81
u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Frederick B. Dent, Secretary NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION Robert M. White, Administrator ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORIES Wilmot N. Hess, Director NOAA TECHNICAL REPORT ERL 260-POL 17 Observations of Currents in Puget Sound, 1970 GLENN A. CANNON BOULDER, COLO. March 1973 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402

Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 1: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCEFrederick B. Dent, Secretary

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

Robert M. White, Administrator

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORIES

Wilmot N. Hess, Director

NOAA TECHNICAL REPORT ERL 260-POL 17

Observations of Currents in Puget Sound, 1970

GLENN A. CANNON

BOULDER, COLO.

March 1973

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402

Page 2: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

NOTICE

liThe NOAA Environmental Research Laboratories does not approve, recommendor endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned inthis publication. No reference shall be made to the NOAA EnvironmentalResearch Laboratories, or to this publication furnished by the NOAA Enviro­mental Research Laboratories, in any advertising or sales promotion whichwould indicate or imply that the NOAA Environmental Research Laboratoriesapproves, recommends or endorses any proprietary product or proprietarymaterial mentioned herein, or which has as its purpose an intent to beused or purchased because of this NOAA Environmental Research Laboratoriespublication. 1I

Page 3: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

tIST OF FIGURES iv

1iBSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. DATA REDUCTION AND PRESENTATION 7

2.1 Histograms 7

2.2 Progressive Vector Diagrams 8

2.3 Time Series 8

2.4 Fourier Representations 10

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 10

4. REFERENCES 11

5. DATA SUMMARIES 13

5.1 Moorings M,E,W, and N 13

5.2 Mooring SA 40

5.3 Mooring ST 56

5.4 Mooring Y 63

5.5 Moorings PSS1 and PSS2 71

iii

Page 4: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

LIST OF FIGURES

Puget Sound region showing station locations

Instrument deployment on moorings in Port Susan

Instrument deployment on moorings in Saratoga Passage,

at Strawberry Point, and at Yokeko Point.

iv

Page

3

4

5

Page 5: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970

Glenn A. Cannon

Description is given of experiments andof the current measurements made in Puget Soundin 1970. Reference is given to sources of aux­iliary tide, wind, runoff, and water-propertydata obtained at the same time.

1. INTRODUCTION

During the summer of 1970, while the author was at the University of

Washington (UW), several current-meter arrays were deployed in the north-

ern region of Puget Sound between Possession Point and Deception Pass

(fig. 1). One series of measurements was made in June in Port Susan (fig.

2); a second series was made in July in the central channel going north

from Saratoga Passage to Deception Pass (fig. 3); and a third series was

made in August and September on the deeper sill entering Port Susan (fig.

2). A general description of the observations is given here in order

that they may be made available for other uses.

The current meters were rotor-vane internally recording on film

(Braincon model 381). Continuous samples of speed and histograms of

direction were recorded during each 10- or 20-min sampling intervals. The

meters have relatively large vanes making them fairly insensitive to high-

frequency direction fluctuations, and the vane and instrument case are

free to swivel about the main support rod which is an integral part of

the mooring. Table 1 summarizes the mooring instrumentation and data

Page 6: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

return. Pacific Daylight Time (+7) is given. Depths below mean lower

low water of the subsurface moorings are given. Mean depths would be

about 2 m deeper and the variation about mean depth would be about ~ 2 m.

Buoyancy was provided by 0.91-m diameter steel spheres (surplus submarin~

net floats). Buoyancy for the two relatively deep moorings with detailed

vertical sampling (M and SA) was provided by a float made up of three of

the spheres whelded together with triangular plates top and bottom. The

moorings were launched buoy first from an anchored ship, and the final

cable lengths were calculated and made such that the scope of the sur­

vace moorings would be about 1.02 ~.Ol at higher high water and that the

depths of subsurface floats would be below danger of being hit by local

shipping. The anchors (railroad wheels) were lowered to the bottom and

released by a pelican-type hook when the lowering cable became slack.

Moorings M, SA, PSS1, and PSS2 were retrieved using a Braincon timed re­

lease of the anchor, and the others were retrieved by diving and cutting

the cable below the lowest instrument.

These data so far have been discussed in student investigations

(Holbrook, 1971; Litteken, 1971; and O'Niel, 1972) and have been presented

at one meeting (Cannon and Holbrook, 1972). Other descriptions and dis­

cussions are in preparation. Auxiliary tide, wind, runoff, and water

property data which were obtained along with these data are reported in

t~e above student investigations and in Lincoln and Collias (1970).

2

Page 7: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

IS'

48°

4S'

47"30'

IS'

IS'

STRAIT OF

JUAN DE FUCA

• JUNE

• JULY• AUG-SEPT

o 10 151;;1~=-~I:===;;;jl'==....,.jl .

NAUTICAL MILES

IS'

123°

123°

4S'

4S'

122°30'

122° 30'

IS'

IS'

48°30'

IS'

48°

4S'

47°30'

IS'

122"

El.gWLe 1. Puget Sound !legion .6howing .6:ta..tWn loc.atioM.

3

Page 8: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

GEDNEY CAMANOISLAND HEAD

0M N

\ I\ I\ I, ,I I

20 \ I

I I,SILL \ -~

MAXIMUM

DEPTH 30m"" SLOPE 5%

40

.§J: 60~Q.IoJa

eo

100

120

W M E

o,120 NAUTICAl. "'LES

eo

100

E

J: 60~Q.IoJa

F..i.gUILe. 2. Itt6:tJtumen:t de.pl.oyme.nt on mooJvi.ng.6 h1. PolLt SU6an. MooJvi.ng.o PSS,M, and N Me. along axJA 6JLOm .6outh t;c nolLth ltop), and IfIooJt1..ng.o W, M,and E Me. aCJLO.6.6 c.ha.nnel 6Jtom we..ot to eA.6t (bottom). CWlJLe.nt me.te.Jt.6(.) and 6to.:ta..Uon 10) Me. .6 hown.

4

Page 9: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

YOKEKO STRAWBERRY SARATOGAPOINT POINT PASSAGE

0

20

40

60

E

:I: eot-a..~

/00

120

140

160

FigUILe 3. !n6.tJtumen:t deptoyme.n:t on moolt..i.ng.6 in Sa.JtlLtoga. Pa.6.6a.ge, a.tSbtawbeNlY Poin-t, and a.t Yokeko Poin-t.

5

Page 10: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

Table. 1. summaJty 06 MooJUng In6tJuune.nto.:ti.on

Mooring Location Meter Depth Sampling Origin Length(lat,long) (#) (m) (min) (hr/day/mo) (hrs)

M 48°05.2'N 129 1 10 2000/16/VI 374122°21.3 I W 130 3 10 374

131 6 10 374132 10 10 375152 20 20 374153 30 20 375154 50 20 375128 75 20 375156 100 20 375

E 48°05.6 ' N 118 3 10 1900/16/VI 375122°20.5'W 075 10 10 375

N 48°07.8 ' N 137 3 10 1600/16/VI 377122°23.6 ' W 054 10 20 377

W 48°04.9'N 074 10 10 1730/16/VI 376122°22.1 I W

SA 48°1O.0 ' N 152 1 20 1500/7/VII 481122°33.2'W 153 5 20 481

154 10 20 481155 15 20 481054 25 20 482074 35 10 481075 50 10 481118 80 10 481

ST 48°18.0 ' N 128 5 20 1640/7/VII 482122°29.2 ' W 129 10 10 482

137 22 10 482

y 48°24.7' N 130 5 10 1850/7/VI I 549122°36.7 ' W 131 10 10 549

" 132 20 10 502

PSSl 48°00.3 ' N 156 100 20 1330/27/VII 850122°16.3'W

PSS2 38°00.3 ' N 156 100 20 1430/1/IX 578122°16.3'W

6

Page 11: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

2. DATA REDUCTION AND PRESENTATION

The current-meter data were read from the films, digitized, and pro­

cessed using data reduction programs developed at the UW (Hopkins, 1971).

The average speed was calculated from the number of rotor revolutions

during each sampling interval, and the direction was chosen as the most

frequently occurring direction during the interval. The digitizing pro­

cess results in a current speed resolution of about ~ 0.3 cm/s. Calibra­

tion curves for the current meters was from combined sources provided by

manufacturers and those performed by UW personnel in the Bonneville Power

Commission tow tank. The resulting data consisted of time series of

speed and direction (to which the current is flowing). All data are pre­

sented as data summaries at the end of the report. The presentations are

grouped so the user may asses variations throughout the water column by

examining one kind of information from all instruments in each mooring,

or in relatively nearby moorings in the case of Port Susan.

2.1 Histograms

The current-meter data have been displayed as histograms of direc­

tion and speed. Directions were grouped in 30 intervals, and speeds

were grouped in 1 cm/s intervals. The data are presented as actual

numbers of observations in each group and as a percentage of the maximum

number of observations in anyone group. The percentage distribution is

represented by 100 *I S for the group with the maximum number of observa­

tions and by a number of *I S for each of the other groups equal to the

ratio of the number of observations in the group to the maximum number.

7

Page 12: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

The middle direction or speed is given in the right-hand column, and the

number of observations is given in the next column to the left.

2.2 Progressive Vector Diagr~s

Progressive vector diagrams were constructed by vector addition of

hourly vector averages of currents. The diagrams do not represent real

particle trajectories, but they give an indication of the longer period

fluctuations in the motion at a single point. Because of the complexity

of some of the diagrams, the scales vary. Start times are given, the

axes are north and east, and *I S are at l2-hr intervals.

2.3 Time Series

The original time-series have been plotted on a common time scale

for each set of morings. For moorings M, E, W, N, SA, ST, and Y the first

276 hrs of the records are plotted on a left-hand page and the remainder

of the record is on the right-hand page. For moorings PSSl and PSS2 each

of the records is cut at 10-day (240 hrs) intervals and is placed all on

one page. Note that 864 hrs for PSSl corresponds to 0 hrs for PSS2. The

+u direction was taken, roughly, along the axis of the estuary entering

Deception Pass and then going to the south. The u axis was chosen along

the direction of maximum variance (Cannon, 1969). The +v direction was

90° to the left of +u for all cases. Table 2 summarizes some of the

statistics. The means (u and v) and variances were calculated for 15 days

(approximately 29 M2 cycles) except for 30 days for mooring PSS1.

8

Page 13: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

Depth Direction - - VarianceMooring u vof +u u Total

(m) (OT) (cmjs) (cmjs) (cm2js 2) (cm2js 2)

M 1 155 10.7 -2.6 618 7253 157 4.3 -0.3 370 5756 155 0.4 -2.6 315 468

10 159 0.0 -2.4 241 36320 156 -3.4 -1. 9 136 19230 156 -1.2 -0.9 67 8650 154* -0.5 0.4 41 5775 153 2.8 0.4 118 153

100 155* 1.4 0.6 90 184

E 3 144 -8.0 -0.2 335 46810 137 -4.0 -0.8 101 137

W 10 152 5.0 0.1 126 143

N 3 157 1.7 -0.4 131 17910 149 -1.2 0.6 55 98

SA 1 171 19.6 1.7 608 7175 162 3.9 1.6 414 534

10 165 -1.9 -0.4 291 36515 159 -2.9 -0.1 266 32525 156 -1. 9 0.5 144 17135 164 -1.0 0.3 147 16450 168 -0.2 0.0 160 17580 183 0.2 -0.6 186 261

ST 5 172 7.1 -0.4 1217 140810 162 14.5 3.5 1976 202922 159 2.1 -0.3 269 271

y 5 53 0.1 -9.4 9748 986510 48 -2.0 -6.6 8948 900520 53 -3.4 3.3 5885 6000

PSS1 100 154 0.3 -2.4 269 288

PSS2 100 156 0.1 -2.8 301 322

*Direction of +u is not that of maximum variance because of small varia­tion with direction

9

Page 14: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

2.4 Fourier Representations

A fast Fourier transform algorithm (FFT) was used to compute the

Fourier coefficients for the time-series of u and v components of velocity

using programs outlined in Cannon (~969, 1971). The calculations were

made using record lengths of 15 days (29 ~ cycles), except for PSSl where

a 30 day was used. There actually were 1080 coefficients (2160 for 30-day

record), but only the first 45 coefficients (90) are listed. Periods less

than 7.2 hrs have been omitted, because they were small. If all of the

amplitudes for any component were squared and divided by two, the result­

ing series would be a representation called the periodogram. The sum of

all of the values in the periodogram equals the variance (table 2). Amp­

litudes are in cm/s, and phases for each mooring are in hours relative to

the start time given in table 1.

The phases between moorings in either of the series (M, E, W, and N;

SA, ST, and Y) can be compared by converting them to a common reference,

e.g., the earliest start time in the series (see table 1). The new phase

f n' =~n + 'i where: +n is the phase (deg) given in the data summaries

and 'i is the number of hours between the earliest start time and the start

time of the mooring to be compared.

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Financial support for this work was provided to the author at the

University of Washington by the Sea Grant program which was then part of

the Nationil Science Foundation (now in the National Oceanic and Atmos­

pheric Administration). The author is grateful to Dr. Clifford Barnes at

UW for many fruitful discussions regarding these experiments and Puget

Sound circulation in general.10

Page 15: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

4. REFERENCES

Cannon, Glenn A., 1969: Observations of motion at intermediate and large

scales in a coastal plain estuary. Johns Hopkins Univ., Chesapeake

Bay Inst., Tech. ~. ~, 114 p.

Cannon, Glenn A., 1971: Statistical characteristics of velocity fluctua­

tions at intermediate scales in a coastal plain estuary. ~. Geophys.

Res., ~, 5852-5858.

Cannon, Glenn A., and James R. Holbrook, 1972: Observations of bottom­

water flushing in a fjord-like estuary (Abstract). Trans. Am. Geophys.

Union, ~, 395.

Holbrook, James R. 1971: Some aspects of circulation in Port Susan estuary.

Masters degree report, Univ. Washington, Dept. Oceanogr., 44 p. (un­

published manuscript).

Hopkins, Thomas S., 1971: Velocity, temperature, and pressure observations

from moored meters on the shelf near the Columbia River mouth, 1967­

1969. Univ. Washington, Dept. Oceanogr., Spec. ~. 45, 143 p.

Lincoln, John, and Eugene E. Collias, 1970: Skagit Bay study. Progress

Report No.3. Presentation and review of data obtained between

11 February and 8 October 1970. Univ. Washington, Dept. Oceanogr.

Ref. M70-111, 88 p.

Litteken, Arnold H., 1971: Some aspects of the circulation in Deception

Pass and Saratoga Passage. Masters degree report, Univ. Washington,

Dept. Oceanogr., 54 p. (unpublished manuscript).

O'Niell, Joseph, 1972: Tidal interaction in an estuary with some fjord­

lik~ characteristics. Masters degree report. Univ. Washington, Dept.

Oceanogr., 10 p. plus figures (unpublished manuscript).

11

Page 16: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made
Page 17: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

5. DATA SUMMARIES

5.1 Moorings M, E, W, and N

Direction Histograms

Histograms of Speed

Progressive Vector Diagrams

Time Series

Fourier Coefficients

(See section 2 for complete description.)

13

Page 18: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 19: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 20: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 21: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 22: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 23: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 42: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 44: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

5.2 Mooring SA

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Page 45: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 49: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 50: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 51: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 52: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 54: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 60: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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56

Page 61: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 62: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 63: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 64: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 65: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 67: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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63

Page 68: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 69: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 70: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 72: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 73: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 75: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

5.5 Moorings PSSl and PSS2

Direction Histograms

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(See section 2 for complete description.)

71

Page 76: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 77: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 78: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 79: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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Page 80: Observations of currents in Puget Sound, 1970OBSERVATIONS OF CURRENTS IN PUGET SOUND, 1970 Glenn A. Cannon Description is given of experiments and of the current measurements made

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