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Office of Overseas Programming & Training Support (OPATS)
Introduction to Food Security
Defining Food Security
Food Security exists when all people, at all
times, have physical and economic access
to sufficient safe and nutritious food that
meets their dietary needs and food
preferences for an active and healthy life.
(1996 World Food Summit)
Key Facts
Estimated 925 million hungry people in the world By 2008, 33.3% of Tanzanians lived below the Basic
Needs Poverty line and 17% of the population was below the food poverty line.
# of people undernourished (millions): 13.7 Proportion of undernourished in total pop: 34% Child malnutrition, underweight: 44% Child malnutrition, underweight, stunting: 50% Child mortality rate (per 1000 live births): 108
Key Facts
Approximately 40% world’s arable land is degraded by climate change and worsening
Half a billion small farms in the world support 2 billion people
Poor people spend 50%-80% of income on food Agriculture accounts for more than 25% of GDP and
75% of the labor force Total Land area (1000 ha): 88 580 in TZ Arable land (1000 ha): 9 600 in TZ
Learning Objectives
Introduction to Food Security
Introduction to Feed the Future
Describe The EAT Squad’s role and
responsibilities
Identify at least three activities that can
improve food security
Food security and health
Food security and environment
Food security and livelihoods
Every PCV is also a Food Security Volunteer
Why focus on food security?
4 Food Security Components
Food Security
Availability
Food availability addresses “supply side” of food security
Determined by
1. Food Production Levels
2. Stock Levels
3. Net Trade
Access
Food access depends on household’s ability to :– obtain food from their own production, stocks, purchases, gathering– obtain food from food transfers from relatives, members of the community,
the government, or donors– individual household members’ access to resources
Household ability to meet food needs (over a year) varies due to:– inadequate crop production by the household due to poor soils or lack of labor– loss or decrease in income sources such as employment, social obligations– natural disaster.
Utilization
Individual nutritional status is determined by sufficient energy and nutrient intake, which results from:
• good care and feeding practices• food preparation• diversity of diet• intra-household distribution of food
The way the body uses various nutrients in food
GOOD NUTRITION
Stability
Food security varies across geography and varies for each person depending on circumstances.
“At all times” = the stability dimension of food security.– Emphasizes reducing the risk of adverse effects on food availability,
access or utilization. “All people, at all times” is integral to the definition of food
security and is key to achieving national food security objectives
Access, Availability, and Utilization should be stable over time and not affected negatively by natural, social, economic, or political factors.
Inadequate food consumption varies from a short-term experience to a lifelong condition.
Two types of food insecurity
Chronic food insecurity Transitory food insecurity
Long-term or Persistent
Extended periods of poverty, asset scarcity inadequate access to
productive or financial resources.
Long-term or Persistent
Extended periods of poverty, asset scarcity inadequate access to
productive or financial resources.
Food Insecurity—Duration
Short-term & Temporary
Relatively unpredictable and can emerge
suddenly.
Short-term & Temporary
Relatively unpredictable and can emerge
suddenly.
Gender & Food Security:Women’s Role in Food Security Women and children under the age of 5 are the most
affected by food insecurity
Women bear the brunt of domestic and agricultural tasks:•Preparing and cooking food•Caring for children, the elderly, and the sick•In Africa, the HIV/AIDS pandemic burdens caretakers even more•Processing food crops, providing water and firewood, picking fruit
Women are primarily responsible for their families’ health, education, and nutrition.
Brainstorming….
There are many ways to respond to food insecurity and help your communities improve their capacity to reduce poverty and increase food security
When you get to your community, list a few of the things that you need to do to begin work on addressing food security.
Feed the Future
US governments global hunger and food security initiative
FTF started in Mali (2007) and now is in 21 countries of Africa + Nepal
PCTZ and FtF signed a partnership in March 2013 5 year contract with funding Objectives include trainings, small project assistance and
M&E
Feed the Future
Eight private sector implementing partners focused on different aspects of Food Security
Partners with PCV’s due to access to villages
Important funding source for grants
The EAT Squad
Eight volunteers from all three sectors and a wide range of regions
Facilitate trainings
Manage resources
Support YOU! In YOUR food security endeavors
The EAT Squad
To promote access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to improve quality of life by providing knowledge, skills, and resources to volunteers and Tanzanians
USALAMA WA CHAKULA
QUESTIONS??NIULIZE