ObstRUctION LIghtINg gUIdeLINes - Mas group LIghtINg gUIdeLINes Any structure that exceeds 200’ above ground level generally needs to be marked (lighted) according to fAA/IcAO Regulations

ObstRUctION LIghtINg

gUIdeLINes

KNOWLEDGE • QUALITY • SERVICE www.unimar.com

Lighting & Control Specialists

INTRODUCTION TO OBSTRUCTION LIGHTING GUIDELINES

KNOWLEDGE • QUALITY • SERVICE www.unimar.com78

ObstRUctION LIghtINg gUIdeLINes

Any structure that exceeds 200’ above ground level generally needs to be marked (lighted) according to fAA/IcAO Regulations. There are many factors that can affect obstruction marking requirements, such as weather, terrain, proximity to airports, etc. The information presented in the following pages of this catalog is intended to provide basic guidance for structure marking.

The fAA and IcAO guidelines presented herein describe minimum requirements for various structure heights and descriptions of equipment to be used. Note that for Red Lighting systems, the tower must be painted in alternating levels of aviation orange and white to provide maximum daytime visibility (red lights are for nighttime only). In the case of white or dual lighting systems, the need for painting the tower is eliminated.

height is only one important consideration when choosing how a structure is to be marked. The products presented in this catalog support the obstruction lighting requirements set forth by the fAA/fcc and IcAO. In addition, Unimar is a master distributor for each of the following product lines: cooper crouse-hinds, Abb controls (formerly entrelec, ssAc), flash technology and dialight corporation.

for industrial applications, professional assistance will be required, for example in the case of aviation lighting for industrial facilities or wind farm lighting applications. Let your sales representative or our Technical Support staff help you determine which is the best lighting solution for your unique application.

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Guidelines for the use of Electrical Equipment in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres

Potentially explosive atmospheres exist where there is a risk of explosion due to mixtures of gas/air, vapor/air, dust/air or other flammable combinations. In such areas there is a necessity to eliminate sources of ignition such as sparks, hot surfaces or static electricity which may ignite these mixtures. Where electrical equipment has to be used in these areas it must be so designed and constructed as not to create sources of ignition capable of igniting these mixtures. Before electrical equipment can be used in a potentially explosive atmosphere, a representative sample has to be fully tested and certified by an independent authority such as PTB in Europe or UL in the USA.This information is intended as a guide only and further expert guidance should be sought before placing into service, maintaining or repairing any item of equipment in a potentially explosive atmosphere.Where comparisons are shown between, for example, European and North American practice this may be an approximation and individual standards/codes of practice should be consulted for precise details.

Plants are divided into Zones (European and IEC method) or Divisions (North American method) according to the likelihood of a potentially explosive atmosphere being present.Note: North American legislation now allows Zones to be used to classify areas, where this practice is used it follows the NEC and CEC.

european & Iec classification definition of Zone or division North American classification

Zone 0 (gases) Zone 20 (dusts)

An area in which an explosive mixture is continuously present or present for long periods

Class I, Division 1 (gases) Class II, Division 1 (dusts)


An area in which an explosive mixture is likely to occur in normal operation

Class I, Division 1 (gases) Class II, Division 1 (dusts)


An area in which an explosive mixture is not likely to occur in normal operation and if it occurs it will exist only for a short time

Class I, Division 2 (gases) Class II, Division 2 (dusts) Class III, Division 1 (fibers) Class III, Division 2 (fibers)

There are two main gas groups, Group I – Mining only and Group II – Surface IndustriesThese categories are used in European and IEC groupings.Group I is concerned only with underground mining where methane and coal dust are present.Group II gases occurring in surface industries are sub-grouped according to their volatility. This enables electrical equipment to be designed to less onerous tolerances if it is to be used with the least volatile gases.

typical gas/Material european/Iec gas group North American gas groupMethane I --

Acetylene IIC A

Hydrogen IIC B

Ethylene IIB C

Propane IIA D

Metal Dust -- E

Coal Dust -- F

Grain Dust -- G


PO Box 220 Clay, NY 13041 • Ph: (315) 699-4400 or (800) 739-9169 • Fax: (315) 699-3700 www.unimar.com • [email protected]

gUIdeLINes fOR hAZARdOUs AReAs

79

Introduction

Area classification

gas groups (plus dust & fibers)

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Hot surfaces can ignite explosive atmospheres. To guard against this, all electrical equipment intended for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere is classified according to the maximum surface temperature it will reach in service. This temperature is normally based on a surrounding ambient temperature of 40˚ Centigrade (104˚ Fahrenheit). This temperature can then be compared to the ignition temperature of the gas(es) which may come into contact with the equipment and a judgment reached as to the suitability of the equipment to be used in that area.

temperature classification

european/Iec North American Maximum surface temperatureT1 T1 450˚C

T2 T2 T2A T2B T2C T2D

300˚ C 280˚ C 260˚ C 230˚ C 215˚ C

T3 T3 T3A T3B T3C

200˚ C 180˚ C 165˚ C 160˚ C

T4 T4 T4A

135˚ C 120˚ C

T5 T5 100˚ C

T6 T6 85˚ C

Example (see table at right): Butane has an ignition temperature of 365° Centigrade - equipment used in the vicinity of this gas would need a T rating of T2 or better.

different techniques are used to prevent electrical equipment from igniting explosive atmospheres. Restrictions for where these different types of equipment can be used are as follows:

european Area of use designation standard

Iec Area of use designation standard

Nec Area of use designation standard

Flameproof Enclosure – An enclosure used to house electrical equipment, which when subjected to an internal explosion will not ignite a surrounding explosive atmosphere.

Zones 1 & 2 EExd

EN60079-1

Zones 1 & 2 Exd

IEC60079-1

Class I Divisions 1 & 2 --

UL1203

Intrinsic Safety – A technique whereby electrical energy is limited such that any sparks or heat generated by electrical equip-ment is sufficiently low as to not ignite an explosive atmosphere.

Zones 0, 1 & 2 EExi

EN50020

Zones 1 & 2 Exi

IEC60079-11


UL913

Increased Safety – This equipment is so designated as to eliminate sparks and hot surfaces capable of igniting an explosive atmosphere.

Zones 1 & 2 EExe

EN60079-7

Zones 1 & 2 Exi

IEC60079-7

-- -- --

Purged and Pressurized – electrical equipment is housed in an enclosure which is initially purged to remove any explosive mixture, then pressurized to prevent ingress of the surrounding atmosphere prior to energization.

Zones 1 & 2 EExp

EN50016

Zones 1 & 2 Exp

IEC60079-2


NFPA496

Encapsulation – A method of exclusion of the explosive atmo-sphere by fully encapsulating the electrical components in an approved material.

Zones 1 & 2 EExm

EN60079-18

Zones 1 & 2 Exm

IEC60079-18

----

Oil Immersion – The electrical components are immersed in oil, thus excluding the explosive atmosphere from any sparks or hot surfaces.

Zones 1 & 2 EExo

EN50015

Zones 1 & 2 Exo

IEC60079-6

Class I Division 2 – -

UL698

Powder Filling - Equipment is surrounded with a fine powder, such as quartz, which does not allow the surrounding atmosphere to come into contact with any sparks or hot surfaces.

Zones 1 & 2 EExq

EN50017

Zones 1 & 2 Exq

IEC60079-5

-- -- --

Non-sparking – Sparking contacts are sealed against ingress of the surrounding atmosphere, hot surfaces are eliminated.

Zone 2 EExn

EN60079-15

Zone 2 Exn

IEC60079-15

-- ----



temperature

types of electrical equipment suitable for use in potentially explosive Atmospheres

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different techniques are used to prevent electrical equipment from igniting explosive atmospheres. Restrictions for where these different types of equipment can be used are as follows:

european Area of use designation standard

Iec Area of use designation standard

Nec Area of use designation standard

Flameproof Enclosure – An enclosure used to house electrical equipment, which when subjected to an internal explosion will not ignite a surrounding explosive atmosphere.

Zones 1 & 2 EExd

EN60079-1

Zones 1 & 2 Exd

IEC60079-1


UL1203

Intrinsic Safety – A technique whereby electrical energy is limited such that any sparks or heat generated by electrical equip-ment is sufficiently low as to not ignite an explosive atmosphere.

Zones 0, 1 & 2 EExi

EN50020

Zones 1 & 2 Exi

IEC60079-11


UL913

Increased Safety – This equipment is so designated as to eliminate sparks and hot surfaces capable of igniting an explosive atmosphere.

Zones 1 & 2 EExe

EN60079-7

Zones 1 & 2 Exi

IEC60079-7

-- -- --

Purged and Pressurized – electrical equipment is housed in an enclosure which is initially purged to remove any explosive mixture, then pressurized to prevent ingress of the surrounding atmosphere prior to energization.

Zones 1 & 2 EExp

EN50016

Zones 1 & 2 Exp

IEC60079-2


NFPA496

Encapsulation – A method of exclusion of the explosive atmo-sphere by fully encapsulating the electrical components in an approved material.

Zones 1 & 2 EExm

EN60079-18

Zones 1 & 2 Exm

IEC60079-18

----

Oil Immersion – The electrical components are immersed in oil, thus excluding the explosive atmosphere from any sparks or hot surfaces.

Zones 1 & 2 EExo

EN50015

Zones 1 & 2 Exo

IEC60079-6

Class I Division 2 – -

UL698

Powder Filling - Equipment is surrounded with a fine powder, such as quartz, which does not allow the surrounding atmosphere to come into contact with any sparks or hot surfaces.

Zones 1 & 2 EExq

EN50017

Zones 1 & 2 Exq

IEC60079-5

-- -- --

Non-sparking – Sparking contacts are sealed against ingress of the surrounding atmosphere, hot surfaces are eliminated.

Zone 2 EExn

EN60079-15

Zone 2 Exn

IEC60079-15

-- ----

It should be noted also that MECHANICAL equipment is covered by the ATEX directive; so for the first time items such as gearboxes will have to carry ATEX certification.The equipment coding signifying compliance with ATEX is as follows: 112G i.e. Explosion-proof in accordance with ATEX.

II Group II surface industries 2 Category 2 equipment (suitable for use in Zone 1) note: Category 1 is suitable for Zone 0 Category 3 is suitable for Zone 2 G Suitable for atmospheres containing gas (D is suitable for atmospheres containing dust)

Equipment will be CE marked when certified to ATEX

International and national standard requirements for the safe use of electrical equipment in potentially explosive atmospheres as follows:

International europe UsA canadaGeneral Recommendations IEC60079-14 EN60079-14 NEC Chapter 5 CEC Section 18

Classification of Hazardous Areas IEC60079-10 EN60079-10 NEC Chapter 5 CEC Section 18

Inspection and Maintenance of Electrical Equipment IEC60079-17 EN60079-17 -- CEC Section 18

Requirements for Flameproof Enclosures IEC60079-1 EN60079-1 NEC Chapter 5 CEC Section 18

Requirements for Intrinsically Safe Equipment IEC60079-11 EN60079-11 NEC Chapter 5 CEC Section 18

Requirements for Increased Safety Equipment IEC60079-7 EN60079-7 NEC Chapter 5 CEC Section 18

Requirements for Purged and Pressurized Equipment IEC60079-14 EN60079-14 NEC Chapter 5 CEC Section 18

Requirements for Non-Sparking Equipment IEC60079-15 EN60079-15 -- CEC Section 18

UNIMAR advises that all explosion-proof electrical equipment is maintained by suitably trained personnel, in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations.Any spare parts used should be purchased from the original manufacturer and repairs should be carried out by the manufacturer or under his supervision, in order that the item remains in conformance with the certification documents.

All electrical equipment, intended for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere, should be certified as suitable for such use.The methods for obtaining certification differ in detail (see below) between each certifying body or group of bodies (e.g. CENELEC). Basically this process consists of supplying a representative sample of the equipment along with a set of drawings to a recognized test/certification body (e.g. PTB) that in turn test the equipment against a recognized standard (e.g. EN60079-1) and issues a certificate. The user of the equipment can then refer to this certificate to enable him to safely put the item into service in a zone appropriate to the certification.

All equipment, both electrical and mechanical, intended to be put into service within the EU has to be certified in accordance with the ATEX directive.

Sample equipment and supporting documentation are submitted to the appropriate authority e.g. U.L., F.M., C.S.A.The equipment is tested in accordance with relevant standards for explosion protection and also for general electrical requirements e.g. light fittings.After successful testing, a listing is issued allowing the manufacturer to place the product on the market.The product is marked with the certification details such as the gas groups A, B, C, D and the area of use e.g. Class I, Division 1.NEC is a registered trademark of the National Fire Protection Association.




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selection, Installation & Maintenance of electrical equipment Intended for use in potentially explosive Atmospheres

The certification process

european practice

North American practice

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Most countries outside Europe or North America use the IEC standards as a basis for their own national standards.The Russian Federation certifies equipment to GOST ‘R’ standards, these closely follow CENELEC practice.In Russia, certain products used in fire alarm systems may be required to carry the Russian fire approval (VNIIPO). Note that not all Unimar products that have been certified to GOST ‘R’ are VNIIPO approved. Check specification on technical data sheets before ordering.Kazakhstan has a certification process (GOST ‘K’) where approval is normally based on compliance with CENELEC standards.Certification is China is based on compliance with international standards such as CENELEC or UL, or their own CQST standard.There is a scheme is place which will, when fully adopted, allow for internationally recognized certification to become a reality, this is the IEC EX SCHEME. This uses the IEC standards and IEC recognized test and certification bodies to issue mutually recognized test reports and certificates. The scheme is in its infancy and its level of success cannot yet be measured.

2 digits are used to denote the level of ingress protection that a piece of apparatus provides:

solids Liquids0 No protection 0 No protection

1 Protected against solid objects up to 50mm, e.g. hands 1 Protected against vertically falling drops of water

2 Protected against solid objects up to 12mm, e.g. fingers 2 Protected against water spray up to 15˚ from vertical

3 Protected against solid objects up to 2.5mm, e.g. tools 3 Protected against water spray up to 60˚ from vertical

4 Protected against solid objects over 1mm, e.g. wires 4 Protected against water sprays from all directions

5 Protected against dusts -- (No harmful deposits) 5 Protected against water jets from all directions

6 Totally protected against dust 6 Protected against strong water jets from all directions, e.g. offshore

7 Protected against immersion between 15cm and 1m in depth

8 Protected against long immersion under pressure

Ip =

North American practice is to use NEMA standards to describe ingress protection, i.e.:

NEMA 3 is similar to IP 54 NEMA 4 is similar to IP 55 NEMA 4X is similar to IP 56 NEMA 6 is similar to IP 67



Worldwide certifications

Ingress protection

NeMA standards

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fAA & IcAO cONfIgURAtIONs

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fAA LIghtINg sYsteM cONfIgURAtION

IcAO LIghtINg sYsteM cONfIgURAtION

fAA eqUIpMeNt cLAssIfIcAtION

tYpe A Red Lighting System

tYpe b High Intensity White

tYpe c High Intensity White (Medium Intensity White Beacon on appurtenance over 40' tall)

tYpe d Medium IntensityWhite

tYpe e Dual Lighting System / Red & Medium Intensity White

tYpe f Dual Lighting System / Red & High Intensity White(Dual Beacon on appurtenance over 40' tall)

L-810 Steady-Burning Red Obstruction Light

L-856 High Intensity Flashing White Obstruction Light (40 FPM)

L-857 High Intensity Flashing White Obstruction Light (60 FPM)

L-864 Medium Intensity Flashing Red Obstruction Light (20-40 FPM)

L-865 Medium Intensity Flashing White Obstruction Light (40 FPM)

L-864/L-865 Dual Flashing Red Obstruction Light / Medium Intensity Flashing WhiteObstruction Light (40 FPM)

L-866 Medium Intensity Flashing White Obstruction Light (60 FPM)

L-885 Red Catenary (60 FPM)

FPM = Flashes Per Minute

tYpe ALow Intensity, Red SteadyMedium Intensity, White FlashingHigh Intensity, White Flashing

tYpe bLow Intensity, Red SteadyMedium Intensity, Red FlashingHigh Intensity, White Flashing

tYpe c Low Intensity (Mobile), Yellow/Blue Flashing Medium Intensity, Red Steady

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FAA WHITE LIGHTING Type C † and Type D † - White Lights for Day/White Lights for Night


fAA RegULAtIONs

†This illustration is meant to be used as a guideline only. Please refer to FAA advisory circular 70/7460-1K.*Including any appurtenance.**Excluding appurtenance.

D-1D-2C-2C-3C-4C-5C-6

CONFIGURATION KEY

L-865 Medium Intensity Flashing Beacon

L-856 High Intensity Flashing Beacons

1751' – 2200' **

1401' – 1750' **

1051' – 1400' **

701' – 1050' **

501' – 700' **

351' – 500' *

200' – 350' *

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FAA RED LIGHTING Type A†- Painted Tower/RedLights for Night



fAA RegULAtIONs

85

A-0A-1A-2A-3A-4A-5A-6

CONFIGURATION KEY

L-864 Flashing Beacon

L-810 Obstruction Light

1751' – 2200' *

1401' – 1750' *

1051' – 1400' *

701' – 1050' *

351' – 700' *

151' – 350' *

0' – 150' *

†This illustration is meant to be used as a guideline only. Please refer to FAA advisory circular 70/7460-1K.*Including any appurtenance.

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FAA DUAL LIGHTING Type E † and Type F † - White Lights for Day/Red Lights for Night


fAA RegULAtIONsFAA Con�gurations

E-1E-2F-2F-3F-4F-5F-6

CONFIGURATION KEY

L-864 Flashing Beacon

L-856 High Intensity Flashing Beacons

L-864/L-865 Medium Intensity Dual Red/White Flashing Beacon

L-810 Obstruction Light

1751' – 2200' **

1401' – 1750' **

1051' – 1400' **

701' – 1050' **

501' – 700' **

351' – 500' *

200' – 350' *

†This illustration is meant to be used as a guideline only. Please refer to FAA advisory circular 70/7460-1K.*Including any appurtenance.**Excluding appurtenance.

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FAA/FCC CHIMNEY and STACk LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS

Number of lights per level is the minimum

Lowest level of lights must be raised above the height of adjacent structures. If your structure is not represented, allow us to assist you with selecting the proper products for your specific structure. Example: For structure "A1", one L-864 beacon is required at top and L-810 sidelights are to be mounted at ½ tower height.

NOTE:

NOTE:



fAA RegULAtIONs

8787

NUMbeR Of LIghts peR LeveL / stRUctURe dIAMeteR

NUMbeR ANd tYpes Of LIghtINg LeveLs / heIght

D D D

3 lights / level 4 lights / level 6 lights / level

(20’ or less)Diameter

(21’ - 100’)Diameter

(100’ - 200’)Diameter

NOte: Information is provided to assist in your product selection based on AC 70/7460-1K and AC 150/5345-43F Advisory Circular. Your application may demand special lighting requirements. LED fixtures are ideal for solid structure applications.

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ICAO RED LIGHTING † - Painted Tower/RedLights for Night


IcAO RegULAtIONsICAO Con�gurations

CONFIGURATION KEY

Medium Intensity

Type C (steady) L-864

Low Intensit yType B (steady) L-810

Low Intensity doubl eType B (steady) L-810

521m – 624m *

417m – 520m *

313m – 416m *

209m – 312m *

105m – 208m *

46m – 104m *

0m – 45m *

NOTE: Spacing between levels must not exceed 52m. For more information on speci�c applications, call Technical Support.

**

†This illustration is meant to be used as a guideline only. Please refer to ICAO (Annex 14).**May use low intensity Type B or medium intensity Type B at this level.*Including any appurtenance.

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ICAO WHITE LIGHTING † - White Lights for Day/White Lights for Night



IcAO RegULAtIONs

89

†This illustration is meant to be used as a guideline only. Please refer to ICAO (Annex 14).*Including any appurtenance.**Excluding any appurtenance.

CONFIGURATION KEY

Medium Intensity Type A — L-865/L-86 6

High Intensity Type A — L-856/L-85 7

526m – 630m **

421m – 525m **

316m – 420m **

211m – 315m **

151m – 210m **

106m – 150m *

45m – 105m *

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ICAO DUAL LIGHTING † - White Lights for Day/Red Lights for Night


IcAO RegULAtIONs

CONFIGURATION KEYMedium Intensity Type A and Type B—L-864/L-865

High Intensity Type A L-856/L-857

Low Intensity Type B—L-81 0

Medium Intensity Type B )

L-856/L-857 or L-86 4(Use all Type B or all Type C )

521m – 624m **

417m – 520m **

313m – 416m **

209m – 312m **

151m – 208m **

105m – 150m *

45m – 104m *

†This illustration is meant to be used as a guideline only. Please refer to ICAO (Annex 14).*Including any appurtenance.**Excluding any appurtenance.

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LOWERING SYSTEM



LOWeRINg sYsteM

91

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All Unimar Obstruction Lighting Controls require the presence of a neutral electrical conductor.

NOTE: Throughout this guide "230V" refers to non-domestic locations using 220-240V line-neutral or line-line with one leg grounded.

The transmission of alternating current (AC) is a sinusoidal wave train. The "zero" point (neither positive nor negative) is the "neutral". The system may be single phase, 2-wire; single phase, 3-wire; or 3 phase, 4-wire to have a neutral conductor present. The neutral (N) is available in most systems by its connection to ground, either at the power source or by transformer connections to ground.

The solid-state devices used in Obstruction Lighting Controllers require zero voltage switching for the contacts. The contact closes only when the AC sine wave crosses zero or very close to zero. This concept also reduces inrush current and RFI and increases lamp life.

The accompanying diagrams (facing page) show the various ways a neutral can be provided for 480/240V systems. The techniques are similar for 380/220V systems. Figure 1 and Figure 3 are extensively used in North America. The frequency is 60Hz. In other countries, installations may be 50Hz or 60Hz. The secondary side of the circuit shown in Figure 3 is the most commonly used for power input to controllers. With single phase, 3-wire (L-N-L) load balancing can be achieved by dividing the load circuits. Figure 2 illustrates a method for connecting a single phase 1:1 or 2:1 transformer and providing a neutral. Figure 4 shows another method for obtaining a single phase, 3-wire (L-N-L) system with a neutral by using two separate single phase transformers with matched voltage windings. The ends of the primary and secondary windings are tied together as shown with the resulting center-tapped winding of the secondary side becoming a neutral. This is referred to as a "floating" neutral. Figure 5 is a common scheme used outside of North America. In this case it is difficult to find the "zero" point on the wave train. If one line of a 240V, 2-wire supply is in fact grounded, then it is 240V line to neutral for use with the 230VAC controller.

Regarding grounding: Contollers incorporate a ground lug for equipment grounding purposes, particularly when fault current situations occur. While it may be interpreted that this ground is also the "neutral", avoid any interconnection of the neutral in the power system and this equipment.

As with all products where high voltages may be present, take great care to be sure ALL electrical power is removed before servicing any components in the system.


AppLIcAtION NOtes

APPLICATION NOTESNOte 1: sAfetY

NOte 2: NeUtRAL ANd gROUNdINg ReqUIReMeNts

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In some areas where lightning is a common occurrence, lightning arrestors and/or lightning rods should be considered to protect the obstruction lighting equipment.

Care should be taken to prevent a buildup of moisture in conduit runs that could damage the obstruction lighting equipment. Vent and drain fittings should be installed in the appropriate positions in the conduit runs. The photo-control should never be installed in-line with the conduit run to the lights.

When utilizing isolation transformers on Hot Towers, never attempt to flash the primary of the transformer with a solid-state flasher.

For assistance on flashing and/or alarms for Hot Towers, contact one of Unimar's application engineers at 1-800-739-9169 or 1-315-699-4400.

FAA Advisory Circular 150/5345-43F states that incandescent lamps must operate to within 3% of the rated lamp voltage to provide proper light output.

Correct lamp voltage is achieved by utilizing a combination of the correct wire size and the correct supply voltage. Whenever possible, use the recommended wire size shown in the wiring / schematic diagram provided with your obstruction lighting controller.

In some applications a boost transformer may be necessary.

Following is the formula for calculating voltage drop to the lamp based on wire size, length of the wire and the current draw:

Voltage Drop = 2K x L x l x 0.8666 C.M.

NOTE: K = 12 for copper or 18 for aluminum; L = length in feet from the source to the load; l = load current in amperes; C.M. = circular mil area of the conductor or total circular mil area for paralleled conductors.

X1

X2

X3

FL3

120V

L2

N

L1

GND

Delta Transformer

Wye Transformer

Figure 1

Line to Line = 280V, 30, 4 Wire

Line to Neutral = 120V, 10L1 to N to L2 = 120V, 10, 3 Wire

120V

120V

X1 L1

X2 L2

480V or 240V

GND

1:1 or 2:1 Transformer

Figure 2

240/230V or 120V

X1 L1

X2 L2

480V or 240V

N or GND

1:1 or 2:1 Transformer

Figure 5

220/230/240V

X1 L1

N480V

2:1 Transformer

Figure 4

120V

GND

120V

X1 L1

N

X2 L2

480/240V

GND

2:1 Transformer

Figure 3

240V 120V

120V



AppLIcAtION NOtes

93

NOte 3: WIRe sIZe ANd vOLtAge dROp

NOte 4: LIghtNINg pROtectION

NOte 5: cONdUIt ANd MOIstURe

NOte 6: "hOt" (UNgROUNded) tOWeRs

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Documents

ObstRUctION LIghtINg gUIdeLINes - Mas group LIghtINg gUIdeLINes Any structure that exceeds 200’ above ground level generally needs to be marked (lighted) according to fAA/IcAO Regulations