GLOSARIO DE CONTROL DE SURGENCIAS EN POZOS PETROLÍFEROS

A1. abnormal pressure: Pore pressure in excess of that pressure resulting from the hydrostatic pressure exerted by a vertical column of water with salinity normal for the geographic area.

presión anormal

2. accumulator: on a drilling rig, the accumulator stores hydraulic fluid under pressure from pressure from compressed hydrogen for closing the blowout preventer in an emergency. The accumulator is a vessel or tank used to receive and temporarily store a liquid used in a continuous process in a plant.

(tanque) acumulador

3. acetic acid: an organic acid compound, sometimes used to acidize oil wells.ácido acético

4. acid fracture: hydraulic pressure is applied to potentially carbonate (limestone/dolomite) formations, opening cracks, or causing the formation to split open forming a fracture by using a combination of oil and acid or water under high pressure.

fracturación ácida

5. acidize: to treat oil-bearing limestone or other formations, using a chemical reaction with acid, to increase production. Hydrochloric or other acid is injected into formation under pressure. The acid etches the rock, enlarging the pore spaces and passages through which the reservoir fluids flow. The acid is then pumped out, and the well is swabbed and put back into production. Chemical additives and inhibitors are combined with the acid to react selectively with formation rock without attacking metal well equipment.

acidificar

6. air cutting: the inadvertent mechanical incorporation and dispersion of air into a drilling-fluid system.

corte con aire

7. annular space: the space around a pipe in a wellbore, the outer wall of which may be the wall of either the borehole or the casing, sometimes termed “annulus”.

espacio anular

B

8. back pressure: the pressure maintained on equipment or systems through which a fluid flows.

contrapresión

9. barite: natural barium sulfate used for increasing the density of drilling fluids.baritina

10. barrel: a measure of volume for petroleum products. One barrel is the equivalent of 42 US gallons, or 0.159 cubic meter. One cubic meter is 6.28 barrels.

barril

11. basket: a device used to catch debris from drillable tools, perforators, etc.cesto

12. bell nipple: a short length of tubular goods installed in the top of the blowout preventer. The top and end of the nipple is expanded, or belled, to guide the drill tools into the hole and usually has side connections for the fill line and mud-return line.

niple campana

13. bent sub: a short cylindrical device installed in a drill stem between the bottom-most collar and a downhole mud motor. The purpose of the bent sub is to deflect the mud motor off the vertical to drill a directional hole.

sustituto de desviación

14. bentonite: a plastic, colloidal clay, largely made up of mineral sodium montmorillonite (a hydrated aluminum silicate) that swells when wet. It is a major component of drilling muds.

bentonita

15. bit: the cutting or boring element used on the end of a workstring or drill pipe to remove the earth in creating or cleaning out a wellbore. It consists of a cutting element and a circulating element.

trépano

16. blast joint: a heavy-wall sub positioned in the producing string opposite perforations, to deflect the well’s jetting action.

junta de abrasión

17. bleed (to): to drain off liquid or gas, generally slowly, through a valve called a bleeder.purgar

18. blind rams: also called “blank rams”, they seal against each other to effectively close the hole.

esclusas ciegas

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19. blind ram preventer: a blowout preventer in which blind rams are the closing elements. See blind rams.

preventor de esclusas ciegas

20. blowout: an uncontrolled flow of gas, oil, or other well fluids into the atmosphere, or into another zone. A blowout, or gusher, occurs when formation pressure exceeds the pressure applied to it by the column of drilling fluid. A kick warns of an impending blowout.

reventón

21. blowout preventer (BOP): the equipment installed at the wellhead to prevent the escape of pressure either in the annular space between the casing and drill pipe or in an open hole (i.e., hole with no drill pipe) during drilling or completion operations.

BOP

22. blowout preventer stack: assembly of well control equipment including preventers, spools, valves, and nipples connected to the top of the wellhead.

conjunto de BOP

23. borehole: the wellbore; the hole made by drilling or boring.pozo

24. bottom hole pressure: depending upon context, either a pressure exerted by a column of fluid contained in the wellbore or the formation pressure at the depth of interest.

presión de fondo de pozo

25. bullheading: a term to denote pumping into a closed well without returns.inyección de fluido sin

purga

C

26. casing: steel pipe placed in an oil or gas well as drilling progresses to prevent the wall of the hole from caving during drilling and to provide a means of extracting petroleum if the well is productive.

casing

27. casing shoe: a short, heavy, hollow, cylindrical steel section with a rounded bottom that is placed on the end of the casing string to serve as a reinforcing shoe and to aid in cutting off minor projections from the borehole wall as the casing is being lowered. Also called a guide shoe.

zapato del casing

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28. cementing: the application of a liquid slurry of cement and water to various points inside or outside the casing.

cementación

29. centralizer: a device used to “centralize” casing to borehole or tubing to casing ID.centralizador

30. centrifugal pump: a pump with an impeller or rotor, an impeller shaft, and a casing, which discharges fluid by centrifugal force.

bomba centrífuga

31. choke: a device with a fixed or variable orifice installed in a line to restrict the flow and/or control the rate of production.

estrangulador/choke

32. circulate (to): to pass from one point throughout a system and back to the starting point. Completion fluid circulates from the mud tanks through the tubing string to the bottom of the well and returns through the annulus.

circular33. circulate and weight method: a method for killing well pressure in which circulation is commenced immediately and mud weight is brought up gradually, according to a definite schedule.

método de “circular y densificar”

34. circulating pressure: the pressure generated by the mud pumps and exerted on the drill stem.

presión de circulación

35. circulating rate: the volume flow rate of the circulating drilling fluid usually expressed in gallons or barrels per minute.

caudal de circulación

36. circulation: the movement of drilling fluid from the suction pit through pump, drill pipe, bit, annular space in the hole, and back again to the suction pit. The time involved is usually referred to as circulation time.

circulación

37. circulation, loss of (or lost): the result of the drilling fluid escaping into the formation by way of crevices or porous media.

pérdida de circulación

38. collar: a coupling device used to join two lengths of pipe.unión roscada

collar: a drill collar.

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portamechas

39. complete a well: to finish work on a well and bring it to productive status.terminar un pozo

40. completion fluid: any fluid used during completion or workover operations of sufficient density to control reservoir pressure, and containing properties to minimize formation damage.

fluido de terminación

41. concurrent method: see circulate and weight method.método concurrente

42. cuttings: fragments of rock dislodged by a bit and brought to surface in the drilling mud. Washed and dried samples of the cuttings are analyzed by geologists to obtain information about the formations drilled.

recortes

D

43. density: the mass or weight of a substance, often expressed in weight per volume unit.densidad

44. derrick: A large load-bearing structure, usually of bolted construction. In drilling, the standard derrick has four legs standing at the corners of the substructure and reaching to the crown block.

torre

45. differential pressure: the difference in pressure between the hydrostatic head of drilling-fluid column and the formation pressure at any given depth in the hole.

presión diferencial

46. directional drilling: intentional deviation of a wellbore from the verticalperforación direccional

47. displacement: the volume of steel in the tubular and devices inserted and/or withdrawn from the wellbore.

desplazamiento

48. drill bit: the cutting or boring element used for drilling. See bit.trépano

49. drill collar: a heavy, thick-walled tube, usually steel, used between the drill pipe and the bit in the drill stem to provide weight and/or a pendulous effect to the drill stem.

portamechas

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50. drill pipe: the heavy seamless tubing used to rotate the bit and circulate the drilling fluid.

barra de sondeo

51. drill string: the column, or string, of drill pipe with attached tool joints that transmits fluid and rotational power from the kelly to the drill collars and the bit.

sondeo

52. driller: the employee directly in charge of a drilling or workover rig and crew.perforador

53. driller’s method: a well-killing method involving two complete and separate circulations; the first vents the kick out of the well, and the second circulates heavier mud through the wellbore.

método del perforador

54. drilling fluid/mud: a circulating fluid used in rotary drilling to perform any or all of various functions required in the drilling operations.

fluido/lodo de perforación

E

55. emulsion: a substantially permanent heterogeneous liquid mixture of two or more liquids which do not normally dissolve in each other but which are held in suspension or dispersion, one in the other, by mechanical agitation or, more frequently, by adding small amounts of substances known as emulsifiers.

emulsion

56. equivalent circulating density (ECD): the sum of pressure exerted by hydrostatic head of fluid, drilled solids, and friction pressure losses in the annulus divided by depth of interest and by 0.052, if ECD is to be expressed in pounds per gallon.

densidad equivalente de circulación

F

57. fault: a geological term denoting a formation break, upward or downward in subsurface strata.

falla

58. feed-in: the flow of fluids from the formation into the well bore.afluencia

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59. final circulating pressure: Drill pipe pressure required to circulate at the selected kill rate adjusted for increase in kill drilling fluid density over the original drilling fluid density.

presión final de circulación

60. fish: an object left in the wellbore during drilling or workover operations that must be recovered before work can proceed.

pesca

61. flow: a current stream of fluid.flujo

62. flow coupling: a sub placed in the production string to limit flow velocities above and/or below other downhole tools.

collar de flujo

63. flow line: the surface pipe through which well effluent travels from a well to processing equipment or storage.

línea de salida

64. fluid: any substance that flows and yields to any force tending to change its shape. The term includes both liquids and gases.

fluido

65. fluid density: the unit weight of fluid, e.g. , pounds per gallon.densidad de fluido

66. formation: a bed or deposit composed throughout of substantially the same kind of rock; a lithologic unit.

formación

67. formation breakdown: an event occurring when borehole pressure is of such a magnitude that the exposed formation is not able to withstand applied pressure.

colapso de la formación

G

68. gas: a fluid, compressible substance that completely fills any container in which it is confined, its volume being dependent on the extent of the pressure exerted on the container.

gas

69. gas cut: gas entrained by a drilling fluid.inyección gasificada

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70. gas lift: the process of lifting fluid from a well by injecting gas down the well through tubing or through the tubing-casing annulus.

gas lift

71. gel: a semisolid, jellylike state assumed by some colloidal dispersions at rest.gel

72. guide shoe: a short, heavy , cylindrical section of steel, filled with rubber or concrete and rounded at the bottom, which is placed at the end of the casing string.

zapato guía

H

73. H2S: an abbreviation for hydrogen sulfide. ácido sulfídrico

74. hanger: a device used to “hang” and/or position tools in casing or tubing.colgador

75. hydraulic: 1. Of or relating to water or other liquid in motion. 2. Operated, moved, or affected by water or liquid.

hidráulico/a

76. hydrostatic pressure: the pressure exerted by a body of fluid at rest.presión hidrostática

I

77. initial circulating pressure: drill pipe pressure required to circulate initially at the selected kill rate while holding casing pressure at the shut-in valve.

presión inicial de circulación

78. inside blowout preventer: a valve installed in the drill stem to prevent a blowout inside the stem. BOP interno

J

79. jar: a mechanical device used to impart a blow (or hit) to a stuck tool. tijera

80. joint: a single length (30 ft., or 9.1 meters) of drill pipe or drill collar, casing, tubing, or rod that has threaded connections at both ends.

unión

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81. junk basket: a cylindrical tool designed to aid in the removal of junk, cuttings or foreign objects in a wellbore.

cesto de pesca para despojos

K

82. kick: an unscheduled, unwanted entry of water, gas, oil, or other formation fluid into the wellbore.

surgencia

83. kill: to prevent a threatened blowout by taking suitable preventive measures.ahogar (matar)

84. kill line: a high pressure line that connects the mud pump and the blowout assembly through which drilling fluid can be pumped into the hole to subdue well pressure while the preventers are closed.

línea de ahogo

85. kill rate: a predetermined fluid circulating rate, expressed in fluid volume per unit time, which is to be used to circulate under kick conditions.

caudal de ahogo

L

86. landing nipple: a sub for landing inside tubing goods, such as plugs, flow meters, logging tools, etc.

niple de asentamiento

87. leak-off rate: the rate at which a fracturing fluid leaves the fracture and enters the formation surrounding the fracture.

caudal de pérdida

88. liner: any string of casing whose top is located below the surface. cañería auxiliar de revestimiento

89. lost circulation: the loss of quantities of whole mud to a formation, usually in cavernous, fissured, or coarsely permeable beds, evidenced by the failure of the mud to return to the surface as it is being circulated into the hole.

pérdida de circulación

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M

90. macaroni rig: a workover rig, usually lightweight, that is especially built to run a string of ¾ inch and 1 inch diameter tubing.

equipo macaroni

91. make-up: connecting pipe together by hand or rotary table.enroscar

92. mandrel: a cylindrical bar, spindle, or shaft around which other parts are arranged or attached or that fits inside a cylinder or a tube.

mandril

93. manifold: an accessory system of piping to a main piping system (or another conductor) that serves to divide a flow into several parts, to combine several flows into one, or to reroute a flow to any of several possible destinations.

manifold/colector

94. methane: a light, gaseous, flammable paraffin hydrocarbon.metano

95. mill: a downhole tool with rough, sharp, extremely hard cutting surfaces for removing metal by grinding or cutting.

fresadora

96. mill-out (to): the use of a mill on the end of a workstring to remove a permanent tool or fish.

fresar

97. mud: a water-or oil-based drilling fluid whose properties have been altered by solids. It can be commercial and/or native, dissolved and/or suspended. It is the liquid circulated through the wellbore during rotary drilling and workover operations. In addition to its function of bringing cuttings to the surface, drilling mud cools and lubricates the bit and drill stem, protects against blowouts by holding back subsurface pressures, and deposits a mud cake on the wall of the borehole to prevent loss of fluids to the formation.

lodo

98. mud mixing devices: the most common device for adding solids to the mud is by means of the jet hopper.

dispositivos de mezcla de lodo

99. mud weight: a measure of the density of a drilling fluid expressed as pounds per gallon (ppg), pounds per cubic foot, or kilograms per cubic meter.

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densidad del lodo

N

100. nipple: a tubular pipe fitting threaded on both ends and less than 12 inches long.niple

101. no-go: a gage run downhole to verify dimensions.no-go

102. nomograph: a chart which represents an equation containing a number of variables in the form of scales so that a straight line cuts the scales at values of the variables satisfying the equation.

nomógrafo

O

103. O-ring: a circular seal common in the oil field. Requires deformation to energize and seal

O-ring (orrin)

104. OCS: Outer Continental Shelf of the United States (offshore operating areas)plataforma continental de los EEUU

105. oil base mud: the term “oil base mud” is applied to a special type drilling fluid where oil is the continuous phase and water the dispersed phase.

lodo de base petróleo

106. open-hole: any wellbore in which casing has not been set.pozo abierto

107. operator: the person or company, either a proprietor or a lessee, actually operating an oilwell or lease.

operador (compañía operadora)

108. overbalance: the amount by which pressure exerted by the hydrostatic head of fluid in the wellbore exceeds formation pressure.

sobrebalance

P

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109. packer: a piece of downhole equipment consisting of a sealing device, a holding or a setting device, and an inside passage of fluids; used to block the flow of fluids through the annular space between the tubing and the wall of the wellbore by sealing off the space between them.

empaquetadura (packer)

110. penetration, rate of: the rate in feet per hour at which the drill proceeds to deepen the wellbore.

velocidad de penetración

111. perforate (to): to pierce the casing wall and cement to provide holes through which formation fluids may enter or to provide holes in the casing so that materials may be introduced into the annulus between the casing and the wall of the wellbore.

punzar

112. permeability: a measure of the ease or ability of the rock to transmit a one-phase fluid under conditions of laminar flow that fluids can flow through a porous rock.

permeabilidad

113. pin: a threaded exterior member.perno

114. pipe ram: a sealing component for a blowout preventer with an indentation and a packing for drill pipe, tubing or line pipe.

esclusas (arietes)

115. pit: a temporary containment for wellbore fluids, usually excavated earth.pileta (de inyección)

116. pore: an opening or space within a rock or mass of rocks, usually small and often filled with some fluid (as water, oil, gas, or all three).

poro (espacio poral)

117. pore pressure: pressure exerted by the fluids within the pore space of a formation.presión poral

118. pounds per gallon (ppg): a measure of the density of a fluid.libras por galón

119. pressure: the force that a fluid (liquid or gas) exerts when it is in some way confined within a vessel, pipe, hole in the ground, and so forth, such as that exerted on the inner wall of a tank or that exerted on the bottom of the wellbore by the drilling mud. Pressure is often expressed in terms of force per unit of area, as pounds per square inch.

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presión

120. pressure gauge: an instrument for measuring fluid pressure that usually registers the difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure off the fluid by indicating the effect of such pressures on a measuring element.

manómetro

121. pressure gradient: the change of pressure with depth, usually expressed in pounds per square inch per foot (psi).

gradiente de presión

122. pressure loss: a reduction in the amount of force a fluid exerts against a surface, usually occurring because the fluid is moving against the surface.

pérdida de presión

123. producing zone: the zone or formation from which hydrocarbons are produced.zona productora

124. psi: abbr. Pounds per square inch.libras por pulgada

cuadrada

125. pump: a device that increases the pressure on a fluid or raises it to a higher level. Various types of pumps include the reciprocating pump, centrifugal pump, rotary pump, jet pump, sucker rod pump, hydraulic pump, mud pump, submersible pump, and bottomhole pump.

bomba

R

126. radioactivity well logging: the recording of the natural or induced radioactive characteristics of surface formations.

perfilaje radioactivo

127. ram: the closing and sealing component on a blowout preventer.esclusa (ariete)

128. reverse circulation: the return of drilling fluid through the drill stem. The normal course of drilling fluid circulation is downward through the drill stem and upward through the annular space surrounding the drill stem. For special problems, normal circulation is

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sometimes reversed, and the fluid returns to the surface through the drill stem, or tubing, after being pumped down the annulus.

circulación inversa

129. rig: the derrick, draw works, and attendant surface equipment of a drilling or a workover unit.

equipo130. riser: a pipe through which liquid travels upward.

caño conductor

131. roughneck: a worker on a drilling or workover rig, subordinate to the driller; sometimes called a rotary helper, floorman, or rig crewman.

peón de perforación

S

132. sack: a container for cement, bentonite, ilmenite, barite, caustic, and so forth. Sacks contain the following amount: cement 94 lbs.bentonite 100 lbs.ilmenite 100 lbs.barite 100 lbs.

bolsa

133. salt: in mud terminology, the term salt is applied to sodium chloride, NaCl.sal

134. shale: a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed of consolidated silt and clay or mud. Shale is the most frequently occurring sedimentary rock.

arcilla (lutita)

135. shear: an action or stress, resulting from applied forces, which causes or tends to cause two adjoining parts of a body to slide relatively to each other in a direction parallel to their plane of contact.

sacudida/corte/fractura

136. shoe: typically the first downhole tool employed on the casing string to guide the casing past obstructions in the wellbore.

zapato

137. shut in casing pressure: pressure of the annular fluid on the casing when a well is shut in.

presión interior de cierre de casing

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138. shut in drill pipe pressure: pressure of the drilling fluid on the inside of the drill stem; used to measure the difference between hydrostatic pressure and formation pressure when a well is shut in and the mud pump is off.

presión interior de cierre de barras de sondeo

139. slips: wedge-shaped pieces of metal with teeth or other gripping elements that are used to prevent pipe from slipping down into the well or to hold pipe in place.

cuñas

140. slurry: a plastic mixture of cement and water that is pumped into a well to harden; there it supports the casing and provides a seal in the wellbore to prevent migration of underground fluids.

lechada

141. snub (to): to put pipe or tools into a high-pressure well that has not been killed.bajar (tubería) contra presión del pozo

142. sonic logging: the recording of the time required for a sound wave to travel a specific distance through a formation.

perfilaje sónico

143. sour gas: natural gas containing hydrogen sulfide.gas ácido/gas corrosivo

144. stack: a vertical pile of blowout preventing equipment.conjunto de BOP

145. stands: the connected joints of pipe racked in the derrick or mast, which joins the discharge line leading from the mud pump to the rotary hose on a pulling/workover unit.

tiros (de tubería)

146. string: the entire length of casing, tubing, or drill pipe run into a hole.columna

147. stripping: adding or removing pipe when well is pressured without allowing vertical flow at the top of the well.

bajada/sacada de tubería contra presión del pozo

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148. sub: a short section of pipe, tube, or drill collar with threads on both ends, which is used to connect two items having different threads; an adapter.

sustituto

T

149. tally: measure and record of the length of pipe or tubing pulled from the well prior to racking or laying down.

recuento

150. TD: total depth of the well.profundidad total

151. tool joint: a heavy coupling element for drill pipe made of a special alloy steel.unión doble

152. torque: a measure of the force or effort applied to a shaft causing it to rotate.torque

153. tour: (pronounced “tower”) an 8 hour shift worked by a drilling crew or other oil field workers.

turno

154. tree: the wellhead.árbol

155. trip: the operation of hoisting the drill stem from and returning it to the wellbore.carrera (maniobra)

156. trip gas: an accumulation of gas which enters the wellbore while a trip is made.gas de maniobra (de carrera)

157. tubing: small diameter pipe that is run into a well to service as a conduit for the passage of oil and gas to the surface.

tubing

158. tungsten carbide: a fine, very hard crystalline gray powder, a compound of tungsten and carbon. this compound is bonded with cobalt or nickel in cemented carbide composition and used for cutting tools, abrasives and dies.

carburo tungsteno

U

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159. underbalance: term to describe the reservoir pressure being greater than the hydrostatic head of the fluid on the wellbore.

subbalance

V

160. valve: a device used to control the rate of flow in a line, to open or shut off a line completely, or to serve as an automatic or semiautomatic safety device.

válvula

W

161. water based mud: common conventional drilling fluids. Water is the suspending medium for solids and is the continuous phase, whether or not oil is present.

lodo de base agua

162. weight: in mud terminology, this refers to the density of a drilling fluid.densidad

163. well completion: the activities and methods necessary to prepare a well for the production of oil and gas.

terminación del pozo

164. well logging: the recording of information about subsurface geologic formations.perfilaje

165. wireline: a slender, rodlike or threadlike piece of metal, usually small in diameter, that is used for lowering special tools into the well.

cable/alambre (de acero)

166. work string: the string of drill pipe tubing suspended in a well to which is attached a special tool or device that is used to carry out a certain task.

sarta de herramientas

Y

167. yield point (yield value): the resistance to initial flow, or stress required to start fluid movement.

punto de fluencia/valor de fluencia

Z

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168. zone: a section of the well´s formation.zona

1. acidificar acidize2. ácido acético acetic acid3. ácido sulfídrico hydrogen sulfide (H2S)4. acumulador (tanque acumulador) accumulator5. afluencia feed-in6. ahogar (matar) kill7. árbol tree8. arcilla (lutita) shale9. bajada/sacada de tubería contra presión del pozo stripping10. bajar (tubería) contra presión del

pozo snub11. baritina barite12. barra de sondeo drill pipe13. barril barrel14. bentonita bentonite15. bolsa sack16. bomba pump17. bomba centrífuga

centrifugal pump18. BOP blowout preventer19. BOP interno internal BOP20. cable/alambre (de acero)

wireline21. cañería auxiliar de revestimiento

liner22. caño conductor riser23. carburo tungsteno tungsten

carbide24. carrera (maniobra) trip25. casing casing26. caudal de ahogo kill rate27. caudal de circulación circulation

rate28. caudal de pérdida leak-off

rate29. cementación cementing30. centralizador centralizer31. cesto basket32. cesto de pesca para despojos

junk basket33. circulación circulation

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34. circulación inversa reverse circulation

35. circular circulate36. colapso de la formación

formation fracture37. colgador hanger38. collar de flujo flow coupling39. columna stack40. conjunto de BOP BOP stack41. contrapresión back pressure42. corte con aire air cutting43. cuñas slips44. densidad density45. densidad weight46. densidad de fluido fluid

weight47. densidad del lodo mud

weight48. densidad equivalente de

circulación equivalent circulating density

49. desplazamientodisplacement

50. dispositivos de mezcla de lodomud mixing devices

51. empaquetadura (packer)packer

52. emulsión emulsion53. enroscar make-up54. equipo rig55. equipo macaroni macaroni

rig56. esclusa (ariete) ram57. esclusas (arietes) pipe rams58. esclusas ciegas blind rams59. espacio anular annulus (annular

space)60. estrangulador/choke choke61. falla fault62. fluido fluid63. fluido de terminación

completion fluid64. fluido/lodo de perforación

drilling fluid/mud65. flujo flow66. formación formation

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67. fracturación ácida acid fracture

68. fresadora mill69. fresar mill-out70. gas gas71. gas ácido/gas corrosivo

sour gas72. gas de maniobra (de carrera)

trip gas73. gas lift gas lift74. gel gel75. gradiente de presión pressure

gradient76. hidráulico/a hydraulic77. inyección de fluido sin purga

bullheading78. inyección gasificada gas cut79. junta de abrasión blast joint80. lechada slurry81. libras por galón pounds

per gallon82. libras por pulgada cuadrada

pounds per square inch83. línea de ahogokill line84. línea de salida flow line85. lodo mud86. lodo de base agua water

based mud87. lodo de base petróleo oil based

mud88. mandril mandrel89. manifold manifold90. manómetro pressure gauge91. metanomethane92. método concurrente concurrent

method93. método de “circular y

densificar” “circulate and weight” method94. método del perforador

driller’s method95. niple nipple96. niple campanabell niple97. niple de asentamiento landing

nipple98. no-go no-go99. nomógrafo noograph

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100. O-ring (orrin) O-ring101. operador (compañía operadora)

operator102. peón de perforación roughneck103. pérdida de circulación

lost circulation104. pérdida de presión pressure

loss105. perfilaje well logging106. perfilaje radioactivo

radioactive logging107. perfilaje sónico sonic

logging108. perforación direccional

directional drilling109. perforador driller110. permeabilidad permeability111. perno pin112. pesca fish113. pileta (de inyección) pit114. plataforma continental de los

EEUU OCD (outer continental shelf)

115. poro (espacio poral) pore space116. portamechas collars (drill

collars)117. pozo well118. pozo abierto open hole119. presiónpressure120. presión anormal abnormal

pressure121. presión de circulacióncirculating

pressure122. presión de fondo de pozo

bottomhole pressure123. presión diferencial

differential pressure124. presión final de circulación

final circulating pressure125. presión hidrostática

hydrostatic pressure126. presión inicial de circulación

initial circulating pressure127. presión interior de cierre de

barras de sondeo shut in drill pipe pressure

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128. presión interior de cierre de casing shut in casing pressure

129. presión poral pore pressure130. preventor de esclusas ciegas

blind ram preventer131. profundidad total total depth132. punto de fluencia/valor de

fluencia yield point/yield value133. punzar perforate134. purgar bleed135. recortes cuttings136. recuento tally137. reventón blowout138. sacudida shear139. sal salt140. sarta de herramientas work

string141. sobrebalance overbalance142. sondeo drill string143. subbalance underbalance144. surgencia kick145. sustituto sub146. sustituto de desviación

bent sub147. terminación del pozo well

completion148. tijera jar149. terminar un pozo complete

a well150. tiros (de tubería) stands151. torque torque152. torre derrick153. trépano bit154. tubing tubing155. turno tour156. unión joint157. unión doble tool joint158. unión roscada collar159. válvulavalve160. velocidad de penetración

penetration, rate of161. zapato shoe162. zapato del casing casing

shoe163. zapato guía guide shoe164. zona zone

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165. zona productora producing zone

BIBLIOGRAFÍA

Glosario Técnico de la Industria del Petróleo (Instituto Argentino del Petróleo)

Glosario del manual de control de surgencias en pozos petroleros de la “Well Control School” (Nota: este glosario es parte de un manual de uso interno de la compañía, y no está disponible para el público en general. Sin embargo, el vocabulario y las definiciones corresponden al uso general de la industria petrolera.)

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