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Mohammed Mohammed NawasrehNawasrehMusa Musa ReshaydatReshaydat
NEW & OLD OIL SHALE RESERVES IN NEW & OLD OIL SHALE RESERVES IN
JORDAN:JORDAN:
COMPARATIVE STUDYCOMPARATIVE STUDY
OUTLINESOUTLINES
DefinitionsDefinitions
Oil shale occurrencesOil shale occurrences
Geological SettingGeological Setting
Previous ActivitiesPrevious Activities
Properties of Oil Shale DepositsProperties of Oil Shale Deposits
Investment OpportunityInvestment Opportunity
•• Jordan possesses a large reserve of oil Jordan possesses a large reserve of oil shale deposits that represent a significant shale deposits that represent a significant energy source which may lead to energy energy source which may lead to energy selfself--sufficiency.sufficiency.
DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS•• JORDANIAN OIL SHALE:JORDANIAN OIL SHALE: kerogenkerogen--rich, argillaceous rich, argillaceous
bituminous marl, bituminous chalk marl, bituminous bituminous marl, bituminous chalk marl, bituminous limestone and bituminous dolomatic limestone, containing limestone and bituminous dolomatic limestone, containing immature organic matter that, when it is heated to above immature organic matter that, when it is heated to above 500500 ° °C, produces oil and gas. C, produces oil and gas.
•• COLORCOLOR:: light brown to brown, grey to dark grey & black. light brown to brown, grey to dark grey & black.
LOCATIONS LOCATIONS
Major deposits of commercial scale are located Major deposits of commercial scale are located
south of Amman in central Jordansouth of Amman in central Jordan..
More thanMore than 23 23 known deposits of oil shale are known deposits of oil shale are
present at the surface and near the surface.present at the surface and near the surface.
8 8 of which were investigated to different levels, of which were investigated to different levels,
namely namely ElEl--LajjunLajjun, , SultaniSultani, , JurfJurf EdEd--DarawishDarawish, ,
Attarat Um GhudranAttarat Um Ghudran, , WadiWadi MagharMaghar, , SiwaqaSiwaqa, , Khan Khan
ElEl--ZabibZabib and Eland El--ThamadThamad..
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICSGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Oil shale occurs within the lower part of the Oil shale occurs within the lower part of the MCM Formation (MCM Formation (CampanianCampanian--MaestrichtianMaestrichtian).).
The Formation consists of limestone, marl, The Formation consists of limestone, marl, chalk, shales and phosphates.chalk, shales and phosphates.
Oil shale generally is not exposed, but is at Oil shale generally is not exposed, but is at shallow depth, with almost horizontal beds. shallow depth, with almost horizontal beds.
The overburden is sedimentary rock, The overburden is sedimentary rock, unconsolidated to moderately consolidated, unconsolidated to moderately consolidated, consisting of marl and chalk with some gravels consisting of marl and chalk with some gravels and silt at the top. and silt at the top.
GravelsGravels
ChalkChalk
MarlMarl
Chalk Chalk lstlst
OVERBURDEN SECTIONOVERBURDEN SECTION
GravelsGravels
Slightly Bituminized Marly
Slightly Bituminized Marly
LimestoneLimestone
MarlMarl
Chalk Chalk lstlst
ChalkChalk
Oil ShaleOil Shale
OVERBURDEN SECTION OF OVERBURDEN SECTION OF LAJJUNLAJJUN
OpenOpen--pit in Sultani Depositpit in Sultani Deposit
ChalkMarl
Chalkymarl
Bituminized Marly Lst
Oil shale
PREVIOUS ACTIVITIESPREVIOUS ACTIVITIES
•• 1915 1915 -- Germany/Ottoman Empire produced Germany/Ottoman Empire produced shale oil. shale oil.
•• During the last 30 years, NRA has been carrying During the last 30 years, NRA has been carrying out extensive geological studies to determine out extensive geological studies to determine the oil shale quantities and qualities in Jordan.the oil shale quantities and qualities in Jordan.
•• In 1979, BGR evaluated oil shale deposits in In 1979, BGR evaluated oil shale deposits in central Jordan (Elcentral Jordan (El--LajjunLajjun, , JurfJurf EdEd--DarawishDarawish, El, El--HisaHisa and and SultaniSultani).).
•• In 1980, a prefeasibility study by In 1980, a prefeasibility study by TechnopromTechnoprom to to determine the feasibility of direct burning the oil determine the feasibility of direct burning the oil shale for 300shale for 300-- 400MW of power400MW of power
•• In 1980, German company In 1980, German company LurgiLurgi--RuhrgasRuhrgas carried carried out two prefeasibility studies for a 50,000 out two prefeasibility studies for a 50,000 bbl/day retorting complex using LR process and bbl/day retorting complex using LR process and upgrading units, and 300 MW Power plant using upgrading units, and 300 MW Power plant using LurgiLurgi’’ss CFB technology.CFB technology.
•• In 1985, (Sinopec) with Chinese Institutions In 1985, (Sinopec) with Chinese Institutions carried out a test in order to determine carried out a test in order to determine feasibility of a Fushunfeasibility of a Fushun––type retort. The test type retort. The test proved the technical viability of extracting shale proved the technical viability of extracting shale oil from Eloil from El--LajjunLajjun oil shale.oil shale.
•• In 1986, In 1986, the German Consortium the German Consortium KlocknerKlockner --LurgiLurgi concluded an updated prefeasibility study concluded an updated prefeasibility study for the previous study.for the previous study.
•• In 1987, Jordan Electricity, MEMR and NRA In 1987, Jordan Electricity, MEMR and NRA commissioned direct combustion studies using commissioned direct combustion studies using SultaniSultani oil shale deposit with BBC, Engineering oil shale deposit with BBC, Engineering Combustion Combustion LummusLummus Canada and Canada and PuroPuro--Power Power (USA). The test demonstrated that (USA). The test demonstrated that SultaniSultani oil oil shale is suitable as fuel.shale is suitable as fuel.
•• In 1997, Shell Co. drilled and carried out In 1997, Shell Co. drilled and carried out borehole testing in borehole testing in ThammadThammad and Khan and Khan ZabibZabibareas for Inareas for In--situ processing technique.situ processing technique.
•• 19981998--2000, Suncor carried out exploration and 2000, Suncor carried out exploration and testing on oil shale in testing on oil shale in LajjunLajjun for oil extraction.for oil extraction.
OUTCROP IN OUTCROP IN YARMOUKYARMOUK RIVERRIVER
Old ReservesOld Reserves
•• More than More than 65 Billion tons65 Billion tons as geological reserves of oil as geological reserves of oil
shale has been estimated in Jordan.shale has been estimated in Jordan.
•• 4040 Billion tons recorded in Central Jordan.Billion tons recorded in Central Jordan.
•• Could provide Could provide 4 Billion4 Billion tons of tons of crude oilcrude oil (Average 10% (Average 10%
oil content in rock).oil content in rock).
•• Calculated total reserves equal to Calculated total reserves equal to 2626 BillionBillion barrels barrels
ofofcrudecrude oiloil
•• Jordan is ranked number Jordan is ranked number 88thth among the world shale oil among the world shale oil
reserves.reserves.
SUMMARY OF MAIN DEPOSITSSUMMARY OF MAIN DEPOSITS
WadiMagh
ar
Attarat Um El-
Ghudran
Jurf Ed-Darawish
SultaniEl-Lajjun
> 3952261502420.4AREA (km2)
404563.831.629.6Av. thickness oil shale (m)
40.553.247.369.325.8Av. thickness of overburden
(m)
3160011300800011301196Geological reserves (Mt)
216001040025009891170Proved & Indicated
reserve (Mt)
Chemical and physical propertiesChemical and physical properties
Jurf Ed-Darawish
SultaniEl-Lajjun
5.77.510.5Av. oil content (wt%)
1821.522.1Total organic matter (wt%)
86412101590Calorific value (kcal/kg)
69.1146.954.3CaCO3 (wt%)
4.34.44.8SO3 (wt%)
2.11.961.81Bulk density (g/cm3)
2.82.62.43Moisture (wt%)
……Further InformationFurther Information
C. value (kj/kg)
Densityg/cm3
S%
Ash %Moisture%
69061.813.154.72.15El-Lajjun
63801.962.455.55.5Sultani
46032.12.458.44.5Jurf E Darawish
72351.82.653.23.25Attarat Ghudran
47732.032.657.52.9Wadi Maghar
69061.83.254.72.5Eth-Thamad
Chemical Composition of Oil shaleChemical Composition of Oil shale
Jurf Ed-Darawish
SultaniEl-Lajjun
16.326.2616.13SiO2%0.160.130.16TiO2%3.762.873.77Al2O3%
1.551.121.55Fe2O3%
0.00n.D0.01MnO%0.190.950.85Mn2O3%38.3726.330.43CaO %
0.10.270.1Na2O%0.181.370.00K2O%1.533.483.3P2O5%4.734.384.83SO3%39.533.038.13LOI %
1050-8600
1020-7500
3341-4665
2371-6790
1400-8130
1930-8980
1010-9760
Cal. Value KJ/Kg
1.36-1.761.74-1.91.34-1.91.5-1.891.87-1.991.8-1.91.8-2.1B. Den.g/Cm3
2.312.371.2-3.20.6-2.73.2-6.52.6-5.50.27-4.3Sulfur%
72.4-94.259.4-91.248-9474.4-8874-9475-90.576.7-93.4Spent Shale%
6.8-14.2 0.36-24.30.1-12.60.2-2.570.6-5.20.6-12.60.62-10.6Moi. Wt%
81-188119-19613-10821-10418.6-1572-651-87Oil Shale
Th.(m)
83-14551-14733-7036-15533-5834-907-78OB Th.(m)
Min-MaxMin-MaxMin-MaxMin-MaxMin-MaxMin-MaxMin-Max
51937623155156B.H Drilled
8.27.67.88.797.87.510AV. Oil Cont.%
39166253401507520.4Area Km2
5.86.240.823.122.121.11.2Pr. Reserve BT
Khan Al ZabebThamadW. MagharAttartJ DarawishSultniEl Lajjun
Ali Ghannam 4/10/2008 NRA Total Reserve: 100.3 B.T
New Exploration 2006-2008
100.3Total
????Siwaqa (NRA 2008)
1.2Lajjun
1.1Sultani
5.8Khan Al Zabib (NRA 2008)
6.2Athamad (NRA 2008)
22.12*** Jurf Ad Darawish (Hufnagel 1985)
23.1** Wadi Attarat Umm Ghudran (NRA 2008)
40.8 * Wadi Maghar (NRA 2008)
PROVEN RESERVE BTAREA NAME
Ali Ghannam 4/10/2008 NRA Total Reserve: 100.3 B.T
Investment OpportunityInvestment Opportunity
•• Huge reservesHuge reserves•• Good quality Good quality •• Offering favorable mining conditions:Offering favorable mining conditions:
•• Shallow and suitable for surface mining.Shallow and suitable for surface mining.•• Low Stripping ratio (Av. 1:1 in general).Low Stripping ratio (Av. 1:1 in general).•• Beds are horizontal and structurally Beds are horizontal and structurally
undisturbed.undisturbed.•• Soft to moderate overburden rocks.Soft to moderate overburden rocks.
•• Located in remote or thinly populated areasLocated in remote or thinly populated areas•• Have good roads connected with asphalted Have good roads connected with asphalted
highways.highways.
Drilling activities in Attarat areaDrilling activities in Attarat area
OPEN PIT IN EL OPEN PIT IN EL LAJJUNLAJJUN
GENERAL VIEW OF EL GENERAL VIEW OF EL LAJJUNLAJJUN
THANK YOU THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTIONFOR YOUR ATTENTION