a safe area if time permits. These components

will be selected by the supervisor at the time the threatening condition

is manifested and depending on the status of operations at the time.

Priorities in evacuation and the equipment that will be needed in the

event of emergency evacuation will be updated as project development

proceeds. Trucks and cranes necessary for a move would be prearranged so

that they will be available in the event they are needed.

The following sequence of operations will be followed in total or in

part, based on the time factor allowed by the emergency condition. (It

should be kept in mind that Hawaiian lava flows are non-explosive and

therefore good estimates of lava flow direction and speed can be made

when the vent is up the rift zone or above the project site.)

-5-

2.

'

1} Assess the emergency, consulting with HVO to determine speed

and direction of the lava flow. If the situation warrants

immediate action, close all surface valves and evacuate all

personnel from the location.

2} If time permits, contact operators of cranes and trucks and

arrange for removal of designated drilling equipment.

3} If the emergency occurs while drilling, raise the drill string from

bottom at least 400 feet and install the bridge plug on the drill

string. Run the bridge plug into the well bore to a depth of

approximately 300 feet and set and test the bridge plug in 13-3/8"

casing. If time allows, remove the drill string. This procedure

requires about one hour to accomplish.

4} If the drill string is out of the hole when emergency occurs,

install bridge plug in the well bore to a depth of 300 feet. Set

and test the plug, then remove the drill string above the plug if

time permits. This procedure requires half an hour.

5} Close all surface valves and blowout~preventers to isolate the well

bore.

6} If time allows, remove designated drilling equipment with cranes and

trucks.

7} When safe, return to the drill site, inspect and clear well head and

rig area, if feasible, screw on drill pipe, remove the bridge plug,

remove bridge from drilling assembly, and resume drilling.

Earthquakes

Since no detection systems have yet been devised to predict or warn of an

impending earthquake,.such events have to be assumed and engineering

-6-

design of facilities and systems planned to withstand the magnitude of

potential earthquakes in the area with a comfortable margin of safety.

For construction standards, Hawaii is considered to be in Zone 3.

Regardless of design criteria, it is still possible that personnel could

be injured in an earthquake and systems could fail or be severly damaged

which in turn could cause injury or create a health hazard. In such

situations, the drilling supervisor, or other personnel on the scene will

have to take immediate action to deal with any injured personnel and to

correct any failed system that is causing or posing a danger to the

health and safety of personnel in the area. Procedures for evacuation of

personnel and coordination of emergency conditions with medical

facilities, the Director of Civil Defense, Hawaii County, and other

agencies would follow those used for volcanic activities.

3. Fires

The project area is located in an area that may be susceptible to fast

moving fires. Project personnel will be continually instructed on the

precautions necessary to avoid creating fires or fire hazards and to be

alert at all times for detecting and reporting fires initiated anywhere

in the area.

Fire suppression systems for fighting fires at and near the drilling site

will be established. The water catchment pond will provide the means of

fighting fires in and adjacent to the drilling site. Portable

extinguishers for chemical and fuel fires will be located at several

-7-

locations in the drilling site. In the event of a fire, project

personnel will take immediate action to extingish the fire or control it

while additional fire fighting means or support can be applied. Fires

will be reported to the Fire Department emergency number (961-6022).

Fire fighting equipment is stationed at Keaau, with an additional fire

truck at Pahoa.

Should a major forest fire approach the drilling site, the drilling

supervisor will make the same evaluations concerning current operations

and evacuation of personnel and equipment as for an impending or actual

volcanic eruption. In addition, special attention will be given toward

removing materials that could cause explosions and severe hazards to

personnel remaining in the area and intensifying of the forest fire. The

Fire Department will be apprised of conditions at the project site

periodically as long as the forest fire remains a threat.

4. Blowouts and Exposure to Excessive Levels of H2s

'

Should a blowout occur through the wellhead assembly or below the

surface, the drilling crew's first response is to immediately detetermine

that no one was or is about to be injured as a result of the blowout and

if so, to take quick action to render assistance. Alertness for

excessive H2s levels is paramount and protective masks and clothing may

need to be worn by all personnel in the area that may be exposed to

extensive H2s levels or the hot, high pressure geothermal fluid/steam.

The drilling crew could be subject to sudden excessive levels of H2s due

to a blowout, or through the blooie line when drilling with air. Speed

-8-

is essential in rescuing an individual exposed to levels of H2S which

could be life threatening in 30 minutes or less. Inhalation of H2S at

levels of 500-600ppm at, or immediately adjacent to the emission point,

could constitute such an emergency. However, any levels over 50ppm would

be treated as dangerous and personnel safety precautions and procedures

would be implemented while actions are taken to control/reduce the H2s

emission levels. Should excessive emissions occur and overcome an

individual, the emergency rescue procedures to be followed, as described

in Tab A to this Appendix, represent practices recommended by the

Workmen's Compensation Board, Alberta, Canada and the American Heart

Association. The procedures were compiled and printed in publication No.

MlO, Department of Conservation, Division of Oil & Gas, State of

California.

After assuring that personnel are safe from a blowout (or an event of

excessive levels of H2S in the area), the drilling supervisor will assess

the blowout to ascertain the cause and what immediate steps can be taken

to contain, control or secure the blowout. Management will be notified

of the situation so that immediate action can be taken to obtain

technical assistance and/or special equipment as may be required.

Similarly, if excessive H2s levels are emanating from the blooie line,

immediate adjustments will be made in the injection of H2S abatement

chemicals to reduce the H2s emissions to normal controlled levels.

In the event of a blowout, downwind H2S monitors will be read as a

precautionary measure to determine whether based on existing

-9-

meterological conditions the H2S concentrations could be expected to

impact residences near the project area. The Director, Civil Defense,

County of Hawaii and the Director of the Health Department, or designated

representative, will be notified of the blowout, the nature of the

blowout, the levels of H2S being monitored downwind of the well, the

current meterological conditions, estimates on what concentration levels

are likely to exist at the nearest residential boundary, and a tentative

estimate, if possible, of the time required to secure the blowout.

Off-site personnel will be contacted to return to the site if required.

Any changes in the conditions first reported to Civil Defense and the

Health Department will be promptly reported to those agencies.

5. MEDICAL EVACUATION. In case of an injury at an exploration well site

during construction, drilling, or testing, there will be first aid

services to handle minor injuries. Serious injuries that require

immediate medical attention must be provided at appropriate medical

centers. Assistance for these injuries will be requested via the Fire

Department emergency number, 961-6022. The closest hospital is located

in Hila. An ambulance will require approximately 40 minutes to make the

trip from Keaau to the project site. This will be the primary method of

medical evacuation, however, other methods are available. Private

vehicles could be utilized, however the patient would not have the

services of a paramedic until the ambulance was met. Helicopter

evacuation may be feasible if one is readily available in the area from

the company or companies with which operating agreements have been

concluded on providing such emergency service.

-10-

In case of serious burns, victims may have to be transported to Oahu

(Straub Clinic) for treatment or even to a recognized burn treatment

center such as Sherman Oaks, California.

6. POLICY ON THE NOTIFICATION OF SUBSTANTIAL RISK

The Toxic Substances Control Act (TACA) requires under Section B (e) that

any person who obtains information that reasonably supports a conclusion

that any chemical substance or mixture presents a substantial risk to

health or the environment should report this to the EPA.

To comply with these requirements, the Policy of the "Operator", TRUE

Geotherma 1 Energy Company, is as fo 11 ows:

Employees who acquire information that reasonably suggests that a

chemical substance or mixture used in project operations may present

a substantial risk to health or the environment will inform the

operator's Administrative Coordinator. This action should be taken

as soon as such information is received, without awaiting a final

report, conclusions, or results of subsequent or confirmatory

studies.

The Administrative Coordinator will inform and consult with appro

priate Environmental Affairs, Legal and management personnel and

will coordinate all reports to the EPA. Any reporting to the EPA

-11-

will be done in consultation with appropriate operating company

management.

Copies of reports of all toxicological studies and all investigatory

studies made relating to health or environmental concerns shall be

evaluated in regard to TSCA §8 (e) reporting and for filing with

other health and environmental information.

The persons initially bringing the information to the attention of

management will be informed of the decision on filing a notice of

substantial risk.

Failure to comply with the provisions of this policy could lead to

Federal penalties under TSCA.

-12-

EMERGENCY RESCUE AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES

FOR

VICTIMS OF EXCESSIVE H2S INHALATION

(TO BE POSTED IN A POSITION CLOSE TO THE DRILLING SITE)

TAB A Appendix F Emergency Plan

Rescue and First Aid Procedures

For Victims of Excessive H2S Inhalation*

1. SPEED IS ESSENTIAL IN RESCUING A VICTIM AND IN ADMINISTERING FIRST AID.

2. THE RESCUER DONS SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING EQUIPMENT BEFORE APPROACHING

THE DANGER AREA AND THE VICTIM. WHEN POSSIBLE, THE RESCUER SHOULD HAVE

A PARTNER ON A LIFE LINE.

3. THE RESCUER IMMEDIATELY MOVES THE VICTIM TO FRESH, PURE AIR WHILE OTHER

PERSONNEL OBTAIN THE RESUSITATOR FOR USE ON THE VICTIM, AND CALL FOR

MEDICAL ASSISTANCE.

(SEE SUCCEEDING PAGES, PARAGRAPHS 4 THROUGH 13, FOR FIRST AID PROCEDURE.)

* These procedures represent practices recommended by the Workman's Compensation Board, Alberta, Canada, and the American Heart Association.

'

l

.,

FIRST AID PROCEDCRES

*4. Airway~ or~ If you find a collapsed per:-.on. del ermine if victim is conscious by shaking the shoulder and shouling "Are you all righl?" If no re5ponse. 5hout for help. Then open !he airway. If victim is not lying flo! on his bock. roll victim over. moving the entire body at one lime as a total unit.

To open the victim's oirwoy.lift up the neck (or chin) gently with one hand while pushing down on the forehead with the other to tilt head bock. Once the airway is open. place your ear close to the victim's mouth: - Look- at the chest and stomach for

movement. - Listen- for :-.ounds of breathing. ._ Feel- for breath on your cheek.

If none of these signs is present. victim is not breathing.

If opening the airway does not cause the victim to begin to breathe spontaneously. you must provide rescue breathing.

5. Breathing The best way to provide rescue breathing is by u5ing !he moulh-lo-moulh technique. Take your hand I hat is on the victim's forehead and tum it :;a that you can pinch the victim's nose shut while keeping tho heel of the hand in place to maintain hood I ill. Your other hand 5hould remain under the victim's neck (a& chin].lirting up.

Immediately give four quick. full breaths in rapid succession using the mouth-to-mouth method.

6. Check Pulse ....___ Arter ~iving the lour quick breaths. locale the victim's carotid pulse to see if !he heart is

•® 1?77 Arncric.1n Hc.ul A110ci.11inn. Kcprinlctl with 11crmission,

2

beating. To find the carotid artery. take your hand !hal is under the victim" s neck and local• !he voice box. Slide !he tips of your index one middle fingers into the groove beside the voice box. Feel for the pulse. Cardiac arrest can be recognized by absent breathing one an absent pulse in I he carotid arlery in the neck.

For Infants and Small Childrer. Basic life support for infants and small childre is similar to that for adults. A few important differences to remember are given below.

Airway Be careful when handling an infant that you do no! exaggerate the backward position ot the head tilt. An infant's neck is :;a pliable the forceful backward tilting might block breathing passages instead of opening then

Breathing Don't try to pinch off the nose. Cover both the mouth and nose of an infant or small child who is not breathing. Usc small breaths with less volume to inflate the lungs. Give one smc breath every three seconds.

Check Pulse The absence of a pulse may be more easily determined by feeling over the left nipple.

7. ll yolJ CAN lillllthe pu/.\e, continut~ n."stuc hre.1thinH until vic.: lim revive!. or there~u,dt.llor ~~ r(';~diPd. I [A· crclic c.1rc due.• lo r>os~•ble lung congl"Siion.) 1\ccortling lo the Americ.m l~ed Cro!'.s reo;cuc bre.JihinA in~trucliOn:), you ~hould:

• Rcpc.11 hrc.uh,.;; dbnut 1 ~ limps .1 minute for an .uJult or 20 times ol minute for o1 child.

• Es1,1blish ,, rhylhm. • H victims·s stom.1ch rises, pres!. il genlly to rcmovC'

air. • As p.;lli(.•nt revives, w.11ch closely. Tr<~o.11 fur ~hock.

If you CANNOT find the pulse, llw vic lim needs CPR, C.1rdiopulmonory Resuscilalion. CPR should be ,,d. minislered ONLY by • person properly !rained Jncl ccrlifled. II is loo complicalccllo be lJughl from prinlccl p•ges ,,lone.

A resusc11.a1or. Photo by Murr.1y Dosch.

The Pneolator is an instrument that performs artificial respiration with an automatic, predetermined pressure on inhalation, and without suction on exhalation. This most nearly represents normal respiration and has been selected by medical authorities as the method of choice in restoring breathing.

Once the patient is breathing, the Pneolator becomes an effective oxygen inhalator by a simple adjustment. If the air passage is obstructed by mucous or foreign material, a warning is immediately given by a chattering of the cycling valve, and the Pneolator provides an aspirator for removing the obstruction. The Pneolator can be taken with a victim to the hospital.

NOTE: The small oxygen botlles carried by most ambulances are not the type required for a Pneolator. The 21 cubic foot bottle of oxygen in the Pneolator should be checked and filled to capacity before all well testing operations. Furthermore, it is strongly recommended that an extra supply of oxygen (a commercial tank) be kept on hand as a "standby" supply.

This large oxygen cylinder can be hooked up to the resuscitator while it is being used to increase the volume of oxygen that is available for use should there be more than one victim overcome.

Keep victim warm and quiet, but never unattended.

1 • A person who has been overcome by H ,S gas and revived could go into shock. Because of this, take the victim to a doctor at once. Patients should be kept under medical observation until the doctor declares them fit to r~turn to work.

3

11. A pJllt.:.:. , breathing normolly may be given st1mulants such as tea or coffee. (Alcohol is a depressant).

t2. If eyes are affected by H ,S, wash them thoroughly with clear water. For slight eye irntot1on, cold compresses will help.

1 J. Once a victim is removed to fresh air .tncl normal respiration restored before he.Jrt action ceases, rap1cl recovery may be expected.

In cases of slight or minor exposures, where the worker hc1s not been tot.1lly unconst.ious .1nd wJnls to return to work after a short rest pcnod, it i~ rC'commendcd that duty be postponed until the followmg day. Reflexes may not have returned to norm.JI, .md the person could be subject to injuries from othC'r work hJLJrds.

CALIFORNIA DIVISION OF Oil AND CAS

-

895 WEST RIVER CROSS ROAD Phone (307) 237-9301 P.O. Box 2360

February 1, 1989

Mr. William W. Paty, Chairman

.·' •. ')1'~- OF W!:!tf&vyoming - ..... ,r,;£60 o,_ 'I ~uJ.-.~mr

'. ~. , J , r ~ • , -:; '"~ 1 c ·-.. :- ; 1;.., 1• r.:;

State Board of Land & Natural Resources P.O. Box 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809

Subject: Plan of Drilling (KMERZ)

Dear Mr. Paty:

Operations for in the Kilauea

Geothermal Exploration Middle East Rift Zone

The subject Plan of Operations, Enclosure ( l), is submitted for approval as directed by the Board of Land & Natural Resources Decision and Order (D&O) of April 11, 1986, on Campbell Estate's application for a land use permit on their land parcel on the Island of Hawaii, Puna District, TMK 1-20-10:3. The Plan of Operations was prepared in accordance with DLNR Administrative Rules, Chapter 183, Section 13-183-55.

The Plan of Operations provides the framework for conducting the level of geothe~mal exploration activities authorized in the :0&6 iJlClQ:d,~nQ: information on the physical, geographical and" gedphysic:'ll · aEq:rects··· of' 'the project site, resource potential and non-drilling operating procedures. The data required on drilling operations and procedures has been included in the Application For Permit to Drill a Geothermal Well, submitted under separate cover to DLNR in accordance with DLNR Administrative Rules, Chapter 183, Section 13-183-65.

Data requirements for the Board's Decision and Order prescribed environmental monitoring plans and programs for the exploration of the project are submitted under separate cover to the Department of Land & Natural Resources for ministerial approval as provided in the Decision and Order. In addition, the D&O required that the noise monitoring plan, the biological survey report and the emergency plan be submitted to the County of Hawaii for review and comment. The air quality monitoring plan has also been submitted to the Director of Health, State of Hawaii Health Department, for approval as a matter under cognizance of that department. Concurrently, the Application for Authority to Construct (ATC) twelve geothermal exploration wells has been submitted to the Health Department for approval as a matter relating to air quality control.

Mr. William w. Paty, Chairma~ Page Two (2) February l, 1989

Upon completion of sufficient exploration to support proceeding with development activities and upon evidence that a market exists on the Island of Hawaii for up to 25 MW of power, a Development Plan will be submitted to DLNR for approval to proceed with the applicable level of development. Additional Development Plans will be submitted for increments of development up to 75 MW (for a total of 100 MW) as the market for such power is established locally or on Oahu via deepwater transmission cable. Development beyond 100 MW would require a supplemental CDUA.

The preliminary schedule of project activity ~s included ~n the Plan of Operations.

Campbell Est<:te has reviewed and concurs ln the Plan of Operations.

Very truly yours,

TRllE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY (Operator for True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture)

---III, Partner

Encl: 1) Plan of Operations

cc: Mid Pacific Geothermal, Inc. Estate of James Campbell

•··

"'"

---

PLAN OF OPERATIONS


(Exploration Phase)




January, 1989

Encl (1) to L TR to Chai nnan, BLNR dtd ___ _

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMPANY -- ------ ---------------- -·····------ --------------------------

895 WEST RIVER CROSS ROAD

February l. 1989

Mr. William W. Paty, Chairman State Board of Land & Natural Resources P.O. Box 621 Honolulu, Hawaii 96809

Phone C307) 237-9301 P.O. Bo• 2360 Co~s~r. Wyom1ng

12602

Subject: Plan of Drilling (KMERZ)

Operations for 1n the Kilauea

Geothermal Exploration Middle East Rift Zone

Dear Mr. Paty:

The subject Plan of Operations, Enclosure (1), · is submitted for approval as directed by the Board of Land & Natural Resources Decision and Order (D&O) of April 11, 1986, on Campbell Estate's application for a land use permit on their land parcel on the Island of Hawaii, Puna District, TMK 1-20-10:3. The Plan of Operations was prepared in accordance with DLNR Administrative Rules, Chapter 183, Section 13-183-55. I The Plan of Operations provides the framework for conducting the level of ::~eot.hetllJal exploration activities authonzea 1n the DW f' iACl~_d,?.nQ:l information on the physical, geographical Clncl; (ge.::aphys"teax aspeecs or the project site, resource P.otential and non-drilling operating procedures. The fdata required on drilling operations and procedures ras been included in the Application For Permit to' Drill a Geothermal0 Well, submitted under separate cover to DLNR in accordance with DLNR Administrative Rules, Chapter 183, Section 13-183-65.

Data requirements for the Board's Decision and Order prescribed environmental monitoring plans and programs for the exploration of the project are submitted under separate cover to the Department of Land & Natural Resources for ministerial approval as provided in the Decision and Order. In addition, the D&O required that the noise monitoring plan, the biological survey report and the emergency plan be submitted to the County of Hawaii for review and comment. The air quality monitoring plan has also been submitted to the Director of Health, State of Hawaii Health Department, for approval as a matter under cognizance of that department. Concurrently, the Application for Authority to Construct (ATC) twelve geothermal exploration wells has been submitted to the Health Department for approval as a matter relating to air quality control.

Mr. William w. Paty, Chairman Page Two (2) February 1, 1989

Upon completion of sufficient exploration to support proceeding with development activities and upon evidence that a market exists on the Island of Hawaii for up to 25 MW of power, a Development Plan will be submitted to DLNR for approval to proceed with the applicable level of development. Additional Development Plans will be submitted for increments of development up to 75 MW (for a total of 100 MW) as the market for such power is established locally or on Oahu via deepwater transmission cable. Development beyond 100 MW would requ:i:re a supplemental CDUA.

The preliminary schedule of project activity is included in the Plan of Operations.

Campbell Estate has reviewed and concurs in the Plan of Operations.

Very truly yours,


--III, Partner

Encl: 1) Plan of Operations

cc: Mid Pacific Geothermal, Inc. Estate of James Campbell

PLAN OF OPERATIONS


(Exploration Phase)




January, 1989

Encl ( 1) to LTR to Chairman, BLNR dtd ___ _

(Plan of Operations)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

List of Figures ................................................ i i

Introduction .. ........ .. .. .. ... . .. .. .. .. . . ...... .. . . . ..... .. . . . iii

1. Exploration Drilling Program and Schedule...................... 1

2. Project Area/Drilling Site Description ...... ...... ............. 1

3. Well Bore Description .......................................... 4

4. Planned Access and Lateral Roads .. .. .. .. • .. .. .... • .. • .. • .. .. • .. 7

5. Source of Water Supply and Road Building Materials •••••.•.....• 10

6. Major Project Facilities/Equipment for Drilling Activities •••.. 10

7. Other Areas of Potential Surface Disturbance................... 11

8. Disposal Procedures for Well Effluent/Other Wastes .. ........... 11

9. Narrative Statement Describing Proposed Measures to be Taken for the Protection of the Environment .. • .. .. .. • .. .. .... .. .. • .. .. • .. 12

10. Geologist's Preliminary Report on Surface and Sub-surface Geology ......................................................... 12

11. Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs •••.•..••.•.......•. 17

12. Development Plans .............................................. 17

Attachment 1

Metes and Bounds Description of Access Road and Drilling Site A1

LIST OF FIGURES

NUMBER TITLE PAGE

1 Activity Schedule 2

2 Project Area Topography 3

3 Plot Plan 5

4 Road Survey Stakes 6

5 Proposed Project Exploration/ Development Areas 9

ii

PLAN OF OPERATIONS

Geothermal Project for the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone, Puna District,

Island of Hawaii (Campbell Estate Property, TMK: 1-2-10:3)

INTRODUCTION:

This plan of operations includes the map and data requirements for geothermal

exploration activities as prescribed in Section 13-183-55, Chapter 183, DLNR

Administrative Rules on Leasing and Drilling of Geothermal Resources, and the

Decision and Order, (D & 0), Board of Land and Natural Resources, dated

April 11, 1986.

The environmental monitoring plans and programs including the Management Plan,

the Emergency Plan and procedures on abated venting are submitted separately

to DLNR for administrative approval as directed in the Board's Decision and

Order. In addition, the Noise Monitoring Plan, the Biological Survey Report

and the Emergency Plan are submitted concurrently to the County of Hawaii for

Review and comment.

The initial exploration drilling activities to be undertaken within the scope

of the Plan of Operations are described in Section II of the Final

Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for this project (February 1986)

and subject to conditions imposed in the Board's Decision and Order.

Additional exploration drilling will be conducted for the purpose of further

determining, in conjunction with earlier drilling, the location and extent of

iii

geothermal resources within the project area (geothermal resource sub-zone)

and whether such resources could be economically developed and sufficient to

produce and sustain the production of 100mw of geothermal generated

electricity for 30 years.

Changes to the Plan of Operations will be requested as may be necessary due to

the results of continuing drilling operations, natural phenomena, and

cumulative environmental monitoring which establish the need to make

adjustments in operating procedures, project impact mitigation measures and

environmental monitoring plans and programs.

Following the completion of sufficient exploration activities to prove the

existence of economically producible resources and upon negotiation of a power

purchase contract with an electrical consumer, a Development Plan for the

contracted amount of power (up to 25mw) together with required changes to the

Plan of Operations will be submitted for approval.

It is expected that development of geothermal generated electrical energy will

occur in increments up to a total of 100mw, the limit imposed under the

current Conservation District Permit of April 11, 1986.

iv

1. Exploration Drilling Program and Schedule

a. The exploration drilling program including the planned sequence for

drilling exploration wells within the project site is described in

the Application for Permit to Drill submitted to DLNR in accordance

with Section 13-183-65, Chapter 183, DLNR Administrative Rules on

Leasing and Drilling of Geothermal Resources.

b. Activity Schedule. (See Figure 1.)

2. Project Area/Drilling Site Description

a. The project site is located along the Kilauea middle east rift zone,

Island of Hawaii, Puna District, within a geothermal resource

sub-zone covering an area of about 9,000 acres within Campbell

Estate Property, TMK 1-2-10:3.

b. Drilling Site Designation: True/Mid-Pacific A1 (TMP A1).

c. Topographic features of the project site including the location of

the first exploration drilling site (A1) are as shown on Figure 2.

The principal topographic feature within the project site is Pu'u

Heiheiahulu, located about 7,000 feet south of drilling site A1.

d. Metes and bounds description of Drilling site A1. (See Attachment

1); As a result of the findings reported in the biological survey

of proposed drilling site A1, it has been determined that by

relocating the drill site 300 feet east of the position shown on

Figure 2, the clearing of a portion of an 'Ohi'a class a-(2) forest

which contains a resident population of a native bird (not

endangered), the Hawai'i 'elepaio, can be avoided. Accordingly, the

adjusted surveyed location of drilling site A1 is as indicated in

Attachment 1.

-1-

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ACTIVITY SCHEDULE 1 I (irue/~lid-Pacific Geothermal Projecq

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e. Size and Configuration: Each drilling site will cover approximately

5 acres including 1 acre for a water catchment pond when required.

(See Figure 3, Plot Plan).

f. Planned Excavation and Grading:

The access road to drilling site A1 which has been surveyed and

staked as shown on Figure 4, will be graded as a 20 ft. wide

construction road along the alignment shown. Due to the gradual

slope of the project area cut and fill requirements will be limited.

The depth of any cut is not expected to exceed 20 ft. At the

drilling site, the area will be cleared and graded to accommodate

the drill rig and ancillary equipment as identified in the drilling

site plot plan, Figure 3. A sump for well effluent will be

excavated adjacent to the drill rig as shown on the plot plan.

Dimensions of the sump will be approximately 120' by 360' by 10'.

In addition, a site for a water catchment pond will be excavated

adjacent to the drilling site. Dimensions for the water catchment

pond are approximately 200' by 300' by 10'. Excavated materials

will be retained on site for future use or refill of the sump or

pond.

g. Elevation of Drilling Rig Above Sea Level.

1,500 ft.

3. Well Bore

a. Well Designation Number: True/Mid-Pacific Al-l

b. Location Within Drilling Site: (See Figure 3)

-4-

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c. Proposed Depth of Resource Discovery and Bottom Hole Location:

It is expected to encounter a geothermal reservoir beginning at a

depth of 4,500 ft. Total depth is expected to be in the range of

8,000 - 14,000 ft., true vertical depth.

d. Description of Drilling and Casing Program and Proposed Well

Completion and Testing Program: (Contained in Application for

Permit to Drill a Geothermal Exploration Well).

4. Planned Access and Lateral Roads

a. Location (See Figure 2)

(1) The primary route to the project site will be via State Road

130 to the Pahoa by-pass road north of Pahoa, to South Road to

Kaohe Homesteads to Middle Road and south along State Road

easement (20ft. width) to the boundary of the Campbell Estate

property (TMK 1-2-10:1). The easement for the State Road was

granted by Department of Land and Natural Resources letter of

January 16, 1987 to the Estate of James Campbell.

(2) The planned access road to the first drilling site

(True/Mid-Pacific A1) is shown on Figure 1. However, as a

result of the findings of the biological survey of the proposed

access road alignment, the sighting of three trees being

considered for listing by the U.S. Fish and wildlife Service

as endangered species (Bobea timonioides and Tetraplasandra),

it has been decided to deviate the access road east of survey

stakes #48 and #58 (Figure 4) to avoid these trees as shown in

Attachment 1.

-7-

(3) Three turn-outs along the road will be selected after grubbing

is completed and shown on a revised map. Grubbing will extend

to 10 feet on each side of the bed. The initial width of the

access road will be 20 ft. Segments of the road where cut and

fill is required will be widened to 30-40 ft. During the

development phase, the access road will be widened to 30 ft.

(4) A grubbing permit has been requested from the County of Hawaii

for the access road including the unimproved portion of the

State road easement. Application for a grading permit will

be made to the County of Hawaii subsequent to completing the

grubbing and engineering design.

(5) The location of planned lateral roads to subsequent drill sites

are as shown in Figure 5, Exploration and Development Plan for

the Project.

b. Metes and Bounds Description of the Access Road (Attachment 1)

c. Metes and Bounds of lateral roads and other drilling sites will be

submitted together with required pre-clearing survey data when such

sites and road alignments are determined.

d. Access Control (Described in the Management Plan, submitted

separately to DLNR).

-8-

5. Source of Water Supply and Road Building Materials

a. Potable water for drinking, sanitation and for work force safety

measures will be trucked in to the project site from an existing

county water point.

The primary water source for drilling and testing operations and

fire fighting will be catchment water. Every attempt will be made

to recycle all water used in drilling and testing operations. A

water catchment site with a total capacity of 500,000 to 1,000,000

gallons will be located adjacent to each drilling site when

required. The catchment pond will be supplemented initially

with water trucked in from the county water point. (During the

development phase, plans may include the installation of a water

pipeline from a nearby well.) Condensate from power plant

operations will provide replacement water for the cooling tower

system during the development phase as will be described in the

future development plan.

b. During the initial exploration phase of the project, it is expected

that only road topping cinders will be needed from outside of the

project site. Off-site materials will be required in the

development phase to widen and improve the access road.

6. Major Project Facilities/Equipment for Drilling Activities

a. The major project facilities and equipment for the exploration phase

are the drilling rig and ancillary equipment including utility

-10-

vehicles, pumps, generators, compressors, drill pipe racks, and tanks for

water, drilling mud and fuel. In addition, a sump for well effluent and a

water catchment pond will be required.

b. This equipment will be arranged around the drilling rig,

approximately as shown in Figure 3.

7. Other Areas of Potential Surface Disturbance

Figure 5 identifies the planned facility sites and connecting roads

within the project area which may be used during the progression of

project exploration and development activities depending on the

extent and location of discovered geothermal resources and market

demand for geothermal energy.

Field surveys will continue to be made of any of the areas to be

occupied for project activities prior to clearing or construction

and results reported to DLNR for review and approval.

B. Disposal Procedures for Well Effluent/Other Wastes

a. During the exploration phase, project wastes such as drilling

effluent (cuttings from the well bore, drilling mud and fluids) will

be discharged into a sump at each drilling site. Solids will be

settled out and fluids will be recycled. Residual solids will be

left in the sump and buried, or in the case of drill cuttings, used

as sand within the drill site if needed. Similarly, geothermal

brine brought to the surface during well testing will be piped to a

rock muffler and then discharged into a sump for percolation. In

-11-

the unlikely event that fresh ground water is found to exist in the rift zone

at the project site and it is determined that the limited amount of brine

produced from the well would contaminate the fresh water a lined sump will be

used for collecting of the brine for settling out of solids. Trash will be

collected daily on site and

periodically transferred to the nearest county disposal site.

Portable toilets will be positioned on site.

9. Narrative Statement Describing the Proposed Measures to be Taken for the

Protection of the Environment

As described in Section 6 in the Revised Environmental Impact Statement

for Kahauale'a, June 1982, Section III in the Final Supplemental EIS to

Revised EIS for Kahauale'a, February 1986, and in the environmental

monitoring plans and programs submitted separately to DLNR for

ministerial approval.

10. Geologist's Preliminary Report on Surface and Sub-Surface Geology, Nature

and Occurrence of the Known or Potential Geothermal Resources, Surface

Water Resources and Ground Water Resources.

a. Geothermal resources in the Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone (KMERZ)

The resource potential of the Kilauea East Rift Zone has been

recognized for many years and studied by many investigators. The

combination of a prolific heat source, abundant water, and permeable

rocks at drillable depths makes the East Rift Zone a highly valued

resource area.

-12-

There is no fundamental change in surface geology along the 30

mile extent of the East Rift Zone. The proposed development will

occur in the area of the Middle East Rift Zone as shown on Figure 5.

Variations in surface geology are determined by the number and

density of surface vents and faults, the age of the lava flows, and

the variations between a'a-a'a and Pahoehoe flows.

Stratigraphy of the KMERZ is simple in that all the rocks are

basaltic lavas. Seismicity caused by magma movement and thermal

contraction after intrusion is believed to induce the fracturing

that is necessary for creating a geothermal reservoir. Approach of

the drill bit into a reservoir will be indicated by marked increases

in temperature.

Temperatures and pressures are expected to be similar to that

encountered at H.G.P.A. It is also expected that a liquid dominated

reservoir will be encountered.

The HGP-A Project proved that the Kilauea east rift was a commercial

geothermal province. Moreover, it demonstrated that wells could be

drilled, tested, and produced with existing technology. Six

additional deep geothermal wells have been drilled in the lower east

rift zone. Of the seven total wells, two are producers, two

produced geothermal fluids but had mechanical failures, and three

wells did not encounter sufficient fracture permeability to produce

-13-

geothermal fluids. Based on this result, it is apparent that

success or failure hinges on the existence of fractured rocks at the

target depths. Temperatures are not an overriding concern. In

fact, an aeromagnetic survey reported by Godson (1981) suggests that

temperatures under the Middle East Rift Zone are quite adequate for

geothermal development. The apparent negative magnetism suggests

subsurface rock temperatures that are above the Curie temperature of

500 degrees C.

Thus, to determine favorable areas to encounter permeability,

several techniques are feasible including evidence of micro

earthquakes,: surface geology, radon surveys, and exploratory

drilling. The latter is the most definitive. Surface geology was

meaningful in the siting of the Kapoho State Wells (Iovenitti,

1985). An apparent offset in the rift zone was one of the primary

justifications for the well sites. Geothermal exploration in other

magmatic environments such as the Phillipines, Alaska, and Long

Valley Caldera utilizes surface geological features in drill site

selection, and considerable reliance will be placed on surface

geology in the KMERZ.

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that emanates from

geothermal systems. Thus, if radon is detected at the surface and

particularly near faults or vents, this suggests a geothermal fluid

may be close by or may have been close by. Cox (1980) did a passive

radon survey from Kaohe Homesteads to Cape Kumakahi. This survey

-14-

delineated a radon anomaly that was elongated along the axis of the

rift zone but with a very irregular shape. Interestingly, all three

wells that failed to encounter geothermal fluids were drilled

outside the radon anomaly. All four productive wells were drilled

within the anomaly. The radon anomaly comes up to the boundary

between Kaohe Homesteads and the Puna Forest Reserve suggesting a

high degree of probability that a geothermal resource extends into

the proposed development area. At the boundary, the radon anomaly

is 3 Km wide and stretches across the rift zone from about Iilewa

Crater to the northwest corner of Kaohe Homesteads.

Recently, reports in the literature (Iovenitti, 1985) have indicated

that the Kapoho State Wells #1 and #2 have produced dry steam. If

true, the resource description may have to be altered to take this

into account. Although the reservoir is liquid-dominated, there may

be areas dry steam is present. If in fact the produced fluid is dry

steam, it will be a much easier task to produce, transport,

utilize, and dispose of the geothermal fluids. However, plans for

drilling and development anticipate a two-phase resource.

A Statewide Geothermal Resource Assessment (DLNR, 1984) concluded

that the proposed development area has high geothermal potential.

In fact half of the development area has a probability of 90% or

greater of encountering a resource with temperatures above 125

degrees C. The other half has a 25% to 90% probability of

encountering the same type of resource.

-15-

Within the proposed development area, recent lava flows have

occurred in 1961, 1963, 1977, and 1985. Steaming ground at

Heiheiahulu has also been reported indicating that a heat source is

in the vicinity.

Information about the proposed development area indicates that there

is a high probability that a resource will be discovered which is

sufficient evidence to justify exploratory drilling. See Appendix D

to Revised Environmental Impact Statement for Kahauale'a (June 1982)

and DLNR Report 1985.

b. Surface & Ground Water Resources

There are no known surface streams or natural water storage features

in the project area. There are pockets of standing water in areas

underlain by Pahoehoe lava in the North eastern portion of the

project area which includes the access road to the first drill site.

Ground water along the Kilauea east rift may occur as dike

impounded, perched and basal water. According to the State's report

on Geothenna 1 Resource Subzones (OPED, June 1986) "the only known

perched water exists north of Mountain View", and "Basal water

underlies all of the Kilauea east rift zone except where dikes

occur."

-16-

It is expected that all basal water in this area will be at elevated

temperatures with saline content varying from low (north side of

rift zone) to high (south side of rift zone) and therefore the water

will not be potable. This condition is evidenced in the lower

portions of the rift zone by samples of well water on the North and

South sides of the rift zone and within the rift zone. Analysis of

water samples taken before injection of production well effluent

will be used to verify that the basal water in the middle rift

zone is non-potable as has been observed in the lower rift zone.

11. Environmental Monitoring Plans and Programs

The D & 0 prescribed environmental monitoring plans and programs are

submitted separately to OLNR for ministerial approval.

12. Development Plans

(Plans for the development of a discovered resource will be

submitted to DLNR for approval when it has been determined that such

resources are suitable for production and a demand for the energy at

a specified level has been established.)

-17-

Metes and Bounds Description

Access Road and Drilling Site for Geothermal Development Activities

Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone,

Campbell Estate Property TMK 1-2-10:1

and TMK 1-2-10:3

State of Hawaii Easement, Kaohe Homesteads

Designated HST Plat 804

Attachment 1 Plan of Operations

TRUE GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COMFA~V 895 WESr RIVEr~ CROSS ROA.D

i : u 8

:I ) ?.

December 16, 1988 . ) '·-;

' t ~-11 i

96801

Dear Mr. Lewin:

Subject: Plans and Permits Pertaining to Geothermal Exploration Drilling

The Board of Land and Natural Resources by Decision and Order of April 11, 1986, (CDUA No. HA-12/20/85), has authorized development of geothermal resources on Camp be 11 Estate 1 ands in l<il auea middle east rift zone, Puna District, Island of Hawaii, TMK 1-2-10:3; The Decision and Order permits the incrementa 1 exp 1 oration and development of resources sufficient to produce 100mw of geothermal generated electricity. True/Mid-Pacific geothermal venture will undertake this geothermal project development under a sub-lease agreemen~·~><€~ll , Estate.

The description and nature of the activities associated with exploration and development of geothermal resources were set forth in the revised Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for Kahauale'a, June 1982, and the Final Supplemental EIS for Kahauale'a dated February 1986. In addition, there is an extensively detailed public record of all aspects of this planned project as a result of five contested case hearings since its inception in 1981. The potential environmental impacts of geothermal exploration and development activities on ambient air quality in relation to project site meteorological conditions were among the principal areas of inquiry during these contested hearings and constitute a significant portion of the public record.

The remaining government approvals that must be obtai ned before geotherma 1 exploration drilling can be initiated are as follows:

I) Plan of Operations and Permit to Drill - DLNR. 2) Air Quality/Meteorological Monitoring Plan - Health Department. 3) Authority-to-Construct geothermal exploration wells - Health

Department.

The Air Quality/Meteorological Monitoring Plan, enclosure (1), and the application of Authority-to-Construct geothermal exploration wells, enclosure (2), are submitted for review and approval. Please provide a copy of your

decision on the Air Quality/Meteorological Monitoring Plan to the Department of Land and Natural Resources.

If there are questions or requirements for additional information, please contact our offices at 521-9004 or 528-3496.

Very truly yours,


H.A. True III Partner

HAT II 1/fkc

Encls.: (1) Air Quality/Meteorological Monitoring Plan (2) Authority to Construct Application

c: DLNR (Division of Water and Land Development) w/o encls ...

Thermasource,Nc. GEOTIIERMAL CONSULTING SERVICES

November 25, 1994

Mr. Hank True True Geothermal Energy company River Cross Road Casper, WY 82602

Re: Condition of Well KA1-1, KMERZ

Dear Hank,

t~ •

": _....,

(._ ·;

c..... :r-~ ~

The enclosed report contains my op~n~on concerning the current structural integrity of Well KA1-1. I believe that the well is in good condition, is structurally intact, and is safe to operate. This opinion is based on analysis of a pressure-temperature-spinner (PTS) survey completed on october 29, 1994, and a caliper log of the 13-3/8" casing. The PTS log was run to a depth of 5763' where an obstruction, probably some fine formation material, was encountered. Throughout the logged interval from surface to 5763', there is no indication of any fluid movement in the wellbore and the temperature profile is not anomalous.

An internal caliper of the 13-3/8 11 casing was conducted on October 30, 1994. Because of the angle in the hole, the caliper arm could not extend out fully for a portion of the calipered interval. However the caliper did provide sufficient information to conclude that the 13-3/8" casing is not parted or structurally compromised at any point.

If you have any questions concerning this report, please call me at (707) 523-2960.

Yoktruly,

P-!4~ · Gerald N' i Vice-Pre · ent

encl:

cc: Allan Kawada

725 Farmers Lane • P.O. Box 1236 • Santa Rosa, Califorqia 95402 • 17071 523-2960 • FAX 17071 523-1029

.. ''

Condition of Well KA1-1

Purpose: The purpose of this report is to assess the condition

of Well KA1-1, an exploratory geothermal well drilled in the

Kilauea Middle East Rift Zone (KMERZ) on the Big Island.

Historical Perspectiye: Well KA1-1 was spudded in November 1989

by True/Mid-Pacific Geothermal Venture on lands leased from the

Estate of James campbell. The well is located in the Kilauea

Middle East Rift Geothermal Sub-Zone (See Figure 1), at an

elevation of 1504' above sea level.

The original hole was drilled to a depth of 6944' after setting

and cementing 13-3/8" casing (68 ppf, 12.415" I. D., 12.259"

Drift) from surface to 3370' in two stages. on January 27,

1990, the open hole section of the well was abandoned with

cement plugs and redrilled from the shoe of the 13-3/8" casing.

Redrill #1 reached a total depth of 8741' with a 9-5/8" casing

liner set and cemented from 3153' to 6572', and the remainder of

the well was drilled with an 8-1/2" bit and left uncased.

Following a flow test, a decision was made to abandon this

redrill with cement plugs, cut a window in the 13-3/8" casing,

and redrill to a new bottomhole location.

On March 5, 1990, operations on Redrill #2 commenced. After

resetting a 9-5/8" liner from 2895' to 4550', the well was

Page 1

drilled with an 8-1/2" bit to 7824'. After testing was

completed on April 25, 1990, operations were suspended until

August 9, 1990. At that time, the well was abandoned with

cement plugs and Redrill #3 was begun. A second window was cut

in the 13-3/8" casing from 2764' to 2778' and the well

redrilled. A 9-5/8" liner was set from 2485' to 5335' and an

8-1/2" open hole drilled to total depth of 7657'. Because of

sloughing problems, the open hole section was plugged back with

cement. Redrill #4 was started on October 1, 1990 from beneath

the 9-5/8" casing. This redrill was drilled with an 8-1/2" bit

to 7850'. A 7 11 slotted liner was set in the open hole section

from 5115' to 7850'. The well was completed on October 10,

1990. This is the current configuration of the well. A sketch

showing the original hole and the four redrills is shown on

Figure 2. After testing the well, a pressure and temperature

survey was conducted to 7500', and then operations were

suspended on December 19, 1990. During the testing operations,

the drill string with an 8-1/2 11 bit passed through the entire

wellbore. At the time that the well was suspended, there were

no indications of any structural problems with the well.

The primary reason for this conclusion is that the information

from the pressure-temperature-spinner (PTS) survey shows no

anomalous characteristics. The logging operation was stopped at

7500' because the hole temperature reached 660° F, the tool

limit. The fluid in the wellbore was still in a transition

phase from steam to liquid. As such, pressures were less than

Page 2

hydrostatic. Any substantial breach in the casing would have

caused cool water to drain into the wellbore. No indication of

this appears on the log as the spinner survey shows no movement

beyond tool velocity. The cooling that is occurring is caused

by the shallow ground water aquifer at 1000' to 1700'. No

temperature anomaly occurs in the 9-5/8" cased section from

2485' to 5335'. As mentioned earlier, any collapse in the

13-3/8" casing would have prevented the drill bit from reaching

bottom a few days before.

Subsequently another PTS survey was conducted on April 24, 1991.

Again the 3" logging tool itself passed through the wellbore

until encountering a bridge of soft material at 6350'. The

pressure, temperature, and spinner survey showed no fluid

movement in the wellbore. The static fluid level was located at

880'. Except for the ground water aquifer, there were no

isothermal zones indicated. This leads to the conclusion that

reservoir temperatures are not migrating up the hole.

current Information: On october 29, 1994, another PTS survey was

conducted. The 3 11 logging tool reached a depth of 5763' before

encountering an obstruction, reported by the logger to be

something "soft" similar to that reported in April 1991. The

spinner indicates static conditions in the wellbore. The

pressure and temperature profil~s shew the ground water aquifer

and little else. No high temperature isothermal zones were

detected. Maximum te~perature was 450°. The static ~ater level

Page 3

was detected at 950' which is above the top of the ground water.

Thus it can be concluded that the wellbore is not in

communication with the ground water aquifer located between

1000' and 1700'. Obviously if the two were in communication,

the water levels would be identical. Furthermore, it would be

likely that the ground water (being denser) would be migrating

downhole and the cooling effect would be much larger. There is

no evidence of that. Temperatures are cooler compared to the

April 1991 survey, which could be attributed in part to poorer

communication with reservoir fluids below.

On October 30, 1994, an attempt to caliper the upper 13-3/8"

section of the well was attempted. An X-Y caliper failed to

operate due to electronic problems. A backup single arm caliper

was run into the hole to the approximate bottom of the 13-3/8"

section at 2450'. In a vertical or nearly vertical hole, the

caliper should provide an accurate measure of the internal

diameter of the casing. The tool operated properly throughout,

although at times the measurements were not representative

because of improper tool orientation. Where the hole is near

vertical, the measurements were representative of the casing

size as from 1500' to the surface, where the caliper shows the

I.D. of the

with 68 ppf,

casing to be 12"

13-3/8 11 casing

12.259" to 12.415".

to 12.4". This is right in line

which should range in I.D. from

From 2425' to 1500', the tool was not oriented perpendicular to

Page 4

the casing axis, thus the measurements reflect only partial

opening of the tool. The partial opening is caused when the

tool is laying on the low side of the hole and the caliper arms

do not have sufficient spring tension to force the proper

orientation. (See Figure 3) Although the measurements are

correct, they are not measuring the maximum I.D. Inspection of

the log shows that the casing is open to least 9", and there is

little risk in concluding that the casing is full gauge. It

would be strange indeed for casing to collapse so uniformly,

collars and all, for 765'. At 1650' the tool seemed to begin

orienting toward a position perpendicular to the casing axis.

This also correlates with the point when the hole angle

decreased to less than 1 degree.

at 1620' it was 1/2°.)

(At 1750', the angle was 1°;

As further proof that the caliper did in fact function

accurately, the section from 425' to 460' shows an increase in

diameter to 12-3/4 11 •

liner hanger which

This

has

correlates with the location 13-3/8"

an I.D. of 12-3/4". The caliper

measurement at the surface indicates a reading of 6" which is

the diameter of the lubricator, again verifying the fact that

the caliper was providing accurate measurements.

As a final point, there has been no activity since 1990 that

would cause casing that was in good condition to collapse. Both

the PTS and Cal1per logs are included with this report.

Page 5

summary and Conclusions: In summary, there have been three

pressure-temperature-spinner surveys taken on KA1-1 since the

well last discharged geothermal fluids in December 1990. (See

Figures 4 & 5) Data from all three surveys indicate no fluid

movement within the wellbore and no problems with structural

integrity. Furthermore, a caliper shows the 13-3/8" casing to

be full gauge from 1550' to the surface. Minor, if any, scaling

or corrosion is indicated. There is every reason to believe

that the 13-3/8 11 casing is intact, i.e. not parted, along its

entire length. If it were, the caliper would have detected it

regardless of orientation. Tool orientation problems with the

caliper precluded representative measurements from 1550' to

2425', however it is believed that the casing is full gauge.

Although there is fill at the bottom of the well, the wellbore

is still in communication with the geothermal reservoir as

evidenced by the fact that the static fluid level has moved

since 1991. From surface to 5763', the well is structurally

intact and safe to operate. It is probably in good condition

below 5763' all the way to total depth of 7850', but this

interval could not be surveyed.

November 25, 1994

Paqe 6

0 10 20 miles

0~---,~0~~2~0~--~ Contour il"'ltrvol 1000 lut

'System 't-

1-

\

"' c. '< LOIHI '< SEAMOUNT

kilometers

.···

•• • •• ••• Pronc•pol r1ft zone

•• • • • • • • • SuborCionott rofl zone

Known fovrt system lsymbol ind•cotes downthrown side)

---- Su~pected foul! system

.J.. .J.. ...J... Mo1or submor•nt slump boundones

Map showing volcanic rift zones and faults on the island of Hawaii. (Submarine slumps after Normor~ 1·1 a/ .. 1978.1

FIGURE 1

LOCATION OF KA 1-1

DEPTH <FT>

'OH" 'RD =1" 'RD #2" 'RD # 3'

0-

'v/ELL PROFILE ' ur: c.nd KAl-l RT' .LS

TRUE/MID-PACIFIC GEOTHERMAL VEt;TURE J 20' csg @ 704' G.L =1504' MSL 1000-

2000-

3000-

4000-

5000-

6000-

7000-

8000-

9000-

_!, 13-3/8' csg @ 3370'

12-1/4' open hole

6944' MD 6943' TVD

<Plug bock to 13-?18" cos;ng

shoe for RD ;±))

-

Cut w;ndow I froM

309!'-3126' for

Cut w;ndow ~froM 2764'-2778 for RD 113

l RD 112 _

9-5/8' t;ner

3153'-6572'

8-1/2' open hole

_J

-

9-5/8' Uner 2895'-4550'

8-1/2' open hole

7824' MD 7383' TVD

-

9-5/8' l;ner

2485'-5335'

8-1/2' open hole

7657' MD 7313' TVD

L <Plug bock to <Plug bock to 9-5/8' casing shoe for RD 114)

8741' MD 9-5/8' shoe) 7880' TVD

<Pluq bock to 9-5/8' shoe)

'RD #4'

9-5/8' Uner

2485'-5335'

_Jl

I I I

J

8-l/2' open hole w;th 7' slotted l;ner 5115'-7850'

7850' MD 7463' TVD

FIGURE 2

o.rM

body

2425' - 1650'

Tool on low side o.rM extension liMited

13-3/8', 68 ppf co.sing NoM ID = 12.259' - 12.415'

1650' - 1550'

As o.ngle decreo.ses, tool

o.rM Moves towo.rds proper

position

0 - 1550'

Correct Meo.sureMent

Per-for'MQnce of [Qliper

KA1-1 Logging

10/30/94

FIGURE 3

;:::

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Temperature - Degrees F

N 0 0

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0

10/29/94

TEMPERATURE PROFILES KA1-1

r..n 0 0

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'-I 0 0

4/24/91

12/18/90

FrGURE 4

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LIST OF LOGS

1. PTS LOG, scale: 1 "= 250', logging down

2. PTS LOG, scale: 1"= 50', logging down

3. PTS LOG, scale: 1"= 250', logging up

4. PTS LOG, scale: 1"= 50', logging up

5. Caliper, scale: 1"= 250', logging up

6. Caliper, scale: 1"= 50', logging up

: .: .. : : : : : : · : · I Production Logs I :·:::;,:;~. . ::·:: .. ;::·:·1:~·::

COMPANY: WELL: FIELD: COUNTY:

LOCATION:

True Geothermal Energy Co. KA-1 KHERZ

PERMANENT DATUM: K.B. 27" ELEV.:

STATE: Hawaii

SEC. TWP. RGE.

LOG MEASURED FROM: K .B DRILLING MEASURED FROM: K .B.

DATE: RUN NO. TYPE LOG DEPTH - DRILLER DEPTH - LOGGER BOTTOM LOGGED INTERVAL TOP LOGGED INTERVAL TYPE FLUID IN HOLE

SALINITY PPM CL. DENSITY LB ./GAL • LEVEL

HAX • REC • PRESS . HAX. REC. TEHP. F. OPR. RIG TIHE RECORDED BY WITNESSED BY

10-29-94 one P.T.S. 7850" 5756" 5756" 27" brine

953" 1812 psia 450

H.H.I. G. Niimi

RUN DATA FILE NAME

1 2 3 4 5

L/H

KA1.L1 KA1.D5

REMARKS:

SIZE

13-3/8" 9-5/8" 7"

PERFS:

ELEVATIONS

KB. 27 • OF. GL.

UNIT It TOOL It LENGHT: 13.0" DIA.: 3.0"

OTHER SERVICES: Sinker Bar Caliper

CASING RECORD

WGT.

TYPE

slots

FROM

0 2485" 5115"

FROH

5115"

TO

3370" 5335" 7850"

TO

7850"

TEMPERATURE 500°F

LOGRATE 300-FPM

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COMPANY: True Geothermal Energy Co. WELL: KA-1 FIELD: KMERZ COUNTY: STATE: Hawaii

LOCATION: SEC. TWP. RGE.

PERMANENT DATUM: K.B. 27' ELEV.: LOG MEASURED FROM: K.B DRILLING MEASURED FROM: K.B.

DATE: 10-29-94 ELEVATIO NS RUN NO. one TYPE LOG p. T.S. KB. 27' DEPTH - DRILLER 7850' OF. DEPTH - LOGGER 5756' GL. BOTTOM LOGGED INTERVAL 5756' TOP LOGGED INTERVAL 27' TYPE FLUID IN HOLE brine UNIT It

SALINITY PPM CL. TOOL It DENSITY LB./GAL. LENGHT: 13 .o' LEVEL 953' DIA.: 3. o·

MAX. REC. PRESS. 1812 psi a MAX. REC. TEMP. F. 450 OTHER SERV ICES: OPR. RIG TIME Sinker Bar RECORDED BY H.H.I. Caliper WITNESSED BY G. Niimi

RUN DATA FILE NAME CASING RECORD

1 KA1.L1 SIZE WGT. FROM TO 2 KA1.05 3 13-3/8" 0 3370' 4 9-5/8" 2485' 5335' 5 7" 5115' 7850'

PERFS: TYPE FROM TO

slots 5115' 7850'

L/H

REMARKS:

0°F TEMPERATURE 500°F

0-FPM LOGRATE 300-FPM

' I ~ iR ~

1\ \

0-PSI

0-RPS

PRESSURE RANGE

SPINNER RANGE

2,000 PSI

50-RPS

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. .·.·.·· ... : ·:::::::::::::··:::::::::·:::::::·:::::::::HOT HOLE :INSTRUMENTS: INC·~· :::·· ·. . . . ....... . !I::::::::::::::::::::.;.;.: ... ·.·.·. ::::::::::::.: .. :::>>·:.•·:::.<<<•••:::::.::::: •• :.· .............................. ::::::::::::::.................................... I ili.l·l. • •• ·.• ..• ··.··: .. •: .• • •• • •• • .. ·• ...•• ::···::.·:·::•:::• .. ·:::::::::::::::::: ::::: ....................... : ........... ·.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.; . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ................................................... ·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·::·:·:·:·:· .. . ............ .......................... . .. .:.:.:.:~~::::..... . .. : ................................... !

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II ~~~~~NY: ~~~~ Geothermal Energy Co- II

II' FIELD: KMERZ· 1,1

I COUNTY: STATE: Hawaii

I , II LOCATION: SEC. TWP - RGE - I

PERMANENT DATUM: K . B . 27 ' ELEV . : , LOG MEASURED FROM: K.B DRILLING MEASURED FROM: K.B.

DATE: RUN NO. TYPE LOG DEPTH - DRILLER 1)1.1'111 · LOGGER BOTTOM LOGGED INTERVAL TOP LOGGED INTERVAL TYPE FLUID IN HOLE

SALINITY PPM CL. II DENSITY LB./GAL

LEVEL II MAX REC PRESS - - -

MAX. REC. TEMP. F. OPR. RIG TIME RECORDED BY WITNESSED BY I

II RUN I DATA FILE I I

I 1 I

KA1.L1 ' 2 KA1.D5

I 3 I 4 I

II i 5 I

II I II

I II

10-29-94 one P.T.S. 7850' 5756' 5756' 27' brine

953' 1812 psia 450

H.H.I. G. Niimi

NAME

i I

I I

I i

I CASING

I SIZE WGT.

I 13-3/8" 9-5/8"

I I

7" I

I I

I i

I

ELEVATIONS

KB. 27' DF. GL.

UNIT # TOOL # LENGHT: DIA.:

13.0' 3 .o'·


RECORD

FROM TO

II II

II

II II

II I I

I I

I I

0 3370' 2485.! 5335 .I

I 5115 •

1

I

7850'

I

I I

II II I ! - I I I il PERFS- TYPE FROM I TO ..

II slots 5115 • : 7850 ·II ~~~--------------------L---~----~----~1 --~111

II I I I

REMARKS:

I

0°F TEMPERATURE

300-FPM LOGRATE

' F I

I I

I '

I I I

'

I ' '

I

'

' \

I

I I

~_L I r

I

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LOCATION:

True Geothermal Energy Co. KA-1 KMERZ

PERMANENT DATUM: K.B. 27' ELEV.:

STATE: Hawaii

SEC. TWP. RGE.

LOG MEASURED FROM: K.B DRILLING MEASURED FROM: K.B.

DATE: RUN NO. TYPE LOG DEPTH - DRILLER DEPTH - LOGGER BOTTOM LOGGED INTERVAL TOP LOGGED INTERVAL TYPE FLUID IN HOLE

SALINITY PPM CL. DENSITY LB./GAL. LEVEL

MAX. REC. PRESS. MAX. REC. TEMP. F. OPR. RIG TIME RECORDED BY WITNESSED BY

10-29-94 one p. T.S. 7850' 5756' 5756' 27' brine

953' 1812 psia 450

H.H.I. G. Niimi

RUN DATA FILE NAME

1 2 3 4 5

II L/H

KA1.L1 KA1.05

II REMARKS:

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COMP ANY: True Geothermal Energy Co. WEL L: KA-1 FIE LD: KMERZ cou NTY: STATE: Hawaii

LOC ATION: SEC. TWP. RGE.

PERM ANENT DATUM: K.B. 27' ELEV.: LOG MEASURED FROM: K.B DRILLING MEASURED FROM: K.B.

OAT E: 10-30-94 ELEVATIO NS RUN NO. two TYPE LOG Caliper KB. 27. DEP TH - DRILLER 7850' OF. DEP TH - LOGGER 2458' GL. BOT TOM LOGGED INTERVAL 2458' TOP LOGGED INTERVAL 27' TYPE FLUID IN HOLE brine UNIT #

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MAX. REC. PRESS. MAX. REC. TEMP. F. OTHER SERV ICES: OPR. RIG TIME REC ORDED BY H.H.I. WIT NESSED BY G. Niimi

RUN DATA FILE NAME CASING RECORD

1 KA1.CLC SIZE WGT. FROM TO 2 3 13-3/8" 0 3370' 4 9-5/8" 2485' 5335' 5 7" 5115' 7850'

PERFS: TYPE FROM TO

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LOCATION:

True Geothermal Energy Co. KA-1 KMERZ

PERMANENT DATUM: K .B. 27' ELEV.:

STATE: Hawaii

SEC. TWP. RGE.

LOG MEASURED FROM: K.B DRILLING MEASURED FROM: K.B.

D ATE: 10-30-94 ELEVATIONS R UN NO. two T YPE LOG Caliper KB. 27. D EPTH - DRILLER 7850' OF. D EPTH - LOGGER 2458' GL. B OTTOM LOGGED INTERVAL 2458' T OP LOGGED INTERVAL 27' T YPE FLUID IN HOLE brine UNIT tt

SALINITY PPM CL. TOOL tt DENSITY LB./GAL. LENGHT: LEVEL 953' DIA.:

M AX. REC. PRESS. M AX. REC. TEMP. F. OTHER SERVICES: 0 PR. RIG TIME R ECORDED BY H.H.I. w ITNESSED BY G. Niimi

R UN DATA FILE NAME CASING RECORD

1 KA1.CLC SIZE WGT. FROM TO 2 3 13-3/8" 0 3370' 4 9-5/8" 2485' 5335' 5 7" 5115' 7850'

PERFS: TYPE FROM TO

slots 5115' 7850'

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