of Scientific · Acorus americanus sweetflag native 6 ‐5 Acorus calamus calamus native 6 ‐5 Actaea pachypoda white baneberry native 7 5 ... Astragalus alpinus var. brunetianus

Scientific Name Common Name NativityCoefficient of Conservatism

Coefficient of Wetness

Abies balsamea balsam fir native 3 0Abies concolor white fir non‐native 0Abutilon theophrasti velvetleaf non‐native 0 3Acalypha rhomboidea common threeseed mercury native 2 3Acer ginnala Amur maple non‐native 0Acer negundo boxelder non‐native 0 0Acer pensylvanicum striped maple native 5 3Acer platanoides Norway maple non‐native 0 5Acer pseudoplatanus sycamore maple non‐native 0Acer rubrum red maple native 2 0Acer saccharinum silver maple native 6 ‐3Acer saccharum sugar maple native 5 3Acer spicatum mountain maple native 6 3Acer x freemanii red maple x silver maple native 2 0Achillea millefolium common yarrow non‐native 0 3Achillea millefolium var. borealis common yarrow non‐native 0 3Achillea millefolium var. millefolium common yarrow non‐native 0 3Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis common yarrow non‐native 0 3Achillea ptarmica sneezeweed non‐native 0 3Acinos arvensis basil thyme non‐native 0Aconitum napellus Venus' chariot non‐native 0Acorus americanus sweetflag native 6 ‐5Acorus calamus calamus native 6 ‐5Actaea pachypoda white baneberry native 7 5Actaea racemosa black baneberry non‐native 0Actaea rubra red baneberry native 7 3Actinidia arguta tara vine non‐native 0Adiantum aleuticum Aleutian maidenhair native 9 3Adiantum pedatum northern maidenhair native 8 3Adlumia fungosa allegheny vine native 7Aegopodium podagraria bishop's goutweed non‐native 0 0



Aesculus glabra Ohio buckeye non‐native 0 0Aesculus hippocastanum horse chestnut non‐native 0Aethusa cynapium fool's parsley non‐native 0Agalinis maritima saltmarsh false foxglove native 7 ‐3Agalinis neoscotica Nova Scotia false foxglove native 8 ‐3Agalinis paupercula smallflower false foxglove native 4 ‐5Agalinis tenuifolia slenderleaf false foxglove native 4 ‐3Ageratina altissima white snakeroot native 6 3Agrimonia gryposepala tall hairy agrimony native 4 3Agrimonia striata roadside agrimony native 4 3Agropyron pungens tick quackgrass non‐native 0Agrostemma githago common corncockle non‐native 0Agrostis canina velvet bentgrass native 3 5Agrostis capillaris colonial bentgrass non‐native 0 0Agrostis elliottiana Elliot's bentgrass non‐native 0 3Agrostis gigantea redtop non‐native 0 ‐3Agrostis hyemalis winter bentgrass native 4 0Agrostis mertensii northern bentgrass native 9 3Agrostis perennans upland bentgrass native 3 3Agrostis scabra rough bentgrass native 2 0Agrostis stolonifera creeping bentgrass non‐native 0 ‐3Agrostis tenuis colonial bentgrass non‐native 0Ailanthus altissima tree of heaven non‐native 0 5Ajuga genevensis blue bugle non‐native 0Ajuga reptans common bugle non‐native 0Alchemilla xanthochlora hairy lady's mantle non‐native 0Alisma subcordatum American water plantain native 4 ‐5Alisma triviale northern water plantain native 4 ‐5Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard non‐native 0 3Allium ×proliferum garden onion non‐native 0Allium canadense meadow garlic native 7 3



Allium cepa garden onion non‐native 0Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum wild chives native 7 3Allium tricoccum ramp native 8 3Allium vineale wild garlic non‐native 0 3Alnus glutinosa European alder non‐native 0 ‐3Alnus incana ssp. rugosa speckled alder native 2 ‐3Alnus serrulata hazel alder native 5 ‐5Alnus viridis ssp. crispa mountain alder native 4 0Alopecurus aequalis shortawn foxtail native 6 ‐5Alopecurus geniculatus water foxtail non‐native 0 ‐5Alopecurus myosuroides slender meadow foxtail non‐native 0 ‐3Alopecurus pratensis meadow foxtail non‐native 0 0Alyssum alyssoides pale madwort non‐native 0Amaranthus albus prostrate pigweed non‐native 0 3Amaranthus blitoides mat amaranth non‐native 0 3Amaranthus cannabinus tidalmarsh amaranth native 7 ‐5Amaranthus caudatus love‐lies‐bleeding non‐native 0Amaranthus cruentus red amaranth non‐native 0Amaranthus hybridus slim amaranth non‐native 0Amaranthus powellii Powell's amaranth non‐native 0Amaranthus retroflexus redroot amaranth non‐native 0 3Amaranthus spinosus spiny amaranth non‐native 0 3Amaranthus tuberculatus roughfruit amaranth non‐native 0 ‐5Ambrosia artemisiifolia annual ragweed native 2 3Ambrosia psilostachya Cuman ragweed non‐native 0 0Ambrosia trifida great ragweed native 2 0Amelanchier arborea common serviceberry native 5 3Amelanchier bartramiana oblongfruit serviceberry native 6 0Amelanchier canadensis Canadian serviceberry native 5 0Amelanchier laevis Allegheny serviceberry native 3Amelanchier nantucketensis Nantucket serviceberry native 4 3



Amelanchier sanguinea roundleaf serviceberry native 5Amelanchier sanguinea var. gaspensis Gaspé serviceberry native 7Amelanchier spicata low serviceberry native 4 3Amelanchier stolonifera low serviceberry native 4Amelanchier x intermedia intermediate serviceberry native 4Amerorchis rotundifolia roundleaf orchid native 10 ‐5Ammophila breviligulata American beachgrass native 6 5Amorpha fruticosa desert false indigo non‐native 0 ‐3Amphicarpaea bracteata American hogpeanut native 5 0Amsinckia douglasiana Douglas' fiddleneck non‐native 0Amsinckia menziesii Menzies' fiddleneck non‐native 0Anagallis arvensis scarlet pimpernel non‐native 0Anagallis arvensis ssp. arvensis scarlet pimpernel non‐native 0Anagallis arvensis ssp. foemina poorman's weatherglass non‐native 0Anaphalis margaritacea western pearly everlasting native 2 3Anchusa arvensis small bugloss non‐native 0Anchusa officinalis common bugloss non‐native 0Andromeda polifolia var. glaucophylla bog rosemary native 8 ‐5Andropogon gerardii big bluestem native 3 3Anemone americana round leaf hepatica native 7 ‐3Anemone canadensis Canadian anemone native 5 ‐3Anemone cylindrica candle anemone native 6Anemone multifida Pacific anemone native 9Anemone quinquefolia wood anemone native 6 3Anemone virginiana tall thimbleweed native 6 3Anethum graveolens dill non‐native 0Angelica atropurpurea purplestem angelica native 5 ‐5Angelica lucida seacoast angelica native 5 0Antennaria howellii Howell's pussytoes native 2Antennaria howellii ssp. canadensis Canadian pussytoes native 2Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica Howell's pussytoes native 2



Antennaria howellii ssp. petaloidea small pussytoes native 2Antennaria neglecta field pussytoes native 2 5Antennaria parlinii Parlin's pussytoes native 2Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax Parlin's pussytoes native 2Antennaria parlinii ssp. parlinii Parlin's pussytoes native 2Antennaria plantaginifolia woman's tobacco native 5Anthemis arvensis corn chamomile non‐native 0Anthemis cotula stinking chamomile non‐native 0 3Anthemis tinctoria golden chamomile non‐native 0Anthoxanthum aristatum annual vernalgrass non‐native 0Anthoxanthum monticola alpine sweetgrass native 9Anthoxanthum odoratum sweet vernalgrass non‐native 0 3Anthoxanthum ovatum Small sweet grass non‐native 0Anthriscus sylvestris wild chervil non‐native 0Apera interrupta dense silkybent non‐native 0Apera spica‐venti loose silkybent non‐native 0Apios americana groundnut native 4 ‐3Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane native 3 5Apocynum cannabinum Indianhemp native 3 0Aquilegia canadensis red columbine native 7 3Aquilegia vulgaris European columbine non‐native 0Arabidopsis thaliana mouseear cress non‐native 0Arabis drummondii Drummond's rockcress native 7Arabis glabra tower rockcress native 2Arabis hirsuta hairy rockcress native 6 3Arabis laevigata smooth rockcress native 8Arabis missouriensis green rockcress native 8Aralia hispida bristly sarsaparilla native 5Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla native 4 3Aralia racemosa American spikenard native 6 3Aralia spinosa devil's walkingstick non‐native 0 0



Arceuthobium pusillum eastern dwarf mistletoe native 6Arctium lappa greater burdock non‐native 0Arctium minus lesser burdock non‐native 0 3Arctium tomentosum woolly burdock non‐native 0Arctium vulgare greater burdock non‐native 0Arctostaphylos alpina alpine bearberry native 10 0Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi kinnikinnick native 6 5Arenaria serpyllifolia thymeleaf sandwort non‐native 0 0Arethusa bulbosa dragon's mouth native 8 ‐5Argentina anserina silverweed cinquefoil native 3 ‐3Argentina egedii Pacific silverweed native 6Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the pulpit native 6 0Aristida basiramea forked threeawn native 2Aristida dichotoma churchmouse threeawn native 2 3Aristida oligantha prairie threeawn non‐native 0Aristolochia macrophylla pipevine non‐native 0Armoracia rusticana horseradish non‐native 0Arnica lanceolata lanceleaf arnica native 9 0Arnoseris minima lamb succory non‐native 0Aronia melanocarpa black chokeberry native 5 0Arrhenatherum elatius tall oatgrass non‐native 0 3Arrhenatherum elatius var. elatius tall oatgrass non‐native 0 3Artemisia abrotanum southernwood non‐native 0Artemisia absinthium absinthium non‐native 0Artemisia annua sweet sagewort non‐native 0 3Artemisia biennis biennial wormwood non‐native 0 ‐3Artemisia biennis var. biennis biennial wormwood non‐native 0 ‐3Artemisia campestris ssp. canadensis field wormwood native 8 5Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata field sagewort native 7 5Artemisia ludoviciana white sagebrush non‐native 0 5Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. Ludoviciana white sagebrush non‐native 0 5



Artemisia pontica Roman wormwood non‐native 0Artemisia stelleriana oldwoman non‐native 0 3Artemisia vulgaris common wormwood non‐native 0 5Aruncus dioicus bride's feathers non‐native 0 3Aruncus dioicus var. dioicus bride's feathers non‐native 0 3Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris bride's feathers non‐native 0 3Asarum canadense Canadian wildginger native 7 5Asclepias exaltata poke milkweed native 5 5Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed native 4 ‐5Asclepias incarnata ssp. incarnata swamp milkweed native 4 ‐5Asclepias incarnata ssp. Pulchra swamp milkweed native 4 ‐5Asclepias syriaca common milkweed native 2 5Asparagus asparagus non‐native 0Asparagus officinalis garden asparagus non‐native 0 3Asplenium platyneuron ebony spleenwort native 8 3Asplenium trichomanes maidenhair spleenwort native 8 5Asplenium trichomanes‐ramosum brightgreen spleenwort native 10 5Astragalus alpinus alpine milkvetch native 9 0Astragalus alpinus var. brunetianus alpine milkvetch native 9 0Astragalus robbinsii var. minor Robbins' milkvetch native 8 5Athyrium filix‐femina common ladyfern native 3 0Atriplex glabriuscula Scotland orache native 7 3Atriplex glabriuscula var. acadiensis maritime saltbush native 7 3Atriplex littoralis grassleaf orache non‐native 0Atriplex patula spear saltbush non‐native 0 ‐3Atriplex prostrata triangle orache non‐native 0 0Atriplex subspicata saline saltbush native 7 ‐3Aureolaria flava smooth yellow false foxglove native 4Aureolaria pedicularia fernleaf yellow false foxglove native 5Avena fatua wild oat non‐native 0Avena sativa common oat non‐native 0 5



Axyris amaranthoides Russian pigweed non‐native 0Balsamita major costmary non‐native 0Barbarea verna early yellowrocket non‐native 0Barbarea vulgaris garden yellowrocket non‐native 0 0Bartonia paniculata twining screwstem native 8 ‐5Bartonia paniculata ssp. iodandra twining screwstem native 8 ‐5Bartonia paniculata ssp. paniculata twining screwstem native 8 ‐5Bartonia virginica yellow screwstem native 5 ‐3Bassia hyssopifolia fivehorn smotherweed non‐native 0 ‐3Bassia scoparia burningbush non‐native 0 3Beckmannia syzigachne American sloughgrass non‐native 0 ‐5Bellis perennis lawndaisy non‐native 0Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry non‐native 0 3Berberis vulgaris common barberry non‐native 0 3Berteroa incana hoary alyssum non‐native 0Beta vulgaris common beet non‐native 0Betula alba downy birch non‐native 0Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch native 5 0Betula glandulosa dwarf birch native 9 ‐5Betula lenta sweet birch native 5 3Betula minor dwarf white birch native 9Betula nana dwarf birch native 9 0Betula papyrifera paper birch native 3 3Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia mountain paper birch native 6 3Betula papyrifera var. papyrifera paper birch native 2 3Betula pendula European white birch non‐native 0 3Betula platyphylla Asian white birch non‐native 0Betula populifolia gray birch native 2 0Betula pubescens downy birch non‐native 0 ‐3Betula pubescens ssp. pubescens downy birch non‐native 0 ‐3Betula pumila bog birch native 7 ‐5



Betula x caerulea blue birch native 6Bidens aristosa bearded beggarticks native 2 ‐3Bidens beckii Beck's water‐marigold native 6 ‐5Bidens cernua nodding beggartick non‐native 0 ‐5Bidens connata purplestem beggarticks native 3 ‐3Bidens discoidea small beggarticks native 4 ‐3Bidens eatonii Eaton's beggarticks native 6 ‐5Bidens frondosa devil's beggartick native 2 ‐3Bidens hyperborea estuary beggarticks native 6 ‐5Bidens tripartita threelobe beggarticks non‐native 0 ‐3Bidens vulgata big devils beggartick native 2 0Boehmeria cylindrica smallspike false nettle native 5 ‐5Borago officinalis common borage non‐native 0Botrychium dissectum cutleaf grapefern native 4Botrychium lanceolatum lanceleaf grapefern native 5 ‐3Botrychium lunaria common moonwort native 4 ‐3Botrychium matricariifolium matricary grapefern native 5 3Botrychium multifidum leathery grapefern native 4Botrychium oneidense bluntlobe grapefern native 4Botrychium simplex little grapefern native 3 0Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern native 7Bouteloua curtipendula sideoats grama non‐native 0Bouteloua gracilis blue grama non‐native 0Bouteloua radicosa purple grama non‐native 0Bouteloua simplex matted grama non‐native 0Brachyelytrum aristosum northern shorthusk native 6 3Brachyelytrum septentrionale northern shorthusk native 5 3Brasenia schreberi watershield native 6 ‐5Brassica juncea India mustard non‐native 0 5Brassica napus rape non‐native 0Brassica nigra black mustard non‐native 0



Brassica rapa field mustard non‐native 0 5Briza media perennial quakinggrass non‐native 0 0Bromus arvensis field brome non‐native 0 3Bromus ciliatus fringed brome native 5 ‐3Bromus commutatus bald brome non‐native 0Bromus erectus erect brome non‐native 0Bromus hordeaceus soft brome non‐native 0 5Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus soft brome non‐native 0 5Bromus inermis smooth brome non‐native 0 5Bromus japonicus field brome non‐native 0Bromus kalmii arctic brome native 7 0Bromus latiglumis earlyleaf brome native 6 ‐3Bromus marginatus mountain brome non‐native 0Bromus pubescens hairy woodland brome native 7 3Bromus racemosus bald brome non‐native 0Bromus secalinus var. secalinus rye brome non‐native 0Bromus tectorum cheatgrass non‐native 0Buglossoides arvensis corn gromwell non‐native 0Bulbostylis capillaris densetuft hairsedge native 2 3Butomus umbellatus flowering rush non‐native 0 ‐5Cakile edentula American searocket native 7 3Calamagrostis canadensis bluejoint native 2 ‐5Calamagrostis cinnoides bluejoint native 3 ‐5Calamagrostis pickeringii Pickering's reedgrass native 5 ‐3Calamagrostis stricta ssp. inexpansa northern reedgrass native 8 ‐3Calamagrostis stricta ssp. stricta slimstem reedgrass native 8 ‐3Calamagrostis stricta ssp. stricta var. stricta slimstem reedgrass native 8 ‐3Calla palustris water arum native 6 ‐5Callistephus chinensis China aster non‐native 0Callitriche heterophylla twoheaded water‐starwort native 4 ‐5Callitriche palustris vernal water‐starwort native 4 ‐5



Callitriche terrestris terrestrial water‐starwort native 4 ‐3Calluna vulgaris heather non‐native 0 0Calopogon tuberosus tuberous grasspink native 5 ‐5Caltha palustris yellow marsh marigold native 6 ‐5Calypso bulbosa fairy slipper native 8 ‐3Calystegia hederacea Japanese false bindweed non‐native 0Calystegia pellita Japanese false bindweed non‐native 0Calystegia sepium hedge false bindweed native 2 0Calystegia sepium ssp. angulata hedge false bindweed native 2 0Calystegia sepium ssp. appalachiana Appalachia false bindweed native 2 0Calystegia spithamaea low false bindweed native 4Camelina microcarpa littlepod false flax non‐native 0 5Camelina sativa gold‐of‐pleasure non‐native 0 3Campanula aparinoides marsh bellflower native 5 ‐5Campanula bononiensis European bellflower non‐native 0Campanula glomerata Dane's blood non‐native 0Campanula latifolia giant bellflower non‐native 0Campanula rapunculoides rampion bellflower non‐native 0Campanula rotundifolia bluebell bellflower native 5 3Campanula trachelium bats in the belfry non‐native 0Cannabis sativa marijuana non‐native 0 3Capsella bursa‐pastoris shepherd's purse non‐native 0 3Caragana arborescens Siberian peashrub non‐native 0Cardamine bellidifolia alpine bittercress native 10 ‐3Cardamine concatenata cutleaf toothwort native 8 3Cardamine diphylla crinkleroot native 6 3Cardamine impatiens narrowleaf bittercress non‐native 0 0Cardamine longii Long's bittercress native 8 ‐5Cardamine maxima large toothwort native 6 3Cardamine parviflora sand bittercress native 4 0Cardamine parviflora var. arenicola sand bittercress native 4 0



Cardamine pensylvanica Pennsylvania bittercress native 5 ‐3Cardamine pratensis cuckoo flower non‐native 1Cardaria draba whitetop non‐native 0Carduus acanthoides spiny plumeless thistle non‐native 0Carduus crispus curly plumeless thistle non‐native 0Carex × stenolepis UNK native 8 0Carex adusta lesser brown sedge native 3Carex albicans Peck's sedge native 5 5Carex albicans var. albicans whitetinge sedge native 5 5Carex albicans var. emmonsii Emmons' sedge native 5 5Carex alopecoidea foxtail sedge native 8 ‐3Carex annectens yellowfruit sedge native 2 ‐3Carex appalachica Appalachian sedge native 6Carex aquatilis water sedge native 6 ‐5Carex arcta northern cluster sedge native 6 ‐5Carex arctata drooping woodland sedge native 4Carex argyrantha hay sedge native 3Carex atherodes wheat sedge native 3 ‐5Carex atlantica prickly bog sedge native 6 ‐3Carex atlantica ssp. atlantica prickly bog sedge native 6 ‐3Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea prickly bog sedge native 6 ‐3Carex atratiformis scrabrous black sedge native 8 ‐3Carex aurea golden sedge native 4 ‐3Carex backii Back's sedge native 7Carex bebbii Bebb's sedge native 4 ‐5Carex bigelowii Bigelow's sedge native 8 ‐3Carex blanda eastern woodland sedge native 6 0Carex brevior shortbeak sedge native 3 0Carex bromoides brome‐like sedge native 4 ‐3Carex brunnescens brownish sedge native 4 ‐3Carex bullata button sedge native 7 ‐5



Carex buxbaumii Buxbaum's sedge native 7 ‐5Carex canescens silvery sedge native 5 ‐5Carex capillaris hair‐like sedge native 8 ‐3Carex caryophyllea vernal sedge non‐native 0Carex castanea chestnut sedge native 6 ‐3Carex cephaloidea thinleaf sedge native 7 3Carex cephalophora oval‐leaf sedge native 5 3Carex chordorrhiza creeping sedge native 7 ‐5Carex communis fibrousroot sedge native 3Carex comosa longhair sedge native 6 ‐5Carex conoidea openfield sedge native 4 ‐3Carex crawfordii Crawford's sedge native 2 ‐3Carex crinita fringed sedge native 3 ‐5Carex crinita var. crinita fringed sedge native 3 ‐5Carex crinita var. porteri Porter's fringed sedge native 3 ‐5Carex cryptolepis northeastern sedge native 5 ‐5Carex cumulata clustered sedge native 3 3Carex debilis white edge sedge native 3 ‐3Carex deflexa northern sedge native 3Carex deweyana Dewey sedge native 5 3Carex diandra lesser panicled sedge native 8 ‐5Carex digitalis slender woodland sedge native 6 5Carex disperma softleaf sedge native 5 ‐5Carex eburnea bristleleaf sedge native 9 3Carex echinata star sedge native 3 ‐5Carex exilis coastal sedge native 7 ‐5Carex flava yellow sedge native 4 ‐5Carex foenea bronze sedge native 4 5Carex folliculata northern long sedge native 5 ‐5Carex garberi elk sedge native 7 ‐3Carex gracillima graceful sedge native 2 3



Carex granularis limestone meadow sedge native 4 ‐3Carex grisea inflated narrow‐leaf sedge native 5 0Carex gynandra nodding sedge native 2 ‐5Carex gynocrates northern bog sedge native 8 ‐5Carex haydenii Hayden's sedge native 4 ‐5Carex hirsutella fuzzy wuzzy sedge native 3Carex hirta hammer sedge non‐native 0Carex hirtifolia pubescent sedge native 6Carex hormathodes marsh straw sedge native 6 ‐5Carex houghtoniana Houghton's sedge native 3Carex hystericina bottlebrush sedge native 4 ‐5Carex interior inland sedge native 6 ‐5Carex intumescens greater bladder sedge native 3 ‐3Carex lacustris hairy sedge native 3 ‐5Carex laevivaginata smoothsheath sedge native 7 ‐5Carex lasiocarpa woollyfruit sedge native 6 ‐5Carex laxiculmis spreading sedge native 7Carex laxiflora broad looseflower sedge native 6 5Carex lenticularis lakeshore sedge native 6 ‐5Carex leptalea bristlystalked sedge native 5 ‐5Carex leptonervia nerveless woodland sedge native 3 0Carex limosa mud sedge native 7 ‐5Carex livida livid sedge native 9 ‐5Carex lucorum Blue Ridge sedge native 3Carex lupulina hop sedge native 5 ‐5Carex lurida shallow sedge native 2 ‐5Carex mackenziei Mackenzie's sedge native 7 ‐3Carex magellanica boreal bog sedge native 7 ‐5Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua boreal bog sedge native 7 ‐5Carex media closedhead sedge native 9 ‐3Carex merritt‐fernaldii Fernald's sedge native 2



Carex michauxiana Michaux's sedge native 7 ‐5Carex nigra smooth black sedge native 3 ‐3Carex normalis greater straw sedge native 2 ‐3Carex norvegica ssp. inferalpina closedhead sedge native 8Carex novae‐angliae New England sedge native 6 3Carex oligosperma fewseed sedge native 7 ‐5Carex ormostachya necklace spike sedge native 5Carex oronensis Orono sedge native 3Carex ovalis eggbract sedge non‐native 0 0Carex paleacea chaffy sedge native 7 ‐5Carex pallescens pale sedge native 3 0Carex panicea grass‐like sedge non‐native 0Carex pauciflora fewflower sedge native 8 ‐5Carex peckii Peck's sedge native 5Carex pedunculata longstalk sedge native 5 3Carex pellita woolly sedge native 6 ‐5Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge native 5Carex plantaginea plantainleaf sedge native 7Carex platyphylla broadleaf sedge native 7Carex polymorpha variable sedge native 4 3Carex praegracilis clustered field sedge non‐native 0 ‐3Carex prairea prairie sedge native 7 ‐3Carex prasina drooping sedge native 5 ‐5Carex projecta necklace sedge native 3 ‐3Carex pseudocyperus cypress‐like sedge native 4 ‐5Carex radiata eastern star sedge native 4 0Carex retrorsa knotsheath sedge native 4 ‐5Carex rosea rosy sedge native 5 3Carex rostrata blueleaf sedge native 7 ‐5Carex saxatilis rock sedge native 9 ‐3Carex scabrata eastern rough sedge native 5 ‐5



Carex scirpoidea northern singlespike sedge native 9 3Carex scoparia broom sedge native 2 ‐3Carex siccata dryspike sedge native 5 5Carex silicea beach sedge native 5Carex sparganioides bur‐reed sedge native 7 3Carex spicata prickly sedge non‐native 0 3Carex sprengelii Sprengel's sedge native 5 0Carex sterilis dioecious sedge native 7 ‐5Carex stipata awlfruit sedge native 3 ‐5Carex stricta upright sedge native 4 ‐5Carex swanii Swan's sedge native 4 3Carex tenera quill sedge native 2 0Carex tenuiflora sparseflower sedge native 7 ‐5Carex tetanica rigid sedge native 8 ‐3Carex tincta tinged sedge native 2Carex tonsa shaved sedge native 3Carex torta twisted sedge native 7 ‐5Carex tribuloides blunt broom sedge native 3 ‐3Carex trisperma threeseeded sedge native 4 ‐5Carex trisperma var. billingsii threeseeded sedge native 6 ‐5Carex tuckermanii Tuckerman's sedge native 4 ‐5Carex typhina cattail sedge native 6 ‐5Carex umbellata parasol sedge native 3Carex utriculata Northwest Territory sedge native 5 ‐5Carex vacillans salt marsh sedge native 9Carex vaginata sheathed sedge native 8 ‐5Carex vesicaria blister sedge native 5 ‐5Carex vestita velvet sedge native 3Carex virescens ribbed sedge native 3Carex viridula little green sedge native 7 ‐5Carex vulpinoidea fox sedge native 2 ‐5



Carex wiegandii Wiegand's sedge native 6 ‐5Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam native 5 0Carum carvi caraway non‐native 0 5Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory native 6 0Carya laciniosa shellbark hickory non‐native 0 ‐3Carya ovalis red hickory non‐native 0 3Carya ovata shagbark hickory native 5 3Castanea dentata American chestnut native 6Castilleja septentrionalis Labrador Indian paintbrush native 8 3Catalpa bignonioides southern catalpa non‐native 0 3Catalpa speciosa northern catalpa non‐native 0 3Caulophyllum thalictroides blue cohosh native 7Ceanothus americanus New Jersey tea native 6Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental bittersweet non‐native 0 5Celastrus scandens American bittersweet native 6 3Cenchrus spinifex coastal sandbur non‐native 0Cenchrus tribuloides sanddune sandbur native 8 5Centaurea cyanus garden cornflower non‐native 0 5Centaurea jacea brownray knapweed non‐native 0 3Centaurea montana perennial cornflower non‐native 0Centaurea nigra lesser knapweed non‐native 0Centaurea nigrescens Tyrol knapweed non‐native 0Centaurea scabiosa greater knapweed non‐native 0Centaurea stoebe spotted knapweed non‐native 0Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos spotted knapweed non‐native 0Centaurium pulchellum branched centaury non‐native 0 0Cephalanthus occidentalis common buttonbush native 6 ‐5Cerastium arvense field chickweed native 3 3Cerastium fontanum common mouse‐ear chickweed non‐native 0 3Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare big chickweed non‐native 0 3Cerastium pumilum European chickweed non‐native 0



Cerastium tomentosum snow in summer non‐native 0Cerastium vulgatum big chickweed non‐native 0Ceratophyllum demersum coon's tail native 3 ‐5Ceratophyllum echinatum spineless hornwort native 6 ‐5Chaenorhinum minus dwarf snapdragon non‐native 0Chamaecrista nictitans ssp. nictitans var. nictitans partridge pea non‐native 0 3Chamaecyparis thyoides Atlantic white cedar native 7 ‐5Chamaedaphne calyculata leatherleaf native 5 ‐5Chamaesyce glyptosperma ribseed sandmat native 2Chamaesyce maculata spotted sandmat native 2 3Chamaesyce polygonifolia seaside sandmat native 6 5Chamaesyce vermiculata wormseed sandmat native 2Chamerion angustifolium fireweed native 2Chelidonium majus celandine non‐native 0 5Chelone glabra white turtlehead native 6 ‐5Chelone lyonii pink turtlehead non‐native 0 ‐3Chenopodium album lambsquarters non‐native 0 3Chenopodium ambrosioides Mexican tea non‐native 0Chenopodium berlandieri pitseed goosefoot native 2Chenopodium bonus‐henricus good King Henry non‐native 0Chenopodium botrys Jerusalem oak goosefoot non‐native 0Chenopodium capitatum blite goosefoot native 2Chenopodium foggii Fogg's goosefoot native 8Chenopodium foliosum leafy goosefoot non‐native 0 3Chenopodium glaucum oakleaf goosefoot non‐native 0 ‐3Chenopodium graveolens fetid goosefoot non‐native 0Chenopodium incanum mealy goosefoot non‐native 0Chenopodium leptophyllum narrowleaf goosefoot non‐native 0 3Chenopodium murale nettleleaf goosefoot non‐native 0 3Chenopodium polyspermum manyseed goosefoot non‐native 0Chenopodium pratericola desert goosefoot non‐native 0



Chenopodium rubrum red goosefoot native 7 ‐5Chenopodium simplex mapleleaf goosefoot native 6Chenopodium strictum ssp. glaucophyllum lateflowering goosefoot non‐native 0Chenopodium urbicum city goosefoot non‐native 0Chimaphila maculata striped prince's pine native 6Chimaphila umbellata pipsissewa native 6Chloris cucullata hooded windmill grass non‐native 0Chloris gayana Rhodes grass non‐native 0 3Chloris virgata feather fingergrass non‐native 0 3Chrysosplenium americanum American golden saxifrage native 5 ‐5Cichorium intybus chicory non‐native 0 3Cicuta bulbifera bulblet‐bearing water hemlock native 4 ‐5Cicuta maculata spotted water hemlock native 4 ‐5Cinna arundinacea sweet woodreed native 6 ‐3Cinna latifolia drooping woodreed native 5 ‐3Circaea alpina small enchanter's nightshade native 5 ‐3Circaea lutetiana broadleaf enchanter's nightshade native 5Cirsium arvense Canada thistle non‐native 0 3Cirsium discolor field thistle native 2 5Cirsium muticum swamp thistle native 4 ‐5Cirsium pumilum pasture thistle native 2Cirsium vulgare bull thistle non‐native 0 3Citrullus lanatus watermelon non‐native 0 5Cladium mariscoides smooth sawgrass native 6 ‐5Cladrastis kentukea Kentucky yellowwood non‐native 0Claytonia caroliniana Carolina springbeauty native 6 3Clematis occidentalis western blue virginsbower native 6Clematis virginiana devil's darning needles native 3 0Cleome serrulata Rocky Mountain beeplant non‐native 0 3Clethra alnifolia coastal sweetpepperbush native 4 0Clinopodium acinos basil thyme non‐native 0



Clinopodium vulgare wild basil non‐native 0Clintonia borealis bluebead native 3 0Coeloglossum viride longbract frog orchid native 7 0Collomia linearis tiny trumpet non‐native 0 3Comandra umbellata bastard toadflax native 4 3Comarum palustre purple marshlocks native 5 ‐5Commelina communis Asiatic dayflower non‐native 0 0Comptonia peregrina sweet fern native 2Conioselinum chinense Chinese hemlockparsley native 6 ‐3Conium maculatum poison hemlock non‐native 0 ‐3Conopholis americana American cancer‐root native 7Conringia orientalis hare's ear mustard non‐native 0Consolida ajacis doubtful knight's‐spur non‐native 0Convallaria majalis European lily of the valley non‐native 0Convallaria majuscula American lily‐of‐the‐valley non‐native 0Convolvulus arvensis field bindweed non‐native 0Convolvulus wallichianus Wallich's bindweed non‐native 0Conyza canadensis Canadian horseweed native 2Coptis trifolia threeleaf goldthread native 6 ‐3Corallorhiza autumnalis native 7Corallorhiza maculata summer coralroot native 6 3Corallorhiza odontorhiza autumn coralroot native 7Corallorhiza trifida yellow coralroot native 7 ‐3Corema conradii broom crowberry native 6Coreopsis grandiflora largeflower tickseed non‐native 0Coreopsis lanceolata lanceleaf tickseed non‐native 0 3Coreopsis tinctoria golden tickseed non‐native 0 3Cornus alternifolia alternateleaf dogwood native 3 3Cornus amomum silky dogwood native 2 ‐3Cornus canadensis bunchberry dogwood native 4 0Cornus florida flowering dogwood native 7 3



Cornus racemosa gray dogwood native 4 0Cornus rugosa roundleaf dogwood native 5Cornus sericea redosier dogwood native 2 ‐3Cornus sericea ssp. sericea redosier dogwood native 3 ‐3Cornus stolonifera redosier dogwood native 2Coronilla varia crownvetch non‐native 0Coronopus didymus Lesser swine‐cress non‐native 0Corydalis sempervirens rock harlequin native 6Corylus americana American hazelnut native 5 3Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut native 3 3Corynephorus canescens gray clubawn grass non‐native 0Cosmos bipinnatus garden cosmos non‐native 0 0Cosmos parviflorus southwestern cosmos non‐native 0 3Crassula aquatica water pygmyweed native 7 ‐5Crataegus chrysocarpa fireberry hawthorn native 2Crataegus crus‐galli cockspur hawthorn non‐native 0 0Crataegus faxonii red haw native 2Crataegus flabellata fanleaf hawthorn native 2Crataegus flabellata var. flabellata fanleaf hawthorn native 2Crataegus flabellata var. grayana fanleaf hawthorn native 2Crataegus flavida Dodge's hawthorn native 2Crataegus fluviatilis bigfruit hawthorn native 2Crataegus fretalis bigfruit hawthorn native 2Crataegus holmesiana Holmes' hawthorn non‐native 0Crataegus irrasa var. blanchardii Blanchard's hawthorn native 2Crataegus jonesiae Miss Jones' hawthorn native 2Crataegus keepii Keep's hawthorn native 2Crataegus laurentiana Miss Jones' hawthorn native 2Crataegus lemingtonensis Lemington hawthorn native 2Crataegus macracantha var. macracantha Lemington hawthorn native 2Crataegus macracantha var. occidentalis fleshy hawthorn native 2



Crataegus macrosperma bigfruit hawthorn native 2Crataegus monogyna oneseed hawthorn non‐native 0 3Crataegus oakesiana Blanchard's hawthorn native 2Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington hawthorn non‐native 0 0Crataegus pruinosa var. pruinosa Waxyfruit hawthorn native 2Crataegus schuettei Schuette's hawthorn native 2Crataegus submollis Quebec hawthorn native 2Crepis capillaris smooth hawksbeard non‐native 0 5Crepis tectorum narrowleaf hawksbeard non‐native 0Crocanthemum bicknellii hoary frostweed native 4Crocanthemum canadense longbranch frostweed native 4Cryptogramma stelleri fragile rockbrake native 10 3Cryptotaenia canadensis Canadian honewort native 7 0Cucurbita maxima winter squash non‐native 0Cuscuta cephalanthi buttonbush dodder native 3Cuscuta epithymum clover dodder non‐native 0Cuscuta europaea greater dodder non‐native 0Cuscuta gronovii scaldweed native 2Cyclachaena xanthifolia giant sumpweed non‐native 0Cynanchum louiseae Louise's swallow‐wort non‐native 0Cynoglossum officinale gypsyflower non‐native 0 5Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale wild comfrey native 7Cynosurus cristatus crested dogstail grass non‐native 0 0Cyperus bipartitus slender flatsedge native 3 ‐3Cyperus dentatus toothed flatsedge native 3 ‐5Cyperus diandrus umbrella flatsedge native 3 ‐5Cyperus esculentus yellow nutsedge native 2 ‐3Cyperus filicinus fern flatsedge native 5 ‐5Cyperus lupulinus Great Plains flatsedge native 3 3Cyperus lupulinus ssp. macilentus Great Plains flatsedge native 3 3Cyperus polystachyos manyspike flatsedge native 7 ‐3



Cyperus squarrosus bearded flatsedge native 5 ‐5Cyperus strigosus strawcolored flatsedge native 3 ‐3Cypripedium acaule moccasin flower native 4 ‐3Cypripedium arietinum ram's head lady's slipper native 6 ‐3Cypripedium parviflorum var. makasin greater yellow lady's slipper native 8 0Cypripedium parviflorum var. parviflorum lesser yellow lady's slipper native 7 0Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens greater yellow lady's slipper native 7 0Cypripedium reginae showy lady's slipper native 8 ‐3Cystopteris bulbifera bulblet bladderfern native 6 ‐3Cystopteris fragilis brittle bladderfern native 6 3Cystopteris tenuis upland brittle bladderfern native 6Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom non‐native 0Dactylis glomerata orchardgrass non‐native 0 3Dactyloctenium aegyptium Egyptian grass non‐native 0Dactylorhiza viridis longbract frog orchid native 5Dalibarda repens robin runaway native 5 0Danthonia compressa flattened oatgrass native 3 3Danthonia spicata poverty oatgrass native 2Daphne mezereum paradise plant non‐native 0 3Dasiphora fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil native 8 ‐3Dasiphora fruticosa ssp. floribunda shrubby cinquefoil native 8 ‐3Datura inoxia pricklyburr non‐native 0Datura stramonium jimsonweed non‐native 0Daucus carota Queen Anne's lace non‐native 0 5Decodon verticillatus swamp loosestrife native 6 ‐5Delphinium exaltatum tall larkspur non‐native 0Dennstaedtia punctilobula eastern hayscented fern native 2 5Deparia acrostichoides silver false spleenwort native 3 0Deschampsia cespitosa tufted hairgrass native 4Deschampsia danthonioides annual hairgrass non‐native 0 ‐3Deschampsia elongata slender hairgrass non‐native 0 ‐3



Deschampsia flexuosa wavy hairgrass native 4 3Descurainia sophia herb sophia non‐native 0Desmodium canadense showy ticktrefoil native 4 0Desmodium glutinosum pointedleaf ticktrefoil native 6Desmodium nudiflorum nakedflower ticktrefoil native 6Desmodium paniculatum panicledleaf ticktrefoil native 6 3Desmodium perplexum perplexed ticktrefoil native 5Dianthus armeria Deptford pink non‐native 0 5Dianthus barbatus sweetwilliam non‐native 0Dianthus deltoides maiden pink non‐native 0 5Dianthus plumarius feathered pink non‐native 0Diapensia lapponica pincushion plant native 10Dicentra canadensis squirrel corn native 7Dicentra cucullaria dutchman's breeches native 7Dicentra spectabilis bleeding heart non‐native 0Dichanthelium acuminatum tapered rosette grass native 4 0Dichanthelium acuminatum ssp. columbianum hemlock rosette grass native 5 0Dichanthelium acuminatum ssp. Implicatum tapered rosette grass native 4 0Dichanthelium acuminatum ssp. spretum Eaton's rosette grass native 4 0Dichanthelium acuminatum var. lindheimeri Lindheimer panicgrass native 4 0Dichanthelium boreale northern panicgrass native 3 0Dichanthelium clandestinum deertongue native 2 ‐3Dichanthelium depauperatum starved panicgrass native 2Dichanthelium dichotomum cypress panicgrass native 2 0Dichanthelium latifolium broadleaf rosette grass native 4 3Dichanthelium linearifolium slimleaf panicgrass native 4Dichanthelium oligosanthes Heller's rosette grass native 3 3Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon roundseed panicgrass native 3 3Dichanthelium xanthophysum slender rosette grass native 4Diervilla lonicera northern bush honeysuckle native 3Digitalis grandiflora yellow foxglove non‐native 0



Digitalis lanata Grecian foxglove non‐native 0Digitalis purpurea purple foxglove non‐native 0 3Digitaria ischaemum smooth crabgrass non‐native 0 3Digitaria sanguinalis hairy crabgrass non‐native 0 3Diphasiastrum digitatum fan clubmoss native 3Diphasiastrum sitchense Sitka clubmoss native 9Diphasiastrum tristachyum deeproot clubmoss native 4Diplotaxis muralis annual wallrocket non‐native 0Diplotaxis tenuifolia perennial wallrocket non‐native 0Dirca palustris eastern leatherwood native 7 0Distichlis spicata saltgrass native 5 ‐3Doellingeria umbellata parasol whitetop native 2 ‐3Doellingeria umbellata var. umbellata parasol whitetop native 2 ‐3Draba arabisans rock draba native 7Draba breweri var. cana cushion draba native 9Draba verna spring draba non‐native 0Drosera anglica English sundew native 9 ‐5Drosera intermedia spoonleaf sundew native 3 ‐5Drosera linearis slenderleaf sundew native 9 ‐5Drosera rotundifolia roundleaf sundew native 3 ‐5Dryopteris campyloptera mountain woodfern native 4 3Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern native 4 ‐3Dryopteris clintoniana Clinton's woodfern native 5 ‐3Dryopteris cristata crested woodfern native 4 ‐5Dryopteris filix‐mas male fern native 8Dryopteris fragrans fragrant woodfern native 9Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's woodfern native 7 0Dryopteris intermedia intermediate woodfern native 2 0Dryopteris marginalis marginal woodfern native 5 3Dryopteris x boottii Boott's wood fern native 6 ‐3Dryopteris x triploidea triploid wood fern native 4 0



Dryopteris x uliginosa spinulose crested wood fern native 4 0Dulichium arundinaceum threeway sedge native 5 ‐5Dyssodia papposa fetid marigold non‐native 0Echinacea pallida pale purple coneflower non‐native 0Echinochloa crus‐galli barnyardgrass non‐native 0 0Echinochloa frumentacea billion‐dollar grass non‐native 0 0Echinochloa muricata rough barnyardgrass native 2 ‐5Echinochloa muricata var. microstachya rough barnyardgrass native 2 ‐5Echinochloa muricata var. muricata rough barnyardgrass native 2 ‐5Echinocystis lobata wild cucumber native 3 ‐3Echinops sphaerocephalus great globethistle non‐native 0Echium creticum Cretan viper's bugloss non‐native 0Echium vulgare common viper's bugloss non‐native 0Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian olive non‐native 0 3Elaeagnus umbellata autumn olive non‐native 0Elatine americana American waterwort native 6 ‐5Elatine minima small waterwort native 6 ‐5Elatine triandra threestamen waterwort non‐native 0 ‐5Eleocharis acicularis needle spikerush native 4 ‐5Eleocharis aestuum tidal spikerush native 8 ‐5Eleocharis diandra Wright's spikerush native 8 ‐5Eleocharis elliptica elliptic spikerush native 4 ‐5Eleocharis erythropoda bald spikerush native 3Eleocharis halophila onescale spikerush native 6 ‐5Eleocharis intermedia matted spikerush native 5 ‐5Eleocharis nitida quill spikerush native 3 ‐5Eleocharis obtusa blunt spikerush native 2 ‐5Eleocharis olivacea bright green spikerush native 3 ‐5Eleocharis ovata ovate spikerush native 4Eleocharis palustris common spikerush native 6 ‐5Eleocharis parvula dwarf spikerush native 7 ‐5



Eleocharis quinqueflora fewflower spikerush native 8 ‐5Eleocharis robbinsii Robbins' spikerush native 6 ‐5Eleocharis rostellata beaked spikerush native 8 ‐5Eleocharis tenuis slender spikerush native 3 ‐3Eleocharis uniglumis onescale spikerush native 6Eleusine indica Indian goosegrass non‐native 0 3Elodea canadensis Canadian waterweed native 5 ‐5Elodea nuttallii western waterweed native 6 ‐5Elsholtzia ciliata crested latesummer mint non‐native 0Elymus canadensis Canada wildrye native 5 3Elymus hystrix eastern bottlebrush grass native 6 3Elymus macgregorii Early wild‐rye native 8Elymus repens quackgrass non‐native 0 3Elymus riparius riverbank wildrye native 6 ‐3Elymus trachycaulus slender wheatgrass native 2 3Elymus trachycaulus ssp. glaucus slender wheatgrass native 4 3Elymus trachycaulus ssp. trachycaulus slender wheatgrass native 4 3Elymus virginicus Virginia wildrye native 6 ‐3Elymus virginicus var. halophilus Virginia wildrye native 6 ‐3Elymus virginicus var. virginicus Virginia wildrye native 6 ‐3Elymus wiegandii Wiegand's wildrye native 5 0Empetrum eamesii ssp. atropurpureum purple crowberry native 8Empetrum nigrum black crowberry native 5 0Epifagus virginiana beechdrops native 5Epigaea repens trailing arbutus native 4Epilobium anagallidifolium pimpernel willowherb native 10 ‐3Epilobium ciliatum fringed willowherb native 3 ‐3Epilobium ciliatum ssp. ciliatum fringed willowherb native 3 ‐3Epilobium ciliatum ssp. glandulosum fringed willowherb native 3 ‐3Epilobium coloratum purpleleaf willowherb native 3 ‐5Epilobium hirsutum codlins and cream native 2 ‐3



Epilobium hornemannii Hornemann's willowherb native 9 ‐3Epilobium lactiflorum milkflower willowherb native 10 ‐3Epilobium leptophyllum bog willowherb native 4 ‐5Epilobium palustre marsh willowherb native 4 ‐5Epilobium strictum downy willowherb native 3 ‐5Epipactis helleborine broadleaf helleborine non‐native 0 5Equisetum ×litorale littoral horsetail native 4 ‐5Equisetum ×mackaii MacKay's horsetail native 3 ‐3Equisetum arvense field horsetail native 2 0Equisetum fluviatile water horsetail native 6 ‐5Equisetum hyemale scouringrush horsetail native 2 0Equisetum hyemale var. affine scouringrush horsetail native 2 0Equisetum palustre marsh horsetail native 6 ‐3Equisetum pratense meadow horsetail native 3 ‐3Equisetum scirpoides dwarf scouringrush native 6 0Equisetum sylvaticum woodland horsetail native 5 ‐3Equisetum variegatum variegated scouringrush native 4 ‐3Eragrostis capillaris lace grass native 2Eragrostis cilianensis stinkgrass non‐native 0 3Eragrostis mexicana Mexican lovegrass non‐native 0 0Eragrostis minor little lovegrass non‐native 0Eragrostis pectinacea tufted lovegrass native 2 0Eragrostis pilosa Indian lovegrass native 2 3Eragrostis spectabilis purple lovegrass native 2 5Erechtites hieraciifolia American burnweed native 2Erica tetralix crossleaf heath non‐native 0 3Erigeron annuus eastern daisy fleabane native 2 3Erigeron hyssopifolius hyssopleaf fleabane native 9 ‐3Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane native 2 0Erigeron pulchellus robin's plantain native 2 3Erigeron strigosus prairie fleabane native 2 3



Erigeron strigosus var. septentrionalis prairie fleabane native 2 3Eriocaulon aquaticum sevenangle pipewort native 7 ‐5Eriocaulon parkeri estuary pipewort native 8 ‐5Eriophorum angustifolium tall cottongrass native 6 ‐5Eriophorum gracile slender cottongrass native 6 ‐5Eriophorum tenellum fewnerved cottongrass native 7 ‐5Eriophorum vaginatum var. spissum tussock cottongrass native 6 ‐5Eriophorum virginicum tawny cottongrass native 6 ‐5Eriophorum viridicarinatum thinleaf cottonsedge native 8 ‐5Erodium botrys longbeak stork's bill non‐native 0 3Erodium cicutarium redstem stork's bill non‐native 0Erodium moschatum musky stork's bill non‐native 0Erucastrum gallicum common dogmustard non‐native 0Erysimum cheiranthoides wormseed wallflower native 2 3Erysimum inconspicuum shy wallflower non‐native 0Erythronium americanum dogtooth violet native 5Euonymus atropurpureus burningbush non‐native 0 3Euonymus europaeus European spindletree non‐native 0Eupatoriadelphus dubius coastal plain joe pye weed native 3Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus trumpetweed native 3Eupatoriadelphus maculatus spotted trumpetweed native 2Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset native 4 ‐3Eupatorium rotundifolium roundleaf thoroughwort non‐native 0 0Euphorbia corollata flowering spurge non‐native 0Euphorbia cyparissias cypress spurge non‐native 0Euphorbia esula leafy spurge non‐native 0Euphorbia glytosperma ribseed sandmat native 2Euphorbia helioscopia madwoman's milk non‐native 0Euphorbia maculata spotted sandmat native 2 3Euphorbia peplus petty spurge non‐native 0Euphorbia polygonifolia seaside sandmat native 5 5



Euphorbia vermiculata wormseed sandmat native 2Euphrasia nemorosa common eyebright non‐native 0Euphrasia oakesii Oakes' eyebright native 10Euphrasia randii small eyebright native 4 ‐3Euphrasia stricta drug eyebright non‐native 0 3Eurybia divaricata white wood aster native 6Eurybia macrophylla bigleaf aster native 4 5Eurybia radula low rough aster native 6 ‐5Euthamia caroliniana common goldentop native 6 0Euthamia graminifolia common goldentop native 2 0Fagopyrum esculentum buckwheat non‐native 0Fagopyrum tataricum Tartery buckwheat non‐native 0Fagus grandifolia American beech native 3 3Fagus sylvatica European beech non‐native 0Fallopia cilinodis fringed black bindweed native 4Festuca arundinacea tall fescue non‐native 0 3Festuca brevipila hard fescue non‐native 0Festuca filiformis fineleaf sheep fescue non‐native 0Festuca heteromalla Chewing's fescue non‐native 0Festuca nigrescens Chewing's fescue non‐native 0Festuca ovina sheep fescue non‐native 0 5Festuca rubra ssp. commutata Chewing's fescue non‐native 0 3Festuca rubra ssp. fallax Chewing's fescue non‐native 0 3Festuca rubra ssp. pruinosa rock fescue native 2 3Festuca rubra ssp. rubra red fescue non‐native 0 3Festuca rubra var. prolifera red fescue native 10 3Festuca subverticillata nodding fescue native 7 3Festuca trachyphylla hard fescue non‐native 0 5Filipendula rubra queen of the prairie non‐native 0 ‐3Filipendula ulmaria queen of the meadow non‐native 0 0Filipendula vulgaris dropwort non‐native 0



Fimbristylis autumnalis slender fimbry native 7 ‐3Foeniculum vulgare sweet fennel non‐native 0Fragaria vesca woodland strawberry native 4 5Fragaria virginiana Virginia strawberry native 2 3Frangula alnus glossy buckthorn non‐native 0 0Fraxinus americana white ash native 2 3Fraxinus nigra black ash native 6 ‐3Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash native 2 ‐3Fumaria officinalis drug fumitory non‐native 0Gaillardia pulchella firewheel non‐native 0 5Galearis spectabilis showy orchid native 8Galega officinalis professor‐weed non‐native 0Galeopsis bifida splitlip hempnettle non‐native 0Galeopsis tetrahit brittlestem hempnettle non‐native 0 3Galinsoga parviflora gallant soldier non‐native 0 5Galinsoga quadriradiata shaggy soldier non‐native 0 3Galium aparine stickywilly native 2 3Galium asprellum rough bedstraw native 2 ‐5Galium boreale northern bedstraw native 4 0Galium circaezans licorice bedstraw native 5 3Galium circaezans var. circaezans licorice bedstraw native 8 3Galium circaezans var. hypomalacum licorice bedstraw native 8 3Galium kamtschaticum boreal bedstraw native 6Galium labradoricum northern bog bedstraw native 9 ‐5Galium lanceolatum lanceleaf wild licorice native 6Galium mollugo false baby's breath non‐native 0 3Galium palustre common marsh bedstraw native 4 ‐5Galium sylvaticum Scotch mist non‐native 0Galium tinctorium stiff marsh bedstraw native 3 ‐5Galium trifidum threepetal bedstraw native 4 ‐3Galium trifidum var. halophilum threepetal bedstraw native 8 ‐3



Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw native 6 3Galium verum Yellow Spring bedstraw non‐native 0Gastridium phleoides nit grass non‐native 0 3Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry native 6 ‐3Gaultheria procumbens eastern teaberry native 4 3Gaylussacia baccata black huckleberry native 5 3Gaylussacia dumosa dwarf huckleberry native 8 0Genista tinctoria Dyer's greenweed non‐native 0Gentiana clausa bottle gentian native 6 ‐3Gentiana linearis narrowleaf gentian native 6 ‐3Gentiana rubricaulis closed gentian native 3 ‐5Gentianella amarella autumn dwarf gentian native 7 ‐5Gentianopsis crinita greater fringed gentian native 4 ‐3Geocaulon lividum false toadflax native 8 0Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's cranesbill native 3Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium native 3Geranium maculatum spotted geranium native 5 3Geranium molle dovefoot geranium non‐native 0Geranium pratense meadow geranium non‐native 0Geranium pusillum small geranium non‐native 0Geranium robertianum Robert geranium non‐native 0 3Geranium sanguineum bloody geranium non‐native 0Geum aleppicum yellow avens native 5 0Geum canadense white avens native 4 0Geum fragarioides Appalachian barren strawberry native 5Geum laciniatum rough avens native 6 ‐3Geum laciniatum var. laciniatum rough avens native 3 ‐3Geum laciniatum var. trichocarpum rough avens native 3 ‐3Geum macrophyllum largeleaf avens native 5 ‐3Geum rivale purple avens native 5 ‐5Glaux maritima sea milkwort native 7 ‐5



Glebionis coronaria crown daisy non‐native 0Glebionis coronarium crown daisy non‐native 0Glebionis segetum corndaisy non‐native 0Glechoma hederacea ground ivy non‐native 0 3Gleditsia triacanthos honeylocust non‐native 0 0Glyceria acutiflora creeping mannagrass native 8 ‐5Glyceria borealis small floating mannagrass native 6 ‐5Glyceria canadensis rattlesnake mannagrass native 4 ‐5Glyceria grandis American mannagrass native 5 ‐5Glyceria laxa limp mannagrass native 6 ‐5Glyceria melicaria melic mannagrass native 4 ‐5Glyceria obtusa Atlantic mannagrass native 6 ‐5Glyceria striata fowl mannagrass native 3 ‐5Glycyrrhiza lepidota American licorice non‐native 0 3Gnaphalium uliginosum marsh cudweed native 2 0Goodyera oblongifolia western rattlesnake plantain native 8 3Goodyera pubescens downy rattlesnake plantain native 6 3Goodyera repens lesser rattlesnake plantain native 6 3Goodyera tesselata checkered rattlesnake plantain native 6 3Gratiola aurea golden hedgehyssop native 6 ‐5Gratiola neglecta clammy hedgehyssop native 5 ‐5Grindelia squarrosa curlycup gumweed non‐native 0 3Gymnocarpium dryopteris western oakfern native 6 3Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky coffeetree non‐native 0Gypsophila elegans showy baby's‐breath non‐native 0Gypsophila muralis low baby's‐breath non‐native 0Gypsophila paniculata baby's breath non‐native 0Gypsophila repens creeping baby's breath non‐native 0Hackelia deflexa var. americana American stickseed native 7Halenia deflexa American spurred gentian native 4 0Hamamelis virginiana American witchhazel native 5 3



Harrimanella hypnoides mossplant native 10Hedeoma hispida rough false pennyroyal non‐native 0Hedeoma pulegioides American false pennyroyal native 2Hedysarum alpinum alpine sweetvetch native 8 0Helenium autumnale common sneezeweed native 4 ‐3Helenium flexuosum purplehead sneezeweed native 2 0Helianthemum bicknellii hoary frostweed native 4Helianthemum canadense longbranch frostweed native 4Helianthus annuus common sunflower non‐native 0 3Helianthus debilis cucumberleaf sunflower non‐native 0 5Helianthus decapetalus thinleaf sunflower native 6 3Helianthus divaricatus woodland sunflower native 6Helianthus giganteus giant sunflower native 5 ‐3Helianthus grosseserratus sawtooth sunflower non‐native 0 ‐3Helianthus maximiliani Maximilian sunflower non‐native 0 5Helianthus mollis ashy sunflower non‐native 0Helianthus pauciflorus stiff sunflower non‐native 0Helianthus petiolaris prairie sunflower non‐native 0Helianthus strumosus paleleaf woodland sunflower native 3 3Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem artichoke non‐native 0 3Heliopsis helianthoides smooth oxeye non‐native 0 3Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra smooth oxeye non‐native 0 3Heliotropium curassavicum salt heliotrope non‐native 0 ‐5Hemerocallis fulva orange daylily non‐native 0 5Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus yellow daylily non‐native 0Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa round leaf hepatica native 7Heracleum mantegazzianum giant hogweed non‐native 0 0Heracleum maximum common cowparsnip native 3 ‐3Heracleum sphondylium eltrot non‐native 0 5Herniaria glabra smooth rupturewort non‐native 0Hesperis matronalis dames rocket non‐native 0 3



Heteranthera dubia grassleaf mudplantain native 6 ‐5Hibiscus trionum flower of an hour non‐native 0Hieracium aurantiacum orange hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium caespitosum meadow hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium canadense Canadian hawkweed native 2Hieracium flagellare hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium gronovii queendevil native 3 5Hieracium kalmii narrowleaf hawkweed native 3Hieracium lachenalii common hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium murorum wall hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium paniculatum Allegheny hawkweed native 6Hieracium pilosella mouseear hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium piloselloides tall hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium praealtum tall hawkweed non‐native 0Hieracium robinsonii Robinson's hawkweed native 9Hieracium scabrum rough hawkweed native 4Hieracium venosum rattlesnakeweed native 5Hierochloe odorata sweetgrass native 5Hippuris vulgaris common mare's‐tail native 6 ‐5Holcus lanatus common velvetgrass non‐native 0 3Honckenya peploides seaside sandplant native 7 3Hordeum brachyantherum meadow barley non‐native 0 ‐3Hordeum jubatum foxtail barley native 2 0Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum hare barley non‐native 0 3Hordeum pusillum little barley non‐native 0 0Hordeum vulgare common barley non‐native 0Hottonia inflata American featherfoil native 8 ‐5Houstonia caerulea azure bluet non‐native 0 3Houstonia longifolia longleaf summer bluet native 7Houstonia purpurea Venus' pride native 4Hudsonia ericoides pine barren goldenheather native 5



Hudsonia tomentosa woolly beachheather native 5Humulus japonicus Japanese hop non‐native 0 3Humulus lupulus common hop native 2 3Humulus lupulus var. lupuloides common hop native 2 3Humulus lupulus var. lupulus common hop native 2 3Huperzia appalachiana Appalachian clubmoss native 8Huperzia appressa mountain fir moss native 9Huperzia lucidula shining clubmoss native 6 0Huperzia selago var. selago fir clubmoss native 7 3Hydrangea paniculata panicled hydrangea non‐native 0 0Hydrilla verticillata waterthyme non‐native 0 ‐5Hydrocotyle americana American marshpennywort native 5 ‐5Hylotelephium erythrostictum garden stonecrop non‐native 0Hylotelephium telephium ssp. telephium witch's moneybags non‐native 0Hyoscyamus niger black henbane non‐native 0Hypericum ascyron great St. Johnswort native 7 0Hypericum boreale northern St. Johnswort native 6 ‐5Hypericum canadense lesser Canadian St. Johnswort native 5 ‐3Hypericum dissimulatum disguised St. Johnswort native 4Hypericum ellipticum pale St. Johnswort native 4 ‐5Hypericum gentianoides orangegrass native 4 3Hypericum majus large St. Johnswort native 4 ‐3Hypericum mutilum dwarf St. Johnswort native 5 ‐3Hypericum perforatum common St. Johnswort non‐native 0 5Hypericum prolificum shrubby St. Johnswort non‐native 0 3Hypericum punctatum spotted St. Johnswort native 2 0Hypochaeris glabra smooth cat's ear non‐native 0Hypochaeris radicata hairy cat's ear non‐native 0 3Hyssopus officinalis hyssop non‐native 0Iberis amara annual candytuft non‐native 0Iberis umbellata globe candytuft non‐native 0



Ilex glabra inkberry native 8 ‐3Ilex laevigata smooth winterberry native 6 ‐5Ilex mucronata catberry native 5Ilex opaca American holly non‐native 0 3Ilex verticillata common winterberry native 3 ‐3Impatiens capensis jewelweed native 2 ‐3Impatiens glandulifera ornamental jewelweed non‐native 0 0Impatiens pallida pale touch‐me‐not native 8 ‐3Inula helenium elecampane inula non‐native 0 3Ionactis linariifolia flaxleaf whitetop aster native 4Ionactis linariifolius flaxleaf whitetop aster native 4Ipomoea hederacea ivyleaf morning‐glory non‐native 0 0Ipomoea purpurea tall morning‐glory non‐native 0 3Iris germanica German iris non‐native 0Iris hookeri Canada beachhead iris native 8 ‐3Iris prismatica slender blue iris native 5 ‐5Iris pseudacorus paleyellow iris non‐native 0 ‐5Iris setosa beachhead iris native 8 ‐3Iris versicolor harlequin blueflag native 3 ‐5Isoetes acadiensis Acadian quillwort native 6 ‐5Isoetes echinospora spiny‐spore quillwort native 6 ‐5Isoetes hieroglyphica lake quillwort non‐native 0Isoetes lacustris lake quillwort native 8 ‐5Isoetes prototypus spike quillwort native 8 ‐5Isoetes tuckermanii Tuckerman's quillwort native 6 ‐5Isotrema macrophyllum pipevine non‐native 0Isotria medeoloides small whorled pogonia native 6 3Iva annua annual marsh elder non‐native 0 0Iva xanthifolia giant sumpweed non‐native 0Juglans ailantifolia Japanese walnut non‐native 0Juglans cinerea butternut native 5 3



Juglans nigra black walnut non‐native 0 3Juncus acuminatus tapertip rush native 5 ‐5Juncus alpinoarticulatus northern green rush native 8 ‐5Juncus alpinoarticulatus ssp. nodulosus northern green rush native 8 ‐5Juncus ambiguus seasice rush native 7Juncus anthelatus greater poverty rush native 3 ‐3Juncus arcticus arctic rush native 5 ‐5Juncus articulatus jointleaf rush native 6 ‐5Juncus brachycephalus smallhead rush native 6 ‐5Juncus brevicaudatus narrowpanicle rush native 3 ‐5Juncus bufonius toad rush native 2 ‐3Juncus canadensis Canadian rush native 3 ‐5Juncus compressus roundfruit rush non‐native 0 ‐3Juncus dichotomus forked rush native 3 ‐3Juncus dudleyi Dudley's rush native 5 ‐3Juncus effusus common rush native 2 ‐5Juncus effusus var. effusus common rush native 2 ‐5Juncus effusus var. solutus lamp rush native 2 ‐5Juncus filiformis thread rush native 5 ‐3Juncus gerardii saltmeadow rush native 6 ‐5Juncus greenei Greene's rush native 3 0Juncus marginatus grassleaf rush native 2 ‐3Juncus militaris bayonet rush native 6 ‐5Juncus nodosus knotted rush native 6 ‐5Juncus pelocarpus brownfruit rush native 4 ‐5Juncus secundus lopsided rush native 6 3Juncus stygius moor rush native 9 ‐5Juncus subtilis greater creeping rush native 7 ‐5Juncus tenuis poverty rush native 2 0Juncus trifidus highland rush native 7 3Juncus vaseyi Vasey's rush native 6 ‐3



Juniperus communis common juniper native 3 3Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper native 4 3Juniperus virginiana eastern redcedar native 4 3Kalmia angustifolia sheep laurel native 2 0Kalmia latifolia mountain laurel native 6 3Kalmia polifolia bog laurel native 8 ‐5Knautia arvensis field scabiosa non‐native 0Kochia scoparia burningbush non‐native 0Koeleria macrantha prarie Junegrass non‐native 0Krigia virginica Virginia dwarfdandelion native 4 5Lactuca biennis tall blue lettuce native 5 0Lactuca canadensis Canada lettuce native 3 3Lactuca hirsuta hairy lettuce native 3Lactuca sativa garden lettuce non‐native 0Lactuca serriola prickly lettuce non‐native 0 3Lactuca tatarica blue lettuce non‐native 0 0Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella blue lettuce non‐native 0 0Lamium album white deadnettle non‐native 0Lamium amplexicaule henbit deadnettle non‐native 0Lamium maculatum spotted henbit non‐native 0Lamium purpureum purple deadnettle non‐native 0Lamium purpureum var. incisum purple deadnettle non‐native 0Lamium purpureum var. purpureum purple deadnettle non‐native 0Lamprocapnos spectabilis bleeding heart non‐native 0Laportea canadensis Canadian woodnettle native 6 ‐3Lappula occidentalis flatspine stickseed non‐native 0Lappula squarrosa European stickseed non‐native 0Lapsana communis common nipplewort non‐native 0 3Larix decidua European larch non‐native 0Larix laricina tamarack native 4 ‐3Lathyrus japonicus beach pea native 4 3



Lathyrus japonicus var. maritimus beach pea native 4 3Lathyrus japonicus var. pellitus beach pea native 4 3Lathyrus latifolius perennial pea non‐native 0Lathyrus odoratus sweetpea non‐native 0Lathyrus palustris marsh pea native 4 ‐3Lathyrus pratensis meadow pea non‐native 0 3Lathyrus tuberosus tuberous sweetpea non‐native 0Lechea intermedia largepod pinweed native 4Lechea intermedia var. intermedia largepod pinweed native 2Lechea intermedia var. juniperina largepod pinweed native 2Lechea maritima beach pinweed native 7Ledum groenlandicum bog Labrador tea native 6Leersia oryzoides rice cutgrass native 5 ‐5Leersia virginica whitegrass native 5 ‐3Lemna minor common duckweed native 3 ‐5Lemna trisulca star duckweed native 4 ‐5Lens culinaris lentil non‐native 0Leontodon autumnalis fall dandelion non‐native 0 3Leonurus cardiaca common motherwort non‐native 0Lepidium campestre field pepperweed non‐native 0Lepidium densiflorum common pepperweed non‐native 0 3Lepidium didymum lesser swine‐cress non‐native 0Lepidium perfoliatum clasping pepperweed non‐native 0 3Lepidium ruderale roadside pepperweed non‐native 0Lepidium sativum gardencress pepperweed non‐native 0Lepidium virginicum Virginia pepperweed native 2 3Leptochloa fusca ssp. fascicularis bearded sprangletop non‐native 0Leptochloa fusca ssp. uninervia Mexican sprangletop non‐native 0Lespedeza capitata roundhead lespedeza native 4 3Lespedeza frutescens shrubby lespedeza native 4Lespedeza hirta hairy lespedeza native 6



Lespedeza intermedia violet lespedeza native 6Leucanthemum vulgare oxeye daisy non‐native 0 5Leucojum aestivum summer snowflake non‐native 0Levisticum officinale garden lovage non‐native 0Leymus mollis American dunegrass native 6 3Liatris novae‐angliae New England blazing star native 5Liatris scariosa var. novae‐angliae New England blazing star native 6 5Ligusticum scoticum Scottish licorice‐root non‐native 0 0Ligustrum amurense Amur privet non‐native 0Ligustrum vulgare European privet non‐native 0 3Lilaeopsis chinensis eastern grasswort native 7 ‐5Lilium canadense Canada lily native 6 0Lilium lancifolium tiger lily non‐native 0Lilium philadelphicum wood lily native 6 0Limonium carolinianum lavender thrift native 6 ‐5Limosella australis Welsh mudwort native 7 ‐5Linaria dalmatica Dalmation toadflax non‐native 0Linaria maroccana Moraccan toadflax non‐native 0Linaria repens striped toadflax non‐native 0Linaria vulgaris butter and eggs non‐native 0Lindera benzoin northern spicebush native 6 ‐3Lindernia dubia yellowseed false pimpernel native 4 ‐5Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea yellowseed false pimpernel native 6 ‐5Lindernia dubia var. dubia yellowseed false pimpernel native 5 ‐5Lindernia dubia var. inundata yellowseed false pimpernel native 6 ‐5Linnaea borealis twinflower native 3 0Linum catharticum fairy flax non‐native 0Linum medium stiff yellow flax native 3 3Linum medium var. texanum stiff yellow flax native 3 3Linum perenne blue flax non‐native 0Linum radiola allseed non‐native 0



Linum usitatissimum common flax non‐native 0Liparis loeselii yellow widelip orchid native 6 ‐3Lipocarpha micrantha smallflower halfchaff sedge native 7 ‐5Listera auriculata auricled twayblade native 7 ‐3Listera convallarioides broadlipped twayblade native 8 ‐3Listera cordata heartleaf twayblade native 8 ‐3Lithospermum officinale European stoneseed non‐native 0Littorella uniflora American shoreweed native 6Lobelia cardinalis cardinalflower native 6 ‐5Lobelia dortmanna Dortmann's cardinalflower native 8 ‐5Lobelia inflata Indian‐tobacco native 2 3Lobelia kalmii Ontario lobelia native 8 ‐5Lobelia spicata palespike lobelia native 4 0Lobelia spicata var. campanulata palespike lobelia native 4 0Lobelia spicata var. hirtella palespike lobelia native 4 0Lobelia spicata var. spicata palespike lobelia native 4 0Lobularia maritima sweet alyssum non‐native 0Loiseleuria procumbens alpine azalea native 10 ‐3Lolium arundinaceum tall fescue non‐native 0Lolium multiflorum annual ryegrass non‐native 0Lolium perenne perennial ryegrass non‐native 0 3Lolium pratense meadow fescue non‐native 0Lolium temulentum Darnel ryegrass non‐native 0Lomatogonium rotatum marsh felwort native 8 ‐5Lonicera ×bella showy fly honeysuckle non‐native 0 3Lonicera canadensis American fly honeysuckle native 5 3Lonicera dioica limber honeysuckle native 5 3Lonicera japonica Japanese honeysuckle non‐native 0 3Lonicera morrowii Morrow's honeysuckle non‐native 0 3Lonicera oblongifolia swamp fly honeysuckle native 7 ‐5Lonicera periclymenum European honeysuckle non‐native 0



Lonicera sempervirens trumpet honeysuckle non‐native 0 3Lonicera tatarica Tatarian honeysuckle non‐native 0 3Lonicera villosa mountain fly honeysuckle native 6 ‐3Lonicera xylosteum dwarf honeysuckle non‐native 0Lotus corniculatus bird's‐foot trefoil non‐native 0 3Ludwigia palustris marsh seedbox native 5 ‐5Ludwigia polycarpa manyfruit primrose‐willow native 5 ‐5Lunaria annua annual honesty non‐native 0Lupinus polyphyllus bigleaf lupine non‐native 0 3Luzula acuminata hairy woodrush native 3 3Luzula confusa northern woodrush native 10 0Luzula luzuloides oakforest woodrush non‐native 0Luzula multiflora common woodrush native 2 3Luzula pallidula Eurasian woodrush non‐native 0 0Luzula parviflora smallflowered woodrush native 5 0Luzula spicata spiked woodrush native 10 5Lychnis chalcedonica maltesecross non‐native 0Lychnis coronaria rose campion non‐native 0Lychnis flos‐cuculi ragged robin non‐native 0Lychnis viscaria clammy campion non‐native 0Lycium barbarum matrimony vine non‐native 0Lycium chinense Chinese desert‐thorn non‐native 0Lycopodiella alopecuroides foxtail clubmoss native 4 ‐3Lycopodiella appressa southern bog clubmoss native 5 ‐3Lycopodiella inundata inundated clubmoss native 3 ‐5Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss native 4Lycopodium canadense spinach native 7Lycopodium clavatum running clubmoss native 3 0Lycopodium complanatum groundcedar native 4Lycopodium dendroideum tree groundpine native 4Lycopodium digitatum fan clubmoss native 4



Lycopodium hickeyi Pennsylvania clubmoss native 5Lycopodium lagopus one‐cone clubmoss native 3 3Lycopodium obscurum rare clubmoss native 3Lycopodium sabinifolium savinleaf groundpine native 4Lycopodium sitchense Sitka clubmoss native 7Lycopodium tristachyum deeproot clubmoss native 6Lycopus americanus American water horehound native 3 ‐5Lycopus uniflorus northern bugleweed native 3 ‐5Lycopus virginicus Virginia water horehound native 5 ‐5Lycurus phleoides UNK non‐native 0Lycurus setosus bristly wolfstail non‐native 0Lyonia ligustrina maleberry native 4 ‐3Lysimachia ×producta UNK native 3 0Lysimachia arvensis scarlet pimpernel non‐native 0 3Lysimachia ciliata fringed loosestrife native 5 ‐3Lysimachia clethroides gooseneck yellow loosestrife non‐native 0Lysimachia hybrida lowland yellow loosestrife non‐native 0 ‐5Lysimachia nummularia creeping jenny non‐native 0 ‐3Lysimachia punctata large yellow loosestrife non‐native 0 ‐5Lysimachia quadrifolia whorled yellow loosestrife native 4 3Lysimachia terrestris earth loosestrife native 2 ‐5Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife native 6 ‐5Lysimachia vulgaris garden yellow loosestrife non‐native 0 ‐3Lythrum alatum winged lythrum non‐native 0 ‐5Lythrum hyssopifolia hyssop loosestrife native 4Lythrum hyssopifolium hyssop loosestrife non‐native 0 ‐5Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife non‐native 0 ‐5Macleaya cordata plume poppy non‐native 0Madia glomerata mountain tarweed non‐native 0 3Madia sativa coast tarweed non‐native 0Magnolia acuminata cucumber‐tree non‐native 0 3



Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower native 2 3Maianthemum racemosum feathery false lily of the valley native 5 3Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum feathery false lily of the valley native 5 3Maianthemum stellatum starry false lily of the valley native 7 0Maianthemum trifolium threeleaf false lily of the valley native 7 ‐5Malaxis brachypoda white adder's‐mouth orchid native 8Malaxis monophyllos ssp. brachypoda white adder's‐mouth orchid native 9 ‐3Malaxis unifolia green adder's‐mouth orchid native 7 0Malus baccata Siberian crabapple non‐native 0Malus prunifolia plum leaf crabapple non‐native 0Malus pumila paradise apple non‐native 0Malva alcea vervain mallow non‐native 0Malva crispa cluster mallow non‐native 0Malva moschata musk mallow non‐native 0Malva neglecta common mallow non‐native 0Malva sylvestris high mallow non‐native 0Marrubium vulgare horehound non‐native 0 3Marsilea quadrifolia European waterclover non‐native 0 ‐5Matricaria discoidea disc mayweed non‐native 0 3Matricaria maritima false mayweed non‐native 0Matricaria perforata scentless false mayweed non‐native 0Matricaria recutita German chamomile non‐native 0Matteuccia struthiopteris ostrich fern native 5 0Mazus miquelii Miquel's mazus non‐native 0Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber native 5 3Medicago arabica spotted medick non‐native 0Medicago laciniata cutleaf medick non‐native 0Medicago lupulina black medick non‐native 0 3Medicago polymorpha burclover non‐native 0 3Medicago sativa alfalfa non‐native 0 5Melampyrum lineare narrowleaf cowwheat native 6 3



Melilotus altissimus tall yellow sweetclover non‐native 0Melilotus indicus annual yellow sweetclover non‐native 0 3Melilotus officinalis yellow sweetclover non‐native 0 3Melissa officinalis common balm non‐native 0 5Mentha aquatica water mint non‐native 0 ‐5Mentha arvensis wild mint native 5 ‐3Mentha canadensis wild mint native 6Mentha spicata spearmint non‐native 0 ‐3Mentha suaveolens apple mint non‐native 0 0Mentha x gracilis gingermint non‐native 0 ‐5Mentha x piperita peppermint non‐native 0 ‐5Mentha x villosa UNK non‐native 0 0Menyanthes trifoliata buckbean native 8 ‐5Mercurialis annua annual mercury non‐native 0Mertensia maritima oysterleaf native 6 ‐3Mertensia virginica Virginia bluebells non‐native 0 0Milium effusum American milletgrass native 7 3Mimulus moschatus muskflower non‐native 0 ‐5Mimulus ringens Allegheny monkeyflower native 6 ‐5Mimulus ringens var. colpophilus Allegheny monkeyflower native 7 ‐5Mimulus ringens var. ringens Allegheny monkeyflower native 6 ‐5Minuartia glabra Appalachian stitchwort native 6 5Minuartia groenlandica Greenland stitchwort native 8Minuartia rubella beautiful sandwort native 9 5Mirabilis hirsuta hairy four o'clock non‐native 0Mirabilis nyctaginea heartleaf four o'clock non‐native 0 5Miscanthus sacchariflorus Amur silvergrass non‐native 0Misopates orontium linearleaf snapdragon non‐native 0Mitchella repens partridgeberry native 5 3Mitella nuda naked miterwort native 7 ‐3Moehringia lateriflora bluntleaf sandwort native 5 3



Molinia caerulea purple moorgrass non‐native 0 3Mollugo verticillata green carpetweed non‐native 0 0Monarda didyma scarlet beebalm non‐native 0 3Monarda fistulosa wild bergamot non‐native 0 3Monarda media purple bergamot non‐native 0Moneses uniflora single delight native 7 0Monolepis nuttalliana Nuttall's povertyweed non‐native 0 5Monotropa hypopithys pinesap native 6Monotropa uniflora Indianpipe native 6 3Montia fontana annual water minerslettuce native 9 ‐5Morella pensylvanica northern bayberry native 5 0Morus alba white mulberry non‐native 0 3Muhlenbergia frondosa wirestem muhly native 2 ‐3Muhlenbergia glomerata spiked muhly native 7 ‐5Muhlenbergia mexicana Mexican muhly native 4 ‐3Muhlenbergia racemosa marsh muhly native 2 3Muhlenbergia richardsonis mat muhly native 8 ‐3Muhlenbergia schreberi nimblewill native 2 0Muhlenbergia sobolifera rock muhly native 8Muhlenbergia sylvatica woodland muhly native 6 ‐3Muhlenbergia uniflora bog muhly native 4 ‐5Mycelis muralis wall lettuce non‐native 0Myosotis arvensis field forget‐me‐not non‐native 0 3Myosotis discolor changing forget‐me‐not non‐native 0 5Myosotis laxa bay forget‐me‐not native 5 ‐5Myosotis scorpioides true forget‐me‐not non‐native 0 ‐5Myosotis stricta strict forget‐me‐not non‐native 0Myosotis sylvatica woodland forget‐me‐not non‐native 0 5Myosotis verna spring forget‐me‐not native 4 3Myrica gale sweetgale native 5 ‐5Myrica pensylvanica northern bayberry native 5



Myriophyllum alterniflorum alternateflower watermilfoil native 6 ‐5Myriophyllum farwellii Farwell's watermilfoil native 7 ‐5Myriophyllum heterophyllum twoleaf watermilfoil non‐native 0 ‐5Myriophyllum humile low watermilfoil native 6 ‐5Myriophyllum sibiricum shortspike watermilfoil native 5 ‐5Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian watermilfoil non‐native 0 ‐5Myriophyllum tenellum slender watermilfoil native 7 ‐5Myriophyllum verticillatum whorl‐leaf watermilfoil native 5 ‐5Najas flexilis nodding waternymph native 6 ‐5Najas gracillima slender waternymph native 6 ‐5Najas guadalupensis southern waternymph native 3 ‐5Narcissus poeticus poet's narcissus non‐native 0Nasturtium microphyllum small‐leaved watercress non‐native 0 ‐5Nasturtium officinale watercress non‐native 0 ‐5Nelumbo lutea American lotus non‐native 0 ‐5Nepeta cataria catnip non‐native 0 3Neslia paniculata ballmustard non‐native 0Nicandra physalodes apple of Peru non‐native 0Nigella damascena devil in the bush non‐native 0Nonea rosea rose monkwort non‐native 0Nuphar lutea yellow pond‐lily native 6 ‐5Nuphar lutea ssp. variegata varigated yellow pond‐lily native 4 ‐5Nuphar microphylla yellow pond‐lily native 7 ‐5Nuttallanthus canadensis Canada toadflax native 2Nymphaea leibergii Leiberg's waterlily native 8 ‐5Nymphaea odorata American white waterlily native 5 ‐5Nymphaea odorata ssp. tuberosa American white waterlily non‐native 0 ‐5Nymphoides cordata little floatingheart native 6 ‐5Nyssa sylvatica blackgum native 7 0Oclemena acuminata whorled wood aster native 3 3Oclemena nemoralis bog aster native 8 ‐5



Odontites vernus red bartsia native 2Oenothera biennis common evening primrose native 2 3Oenothera fruticosa narrowleaf evening primrose non‐native 0 3Oenothera fruticosa ssp. glauca narrowleaf evening primrose non‐native 0 3Oenothera glazioviana redsepal evening primrose non‐native 0Oenothera laciniata cutleaf evening primrose non‐native 0 3Oenothera nutans nodding evening primrose native 3Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' evening primrose native 2Oenothera parviflora northern evening primrose native 3 3Oenothera perennis little evening primrose native 2 0Oenothera pilosella meadow evening primrose non‐native 0 0Oenothera villosa hairy evening primrose native 2 0Omalotheca supina alpine cudweed native 10Omalotheca sylvatica woodland arctic cutweed native 3Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern native 2 ‐3Ophioglossum pusillum northern adderstongue native 4 ‐3Ornithogalum umbellatum sleepydick non‐native 0 3Orobanche uniflora oneflowered broomrape native 4 5Orthilia secunda sidebells wintergreen native 7 0Oryzopsis asperifolia roughleaf ricegrass native 6Osmorhiza berteroi sweetcicely native 7 3Osmorhiza claytonii Clayton's sweetroot native 7 3Osmorhiza depauperata blunt fruited sweet cicely native 8Osmorhiza longistylis longstyle sweetroot native 7 3Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern native 4 ‐3Osmunda claytoniana interrupted fern native 3 0Osmunda regalis royal fern native 6Ostrya virginiana hophornbeam native 6 3Oxalis corniculata creeping woodsorrel non‐native 0 3Oxalis dillenii common yellow oxalis native 2 3Oxalis montana mountain woodsorrel native 6 3



Oxalis stricta common yellow oxalis native 2 3Oxytropis campestris St. John oxytrope native 9Packera aurea golden ragwort native 5 ‐3Packera paupercula balsam groundsel native 7 0Packera schweinitziana Schweinitz's ragwort native 6 ‐3Panax quinquefolius American ginseng native 7Panax trifolius dwarf ginseng native 6Panicum capillare witchgrass native 2 0Panicum dichotomiflorum fall panicgrass non‐native 0 ‐3Panicum miliaceum broomcorn millet non‐native 0Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia panicgrass native 2 0Panicum rigidulum redtop panicgrass native 4 ‐3Panicum virgatum switchgrass native 4 0Panicum virgatum var. spissum switchgrass native 2 0Papaver rhoeas corn poppy non‐native 0Papaver somniferum opium poppy non‐native 0Pappophorum vaginatum whiplash pappusgrass non‐native 0Parnassia glauca fen grass of Parnassus native 8 ‐5Paronychia argyrocoma silverling native 9Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper native 3 3Parthenocissus tricuspidata Boston ivy non‐native 0Parthenocissus vitacea woodbine native 5 3Pastinaca sativa wild parsnip non‐native 0Pedicularis canadensis Canadian lousewort native 4 3Pedicularis furbishiae Furbish's lousewort native 10 ‐3Peltandra virginica green arrow arum native 7 ‐5Pennisetum glaucum pearl millet non‐native 0Penstemon calycosus longsepal beardtongue non‐native 0 3Penstemon digitalis talus slope penstemon native 3 0Penstemon hirsutus hairy beardtongue native 3Penstemon pallidus pale beardtongue non‐native 0 5



Penstemon tubiflorus white wand beardtongue non‐native 0Pentaglottis sempervirens evergreen bugloss non‐native 0Penthorum sedoides ditch stonecrop native 3 ‐5Persicaria vivipara alpine bistort native 10Petasites frigidus arctic sweet coltsfoot native 7 ‐3Petasites frigidus var. palmatus arctic sweet coltsfoot native 7 ‐3Petrorhagia saxifraga saxifrage pink non‐native 0Petunia axillaris large white petunia non‐native 0Petunia integrifolia violetflower petunia non‐native 0Phacelia linearis threadleaf phacelia non‐native 0Phacelia tanacetifolia lacy phacelia non‐native 0Phalaris arundinacea reed canarygrass native 1 ‐3Phalaris canariensis annual canarygrass non‐native 0 3Phaseolus vulgaris kidney bean non‐native 0Phedimus spurius Caucasian stonecrop non‐native 0Phedimus stoloniferus UNK non‐native 0Phegopteris connectilis long beechfern native 4 3Phegopteris hexagonoptera broad beechfern native 7 3Philadelphus coronarius sweet mock orange non‐native 0Phleum alpinum alpine timothy native 9 ‐3Phleum pratense timothy non‐native 0 3Phlox maculata wild sweetwilliam non‐native 0 ‐3Phlox paniculata fall phlox non‐native 0 3Phlox stolonifera crepping phlox non‐native 0Phlox subulata moss phlox non‐native 0Photinia floribunda purple chokeberry native 3 ‐3Photinia melanocarpa black chokeberry native 3 0Photinia pyrifolia red chokeberry native 3 ‐3Phragmites australis common reed non‐native 0 ‐3Phragmites australis ssp. americanus common reed native 6 ‐3Phragmites australis ssp. australis common reed non‐native 0 ‐3



Phyllodoce caerulea mountain heath native 10Physalis alkekengi strawberry groundcherry non‐native 0Physalis heterophylla clammy groundcherry native 3Physalis longifolia longleaf groundcherry non‐native 0Physalis virginiana Virginia groundcherry non‐native 0Physocarpus opulifolius common ninebark non‐native 0 ‐3Physostegia virginiana obedient plant native 6 ‐3Phytolacca americana American pokeweed native 2 3Picea abies Norway spruce non‐native 0Picea glauca white spruce native 3 3Picea mariana black spruce native 6 ‐3Picea pungens blue spruce non‐native 0 3Picea rubens red spruce native 3 3Picris echioides bristly oxtongue non‐native 0Pilea pumila Canadian clearweed native 4 ‐3Pimpinella saxifraga solidstem burnet saxifrage non‐native 0 3Pinguicula vulgaris common butterwort native 10 ‐5Pinus banksiana jack pine native 6 3Pinus nigra Austrian pine non‐native 0Pinus resinosa red pine native 5 3Pinus rigida pitch pine native 6 3Pinus strobus eastern white pine native 2 3Pinus sylvestris Scots pine non‐native 0Piptatherum canadense Canadian ricegrass native 5Piptatherum pungens mountain ricegrass native 6Piptatherum racemosum riceseed ricegrass native 7Pisum sativum garden pea non‐native 0Plantago aristata largebracted plantain non‐native 0Plantago lanceolata narrowleaf plantain non‐native 0 3Plantago major common plantain non‐native 0 3Plantago maritima goose tongue native 6 ‐3



Plantago media hoary plantain non‐native 0Plantago patagonica woolly plantain non‐native 0Plantago psyllium sand plantain non‐native 0 3Plantago rugelii blackseed plantain native 2 0Plantago virginica Virginia plantain native 3 3Platanthera ×andrewsii Andrew's bog orchid native 4 ‐5Platanthera aquilonis northern green orchid native 4 ‐3Platanthera blephariglottis white fringed orchid native 7 ‐5Platanthera clavellata small green wood orchid native 4 ‐3Platanthera dilatata scentbottle native 6 ‐3Platanthera flava palegreen orchid native 5 ‐3Platanthera grandiflora greater purple fringed orchid native 6 ‐3Platanthera hookeri Hooker's orchid native 6 0Platanthera huronensis Huron green orchid native 4 ‐3Platanthera lacera green fringed orchid native 5 ‐3Platanthera leucophaea prairie white fringed orchid native 10 ‐3Platanthera macrophylla greater roundleaved orchid native 7 0Platanthera obtusata bluntleaved orchid native 7 ‐3Platanthera orbiculata lesser roundleaved orchid native 7 0Platanthera psycodes lesser purple fringed orchid native 4 ‐3Poa alsodes grove bluegrass native 5 0Poa angustifolia Kentucky bluegrass non‐native 0Poa annua annual bluegrass non‐native 0 3Poa compressa Canada bluegrass non‐native 0 3Poa glauca glaucous bluegrass native 9Poa laxa Mt. Washington bluegrass native 10Poa laxa ssp. fernaldiana Fernald's bluegrass native 9Poa nemoralis wood bluegrass non‐native 0 3Poa palustris fowl bluegrass native 3 ‐3Poa pratensis Kentucky bluegrass non‐native 0 3Poa pratensis ssp. agassizensis bluegrass non‐native 0 3



Poa pratensis ssp. angustifolia Kentucky bluegrass non‐native 0 3Poa pratensis ssp. pratensis Kentucky bluegrass non‐native 0 3Poa saltuensis oldpasture bluegrass native 4Poa saltuensis ssp. languida weak speargrass native 6Poa saltuensis ssp. saltuensis weak speargrass native 6Poa secunda Sandberg bluegrass non‐native 0 3Poa trivialis rough bluegrass non‐native 0 ‐3Podophyllum peltatum mayapple non‐native 0 3Podostemum ceratophyllum hornleaf riverweed native 7 ‐5Pogonia ophioglossoides snakemouth orchid native 5 ‐5Polemonium caeruleum charity non‐native 0 ‐3Polemonium vanbruntiae Vanbrunt's polemonium native 5 ‐3Polygala paucifolia gaywings native 5Polygala polygama racemed milkwort native 3 3Polygala sanguinea purple milkwort native 2 3Polygala senega Seneca snakeroot native 6 3Polygala verticillata whorled milkwort native 2 5Polygala verticillata var. isocycla whorled milkwort native 2 5Polygonatum biflorum smooth Solomon's seal non‐native 0 3Polygonatum pubescens hairy Solomon's seal native 6 3Polygonella articulata coastal jointweed native 2Polygonum achoreum leathery knotweed native 2 3Polygonum amphibium water knotweed native 5Polygonum arenastrum ovalleaf knotweed non‐native 0Polygonum arifolium halberdleaf tearthumb native 5Polygonum aviculare prostrate knotweed non‐native 0 3Polygonum bellardii narrowleaf knotweed non‐native 0Polygonum bistorta meadow bistort non‐native 0Polygonum buxiforme American knotweed native 7Polygonum caespitosum Oriental lady's thumb non‐native 0Polygonum careyi Carey's smartweed native 2



Polygonum cespitosum Oriental lady's thumb non‐native 0Polygonum cilinode fringed black bindweed native 5Polygonum convolvulus black bindweed non‐native 0Polygonum cuspidatum Japanese knotweed non‐native 0Polygonum douglasii Douglas' knotweed native 8 3Polygonum erectum erect knotweed native 2 3Polygonum fowleri Fowler's knotweed native 7 ‐3Polygonum hydropiper marshpepper knotweed non‐native 0Polygonum hydropiperoides swamp smartweed native 3Polygonum lapathifolium curlytop knotweed native 2Polygonum neglectum narrowleaf knotweed non‐native 0Polygonum orientale kiss me over the garden gate non‐native 0Polygonum pensylvanicum Pennsylvania smartweed native 2Polygonum persicaria spotted ladysthumb non‐native 0Polygonum punctatum dotted smartweed native 5Polygonum ramosissimum bushy knotweed native 4 0Polygonum sachalinense giant knotweed non‐native 0Polygonum sagittatum arrowleaf tearthumb native 4Polygonum scandens climbing false buckwheat native 4Polygonum viviparum alpine bistort native 10Polypodium appalachianum Appalachian polypody native 6Polypodium virginianum rock polypody native 6Polypogon monspeliensis annual rabbitsfoot grass non‐native 0 ‐5Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern native 6 3Polystichum braunii Braun's hollyfern native 8Pontederia cordata pickerelweed native 4 ‐5Populus alba white poplar non‐native 0Populus balsamifera balsam poplar native 2 ‐3Populus deltoides eastern cottonwood non‐native 0 0Populus grandidentata bigtooth aspen native 2 3Populus nigra Lombardy poplar non‐native 0



Populus tremuloides quaking aspen native 2 3Portulaca oleracea little hogweed non‐native 0 3Potamogeton alpinus alpine pondweed native 7 ‐5Potamogeton amplifolius largeleaf pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton bicupulatus snailseed pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton confervoides Tuckerman's pondweed native 8 ‐5Potamogeton epihydrus ribbonleaf pondweed native 5 ‐5Potamogeton foliosus leafy pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton friesii Fries' pondweed native 7 ‐5Potamogeton gramineus variableleaf pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton natans floating pondweed native 5 ‐5Potamogeton nodosus longleaf pondweed native 7 ‐5Potamogeton oakesianus Oakes' pondweed native 7 ‐5Potamogeton obtusifolius bluntleaf pondweed native 7 ‐5Potamogeton perfoliatus claspingleaf pondweed native 5 ‐5Potamogeton praelongus whitestem pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton pulcher spotted pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton pusillus small pondweed native 5 ‐5Potamogeton pusillus ssp. tenuissimus small pondweed native 5 ‐5Potamogeton richardsonii Richardson's pondweed native 7 ‐5Potamogeton robbinsii Robbins' pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton spirillus spiral pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton strictifolius narrowleaf pondweed native 9 ‐5Potamogeton vaseyi Vasey's pondweed native 6 ‐5Potamogeton x mysticus UNK native 5 ‐5Potamogeton zosteriformis flatstem pondweed native 6 ‐5Potentilla argentea silver cinquefoil non‐native 0 3Potentilla arguta tall cinquefoil native 3Potentilla canadensis dwarf cinquefoil native 2Potentilla intermedia downy cinquefoil non‐native 0Potentilla norvegica Norwegian cinquefoil native 2 0



Potentilla pensylvanica Pennsylvania cinquefoil native 2 3Potentilla recta sulphur cinquefoil non‐native 0Potentilla rivalis brook cinquefoil non‐native 0 ‐3Potentilla simplex common cinquefoil native 2 3Prenanthes alba white rattlesnakeroot native 5 3Prenanthes altissima tall rattlesnakeroot native 5 3Prenanthes boottii alpine rattlesnakeroot native 10Prenanthes nana gall of the earth native 9Prenanthes racemosa purple rattlesnakeroot native 8 ‐3Prenanthes trifoliolata gall of the earth native 5Primula laurentiana birdeye primrose native 9 0Primula mistassinica Mistassini primrose native 9 ‐3Primula veris cowslip primrose non‐native 0Proboscidea louisianica ram's horn non‐native 0 0Proserpinaca palustris marsh mermaidweed native 5 ‐5Prunella vulgaris common selfheal non‐native 0 0Prunus avium sweet cherry non‐native 0 3Prunus cerasus sour cherry non‐native 0Prunus domestica European plum non‐native 0Prunus maritima beach plum native 5Prunus nigra Canadian plum non‐native 0 3Prunus pensylvanica pin cherry native 2 3Prunus persica peach non‐native 0Prunus pumila sandcherry native 5Prunus pumila var. depressa eastern sandcherry native 6Prunus pumila var. susquehanae sand cherry native 6Prunus serotina black cherry native 3 3Prunus spinosa blackthorn non‐native 0Prunus susquehanae sand cherry native 5Prunus virginiana chokecherry native 2 3Pseudognaphalium macounii Macoun's cudweed native 2



Pseudognaphalium micradenium Heller's cudweed native 4Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium rabbit‐tobacco native 2Pseudolysimachion longifolium long‐leaved speedwell non‐native 0Ptelea trifoliata common hoptree non‐native 0 3Pteridium aquilinum western brackenfern native 2 3Puccinellia distans weeping alkaligrass non‐native 0 ‐3Puccinellia fasciculata saltmarsh alkaligrass non‐native 0 ‐5Puccinellia maritima seaside alkaligrass non‐native 0 ‐5Puccinellia nuttalliana Nuttall's alkaligrass non‐native 0 ‐5Puccinellia tenella tundra alkaligrass native 7 ‐3Puccinellia tenella ssp. langeana tundra alkaligrass native 7 ‐3Pueraria montana kudzu non‐native 0 5Pycnanthemum tenuifolium narrowleaf mountainmint native 4 0Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia mountainmint native 4 ‐3Pyrola americana American wintergreen native 6 0Pyrola asarifolia liverleaf wintergreen native 6 ‐3Pyrola chlorantha greenflowered wintergreen native 6 3Pyrola elliptica waxflower shinleaf native 5 3Pyrola minor snowline wintergreen native 7 0Pyrus communis common pear non‐native 0Quercus alba white oak native 5 3Quercus bicolor swamp white oak native 6 ‐3Quercus coccinea scarlet oak native 6Quercus ilicifolia bear oak native 5Quercus macrocarpa bur oak native 6 3Quercus palustris pin oak non‐native 0 ‐3Quercus prinus chestnut oak native 7 5Quercus robur English oak non‐native 0Quercus rubra northern red oak native 2 3Quercus velutina black oak native 4Radiola linoides allseed non‐native 0



Ranunculus abortivus littleleaf buttercup native 6 0Ranunculus acris tall buttercup native 2 0Ranunculus bulbosus St. Anthony's turnip non‐native 0 ‐3Ranunculus cymbalaria alkali buttercup native 6 ‐5Ranunculus fascicularis early buttercup native 7 3Ranunculus flabellaris yellow water buttercup native 6 ‐5Ranunculus flammula greater creeping spearwort native 5 ‐3Ranunculus gmelinii Gmelin's buttercup native 6 ‐3Ranunculus hispidus bristly buttercup native 4 0Ranunculus lapponicus Lapland buttercup native 8 ‐5Ranunculus pensylvanicus Pennsylvania buttercup native 3 ‐5Ranunculus recurvatus blisterwort non‐native 0 ‐3Ranunculus repens creeping buttercup non‐native 0 0Ranunculus sceleratus cursed buttercup native 3 ‐5Ranunculus trichophyllus longbeak buttercup native 6 ‐5Raphanus raphanistrum wild radish non‐native 0Raphanus sativus cultivated radish non‐native 0Reseda alba white upright mignonette non‐native 0Reseda lutea yellow mignonette non‐native 0Rhamnus alnifolia alderleaf buckthorn native 6 ‐5Rhamnus cathartica common buckthorn non‐native 0 0Rheum rhabarbarum garden rhubarb non‐native 0Rheum rhaponticum garden rhubarb non‐native 0Rhexia virginica handsome Harry native 6 ‐5Rhinanthus minor little yellow rattle native 2 0Rhinanthus minor ssp. groenlandicus arctic rattlebox native 2 0Rhodiola rosea roseroot stonecrop native 8 3Rhododendron canadense rhodora native 5 ‐3Rhododendron lapponicum Lapland rosebay native 10 ‐3Rhododendron maximum great laurel native 7 0Rhododendron viscosum swamp azalea native 7 ‐3



Rhus copallinum winged sumac native 3 5Rhus glabra smooth sumac native 2Rhus hirta staghorn sumac native 2Rhus pulvinata northern smooth sumac native 2Rhus typhina staghorn sumac native 2Rhynchospora alba white beaksedge native 6 ‐5Rhynchospora capillacea needle beaksedge native 8 ‐5Rhynchospora capitellata brownish beaksedge native 4 ‐5Rhynchospora fusca brown beaksedge native 4 ‐5Rhynchospora macrostachya tall horned beaksedge native 8 ‐5Ribes americanum American black currant native 5 ‐3Ribes cynosbati eastern prickly gooseberry native 6 3Ribes glandulosum skunk currant native 4 ‐3Ribes hirtellum hairystem gooseberry native 5 ‐3Ribes lacustre prickly currant native 6 ‐3Ribes nigrum European black currant non‐native 0Ribes oxyacanthoides Canadian gooseberry native 5 3Ribes rubrum cultivated currant non‐native 0Ribes triste red currant native 6 ‐5Ribes uva‐crispa European gooseberry non‐native 0Robinia hispida bristly locust non‐native 0Robinia pseudoacacia black locust non‐native 0 3Robinia viscosa clammy locust non‐native 0Rorippa amphibia great yellowcress non‐native 0 ‐3Rorippa palustris bog yellowcress native 4 ‐5Rorippa sylvestris creeping yellowcress non‐native 0 ‐5Rosa acicularis prickly rose native 6 3Rosa blanda smooth rose native 5 3Rosa canina dog rose non‐native 0Rosa carolina Carolina rose native 4 3Rosa cinnamomea cinnamon rose non‐native 0



Rosa eglanteria sweetbriar rose non‐native 0 3Rosa ferruiginea redleaf rose non‐native 0Rosa gallica French rose non‐native 0Rosa micrantha smallflower sweetbrier non‐native 0 3Rosa multiflora multiflora rose non‐native 0 3Rosa nitida shining rose native 5 ‐3Rosa palustris swamp rose native 4 ‐5Rosa rugosa rugosa rose non‐native 0 3Rosa spinosissima Scotch rose non‐native 0Rosa virginiana Virginia rose native 3 0Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry native 2 3Rubus amnicola upland blackberry native 2Rubus canadensis smooth blackberry native 4Rubus chamaemorus cloudberry native 8 ‐3Rubus elegantulus showy blackberry native 4Rubus enslenii southern dewberry native 6Rubus flagellaris northern dewberry native 3 3Rubus frondosus yankee blackberry native 2Rubus hispidus bristly dewberry native 2 ‐3Rubus idaeus American red raspberry native 2 3Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus grayleaf red raspberry native 2 3Rubus illecebrosus strawberry raspberry non‐native 0Rubus occidentalis black raspberry native 2Rubus odoratus purpleflowering raspberry native 3Rubus pubescens dwarf red blackberry native 6 ‐3Rubus recurvicaulis arching dewberry native 2Rubus semisetosus swamp blackberry native 2 0Rubus setosus setose blackberry native 2 ‐3Rubus vermontanus Vermont blackberry native 2Rudbeckia hirta blackeyed Susan non‐native 0 3Rudbeckia laciniata cutleaf coneflower native 7 ‐3



Rumex acetosa garden sorrel non‐native 0 5Rumex acetosella common sheep sorrel non‐native 0 3Rumex alpinus Monk's rhubarb non‐native 0Rumex altissimus pale dock native 4 ‐3Rumex aquaticus var. fenestratus western dock native 3Rumex britannica greater water dock native 5 ‐5Rumex crispus curly dock non‐native 0 0Rumex longifolius dooryard dock non‐native 0 0Rumex maritimus golden dock native 7 ‐3Rumex obtusifolius bitter dock non‐native 0 0Rumex occidentalis western dock native 4 ‐5Rumex orbiculatus greater water dock native 5Rumex pallidus seaside dock native 5 ‐3Rumex patientia patience dock non‐native 0Rumex salicifolius willow dock native 3 0Rumex salicifolius var. mexicanus Mexican dock native 6Rumex triangulivalvis Mexican dock non‐native 0 0Ruppia maritima widgeongrass native 7 ‐5Sagina nodosa knotted pearlwort non‐native 0 3Sagina nodosa ssp. borealis knotted pearlwort native 6 3Sagina nodosa ssp. nodosa knotted pearlwort non‐native 0 3Sagina officinalis UNK non‐native 0Sagina procumbens birdeye pearlwort native 4 0Sagittaria calycina hooded arrowhead native 8 ‐5Sagittaria cuneata arumleaf arrowhead native 7 ‐5Sagittaria filiformis threadleaf arrowhead native 6 ‐5Sagittaria graminea grassy arrowhead native 6 ‐5Sagittaria latifolia broadleaf arrowhead native 5 ‐5Sagittaria rigida sessilefruit arrowhead native 7 ‐5Salicornia bigelovii dwarf saltwort native 7 ‐5Salicornia depressa Virginia glasswort native 5 ‐5



Salix alba white willow non‐native 0 ‐3Salix arctophila northern willow native 10 ‐3Salix argyrocarpa Labrador willow native 9 3Salix atrocinerea large gray willow non‐native 0 ‐3Salix bebbiana Bebb willow native 2 ‐3Salix candida sageleaf willow native 8 ‐5Salix cinerea large gray willow non‐native 0 ‐3Salix discolor pussy willow native 2 ‐3Salix eriocephala Missouri River willow native 3 ‐3Salix exigua narrowleaf willow native 7 0Salix fragilis crack willow non‐native 0 0Salix herbacea dwarf willow native 10Salix humilis prairie willow native 3 3Salix interior sandbar willow native 7 ‐3Salix lucida shining willow native 3 ‐3Salix myricoides bayberry willow native 7 ‐3Salix nigra black willow native 5 ‐5Salix pedicellaris bog willow native 7 ‐5Salix pellita satiny willow native 6 ‐3Salix pentandra laurel willow non‐native 0Salix petiolaris meadow willow native 2 ‐3Salix planifolia diamondleaf willow native 9 ‐5Salix purpurea purpleosier willow non‐native 0 ‐3Salix pyrifolia balsam willow native 5 ‐3Salix sericea silky willow native 4 ‐5Salix uva‐ursi bearberry willow native 10Salix viminalis basket willow non‐native 0 ‐3Salix x pendulina Wisconsin weeping willow non‐native 0 ‐3Salix x rubens hybrid crack willow non‐native 0Salsola kali Russian thistle native 7 3Salsola tragus prickly Russian thistle non‐native 0 3



Salvia officinalis kitchen sage non‐native 0Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis American black elderberry native 3 ‐3Sambucus racemosa red elderberry native 4 3Samolus valerandi seaside brookweed native 7 ‐5Samolus valerandi ssp. parviflorus seaside brookweed native 8Sanguinaria canadensis bloodroot native 7 3Sanguisorba canadensis Canadian burnet native 5 ‐3Sanguisorba minor small burnet non‐native 0Sanguisorba officinalis official burnet non‐native 0 ‐3Sanicula marilandica Maryland sanicle native 6 3Sanicula odorata clustered blacksnakeroot native 7 0Sanicula trifoliata largefruit blacksnakeroot native 6Saponaria officinalis bouncingbet non‐native 0 3Sarracenia purpurea purple pitcherplant native 7 ‐5Sassafras albidum sassafras native 4 3Satureja hortensis summer savory non‐native 0Saxifraga foliolosa leafystem saxifrage native 10 ‐5Saxifraga paniculata ssp. neogaea White Mountain saxifrage native 10 0Saxifraga pensylvanica eastern swamp saxifrage native 6 ‐5Saxifraga virginiensis early saxifrage native 7 3Schedonorus phoenix tall fescue non‐native 0Schedonorus pratensis meadow fescue non‐native 0 3Scheuchzeria palustris rannoch‐rush native 8 ‐5Schizachne purpurascens false melic native 6 3Schizachyrium scoparium little bluestem native 2 3Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus hardstem bulrush native 6 ‐5Schoenoplectus fluviatilis river bulrush native 6 ‐5Schoenoplectus maritimus cosmopolitan bulrush native 6 ‐5Schoenoplectus novae‐angliae New England bulrush native 9 ‐5Schoenoplectus pungens common threesquare native 4 ‐5Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens common threesquare native 6 ‐5



Schoenoplectus purshianus weakstalk bulrush native 6 ‐5Schoenoplectus robustus sturdy bulrush native 7 ‐5Schoenoplectus smithii Smith's bulrush native 7 ‐5Schoenoplectus subterminalis swaying bulrush native 6 ‐5Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani softstem bulrush native 5 ‐5Schoenoplectus torreyi Torrey's bulrush native 6 ‐5Scirpus atrocinctus blackgirdle bulrush native 2 ‐5Scirpus atrovirens green bulrush native 2 ‐5Scirpus cyperinus woolgrass native 2 ‐5Scirpus expansus woodland bulrush native 3 ‐5Scirpus georgianus Georgia bulrush native 3 ‐5Scirpus hattorianus mosquito bulrush native 2 ‐5Scirpus longii Long's bulrush native 6 ‐5Scirpus microcarpus panicled bulrush native 3 ‐5Scirpus pedicellatus stalked bulrush native 2 ‐5Scirpus pendulus rufous bulrush native 2 ‐5Scirpus x peckii Peck's bulrush native 2 ‐5Scleranthus annuus German knotgrass non‐native 0 3Scrophularia lanceolata lanceleaf figwort native 4 3Scutellaria galericulata marsh skullcap native 4 ‐5Scutellaria lateriflora blue skullcap native 5 ‐5Scutellaria parvula small skullcap native 5 3Scutellaria x churchilliana Churchill skullcap native 5 ‐3Secale cereale cereal rye non‐native 0Securigera varia crownvetch non‐native 0Sedum acre goldmoss stonecrop non‐native 0Sedum album white stonecrop non‐native 0Sedum hispanicum Spanish stonecrop non‐native 0Sedum ochroleucum European stonecrop non‐native 0Sedum sarmentosum stringy stonecrop non‐native 0Sedum spurium tworow stonecrop non‐native 0



Sedum stoloniferum stolon stonecrop non‐native 0Sedum ternatum woodland stonecrop non‐native 0 3Selaginella apoda meadow spikemoss native 3 ‐3Selaginella rupestris northern selaginella native 7Selaginella selaginoides club spikemoss native 10 ‐3Sempervivum tectorum common houseleek non‐native 0Senecio jacobaea stinking willie non‐native 0 5Senecio sylvaticus woodland ragwort non‐native 0 5Senecio viscosus sticky ragwort non‐native 0Senecio vulgaris old‐man‐in‐the‐Spring non‐native 0 3Senna hebecarpa American senna non‐native 0 ‐3Sericocarpus asteroides toothed whitetop aster native 4Setaria faberi Japanese bristlegrass non‐native 0 3Setaria italica foxtail bristlegrass non‐native 0 3Setaria pumila yellow foxtail non‐native 0 0Setaria pumila ssp. pumila yellow foxtail non‐native 0 0Setaria verticillata hooked bristlegrass non‐native 0 3Setaria viridis green bristlegrass non‐native 0Shepherdia canadensis russet buffaloberry native 9 5Sherardia arvensis blue fieldmadder non‐native 0Sibbaldiopsis tridentata shrubby fivefingers native 6Sicyos angulatus oneseed bur cucumber non‐native 0 ‐3Sida spinosa prickly fanpetals non‐native 0 3Silene antirrhina sleepy silene native 2Silene armeria sweet William silene non‐native 0Silene csereii Balkan catchfly non‐native 0Silene dichotoma forked catchfly non‐native 0Silene dioica red catchfly non‐native 0Silene gallica common catchfly non‐native 0Silene latifolia bladder campion non‐native 0Silene nivea evening campion non‐native 0 ‐3



Silene noctiflora nightflowering silene non‐native 0Silene nutans Eurasian catchfly non‐native 0Silene pendula nodding catchfly non‐native 0Silene vulgaris maidenstears non‐native 0Silphium perfoliatum cup plant non‐native 0 ‐3Sinapis alba white mustard non‐native 0 3Sinapis arvensis charlock mustard non‐native 0Sisymbrium altissimum tall tumblemustard non‐native 0 3Sisymbrium loeselii small tumbleweed mustard non‐native 0Sisymbrium officinale hedgemustard non‐native 0Sisyrinchium albidum white blue‐eyed grass non‐native 0 3Sisyrinchium angustifolium narrowleaf blue‐eyed grass native 3 0Sisyrinchium atlanticum eastern blue‐eyed grass native 3 ‐3Sisyrinchium montanum strict blue‐eyed grass native 2 0Sisyrinchium mucronatum needletip blue‐eyed grass native 2 0Sium carsonii Carson's waterparsnip native 5 ‐5Sium suave hemlock waterparsnip native 5 ‐5Smilax herbacea smooth carrionflower native 6 0Smilax rotundifolia roundleaf greenbrier native 3 0Solanum carolinense Carolina horsenettle non‐native 0 3Solanum dulcamara climbing nightshade non‐native 0 0Solanum lycopersicum garden tomato non‐native 0Solanum nigrum black nightshade non‐native 0 3Solanum ptycanthum West Indian nightshade native 3 3Solanum rostratum buffalobur nightshade non‐native 0Solanum tuberosum Irish potato non‐native 0Solanum villosum hairy nightshade non‐native 0Solidago altissima Canada goldenrod native 2 3Solidago arguta Atlantic goldenrod native 5 3Solidago bicolor white goldenrod native 2Solidago caesia wreath goldenrod native 6 3



Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod native 2 3Solidago cutleri Cutler's alpine goldenrod native 9Solidago flexicaulis zigzag goldenrod native 6 3Solidago gigantea giant goldenrod native 2 ‐3Solidago hispida hairy goldenrod native 4Solidago juncea early goldenrod native 2Solidago macrophylla largeleaf goldenrod native 7Solidago multiradiata Rocky Mountain goldenrod native 9 3Solidago nemoralis gray goldenrod native 2Solidago puberula downy goldenrod native 3 3Solidago rugosa wrinkleleaf goldenrod native 2 0Solidago sempervirens seaside goldenrod native 4 ‐3Solidago simplex Mt. Albert goldenrod native 4 3Solidago simplex ssp. randii var. monticola Rand's goldenrod native 7 3Solidago simplex ssp. randii var. racemosa Rand's goldenrod native 7 3Solidago speciosa showy goldenrod native 7Solidago squarrosa stout goldenrod native 6Solidago uliginosa bog goldenrod native 7 ‐5Solidago x asperula goldenrod native 4 ‐5Sonchus arvensis field sowthistle non‐native 0 3Sonchus asper spiny sowthistle non‐native 0 3Sonchus oleraceus common sowthistle non‐native 0 3Sorbaria sorbifolia false spiraea non‐native 0Sorbus americana American mountain ash native 6 0Sorbus aucuparia European mountain ash non‐native 0Sorbus decora northern mountain ash native 6 3Sorbus hybrida oaskleaf mountain ash non‐native 0Sorghastrum nutans Indiangrass native 3 3Sorghum bicolor sorghum non‐native 0 5Sparganium americanum American bur‐reed native 5 ‐5Sparganium androcladum branched bur‐reed native 7 ‐5



Sparganium angustifolium narrowleaf bur‐reed native 6 ‐5Sparganium emersum European bur‐reed native 6 ‐5Sparganium eurycarpum broadfruit bur‐reed native 6 ‐5Sparganium fluctuans floating bur‐reed native 6 ‐5Sparganium natans small bur‐reed native 6 ‐5Spartina alterniflora smooth cordgrass native 6 ‐5Spartina patens saltmeadow cordgrass native 6 ‐3Spartina pectinata prairie cordgrass native 4 ‐3Spartina x caespitosa short cordgrass native 6 ‐5Spergula arvensis corn spurry non‐native 0Spergularia canadensis Canadian sandspurry native 6 ‐5Spergularia marina salt sandspurry native 6 ‐3Spergularia rubra red sandspurry non‐native 0 3Spergularia salina salt sandspurry non‐native 0 ‐3Sphenopholis intermedia slender wedgescale native 6 0Spinacia oleracea spinach non‐native 0Spiraea alba white meadowsweet native 2 ‐3Spiraea alba var. latifolia white meadowsweet native 2 ‐3Spiraea japonica Japanese meadowsweet non‐native 0 5Spiraea septentrionalis northern meadowsweet native 5 ‐3Spiraea tomentosa steeplebush native 3 ‐3Spiranthes casei Case's lady's tresses native 3Spiranthes cernua nodding lady's tresses native 2 ‐3Spiranthes lacera northern slender lady's tresses native 3 0Spiranthes lacera var. lacera northern slender lady's tresses native 5 0Spiranthes lucida shining lady's tresses native 8 ‐3Spiranthes ochroleuca yellow nodding lady's tresses native 3Spiranthes romanzoffiana hooded lady's tresses native 3 ‐5Spirodela polyrrhiza common duckmeat native 3 ‐5Sporobolus asper composite dropseed native 7Sporobolus compositus var. compositus composite dropseed native 7



Sporobolus contractus spike dropseed native 1Sporobolus cryptandrus sand dropseed native 3 3Sporobolus nealleyi gyp dropseed non‐native 0Sporobolus neglectus puffsheath dropseed native 3 3Sporobolus vaginiflorus poverty dropseed native 2Stachys annua annual hedgenettle non‐native 0Stachys arvensis staggerweed non‐native 0Stachys hispida smooth hedgenettle native 3Stachys hyssopifolia hyssopleaf hedgenettle non‐native 0 ‐3Stachys palustris marsh hedgenettle native 4 ‐5Stachys tenuifolia smooth hedgenettle native 4 ‐3Stellaria alsine bog chickweed native 5 ‐5Stellaria borealis boreal starwort native 7 ‐3Stellaria graminea grass‐like starwort non‐native 0 5Stellaria holostea addersmeat non‐native 0Stellaria humifusa saltmarsh starwort native 7 ‐5Stellaria longifolia longleaf starwort native 4 ‐3Stellaria media common chickweed non‐native 0 3Stellaria palustris meadow starwort non‐native 0 0Streptopus amplexifolius claspleaf twistedstalk native 7 0Streptopus lanceolatus twistedstock native 7 3Strophostyles helvola amberique‐bean non‐native 0 0Stuckenia filiformis fineleaf pondweed native 8 ‐5Stuckenia pectinata sago pondweed native 6 ‐5Suaeda calceoliformis Pursh seepweed native 7 ‐3Suaeda linearis annual seepweed native 6 ‐5Suaeda maritima herbaceous seepweed non‐native 0 ‐5Suaeda maritima ssp. maritima herbaceous seepweed non‐native 0 ‐5Suaeda maritima ssp. richii Rich's seepweed native 7 ‐5Subularia aquatica waterawlwort native 7 ‐5Symphoricarpos albus common snowberry non‐native 0 3



Symphyotrichum anticostense Anticosti aster native 7Symphyotrichum boreale northern bog aster native 7 ‐5Symphyotrichum ciliolatum Lindley's aster native 2Symphyotrichum cordifolium common blue wood aster native 2Symphyotrichum ericoides white heath aster native 3 3Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides white heath aster native 2 3Symphyotrichum laeve smooth blue aster native 2 3Symphyotrichum lanceolatum white panicle aster native 2 ‐3Symphyotrichum lanceolatum ssp. lanceolatum var. lanceolatum white panicle aster native 2 ‐3Symphyotrichum lateriflorum calico aster native 2 0Symphyotrichum lateriflorum var. lateriflorum calico aster native 2 0Symphyotrichum novae‐angliae New England aster native 2 ‐3Symphyotrichum novi‐belgii New York aster native 4 ‐3Symphyotrichum novi‐belgii var. novi‐belgii New York aster native 4 ‐3Symphyotrichum pilosum hairy white oldfield aster native 4 3Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pilosum hairy white oldfield aster native 2 3Symphyotrichum puniceum purplestem aster native 3 ‐5Symphyotrichum puniceum var. puniceum purplestem aster native 3 ‐5Symphyotrichum racemosum smooth white oldfield aster native 3 ‐3Symphyotrichum subulatum eastern annual saltmarsh aster native 8 ‐3Symphyotrichum tradescantii shore aster native 6 ‐3Symphyotrichum undulatum wavyleaf aster native 2Symphytum asperum prickly comfrey non‐native 0 5Symphytum officinale common comfrey non‐native 0Symphytum tuberosum tuberous comfrey non‐native 0Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage native 6 ‐5Syringa vulgaris common lilac non‐native 0Tanacetum balsamita costmary non‐native 0Tanacetum bipinnatum Huron tansy native 7Tanacetum parthenium feverfew non‐native 0Tanacetum vulgare common tansy non‐native 0 3



Taraxacum laevigatum rock dandelion non‐native 0Taraxacum officinale common dandelion non‐native 0 3Taxus canadensis Canada yew native 6 3Teucrium canadense Canada germander native 4 ‐3Thalictrum dioicum early meadow‐rue native 7 3Thalictrum pubescens king of the meadow native 2 ‐3Thalictrum venulosum veiny meadow‐rue native 8 ‐3Thelypteris noveboracensis New York fern native 3 0Thelypteris palustris eastern marsh fern native 3 ‐3Thelypteris simulata bog fern native 4Thermopsis villosa Aaron's rod non‐native 0Thinopyrum pycnanthum tick quackgrass non‐native 0 ‐3Thlaspi arvense field pennycress non‐native 0 5Thuja occidentalis arborvitae native 3 ‐3Thymus pulegioides lemon thyme non‐native 0Tiarella cordifolia heartleaf foamflower native 4 3Tilia americana American basswood native 6 3Tilia cordata littleleaf linden non‐native 0Tilia platyphyllos largeleaf linden non‐native 0Torreyochloa pallida var. fernaldii Fernald's false mannagrass native 6 ‐5Torreyochloa pallida var. pallida pale false mannagrass native 6 ‐5Toxicodendron radicans eastern poison ivy native 3 0Toxicodendron rydbergii western poison ivy native 5 0Toxicodendron vernix poison sumac native 6 ‐5Tradescantia ohiensis bluejacket non‐native 0 3Tradescantia virginiana Virginia spiderwort non‐native 0 5Tragopogon dubius yellow salsify non‐native 0Tragopogon porrifolius salsify non‐native 0Tragopogon pratensis yellow goats‐beard non‐native 0Tragus berteronianus spiked bur grass non‐native 0Tragus racemosus stalked bur grass non‐native 0



Triadenum fraseri Fraser's marsh St. Johnswort native 6Triadenum virginicum Virginia marsh St. Johnswort native 6Triantha glutinosa sticky tofieldia native 8 ‐5Trichophorum alpinum alpine bulrush native 8 ‐5Trichophorum cespitosum tufted bulrush native 7Trichophorum clintonii Clinton's bulrush native 9 3Trichostema dichotomum forked bluecurls native 3 5Trientalis borealis starflower native 3 0Trifolium arvense rabbitfoot clover non‐native 0Trifolium aureum golden clover non‐native 0Trifolium campestre field clover non‐native 0Trifolium dubium suckling clover non‐native 0 3Trifolium hybridum alsike clover non‐native 0 3Trifolium incarnatum crimson clover non‐native 0Trifolium medium zigzag clover non‐native 0Trifolium pratense red clover non‐native 0 3Trifolium repens white clover non‐native 0 3Triglochin gaspensis gaspe arrow grass native 8 ‐5Triglochin maritima seaside arrowgrass native 7 ‐5Triglochin palustre marsh arrowgrass native 8 ‐5Triglochin palustris marsh arrowgrass native 8 ‐5Trillium cernuum whip‐poor‐will flower native 8 0Trillium erectum red trillium native 5 3Trillium undulatum painted trillium native 6 3Triodanis perfoliata clasping Venus' looking‐glass native 4 3Triosteum aurantiacum orangefruit horse‐gentian native 5Triphora trianthophora threebirds native 5 3Tripleurospermum maritimum false mayweed non‐native 0 0Tripleurospermum maritimum ssp. maritimum false mayweed non‐native 0 0Tripleurospermum perforatum scentless false mayweed non‐native 0Trisetum melicoides purple false oat native 7



Trisetum spicatum spike trisetum native 7 0Triticum aestivum common wheat non‐native 0Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock native 3 3Turritis glabra tower rockcress native 2Tussilago farfara coltsfoot non‐native 0 3Typha angustifolia narrowleaf cattail non‐native 0 ‐5Typha latifolia broadleaf cattail native 2 ‐5Typha x glauca white cattail non‐native 0 ‐5Ulmus americana American elm native 2 ‐3Ulmus glabra Wych elm non‐native 0 3Ulmus parvifolia chinese elm non‐native 0 5Ulmus procera English elm non‐native 0Urtica dioica stinging nettle native 2 0Urtica urens dwarf nettle non‐native 0Utricularia cornuta horned bladderwort native 6 ‐5Utricularia geminiscapa hiddenfruit bladderwort native 6 ‐5Utricularia gibba humped bladderwort native 6 ‐5Utricularia intermedia flatleaf bladderwort native 6 ‐5Utricularia macrorhiza common bladderwort native 3 ‐5Utricularia minor lesser bladderwort native 6 ‐5Utricularia purpurea eastern purple bladderwort native 5 ‐5Utricularia radiata little floating bladderwort native 6 ‐5Utricularia resupinata lavender bladderwort native 7 ‐5Uvularia sessilifolia sessileleaf bellwort native 3 3Vaccaria hispanica cow soapwort non‐native 0 5Vaccinium angustifolium lowbush blueberry native 2 3Vaccinium boreale northern blueberry native 8Vaccinium caesariense New Jersey blueberry native 5 ‐5Vaccinium cespitosum dwarf bilberry native 7Vaccinium corymbosum highbush blueberry native 4 ‐3Vaccinium fuscatum black highbush blueberry native 7 ‐3



Vaccinium macrocarpon cranberry native 5 ‐5Vaccinium myrtilloides velvetleaf huckleberry native 3 ‐3Vaccinium oxycoccos small cranberry native 7 ‐5Vaccinium pallidum Blue Ridge blueberry native 6Vaccinium uliginosum bog blueberry native 7 0Vaccinium vitis‐idaea lingonberry native 7 0Vahlodea atropurpurea mountain hairgrass native 9 ‐3Valeriana officinalis garden valerian non‐native 0Valeriana uliginosa marsh valerian native 8 ‐5Valerianella locusta Lewiston cornsalad non‐native 0Vallisneria americana American eelgrass native 6 ‐5Ventenata dubia north African grass non‐native 0Veratrum viride green false hellebore native 5 ‐3Verbascum blattaria moth mullein non‐native 0 3Verbascum phlomoides orange mullein non‐native 0Verbascum thapsus common mullein non‐native 0 5Verbena bracteata bigbract verbena non‐native 0 3Verbena hastata swamp verbena native 4 ‐3Veronica agrestis green field speedwell non‐native 0Veronica americana American speedwell native 5 ‐5Veronica anagallis‐aquatica water speedwell native 5 ‐5Veronica arvensis corn speedwell non‐native 0 3Veronica austriaca broadleaf speedwell non‐native 0Veronica beccabunga European speedwell non‐native 0 ‐5Veronica chamaedrys germander speedwell non‐native 0 5Veronica longifolia long‐leaved speedwell non‐native 0Veronica officinalis common gypsyweed non‐native 0 3Veronica peregrina neckweed native 2 0Veronica persica birdeye speedwell non‐native 0Veronica polita gray field speedwell non‐native 0Veronica scutellata skullcap speedwell native 5 ‐5



Veronica serpyllifolia thymeleaf speedwell native 2 0Veronica wormskjoldii American alpine speedwell native 10 0Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's root non‐native 0 0Viburnum acerifolium mapleleaf viburnum native 5 5Viburnum dentatum southern arrowwood native 4 0Viburnum edule squashberry native 8 ‐3Viburnum lantana wayfaringtree non‐native 0Viburnum lantanoides hobblebush native 6 3Viburnum lentago nannyberry native 4 0Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides withe‐rod native 4 ‐3Viburnum opulus ssp. trilobum American cranberrybush native 5 ‐3Viburnum opulus var. americanum American cranberrybush native 4 ‐3Viburnum opulus var. opulus European cranberrybush non‐native 0 ‐3Vicia cracca bird vetch non‐native 0Vicia faba horsebean non‐native 0Vicia hirsuta tiny vetch non‐native 0Vicia sativa garden vetch non‐native 0 3Vinca minor common periwinkle non‐native 0Viola adunca hookedspur violet native 3 3Viola affinis sand violet native 3 ‐3Viola arvensis European field pansy non‐native 0Viola blanda sweet white violet native 4 ‐3Viola blanda var. palustriformis sweet white violet native 4 ‐3Viola canadensis Canadian white violet native 8 3Viola cucullata marsh blue violet native 2 ‐5Viola labradorica alpine violet native 3 0Viola lanceolata bog white violet native 4 ‐5Viola macloskeyi ssp. pallens smooth white violet native 3 ‐5Viola nephrophylla northern bog violet native 8 ‐3Viola novae‐angliae New England blue violet native 7 ‐5Viola odorata sweet violet non‐native 0



Viola pallens smooth white violet native 3Viola pubescens downy yellow violet native 6 3Viola renifolia white violet native 6 ‐3Viola rotundifolia roundleaf yellow violet native 6 0Viola sagittata arrowleaf violet native 2 0Viola selkirkii Selkirk's violet native 7Viola sororia common blue violet non‐native 0 0Viola tricolor johnny jumpup non‐native 0Viola x primulifolia primrose violet native 2 ‐3Viscaria vulgaris clammy campion non‐native 0Vitis aestivalis summer grape native 6 3Vitis labrusca fox grape native 2 3Vitis riparia riverbank grape native 3 0Vitis x novae‐angliae pilgrim grape native 3Vulpia bromoides brome fescue non‐native 0 5Vulpia myuros rat‐tail fescue non‐native 0 3Vulpia octoflora sixweeks fescue native 2 3Waldsteinia fragarioides Appalachian barren strawberry native 3Wisteria floribunda Japanese wisteria non‐native 0Wolffia borealis northern watermeal native 4 ‐5Wolffia brasiliensis Brazilian watermeal native 4 ‐5Wolffia columbiana Columbian watermeal native 3 ‐5Woodsia alpina northern woodsia native 9Woodsia glabella smooth woodsia native 9Woodsia ilvensis rusty woodsia native 7Woodsia obtusa bluntlobe cliff fern native 8Woodwardia virginica Virginia chainfern native 7 ‐5Xanthium spinosum spiny cocklebur non‐native 0 3Xanthium strumarium rough cocklebur non‐native 0 0Xanthorhiza simplicissima yellowroot non‐native 0 ‐3Xyris difformis bog yelloweyed grass native 5 ‐5



Xyris montana northern yelloweyed grass native 5 ‐5Xyris smalliana Small's yelloweyed grass native 7 ‐5Zannichellia palustris horned pondweed native 5 ‐5Zanthoxylum americanum common pricklyash non‐native 0 3Zea mays corn non‐native 0Zizania aquatica annual wildrice native 5 ‐5Zizania palustris northern wildrice native 5 ‐5Zizia aurea golden zizia native 3 0Zostera marina seawrack native 8 ‐5

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of Scientific · Acorus americanus sweetflag native 6 ‐5 Acorus calamus calamus native 6 ‐5 Actaea pachypoda white baneberry native 7 5 ... Astragalus alpinus var. brunetianus