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CONTENTSA Message from Director Dungey ............................... 2
Executive Summary ...................................................... 3
Background Information .............................................. 4Data Sources ............................................................... 4Data Limitations ......................................................... 4Snapshot of Ohio’s Economy .................................... 5Mining and Logging Jobs vs. Total Jobs in Ohio ... 5
Statewide Shale-Related Industries ............................ 6
JobsOhio Network Regions .......................................... 7
Regional Shale-Related Industries .............................. 8
Wages for Ohio Shale-Related Core and Ancillary Industries ........................................................................ 9
Ohio Shale-Related Online Job Postings ................... 10
Well Activity Status ...................................................... 11
Key Occupations in Core Shale-Related Industries .. 12 In-Demand Shale-Related Occupations ..................... 13 Statewide Shale-Related Employment Data ............. 14
JobsOhio Network Shale-Related Employment ....... 15
County Unemployment Rates in December 2017 .... 16
County Unemployment Rates in December 2016 .... 17
Definitions ..................................................................... 18
2
A Message from Director Dungey
Ohio is fortunate to have a natural resource that can provide good jobs for families and reinvigorate many of our communities, especially those in the eastern part of the state. As you’ll see in the pages that follow, core shale-related employment, which includes such things as oil and gas pipeline construction and well drilling, increased 171.4 percent from the second quarter of 2011 to the second quarter of 2017. Ancillary employment – for example, freight trucking and environmental consulting – also increased. We expect non-shale industries, such as food and retail businesses near drilling sites and the surrounding communities, to benefit from shale activity, as well.
The average wages of shale-related jobs are excellent: $88,682 in core industries and $67,045 in ancillary industries. In both cases, this is higher than the average wage in all Ohio industries: $48,847.
At the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services (ODJFS), we have been working hard to help more Ohioans take advantage of these opportunities. We’ve been working closely with local workforce investment areas, community colleges, other post-secondary educational institutions, and employers to identify the occupations most in need of workers and to make sure that appropriate training programs are in place. In any given month, thousands of shale-related job openings are posted online, at OhioMeansJobs.com. The Ohio Department of Higher Education also provides an overview of shale-related employment opportunities and information about education and training at OhioEnergyPathways.org.
Individuals can sign up for on-the-job training opportunities at any of the state’s local OhioMeansJobs centers, which provide job training and other services to Ohioans looking for work and employers looking for workers. Individuals can post their resumes, and employers can post job openings at OhioMeansJobs.com.
We encourage any Ohioans in need of work or who may be considering new careers to explore these opportunities. We’re committed to improving the well-being of Ohio’s workforce and families, and are excited about the potential shale holds to make a difference in so many families’ lives.
Cynthia C. Dungey, Director Ohio Department of Job and Family Services
3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Wages (2016 Q3 through 2017 Q2) See page 9.• The four-quarter average wage across all industries was $48,847.
• The four-quarter average wage in core shale-related industries was $88,682, which was $39,835 greater than the average for all industries.
• The four-quarter average wage in ancillary shale-related industries was $67,045, which was $18,198 higher than the average for all industries.
Online Job Postings (2017 Q4) See page 10.• Ohio had 3,289 online job postings in core and ancillary shale-related industries in 2017 Q4.
Stable Employment, All Hires and Separations (2011 Q4 to 2016 Q4) See page 14.• Stable jobs, those present at the beginning and end of a quarter, increased in three core shale-related
industries: support activities for mining, utility system construction, and pipeline transportation of natural gas.
13,000
13,400
13,800
14,200
2011Q2
2012Q2
2013Q2
2014Q2
2015Q2
2016Q2
2017Q2
13,455 13,439 13,452
13,640
13,798
13,96214,070
Shale-Related Establishments by Year
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
220,000
2011Q2
2012Q2
2013Q2
2014Q2
2015Q2
2016Q2
2017Q2
173,786179,414 182,575
190,153 193,755 192,163
204,531
Shale-Related Employment by YearEmployment (2011 Q2 to 2017 Q2) See page 6. • Core shale-related industry employment (such as
pipeline construction and well drilling) was up by 11,780 (171.4 percent).
• Ancillary shale-related industry employment (such as freight trucking and environmental consulting) increased by 18,965 (11.4 percent).
• All industry employment was up by 403,056 (8.1 percent).
Business Establishments (2011 Q2 to 2017 Q2) See page 6.• Core shale-related business establishments increased
by 215 (36.4 percent).
• Ancillary shale-related establishments increased by 400 (3.1 percent).
• Over the same time period, Ohio experienced an increase of 6,893 (2.4 percent) business establishments in all industries.
• Shale-related business establishments totaled 14,070 during the second quarter of 2017.
These data are meant to provide a barometer of shale-related economic activity and employment trends. While the vast majority of shale-related employment can be found in certain industries, not all business establishments in those industries are involved in shale activity. For those that are, not all of their products and services and, therefore, their employment, are necessarily linked to shale-related economic activity.
4
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Data Sources
The purpose of this quarterly publication is to provide the most current available data on shale-related economic activity in Ohio as compared to the base year of 2011. Although several data sources are cited in this publication, the primary source is the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW).
The QCEW program derives its data from quarterly tax reports of employers subject to state and federal unemploy-ment insurance laws. This includes 95 percent or more of all wage and salary employment in Ohio. Under the QCEW program, employment data represent the number of covered workers who worked during, or received pay for, the pay period including the 12th of the month. Excluded are members of the armed forces, the self-employed, unpaid family workers and railroad workers covered by the railroad unemployment insurance system. Data is published ap-proximately six months after the quarter ends.
Also included in this publication are several additional data sources that capture Ohio’s most current overall eco-nomic situation (Local Area Unemployment Statistics and Current Employment Statistics), employer demand (The Conference Board Help Wanted OnLine™Data Set) and hiring activity (Quarterly Workforce Indicators). For an expla-nation of all data sources, please refer to the “Definitions” section on page 18.
In this edition, most current data from the QCEW program are for the second quarter of 2017. Because the data are not seasonally adjusted, the same quarter of a given year must be used when analyzing growth over time. This will ensure that seasonal factors are not influencing employment change. Therefore, second quarter 2017 QCEW data are compared to second quarter 2011 QCEW data.
Data Limitations
The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), which are reviewed and revised every five years, was used to define shale-related industries. Much of the information included in this publication reflects data on a group of six industries identified as “core” and a group of 30 industries identified as “ancillary.” See page 20 for the impact the NAICS 2017 revision had on the shale-related industries.
These data are meant to provide a barometer of shale-related economic activity and employment trends. While the vast majority of shale-related employment can be found in these industries, not all business establishments in these industries are involved in shale activity. For those that are, not all of their products and services and, therefore, their employment are necessarily linked to shale-related economic activity. This is particularly true for the ancillary industries.
The data in this publication include government employment (federal, state and local) in all shale-related industries because significant non-private employment is present in a number of these industries, most notably: highway, street and bridge construction; engineering services; water supply and irrigation systems; and sewage treatment facilities.
As shale-related activity develops further in Ohio, additional industries may be added to the ancillary group, based on such factors as significant employment gains in an industry in a geographic region or the identification of a group of companies in the same industry involved in shale-related activity.
5
• Ohio’s seasonally adjusted unemployment rate for December 2017 was 4.7 percent. • The rate was down from 4.8 percent in November.
Snapshot of Employment in Ohio
• Ohio had 5,542,000 seasonally adjusted nonfarm jobs in December 2017. • Compared to December 2016, employment has increased by 38,500 jobs.
Note: Recessionary periods as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Seasonally Adjusted Unemployment RatesRecession Ohio U.S.
• In December 2017, 10,400 workers were employed in the mining and logging industry.
-10,000
-5,000
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Nov-16 Dec-16 Jan-17 Feb-17 Mar-17 Apr-17 May-17 Jun-17 Jul-17 Aug-17 Sep-17 Oct-17 Nov-17 Dec-17
Ohio Nonfarm Employment Over-the-Month Change
6
STATEWIDE SHALE-RELATED INDUSTRIES• From 2011 Q2 to 2017 Q2, employment in core industries increased by 11,780 (171.4 percent). Over the same
period, employment in ancillary industries increased by 18,965 (11.4 percent).
• From 2011 Q2 to 2017 Q2, the number of business establishments in the core industries grew by 215 (36.4 percent), while establishments in ancillary industries increased by 400 (3.1 percent).
Number of Business Establishments and Employment in Shale-Related Industries (2011 Q2 - 2017 Q2)
Source: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages.ND - Not Disclosable.**See page 20 for explanation of 2111.
Core Industries 2011 Q2 2017 Q2 ChangeNAICS Title Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl.
2111** Oil and gas extraction 197 2,887 132 1,078 -65 -1,809
213111 Drilling oil and gas wells 79 525 114 1,215 35 690
213112 Support activities for oil and gas operations 181 1,292 319 3,669 138 2,377
237120 Oil and gas pipeline construction 98 1,862 194 12,176 96 10,314
486210 Pipeline transportation of natural gas 36 307 47 515 11 208
Core Industry Totals 591 6,873 806 18,653 215 11,780Ancillary Industries 2011 Q2 2017 Q2 Change
NAICS Title Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl.
221112 Fossil fuel electric power generation 83 5,292 76 3,595 -7 -1,697
221210 Natural gas distribution 142 3,723 156 5,572 14 1,849
221310 Water supply and irrigation systems 248 6,049 259 5,836 11 -213
221320 Sewage treatment facilities 212 3,846 212 3,819 0 -27
237110 Water and sewer system construction 390 5,029 359 6,470 -31 1,441
237310 Highway, street, and bridge construction 724 15,156 740 18,047 16 2,891
238912 Nonresidential site preparation contractors 628 5,117 644 7,248 16 2,131
325110 Petrochemical manufacturing 5 357 4 ND -1 ND
325120 Industrial gas manufacturing 47 748 42 ND -5 ND
331110 Iron and steel mills and ferroalloy manufacturing 58 9,982 63 7,655 5 -2,327
331210 Iron, steel pipe and tube from purchase steel 53 3,122 40 3,501 -13 379
333131 Mining machinery and equipment manufacturing 12 453 10 267 -2 -186
333132 Oil and gas field machinery and equipment 6 137 10 246 4 109
423810 Construction equipment merchant wholesalers 200 2,575 184 2,806 -16 231
423830 Industrial machinery merchant wholesalers 1,693 15,287 1,640 17,261 -53 1,974
423840 Industrial supplies merchant wholesalers 503 4,803 494 5,557 -9 754
484110 General freight trucking, local 1,361 12,206 1,389 13,148 28 942
484220 Other specialized trucking, local 1,008 7,094 1,122 8,759 114 1,665
484230 Other specialized trucking, long-distance 284 4,540 334 6,444 50 1,904
531190 Lessors of other real estate property 291 949 285 1,029 -6 80
532412 Other heavy machinery rental and leasing 167 1,318 210 2,149 43 831
541330 Engineering services 2,285 27,611 2,448 29,895 163 2,284
541360 Geophysical surveying and mapping services 51 257 59 183 8 -74
541380 Testing laboratories 359 6,535 419 7,046 60 511
541620 Environmental consulting services 299 1,676 323 1,896 24 220
562910 Remediation services 178 2,394 213 3,731 35 1,337
811310 Commercial machinery repair and maintenance 1,102 7,328 1,070 9,498 -32 2,170
924110 Air, water, and waste program administration 165 6,259 157 6,283 -8 24
924120 Administration of conservation programs 281 6,586 271 6,365 -10 -221
926130 Utility regulation and administration 29 484 31 510 2 26
Ancillary Industry Totals 12,864 166,913 13,264 185,878 400 18,965
Core Industries and Ancillary Industries Totals 13,455 173,786 14,070 204,531 615 30,745
All Industries Totals 288,288 4,987,972 295,181 5,391,028 6,893 403,056
7
JOBSOHIO NETWORK REGIONS
Southeast Ohio
Southwest Ohio
Central Ohio
West Ohio
Northwest Ohio
Northeast Ohio
Regions
8
REGIONAL SHALE-RELATED INDUSTRIESThe JobsOhio Network is a partnership of statewide economic development organizations with deep ties to their business communities. The following charts show trends in shale-related employment for each of the six JobsOhio regions.
Large percentage increases and decreases in employment may be the result of a change in industry classification following a routine NAICS assignment review. Changes in NAICS assignments are typically done with the publication of the first-quarter data.
-100.0%
-50.0%
0.0%
50.0%
100.0%
150.0%
200.0%
250.0%
Southwest69.1%
Northeast157.4%
Central6.9%
West214.5%
Southeast116.4%
Northwest-75.5%
Core Shale-Related IndustriesPercent Employment Change (2011 Q2 - 2017 Q2)
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
Southwest6.0% Northeast
3.6%
Central29.2%
West8.7%
Southeast19.3%
Northwest7.2%
Ancillary Shale-Related IndustriesPercent Employment Change (2011 Q2 - 2017 Q2)
Source: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program, Enhanced Quarterly Unemployment Insurance file.
• The largest percent growth in employment for core shale-related industries was in the West region (214.5 percent), followed by the Northeast region (157.4 percent).
• For ancillary shale-related industries, the largest percent growth in employment was in the Central region (29.2 percent), followed by the Southeast region (19.3 percent).
9
WaGeS FOR OhiO Shale-RelaTeD CORe aND aNCillaRY iNDUSTRieS
• The four-quarter average wage across all industries for 2016 Q3 through 2017 Q2 was $48,847.
• The four-quarter average wage in the core industries was $39,835 greater than the average wage for all industries.
• The four-quarter average wage in the ancillary industries was $18,198 higher than the average wage for all industries.
Four-Quarter Average Wage by Industry
Large changes in average wages may be the result of a change in industry classification following a routine NAICS assignment review.
$59,257
$69,323
$74,280
$76,231
$96,930
$103,755
$0 $30,000 $60,000 $90,000 $120,000
Crude Petroleum Extraction*
Support activities for oil and gas operations
Drilling oil and gas wells
Natural Gas Extraction*
Pipeline transportation of natural gas
Oil and gas pipeline construction
$29,957
$43,616
$45,248
$46,092
$56,073
$56,979
$56,993
$57,045
$58,062
$58,365
$59,915
$61,853
$61,929
$61,960
$67,541
$68,069
$68,551
$69,078
$69,203
$69,721
$71,095
$72,118
$72,388
$73,148
$79,746
$81,210
$83,523
$92,189
$104,173
$119,266
Lessors of other real estate property
Administration of conservation programs
General freight trucking, local
Other specialized trucking, local
Water supply and irrigation systems
Testing laboratories
Other specialized trucking, long-distance
Mining machinery and equipment manufacturing
Geophysical surveying and mapping services
Sewage treatment facilities
Nonresidential site preparation contractors
Construction equipment merchant wholesalers
Other heavy machinery rental and leasing
Air, water, and waste program administration
Industrial supplies merchant wholesalers
Water and sewer system construction
Commercial machinery repair and maintenance
Remediation services
Highway, street, and bridge construction
Environmental consulting services
Industrial machinery merchant wholesalers
Utility regulation and administration
Oil and gas field machinery and equipment
Industrial gas manufacturing
Engineering services
Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing
Iron, steel pipe and tube from purchase steel
Natural gas distribution
Fossil fuel electric power generation
Petrochemical manufacturing
Source: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages.* Wages displayed are based on 2017 Q1 and Q2 only. The combined average wage for the core industries is based on a weighted average. See page 20 for more information.
Ancillary Industries
Ancillary Shale-Related Industries
(2016 Q3 - 2017 Q2)
$67,045
Core Shale-Related Industries
(2016 Q3 - 2017 Q2)
$88,682*
All Ohio Industries(2016 Q3 - 2017 Q2)
$48,847
Core Industries
10
OHIO SHALE-RELATED ONLINE JOB POSTINGS
Statewide Online Job Postings2016 Q4 2017 Q4 % Change
Core Industries 78 69 -11.5%
Ancillary Industries 3,402 3,220 -5.3%
Total: ALL Industries 194,380 178,832 -8.0%
Regional Online Job PostingsCore and Ancillary Combined 2016 Q4 2017 Q4 % ChangeSouthwest Ohio 851 718 -15.6%
Northeast Ohio 1,155 968 -16.2%
Central Ohio 545 641 17.6%
West Ohio 385 462 20.0%
Southeast Ohio 178 212 19.1%
Northwest Ohio 306 225 -26.5%
Total* 3,480 3,289 -5.5%
Statewide Online Job Postings
• Total job postings across all Ohio industries decreased in 2017 Q4 compared to 2016 Q4.
• Overall, job postings decreased in core (-11.5 percent) and ancillary (-5.3 percent) shale-related industries.
Regional Online Job Postings
• Job postings increased in the Central Ohio (17.6 percent), West Ohio (20.0 percent), and Southeast Ohio (19.1 percent) regions in 2017 Q4 compared to 2016 Q4.
Source: The Conference Board Help Wanted Online® (HWOL). New ads only. Data are subject to revision. Not seasonally adjusted. Excludes miscellaneous ads.
Data are not comparable to previous Ohio Shale Quarterly Economic Trends for Ohio Oil and Gas Industries reports due to HWOL 2016 methodological revisions.
*The total includes job ads that may have listed Ohio as the only geographical area. As a result, the sum of the job ads for the regions may be lower, since it does not include ads without a city or metropolitan statistical area specification.
11
WELL ACTIVITY STATUS AS OF JANUARY 6, 2018
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GIFFORD SFGIFFORD SF
CHAPIN FORESTCHAPIN FORESTRESERVATION SFRESERVATION SF
T8
T83
T209
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T800
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§̈¦76
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Wayne NationalWayne NationalForestForestNational Forest FSNational Forest FS
Wayne National ForestWayne National ForestNational Forest FSNational Forest FS
Wayne NationalWayne NationalForestForestNational Forest FSNational Forest FS
Mosquito Creek LakeMosquito Creek LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Cuyahoga Valley NationalCuyahoga Valley NationalPark National Park NPSPark National Park NPS
Ravenna ArsenalRavenna ArsenalArmy DODArmy DOD
Michael J. Kirwan ReservoirMichael J. Kirwan ReservoirArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Berlin LakeBerlin LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Charles Mill LakeCharles Mill LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Pleasant Hill LakePleasant Hill LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Beach City LakeBeach City LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Atwood LakeAtwood LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Leesville LakeLeesville LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Mohawk ReservoirMohawk ReservoirArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Tappan LakeTappan LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Clendening LakeClendening LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Piedmont LakePiedmont LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Wills Creek LakeWills Creek LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Dillon LakeDillon LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Senecaville LakeSenecaville LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Burr Oak LakeBurr Oak LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Wayne National Forest PurchaseWayne National Forest PurchaseUnit Purchase Unit Block FSUnit Purchase Unit Block FS
223
415217
3 546210
40752 153
320
526
1511 131
301
1515
1
1
Well Head Count by County1 - 10
11 - 50
51 - 100
101 - 200
201 - 400
401 - 600
Horizontal Wells Activity Statusat end of Saturday 01/06/2018:
ODNR LandsODNR LandsODNR LandsDivision of Forestry
Department
Division of Parks
Division of Watercraft
Division of Wildlife
Natural Areas and Preserves
Utica/Point Pleasant Well Heads
Marcellus Well Heads
Horizontal Wellbores
Utica/Point Pleasant Bottom HoleXW PERMITTED-(Permitted; Not Drilled; Canceled)
DRILLED-(Drilling; Well Drilled)
PRODUCING-(Producing; Plugged Back)
INACTIVE-(Drilled Inactive; Shut in)
Lost Hole or Final Restoration
Dry and Abandoned
Plugged and Abandoned
Marcellus Bottom HoleXW PERMITTED-(Permitted; Not Drilled; Canceled)
DRILLED-(Drilling; Well Drilled)
PRODUCING-(Producing; Plugged Back)
Inactive
Wells Permitted To Date: Utica: 2736 Marcellus: 51(2 Utica-Permitted wells are not mapped due to bad locational coordinates.)(24 Utica-Permitted wells are not mapped due to well length >= 15000 feet.)Wells Drilled To Date: Utica: 2239 Marcellus: 35(1 Utica-Drilled well is not mapped due to bad locational coordinates.)(21 Utica-Drilled wells are not mapped due to well length >= 15000 feet.)Wells Producing To Date: Utica: 1787 Marcellus: 20(1 Utica-Producing well is not mapped due to bad locational coordinates.)(4 Utica-Producing wells are not mapped due to well length >= 15000 feet.)
STATE OF OHIOJohn R. Kasich, Governor
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCESJames Zehringer, Director
OFFICE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYDonovan Powers, Chief
HORIZONTAL OIL AND GAS WELLS IN THEUTICA/POINT PLEASANT AND MARCELLUS FORMATIONS
ODNR OFFICE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYJanuary 2018
OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES2018
Text
Data source: The ODNR Division of Oil and Gas Resources provided the Well data from RBDMS; The ODNR Division of Geological Survey provided the S<SUB1</SUB> data; The ODNR Office of Information Technology provided the ODNR lands data; The NationalAtlas.gov provided the federal lands; Ohio Department ofTransportation provided the city boundaries, roads, and lakes data.
Projection is Ohio state plane coordinate system, south zoneNorth American Datum 1983.
³SCALE 1:300,000
5 0 5 102.5 Miles
5 0 5 10 152.5 Kilometers
Utica/Point Pleasant and MarcellusHorizontal Well Head Counts by County
12
KEY OCCUPATIONS IN CORESHALE-RELATED INDUSTRIES
The occupations listed in the table below are found within the national staffing patterns of core shale-related industries. While these occupations are not exclusive to the core shale-related industries, the 2015 base employment count within these industries was above 50.
A standard occupation classification (SOC) code is provided for each occupation. For a complete list of terms and definitions, please refer to the Staffing Patterns definition on page 19.
SOC Code SOC Title
Median Annual Wage1
Typical Education, Work Experience, On-the-Job Training (OJT)
17-2171 Petroleum Engineers $109,574 Bachelor's degree
19-2042 Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers $65,645 Bachelor's degree
19-4041 Geological and Petroleum Technicians $50,253 Associate's degree, Moderate-term OJT
47-2151 Pipelayers $43,888 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
47-5011 Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas $39,998 Less than HS, Short-term OJT
47-5012 Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas $40,976 Less than HS, Moderate-term OJT
47-5013 Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas and Mining $34,278 Less than HS, Moderate-term OJT
47-5021 Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas $44,117 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
47-5071 Roustabouts, Oil and Gas $30,514 Less than HS, Moderate-term OJT
47-5081 Helpers--Extraction Workers $40,601 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
51-8092 Gas Plant Operators $67,870 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
51-8093 Petroleum Pump System Oper./Refinery Oper./Gaugers $61,589 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
53-7071 Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators $67,371 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
53-7073 Wellhead Pumpers $33,841 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT, Less than 5 years
1Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying hourly median wage by 2,080 hours.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2015.
13
IN-DEMAND SHALE-RELATED OCCUPATIONSThe occupations listed below have been identified as in-demand occupations through the Ohio Workforce Information Exchange — Job Forecast initiative as of July 2017. This initiative works directly with employers with at least one Ohio location to identify employers’ most in-demand occupations over the next one, three, and five years. While the occupations below are not exclusive to the core shale-related industries, the 2015 base employment count within these industries was above 20.
For more information on the Workforce Information Exchange, please refer to page 20.
SOC Code SOC Title
Median Annual Wage1
Typical Education, Work Experience, On-the-Job Training (OJT)
11-3031 Financial Managers $106,330 Bachelor's degree, 5+ Years
11-9021 Construction Managers $84,989 Bachelor's degree, Moderate-term OJT
11-9041 Architectural and Engineering Managers $120,515 Bachelor's degree, 5+ Years Experience
11-1021 General and Operations Managers $89,960 Bachelor's degree, 5+ Years Experience
13-1051 Cost Estimators $56,597 Bachelor's degree
13-1199 Business Operations Specialists, All Other $62,421 Bachelor's degree
13-2011 Accountants and Auditors $63,357 Bachelor's degree
13-2051 Financial Analysts $69,576 Bachelor's degree
15-1121 Computer Systems Analysts $82,514 Bachelor's degree
17-2112 Industrial Engineers $76,660 Bachelor's degree
43-3031 Bookkeeping, Accounting and Auditing Clerks $35,600 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
43-4051 Customer Service Representatives $30,514 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
43-6011 Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistant $49,026 HS/GED, 1-5 Years Experience
43-6014Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Ex. Legal, Medical and Executive
$32,635 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
43-9061 Office Clerks, General $28,600 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
47-1011First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers
$59,717 HS/GED, 5+ Years Experience
47-2031 Carpenters $43,784 HS/GED, Apprenticeship
47-2061 Construction Laborers $36,733 Less than HS, Short-term OJT
47-2073 Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators $48,859 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
47-2152 Plumbers, Pipefitters and Steamfitters $51,792 HS/GED, Apprenticeship
49-1011 First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers and Repairers $60,237 HS/GED, 1-5 Years Experience
49-3042 Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines $47,486 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
49-9041 Industrial Machinery Mechanics $47,029 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
51-1011 First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers $55,494 HS/GED, 1-5 Years Experience
51-4121 Welders, Cutters, Solderers and Brazers $36,338 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
51-9061 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers and Weighers $36,171 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
53-3032 Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers $40,872 Post-sec non-degree, Short-term OJT
1Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying hourly median wage by 2,080 hours.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2015.
14
STATEWIDE SHALE-RELATED EMPLOYMENT DATA
The Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI) are a set of economic indicators derived from state administrative records and basic demographic information from the Census Bureau. They can be examined based on geography, industry, gender and age of workers. Data presented are the most recent available. Because QWI data are not seasonally adjusted, the same quarter must be used when analyzing changes over time. This will ensure that seasonal factors are not influencing employment change. Therefore, in the table below and on the following page, 2011 Q4 data is presented with 2016 Q4 data.
The tables below and on the following page show Ohio shale-related employment. “Stable Employment” is an estimate of the number of jobs that were present at the beginning and end of a quarter. “All Hires” is the estimated number of workers who started a job during the quarter; it includes new and recalled employees. “Separations” is the estimated number of workers whose jobs with a given employer ended during a quarter.
Ohio
2011 Q4 2016 Q4
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
All industry groups 4,921,486 849,966 785,821 5,254,714 898,389 949,600
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 3,032 190 181 1,614 305 178
2131 Support Activities for Mining 3,219 746 839 4,906 1,269 1,237
2371 Utility System Construction 11,921 2,209 3,439 15,407 3,975 4,788
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 339 14 3 538 18 13
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, Quarterly Workforce Indicators.
QWI are available only at the four-digit NAICS level. Consequently, although these industry groups contain some employment from non-shale-related core industries, they provide an indication of labor activity for these shale-related industries.
• Stable jobs, those present at the beginning and end of a quarter, increased in three core shale-related industries from 2011 Q4 to 2016 Q4: support activities for mining, utility system construction, and pipeline transportation of natural gas.
• The job market has significant turnover as demonstrated by the number of hires and separations.
15
JOBSOHIO NETWORK SHALE-RELATED EMPLOYMENT
Central Ohio
2011 Q4 2016 Q4
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
All industry groups 980,450 181,537 160,699 1,079,777 212,474 218,770
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 190 6 11 158 8 10
2131 Support Activities for Mining 330 56 144 257 22 69
2371 Utility System Construction 2,278 310 449 3,816 651 763
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 125 5 *** 133 3 0
Northeast Ohio
All industry groups 1,848,454 324,169 291,791 1,942,863 304,859 330,632
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 709 80 72 723 73 71
2131 Support Activities for Mining 795 125 211 1,911 479 431
2371 Utility System Construction 4,420 905 1,485 4,796 1,266 1,902
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 98 4 *** 204 6 3
Northwest Ohio
All industry groups 513,450 97,373 85,998 548,781 92,752 97,996
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 1,668 41 46 *** 0 0
2131 Support Activities for Mining 12 13 *** 46 24 31
2371 Utility System Construction 1,778 311 747 1,979 1,023 989
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 30 *** 0 37 0 0
Southeast Ohio
All industry groups 300,282 44,307 46,577 306,629 50,867 55,336
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 428 58 47 725 221 97
2131 Support Activities for Mining 2,059 545 467 2,547 665 655
2371 Utility System Construction 845 327 258 1,310 425 480
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 76 *** 0 89 *** 3
Southwest Ohio
All industry groups 763,316 126,563 127,969 839,273 145,885 154,125
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction *** *** *** *** *** 0
2131 Support Activities for Mining 5 0 0 57 67 42
2371 Utility System Construction 1,776 257 355 2,591 411 534
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas *** *** 0 74 6 7
West Ohio
All industry groups 515,534 76,017 72,786 537,393 91,551 92,741
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction *** 0 0 *** *** ***
2131 Support Activities for Mining 19 7 15 89 13 8
2371 Utility System Construction 823 99 146 915 199 120
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas *** 0 0 *** 0 0
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, Quarterly Workforce Indicators. ***Indicates data cannot be disclosed due to confidentiality restrictions or data quality standards.
Quarterly Workforce Indicators are available only at the four-digit NAICS level. Consequently, although these industry groups contain some employment from non-shale-related core industries, they help provide an indication of labor activity for these shale-related industries.
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3.9% or Lower
4.0% to 4.5%
4.6% to 5.9%
6.0% or HigherSource: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Office of Workforce Development Bureau of Labor Market Information*Data are preliminary and subject to revision.
COUNTY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES IN DECEMBER 2017(Not Seasonally Adjusted)
Unemployment Rates
Not Seasonally Adjusted Seasonally Adjusted
United States 3.9% 4.1%
Ohio 4.5% 4.7%
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Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Office of Workforce Development Bureau of Labor Market Information*Data based on 2016 benchmark.
COUNTY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES IN DECEMBER 2016 (Not Seasonally Adjusted)
Unemployment Rates
Not Seasonally Adjusted Seasonally Adjusted
United States 4.5% 4.7%
Ohio 4.8% 5.0%
4.5% or Lower
4.6% to 4.8%
4.9% to 7.0%
7.1% or Higher
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DEFINITIONS
OHIO LABOR FORCE STATISTICS*
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information, Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS)
The labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS). The LAUS program measures employment and unemployment on a place-of-residence basis and produces estimates using equations based on regression techniques. This method uses data from several sources, including the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program and state unemployment insurance programs. The LAUS program does not produce estimates for any demographic groups.
Employment − A count of all persons who, during the week that includes the 12th day of the month, (a) did any work as paid employees, worked in their own businesses or professions or on their own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in enterprises operated by members of their families, or (b) were not working but who had jobs from which they were temporarily absent. Each employed person is counted only once, even if the person holds more than one job. Included are the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers and private household workers, who are excluded by the CES survey.
Labor Force − The population of people either working or looking for work, or classified as employed or unemployed.
Unemployment − A count of all persons age 16 and older who had no employment during the reference week (the week containing the 12th day of the month), who were available for work (except for temporary illness), and who had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the four-week period ending with the reference week. This includes those waiting to be recalled to jobs from which they had been laid off.
Unemployment Rate − The number of unemployed workers as a percent of the labor force.
JOB DATA*
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information, Current Employment Statistics
Each month the CES program surveys about 140,000 national businesses and government agencies to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours and earnings of workers on non-farm payrolls. This is a collaborative effort between the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the states. CES produces a count of jobs, not of people.
Nonfarm Jobs − The total number of persons on established payrolls employed full- or part-time who received pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th day of the month. Temporary and intermittent employees are included, as are any employees who are on paid sick leave, on paid holiday, or who worked during only part of the specified pay period. A striking employee who works only a small portion of the survey period, and is paid, is included as employed. Those on payrolls of more than one establishment are counted in each establishment. Data exclude proprietors, self-employed workers, unpaid family or volunteer workers, farm workers, and domestic workers. Those on layoff, strike or leave without pay for the entire pay period, or who have not yet reported for work, are not counted as employed. Government employment covers only civilian employees.
QUARTERLY WORKFORCE INDICATORS
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
The Quarterly Workforce Indicators are data that can be examined by region, industry, gender and age of workers. These indicators are built on wage records in the unemployment insurance system and information from state Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) data.
*THESE DATA ARE SEASONALLY ADJUSTED. Seasonal adjustment removes changes in employment due to normal seasonal hiring or layoffs (such as holidays, weather, etc.).
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DEFINITIONS
QUARTERLY CENSUS OF EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
Business Establishment − An establishment is the location of a certain economic activity, such as a factory, store, office or mine, which produces goods or services. It is typically at a single physical location and engaged in one, or predominantly one, type of economic activity. An employer may have one or more establishments.
Employment − Employment data include all employment covered under federal and Ohio unemployment insurance laws for each of the three months in a quarter. The employment count represents the number of full- and part-time employees who worked during or received pay for the payroll period including the 12th day of the month. The employment totals for each month are averaged for the quarter employment count. Those on paid vacations or paid sick leave are included. Workers temporarily earning no wages due to labor-management disputes, layoffs or other reasons are not reported as employed. Those on the payroll of more than one employer during the same reference week are reported more than once.
Wages − Wages include total compensation paid during a calendar quarter, including bonuses. Average wages are calculated by dividing total wages for a quarter by average employment in that quarter.
STAFFING PATTERNS
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information
A staffing pattern is a list of the occupations most commonly found within a particular industry. This information comes from the biennial Long-Term Occupational Employment Projections data.
Annual Median Wage − The annual median wage earned by workers in an occupation, assuming 40 hours of work per week, 52 weeks a year. Wage data is derived from the annual Occupational Employment Statistics survey.
Typical Education, Training and Experience − To assist with career planning, the BLS has determined the typical education needed for entry into an occupation, years of commonly needed work experience in a related occupation, and typical on-the-job training needed to attain competency in the occupation. For definitions of available categories, see bls.gov/emp/ep_education_tech.htm.
Typical Education Levels
• Less than high school• High school diploma or equivalent (HS/GED)
• Postsecondary non-degree award (Post-HS Cert.)
• Associate’s degree
• Bachelor’s degree
• Master’s degree
• Doctoral or professional degree
Work Experience in a Related Occupation
• Five years or more• One to five years• Less than one year
Typical On-The-Job (OJT) Training
• Long-term OJT – More than 12 months OJT or combined work experience and formal classroom instruction
• Moderate-term OJT – One to 12 months OJT and informal training
• Short-term OJT – Less than one month OJT
ONLINE JOB POSTINGS
Source: The Conference Board Help Wanted OnLine™ Data Set
The Conference Board HWOL data set provides real-time insight into the employment marketplace through the world’s largest database of online job ads. Job ads can be classified by industry, occupation, employer and geographic area. Data are analyzed for employment trends and to forecast economic conditions. The underlying data for The Conference Board HWOL are provided by Wanted Technologies Corporation.
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DEFINITIONS
NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (NAICS) CHANGES
NAICS, established in 1997, is reviewed for potential revisions every five years. The latest revision, in 2017, was implemented by BLS in the QCEW program with the release of first quarter 2017 data. As part of this revision, the NAICS code of two core shale-related industries were impacted: NAICS 211111 (Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction) and NAICS 211112 (Natural Gas Liquid Extraction). The NAICS 2017 structure regrouped those NAICS into 211120 (Crude Petroleum Extraction) and 211130 (Natural Gas Extraction). A portion of the former 211111 was moved to 211120; while 211130 contains all of 211112 and a portion of 211111. These data are comparable at the 4-digit level, as all are contained within 2111 (Oil and Gas Extraction), but they are not comparable at 5- or 6-digit level. Because the employment from year 2011 is not defined in NAICS 2017 codes and year 2017 employment is not defined under old codes, we provide only the 4-digit level data for NAICS 2111 on page 6.
Core Shale-Related Industries (NAICS):
Crude Petroleum Extraction (211120); Natural Gas Extraction (211130); Drilling Oil & Gas Wells (213111); Support Activities for Oil & Gas Operations (213112); Oil & Gas Pipeline & Related Structures Construction (237120); and Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas (486210).
Ancillary Shale-Related Industries (NAICS):
Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation (221112); Natural Gas Distribution (221210); Water Supply & Irrigation Systems (221310); Sewage Treatment Facilities (221320); Water & Sewer Line & Related Structures Construction (237110); Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction (237310); Nonresidential Site Preparation Contractors (238912); Petrochemical Manufacturing (325110); Industrial Gas Manufacturing (325120); Iron & Steel Mills & Ferroalloy Manufacturing (3311101); Iron & Steel Pipe & Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel (331210); Mining Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing (333131); Oil & Gas Field Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing (333132); Construction and Mining (except Oil Well) Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers (423810); Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers (423830); Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers (423840); General Freight Trucking, Local (484110); Specialized
Freight Trucking, Local (484220); Specialized Freight Trucking, Long-Distance (484230); Lessors of Other Real Property (531190); Construction, Mining & Forestry Machinery & Equipment Rental & Leasing (532412); Engineering Services (541330); Geophysical Surveying & Mapping Services (541360); Testing Laboratories (541380); Environmental Consulting Services (541620); Remediation Services (562910); Commercial & Industrial Machinery & Equipment Repair & Maintenance (811310); Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs (924110); Administration of Conservation Programs (924120); and Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities (926130).
WORKFORCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Source: Governor’s Office of Workforce Transformation
(workforce.ohio.gov)
The Governor’s Office of Workforce Transformation deployed a statewide jobs forecasting tool to the top companies of predefined industry clusters. These companies represent small, medium and large businesses with at least 10 employees and at least one Ohio location. Through the forecasting tool, businesses identify the top five critical, difficult-to-fill job needs over the next one, three and five years. The information from the forecast tool is aggregated with current job postings and occupation projections from ODJFS to better align the in-demand jobs with education and training providers and Ohio’s workforce development system.