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Odessa National economic university
Trends in the development of free economic zones in Ukraine
Speaker Mamontova I.V.Supervisor PhD, Prof. Baranova V.G.
Free economic zone - a part of the state territory with free regime for foreign
investment and favorable economic conditions (favorable exchange rate regime, tax benefits, low customs duties, a feature of employment
law, etc.)
Classification of free economic zones* 1. Foreign trade zone 2. Integrated production area 3. Scientific and technical areas 4. Recreational areas 5. Banking and insurance (offshore) zone 6. Border trade zone
*according to resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 14 March 1994 № 167 "On the Concept of creation of special (free)
economic zones in Ukraine"
Map of free economic zones in Ukraine
FEZ “Porto-ranco”FEZ “Porto-franco”
FEZ “Porto-Franco”Odessa region:
-SEZ “Porto-Franco”
-SEZ “Reni”
Mykolaiv region:
-SEZ “Mykolaiv”
Crimea region:
-SEZ “Syvash” -SEZ “Port Crimea”
c. Mykachivo:
-SEZ “Zakarpatya”
Mariypol region:
-SEZ “Azov”
Donetsk region:
-SEZ “Donetsk”
t. Truskavez:
-SEZ “Kurtopolis Truskavez”
v. Yavoriv:
-SEZ “Yavoriv”
t. Slavutich:
-SEZ “Slavutich”
t. Kovel:
-SEZ “Interport”
The actual steps of Ukrainian government in creating of Free
economic zonesTaxes policy
creation of a special tax regime for
businesses FEZ
The Law of Ukraine "On general
principles of creation and functioning of
special (free) economic zones" The creation of 12 free
economic zones on the territory of
Ukraineabolition of the current taxation
regime - the complete abolition of benefits
The Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine" On State Budget of Ukraine for 2005 "
Legislativesteps
Foreign-economic
steps
Ratings of the effectiveness of Free economic zones in Ukraine on
01.01.2005(at the time of cancellation of privileges )
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
Regional efficiency
Budgetary efficiency
Investment efficiency
Reasons for cancellation of the preferential tax regime in Ukraine:
imperfect tax legislation
abuse of some concessionary clauses by some innovation and investment
businesses budgetary losses
absence of criteria for evaluating the expedience of FEZ creation on some
territory or a region
Kherson region
АР Крим
Mykolaiv region
Odessa region Advantages of the Black Sea region compared to other regions of
the country:
- A favorable climate coastal zone
- The presence of major sea and river ports
-Availability of mineral resources and deposits of raw building materials
- A variety of fish resources, fishing which put on an industrial basis
- A powerful industrial and agricultural production, leading industries: engineering, food and light industry
- Developed chemical industry
- Developed transport infrastructure: rail, water, road
Economic results of free economic zones operation on the territory of Odessa region
0,9% 0,8%
8,3%
0
2
4
6
8
10
Income from thesale of works,
services
The volume ofproducts,services
Productionoutput (overload)
% fulfiling
62,5%
58,0%
54
56
58
60
62
64
Number of jobs created Number of saved jobs
% fulfiling
Social results of free economic zones operation on the territory of Odessa region
1,7%
0,3%
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
Payments to all budgets Amount received taxbenefits
% fulfiling
Budgetary results of free economic zones operation on the territory of Odessa region
Disadvantages of the applied mechanism in creating and using FEZ in Ukraine:
- No functioning of FEZ mainly for the long term
- The absence of strict control over the targeted use of tax benefits by investors
- Premature termination of tax benefits in 2005
- No systematic usage of financial instruments
- Absence of legislative support for the special regime for SEZs (in Tax Code)