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Oceanographic Activities of

INCLINE

Edmo Campos Oceanographic Intitute – University of São Paulo Brazil

LABMON - GEOCLIM

Collaborators: Paulo Nobre (INPE/Brazil); Janice Trotte (MCTI/Brazil); Carlos França,

Francisco Vicentini Neto, Luiz Nonnato (IOUSP/Brazil); Leonardo Barreira (IEAPM/Brazil) and

Rick Cole (RDSEA/U.S.)

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Sub-Project: Observations and Numerical Modeling Studies for the

Understanding of Impacts of Climatic Change in the South Atlantic on the

Physics, Biology and Biogeochemistry off Southern and Southeastern

Brazilian Coastal Zone

Scientific Rationale:

The coastal region off Brazil is part of the western limits of the South Atlantic

Subtropical Gyre and, consequently, impacted by the global ocean circulation.

Changes in the large scale circulation resulting from changes in Earth’s climate

have significant impacts on the oceanic region adjacent to the Brazilian shores.

Changes in physical properties result in alterations of the local climate, with

impacts on the hydrological cycle and on the fluvial discharge regimes along the

coastal regions.

Alterations in the coastal hydrodynamics and the upwelling systems impact the

biological pump and the biogeochemical cycles on the continental shelf.

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The South Atlantic

exports heat to the

North Atlantic at a rate

of approximately 1.3

Petawatts (1.3 x 1015 W)

The inter-hemispheric heat and

mass exchange in the Atlantic is

a key element in the global

Meridional Overturning

Circulation (MOC).

The South Atlantic role in Global Climate

Small anomalies in this

process may lead to

abrupt climate changes.

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The Green

Amazon

The Blue Amazon

Regional Relevance

The ocean circulation impacts

directly the entire Brazilian EEZ,

known in Brazil as the the “Blue

Amazon”

Cortesia: A. Piola

Ocean-Atmosphere interactions in

the Tropical and Subtropical South

Atlantic play important role in

regional climate.

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Regional Relevance

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Regional Relevance 2004

Other “Catarinas”?

SST

SSH

0.40

C

0.1

SSS

Catarina, the 1st Hurricane in the

South Atlantic – Mar 2004

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NATURE, vol 497, 9 May 2013

The AMOC is being monitored on three arrays

across the Atlantic:

OSNAP, surface-to-bottom monitoring array

between Canada and Scotland, proposed to US

and British funding agencies.

RAPID-MOCHA, from the Florida to Africa

across 26.5N, which has been in place since

2004

SAMOC, a multinational effort in

the South Atlantic from Brazil to

South Africa, along 34.5oS.

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P, Brandt/Kiel

SAMOC is an International effort to create and maintain a

climate observing system in the South Atlantic

Participants:

• Brazil

• Argentina

• South Africa

• United States

• France

• Germany

• Russia

• England

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The Brazilian Component of the SAMOC Program

Together with institutions in Argentina and the Unites States,

since 2011 Brazil is contributing to SAMOC, by setting up a

monitoring system in the western end of the SAMBA line

Funding: US$ 1,430,000.00

Principal Investigator: Edmo Campos

Eastern end

of the array

is being

monitored by

South Africa

and France.

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Two other programs, the Atlas-B and MOVAR

complements SAMOC and PIRATA

Movar

Atlas-B

SAMOC Basin-wide Array (SAMBA)

Activities supported by

Brazilian Navy ships

and the University of

Sao Paulo’s R/V

Alpha-Crucis

N/Oc Alpha-Crucis

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The Atlas-B A Brazilian-made Atlas Buoy

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The Atlas-B is monitoring the region where occurred the 1st

Hurricane in the South Atlantic: The Catarina (March 2004)

MicroCAT

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Constructing and mooring the

Atlas-B

The “Guariroba” is the 1st deep-

ocean buoy entirely integrated

and moored by a Brazilian team.

Custo total de

duas boias:

R$ 1.3 milhões

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15

Guariroba data will be available

in real-time through the GTS

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The Atlas-B is a Pilot Project of the PIRATA Program

MOVAR

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An article on the technical

aspects of the construction

and mooring of the Atlas-B

Buoy has made the cover of

the September Issue of the

Marine Technology Reporter

The Atlas-B on the

international scenario