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ST. LOUIS AMERICAN • AUGUST 25 - 31, 2016 A15
SCIENCE CORNER
New University City
Superintendent, Dr.
Sharonica Hardin-
Bartley, gives a STEM
lesson in math to 4th grader
Myles Dunkin and 3rd grader
Kohlia Dunkin, at the Barbara
C. Jordan Elementary School in
the School District of University
City. Photo by Wiley Price/St.
Louis American
DID YOU KNOW?
African-American Inventor and Entrepreneur Madame C.J. Walker
Madame C.J. Walker was born in Louisiana in
1867. Her parents were former slaves and very poor. They
both passed away before Walker was 7 years old. Walker
worked with her older sister in a cotton field in Mississippi
until she got married at the age of 14. In 1885, she had
a daughter and her husband died two years later. Walker
and her daughter then moved to St. Louis to live with her
older brothers, who were barbers. Walker earned money
to support herself and educate her daughter, by working
as a laundrywoman. She became involved in the National
Association of Colored Women.
Walker had a scalp condition that caused her to lose her
hair. She was very embarrassed by this and tried a variety
of methods to restore her hair growth. Many of these home
remedies used natural oils. Walker had good success with
hair products created by the African-American entrepreneur
Annie Malone, so she began to sell those products. She then
moved to Denver where she remarried.
Walker experimented and
developed her own line of
products to treat the scalp
and promote hair growth.
She called this product the
Wonderful Hair Grower. She
traveled door-to-door to sell
her products. In 1908, she
opened a college to train
others. Her system became
known as the Walker System
and her company grew to include over
3,000 employees.
Walker is quoted as saying, “I had to make my own living
and my own opportunity. But I made it! Don’t sit down and
wait for the opportunities to come. Get up and make them.”
Learning Standards: I can read a biography
about a person who has made contributions
to the fields of science, technology,
engineering, and math.
Teachers, if you are using the St. Louis American’s NIE program and would like to nominate your class for a Classroom Spotlight, please email: [email protected].
CLASSROOM SPOTLIGHT SCIENCE STARS
MAP CORNER
Enjoy these activities
that help you get
to know your St.
Louis American
newspaper.
Activity One — Capital Critique: Circle
words beginning with
capital letters in the
newspaper. Discuss why
each word begins with a
capital letter. Then identify the words
that are proper nouns. Write them in a chart labeled person,
place, or thing.
Activity Two — Types of News: Use the front
section of the newspaper to evaluate the type of
news stories represented: local, state, or national.
Create a bar graph that displays the coverage that
each type of news story receives.
Learning Standards: I can use the
newspaper to locate information. I can identify
capitalization rules. I can evaluate types of
news stories.
Use your problem solving skills to answer the following
questions about hair.
z Sarah donates 8 inches of hair to make wigs for children
with cancer. She still has 5 inches of hair left. How many
inches of hair did she have before she made the donation?
______
x In the 5th grade classroom, there are 8 students
with brown hair, 10 students with black hair, 3
students with red hair, and 2 students with blonde
hair. What percent of students have red hair?
______
c If your shampoo costs $6.95 and lasts two
weeks, how much does each day’s worth of shampoo cost?
______ How much would it cost to buy shampoo for the
month? ______
v Anthony went to the salon to get his hair braided. If he
was there 90 minutes and finished his appointment at 3:30
p.m., what time did his appointment begin? ______
b If you spend 10 minutes per day fixing
your hair, how many minutes do you
spend fixing your hair per week? ______
Learning Standards: I can add,
subtract, multiply, and divide to solve
a problem.
Problem Hair
Hair is the second
fastest growing tissue
in the body (bone
marrow is the fastest
growing). 90% of the
hair in your scalp is
growing, while 10% is
resting.
Did you know oils are very beneficial
for your hair? There are so many types
of oils, how do you know which one
is best for you? In this
section, you will read
about six types of
oil used to treat hair.
q ARGON OIL:
Contains protein,
vitamin E, and essential
fatty acids. It makes your hair softer,
thicker, and shinier. It is
ideal for people with
dry, coarse, frizzy, or
damaged hair.
w COCONUT OIL:
Contains protein,
vitamin E, fatty acids,
vitamins, and minerals. It makes your
hair stronger, shinier, and thicker.
This oil is helpful for people who have
hair that tends to break easily.
However, it can be used on all
hair types.
e OLIVE OIL: Contains
vitamins A and E, and
antioxidants. It makes your
hair stronger and shinier. It is
helpful for hair that has
been damaged from chemicals
and styling. It can be used on
all hair types, even fine hair.
r CASTOR OIL: Contains
vitamin E and essential fatty
acids. It can help your hair
grow more quickly and reverse
hair loss. Because of the amount of
moisture in castor oil, it is only suited
for dry or coarse hair.
t MACADAMIA
OIL: Contains
antioxidants. It
can help restore dry,
damaged hair. It can heal damage from
heat and chemicals. Macadamia oil
contains a lot of moisture, so it is only
suited for dry, damaged, or coarse hair.
y JOJOBA OIL: Contains iodine, zinc,
and vitamins B and E. It can help
detangle frizzy hair and it helps
with dandruff and dry scalp. It is
best suited for dry and damaged
hair.
Learning Standards: I can read nonfiction text for
main idea and supporting details. I
can make text-to-text and text-to-self
connections.
Hair Oils
Have you heard the expression, “Water and oil
don’t mix”? The expression is literally true,
because these substances have different
densities. When an object is more dense, it will
sink to the bottom of the container. In this
experiment, you will observe how freezing these
substances changes their properties.
Materials Needed:
• Clear Plastic Container
• Water • Oil • Freezer
Procedure:
q What is your prediction? What
will happen when you combine equal
parts oil and water in a clear container?
Will these results change or stay the same when you
freeze the container? Why?
w Add equal parts oil and water to the container.
Wait 10-15 minutes and observe. What happens?
Which substance is on top at this time? Why?
e Place the container in the freezer for 2-3 hours.
Observe. Which substance is on top? Why? Is this
the same as your prediction? What conclusion can
you draw about how the substances change density
when frozen?
Learning Standards: I can follow
a sequential procedure. I can create
and test my prediction. I can make
observations and draw conclusions.
SCIENCE INVESTIGATION
Hair is 50 percent
carbon, 21 percent
oxygen, 17 percent
nitrogen, 6 percent
hydrogen, and 5
percent sulphur.
Hair is mostly made up of
keratin. Keratin is the same
protein found in animals’
horns, hooves, claws,
feathers, and beaks.
OIL AND WATER
The St. Louis American’s award winning NIE program provides
newspapers and resources to more than 7,000 teachers and
students each week throughout the school year, at no charge.
“Questions or comments? Contact Cathy Sewell
[email protected] or 314-289-5422
Hair is used to insulate
our heads, just as fat
is used to insulate our
bodies. Goosebumps are
caused when cold or fear
causes the hair follicle to
contract, which forces the
hair and surrounding skin
to bunch up.
MATH CONNECTION