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The 3 W’s
As a staffing company representative, you will need to know…
− What are the most common work-related diseases?
− Which jobs have the highest risk?
− What are the job tasks or conditions that put the workers at risk?
Types Of Occupational Diseases
Occupational Hearing Loss
Skin Diseases
Occupational Lung Diseases
Occupational Blood Disorders and Diseases
Occupational Hearing Loss
Definition − Total or partial
inability to hear sound in one or both ears as a result of one’s occupation.
Occupational Hearing Loss
Agribusiness
00’s Codes
Hazard
Irrigation pumps
Tractors
Hay bailers
Combines
Food Services
2000-2688 Codes
Hazard
Machines used in the
mass production of
product
Occupational Hearing Loss
Plastics 4000 - 4493 codes − Hazards: Machines
Pharmaceuticals 4825 - 4829 codes− Hazards: Various machines
Printing 4299 code− Hazards: Printing presses, copiers
Food and Clothing Manufacturing 2000 - 2268− Hazards: Various machines
Permissible Noise Exposure
Normal conversation in a quiet room has a noise level of approximately 70 dBA.
OSHA mandates that a monitoring program must be in place if employees are exposed to sound levels that meet or exceed an eight hour time weighted average of 85 dBA.
Prevention
Education of employees
Assessment of noise exposure
Engineering and administrative controls for noise exposures
Occupational Skin Disease
Definition:
− A skin disorder that arises out of contact with either an irritant or sensitizing agent encountered in the work environment.
Who is at Risk?
Construction 5000’s codes− Hazard: Epoxy, glue solvents, various other
chemicals
Healthcare 8800’s code− Hazard: Gloves, soaps, communicable
diseases, various other chemicals
Occupational Skin Diseases
Agribusiness 00’s codes− Hazard: Cutaneous anthrax, ringworm, herbicides, pesticides,
infected animals
Food Service 2000 - 2688 codes− Hazard: Extreme temperatures, various chemicals,
wet shoes and socks, soaps
Plastics 4000 - 4493 codes− Hazard: Various chemicals, glue solvents
Pharmaceuticals 4825 - 4829 codes− Hazard: Various chemicals
Printing 4299 code− Hazard: Various chemicals (chromium, epoxy resins), inks
Prevention
Education
Engineering controls
Good housekeeping
Proper equipment guards
Proper use of PPE
Occupational Lung Disease
Definition:− Repeated exposure to
airborne particles, chemicals, vapors, or gases that result in various diseases involving the lungs
Examples:− Pneumoconiosis,
asbestosis, silicosis
Who is at Risk?
Construction 5000’s codes
− Hazards: Wood dust, metallic dust, asbestos, sand blasting, various gasses, fumes, and cutting oils
Who is at Risk?
Healthcare 8800’s codes− Hazards: Various
chemicals and gases mainly utilized in laboratory work, drilling, and surgical procedures
Agribusiness 00’s codes− Hazards: Animal waste,
plant fertilizer, moldy hay spores, insecticides, pesticides, herbicides
Who is at Risk?
Plastics 4000 - 4493 codes− Hazards: Various chemicals and acids used in
plastics manufacturing, vapors and dust produced when grinding
Pharmaceuticals 4825 - 4829 codes− Hazards: Airborne dust, various chemicals, vapors
from production processes
Printing 4299 code− Hazards: Inhalation of vapors and dust from paper
products
Evaluating a Facility
Is there proper ventilation?
Are respirators in use or other required PPE?
Do the employees receive appropriate breaks to remove them from the environment?
What is the age of the facility (asbestos)?
Prevention
Proper respirator fit testing as well as respirator physical. A respirator physical can alert you to a possible pre-existing condition and determine fitness for duty.
Employee must always wear proper PPE. Effective ventilation by dilution or local exhaust. Proper hand washing and personal hygiene.
Occupational Blood Disorders and Disease
Definition: − Repeated exposure to
harmful chemicals or bloodborne diseases that result in a chronic blood disorder or disease
Examples: − Hepatitis, HIV, heavy metal
poisoning, aplastic anemia, lead poisoning, and mercury poisoning
Who is at Risk?
Construction 5000’s codes
− Hazards: Copper (preservative treated wood)
Chromium (painting, sandblasting, welding)
Lead (painting, sandblasting, welding)
Benzene (painting)
Cadmium (painting, medal soldering, welding)
Arsenic (preservative treated wood)
Who is at Risk?
Healthcare 8800’s code− Hazard: Mercury (dental fillings
and thermometers)
Agribusiness 00’s codes− Hazard: Arsenic (pesticides)
Food Service 2000 - 2688 codes− Hazard: Fish (mercury)
Who is at Risk?
Plastics 4000 - 4493 codes− Hazard: Cadmium (pigments and plastic production)
Pharmaceuticals 4825 - 4829 codes− Hazard: Contact with different metals
when manufacturing drugs
Printing 4299 code− Hazard: Cadmium (pigments)
Lead (printing)
Prevention
Proper respirator fit testing as well as respirator physical.
Employee must always wear PPE.
Effective safety program that monitors exposure levels and hazards.
Effective ventilation.
Proper hand washing as well as personal hygiene.
Things to Consider about OD Claims
They are normally filed at the “onset of symptoms.”
The employer of record at this time will almost always be charged with the claim.
Many of these claims are chronic in nature and can result in significant disability awards.
Not all jurisdictions apply “second injury funds” or similar tools to lessen the impact of these claims.
Exposures
Hiring Considerations− Experience of the
applicant Work history Job type Job market
Worksite Considerations− Do you work in the
exposures that we have discussed?
− Have you verified the recommended controls?
Boosting Your Immunity
Train your hiring staff to closely review work history.− Where did the applicant work?− What did they do?− For how long?− Is the previous employer out of business?
Did the applicant complete a post-offer medical questionnaire?
Pre-employment Physicals
They may be beneficial, but there are some potential problems:
− Cost
− EEOC issues
− Reliability
Are “older workers” a bad risk?
Certainly not!
Studies show that mature workers are more likely to be:− Dependable
− Receptive to rules
− Have fewer accidents
It must be noted that injuries to older workers commonly result in longer recovery times and more days away from work.
It’s all about matching workers to assignments.
Summary
Occupational diseases and disorders can be prevented with proper monitoring, proper PPE, and most of all a thorough safety orientation for your employees.
An ounce of loss prevention may be worth a pound of claims management.
Your immunity to occupational diseases depends on your level of control in the hiring process as well as at the work site.