OCR Cambridge Technical in

ScienceLevel 2

UNIT 10:CHEMISTRY OF PRODUCTION

Chemistry of production

It is one of the country’s largest and safest manufacturing

industries.

The UK chemical industry has a turnover of over £57 billion a year and employs

nearly 200,000 people.

Why are chemicals so important?

Everything you use is made from chemicals.

The manufacture and production of these

chemicals is essential in everyday life.

Important chemical processesHaber Process = Ammonia

eg fertilisers, cleaning products

Important chemical processesContact Process = Sulfuric acid

eg dyes and pigments, pharmaceuticals, antifreeze

Important chemical processesElectrolysis of brine = Chlorine and hydrogen

eg disinfecting drinking water,

textiles, paper products

Important chemical processesFermentation = Ethanol

eg perfumes

Chemical processesA Chemical process is a method of changing one

or more chemicals or chemical compounds.

All Chemicals are produced using the same steps/processes.

ReactionsChemical reactions happen all the time and they

are affected by a number of factors.

ConditionsAll reactions need specific conditions in order for

them to produce a high yield.

A high yield will result in more money for a

company and also more chemicals for further

production.

The Contact process is used to produce

Sulfuric acid.

What are the dangers of chemicals?

Chemicals can be very dangerous if they are not handled correctly. This can lead to:

fires

explosions

leakages

Release of toxic or hazardous materials that can cause

illness, injury, disability or death.

Universal hazard symbols are used to identify the dangers of chemicals in the laboratory or

in transit.

Being greenChemicals are useful, but also very polluting and

dangerous.How can we protect our environment?

What will you learn?

About a variety of chemical processes.

Why and where chemical plants

are located.

How waste treatment methods

can be used to minimise the

environmental impact of a

chemical process.

The factors that govern the rate and yield of a

chemical process.

How the chemical industry maintains a good safety record in the manufacture and

transport of chemicals.

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OCR acknowledges the use of the following content: Slide 4 Scientist: Style_photography.de/Shutterstock.com Slide 5 Man with capsule: Jane0606/Shutterstock.com Slide 6 Cleaning products: Maxx_Studio/Shutterstock.com Slides 7 and 12 Antifreeze: nikkytok/Shutterstock.com, medicines: Olga Mitsova/Shutterstock.com Slide 8 Bottle: VictoriaKh/Shutterstock.com, paper: Lipskiy/Shutterstock.com Slide 9 Perfume: Digital genetics/Shutterstock.com Slide 13 Spillage Zelfit/Shutterstock.com, Man in gas mask: Anatolym/Shutterstock.com Slide 14 Man hugging Earth: Amasterphotographer/Shutterstock.com Slide 15 Scientist: Anatolym/Shutterstock.com

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