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Overview of NREL Electricity R&D Program and Activities (NRECA Briefing at NREL) By Dick DeBlasio, NREL – Chief Engineer Principal Program Manager for Electricity Programs May 18, 2010. OE -- Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability. DOE Goal - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Overview of NREL Electricity R&D Program and Activities
(NRECA Briefing at NREL)
By
Dick DeBlasio, NREL – Chief Engineer Principal Program Manager
for Electricity Programs
May 18, 2010
Portfolio of Distributed Energy Sources and Infrastructure
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OE -- Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability DOE Goal
Create a more flexible, more reliable, and higher capacity U.S. energy infrastructure
OE GOAL
Lead national efforts to modernize the electric grid, enhance security and reliability of the energy infrastructure, and facilitate recovery from disruptions to the energy supply
OE R&D Strategies & Objectives•Develop High Temperature superconducting (wires & coils) to increase capacity, efficiency, and reliability, of the electric system.
•Advance real time visualization and control tools to utilize T&D assets, etc.
•Integrate advanced technologies (i.e., renewable, Distributed Generation, storage, load management)
Assistant Secretary DOE/OE (Pat Hoffman, Acting)
R&D
NREL Electricity Program Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Central Power Generation
• Wind Farms
• Concentrating Solar Power
• Solar Utility Scale PV
• Geothermal
• Ocean Wave & Current
Distributed Power Generation
• Solar Residential/ Commercial PV
• Small/Community Wind
• Electric Drive Vehicles
• Fuel Cells
• Micro-turbines/Engines
Advanced Power Management
Systems Integration
Interconnection Technology
Storage
Smart-Grid
Micro-grids
System Impacts
Standards and Codes
Efficient End Use
• Residential Buildings
• Commercial Buildings
• Solar Heating & Cooling
• Electric Drive Vehicles
• Industry
Electric Transmission
System
Electric Distribution
System
Load Management CHP
DeBlasio 7/8/07
EfficientBuildingSystems
UtilityCommunications
DynamicSystemsControl
DataManagement
DistributionOperations
DistributedGeneration& Storage
Plug-In Hybrids
SmartEnd-UseDevices
ControlInterface
AdvancedMetering
Consumer Portal& Building EMS
Internet Renewables
PV
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NREL ELECTRICITY Program R&D Focus Areas
– Interconnection & interface engineering – Test and evaluation – Standards, codes, and conformance– Renewable systems specific issues – DE system modeling and simulation – Renewable resource integration – Impacts and solutions – Advanced technologies, e.g., power
electronics (advanced functionality, modular, scalable), and monitoring, information exchange and control, interoperability)
– New grid architectures, and operations functionality, e.g., Microgrids and Smart Grids
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Grid Modernization
Today’s Electricity …
Power park
Hydrogen Storage
Industrial DG
Tomorrow’s Choices …
Combined Heat and Power
Fuel Cell
e -
e -
Wind Farms
Rooftop Photovoltaics
Remote Loads
Load as a resource
SMES
Smart Substation
Fuel Cell
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Smart Grid
Smart Grids: – Enable High Penetration of Renewables and Distributed
Generation– Enable price responsiveness of customers– Allow dispatchable load and storage– Improve energy efficiency
DOE defines the Smart Grid as:
“an automated, widely distributed energy delivery network characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information, capable of monitoring and responding to changes in everything from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances.”
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FY 2010 Smart Grid Activities at NREL Supports DOE OE Goals for a modern grid with a
Smart Electric Delivery System
• Development of Interoperability Standards (e.g., IEEE P2030) and Interconnection Standards (e.g. IEEE 1547)
• Enable High Penetration of Renewables and Distributed Generation (Grid Integration, e.g., IEEE P1547.8 proposed)
• Advanced Distribution System Operations (Microgrids, P1547.4)
• Allow dispatchable load and storage (i.e., V2G; part of IEEE proposed P1547.8 Industry Driven/Collaboration with SAE – and related to NIST Priority Action Plans)
• Development of Conformance Test Protocols for Smart Grid Technologies (enhanced funding request – TBD)
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OE DOE NREL FY2010 SG Projects
Smart Grid R&D – Sub Program
Projects:
• Smart Grid Interconnection Standards Development (1547 standards) - PI Tom Basso
• Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Development 2030 standards) - PI Tom Basso
• Renewable and Distribution Systems Impact R&D PI’s Ben Kroposki and Tom Basso
OE Renewable Systems Interconnection(DER focus)
• In FY09, we developed a report discussing fault ride though and short circuit characteristics for inverter-based renewable energy systems.
• Published Understanding Fault Characteristics of Inverter-Based Distributed Energy Resources (January 2010)
• In FY10 we will continue to evaluate needed testing and modeling to simulate short-circuit and fault-ride through characteristics of inverter based distributed renewable systems.
• The goal in FY10 is to develop standard inverter models of short-circuit contributions and fault ride-through capability that could be used to perform studies. (September 2010)
• These open source models could then be transitioned to software developer and included in electrical power system simulation packages.
Available at:http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/46698.pdf
OE Renewable Systems Interconnection(Distribution System focus)
• In FY10 we continue to promote the FY09 report three primary recommendations:
- need qualification of the grid; - need qualification of modern interconnection systems (e.g., smart grid concepts beyond IEEE 1547 base standard to allow grid support); and - need modeling and simulation improvements,
e.g., into IEEE P1547.7 draft guide to impact studies for DR interconnection.
• Further in FY10 we are establishing example algorithm and model analysis tools (in Distributed Engineering Workstation program) for DR interconnection between the grid and renewable electric distributed energy systems . (Report -- September 2010)
• Goal in FY10 is to show “universality” of these example tools and how they may be incorporated by others into multiple software analysis programs; longer term goals are to validate additional example tools so others will establish similar tools to readily understand, quantify and mitigate system impacts from renewable systems integration.
Report documents and evaluates system impacts of DR interconnection to T&D systems (ocus on renewables); it also identifies impact-resolution approaches and challenges -- http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/44727.pdf
→
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Federal 2005 Energy Policy Act: Federal 2005 Energy Policy Act: Cites & Requires IEEE 1547Cites & Requires IEEE 1547 (IEEE Std 1547 Developed By National Team of 444 Professionals) (IEEE Std 1547 Developed By National Team of 444 Professionals)
Federal 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act: Federal 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act: Established NIST as Lead to Coordinate Framework and Established NIST as Lead to Coordinate Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards and Protocols Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards and Protocols
Smart Grid Interconnection and Interoperability
Distribution System
Communications and Information Technology Information Flow, Data Management,
Monitor & Control
Substations
DE Resources Interconnection
Bulk Power
Combined Heat & Power
Load Managementsensors
sensors
(Also, larger DER on transmission)
sensors
sensors
Systems Approach • Interconnection & Interfaces • Technical Standards • Advanced Technologies • Systems Integration
Transmission System
EV
Recip. Generator
Photovoltaics
Micro Turbine
Storage
Fuel Cell
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IEEE 1547 Interconnection Standards
1547- 2003 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems
1547.1 - 2005 Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting DR with EPS
1547.2 - 2008 Application Guide for IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnection of DR with EPS
1547.3 - 2007 Guide for Monitoring, Information Exchange and Control of DR
Current 1547 ProjectsP1547.4 Guide for Design, Operation, and Integration of DR Island Systems with EPS
P1547.6 Recommended Practice for Interconnecting DR With EPS Distribution Secondary Networks
P1547.5 Guidelines for Interconnection of Electric Power Sources Greater Than 10 MVA to the Power Transmission Grid Urban distribution
networks
Microgrids
http
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P1547.7 Draft Guide to Conducting Distribution Impact Studies for Distributed Resource Interconnection
Identified
in Report
to NIST
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IEEE Unifies Power, Communications and IT:
Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Project P2030
P20
30
http
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Communication Technologies {exchange processes
for information}
Information Technologies
{data, facts, and knowledge}
Power and Energy Technologies
[electric power system, end use applications and loads]
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IEEE P2030 Standards Development Schedule
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Smart Grid Conformance Testing• Accelerate
development and adoption of Smart Grid technologies
• Develop consensus-based standard test protocol
• Develop interoperability test beds
• Achieve interoperability between interfaces and devices
CommunicationsInterface
Physically how information moves and devices communicate
Information Technology
Interface
What information moves and how
information is organized
PowerInterface
Physically how electricity moves and devices interconnect Smart Grid
Interface Interoperability
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Grid Simulator
Synchronous GeneratorsPV Arrays
Utility Grid
Battery Banks
Fuel Cells Microturbines
Wind Turbines
PHEV/V2G
Inverters
DC Bus
DC Loads
AC Loads/ Appliances
LV AC Bus MV AC Bus
MV Generation
Building Loads and Demand Response
NREL Smart Grid Testing
Grid Simulator
Energy Storage
Grid Agent/ Smart Meter
Communications/ IT infrastructure
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In Summary
FY 2010 Smart Grid OE Activities at NREL
• Development of Interoperability Standards (e.g., IEEE P2030) and Interconnection Standards (e.g. IEEE 1547)
• Enable High Penetration of Renewables and Distributed Generation (Grid Integration, e.g., IEEE P1547.8 proposed)
• Advanced Distribution System Operations (Microgrids, P1547.4)
• Allow dispatchable load and storage (i.e., V2G; part of IEEE proposed P1547.8 Industry Driven/Collaboration with SAE – and related to NIST Priority Action Plans)