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Observation of Global Warming in Kebun Raya Bogor Sekolah Cikal – MYP Year 7 Science Project By: Alaia Witoelar Sumawinata Dante Witoelar Sumawinata Kevinsyah Novarik Muis Salsabil Inas Labiba Jakarta, Indonesia 2012

Observation of Global Warming in Kebun Raya … of Global Warming in Kebun Raya Bogor Sekolah Cikal – MYP Year 7 Science Project By: Alaia Witoelar Sumawinata Dante Witoelar Sumawinata

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Observation of Global Warming in Kebun Raya Bogor

Sekolah Cikal – MYP Year 7

Science Project

By:

Alaia Witoelar Sumawinata

Dante Witoelar Sumawinata

Kevinsyah Novarik Muis

Salsabil Inas Labiba

Jakarta, Indonesia

2012

 

Content Page

Content I

Preface 1

Purpose 2

Introduction 3

Hypothesis 4

Data 5

Conclusion 8

Resources 9

 

Preface

In this page, we will thank to Allah to give us breathe and life until right now

when we wrote about the observation of global warming rate in Kebun Raya

Bogor. We would like to thank our parents who taught us about the world and

everything else. Also, Miss Dewi Pramesti Kusumaningrum who taught us to

think inside a scientific explanation, and also guides us to write this science

paper. She helps us to open our eyes about the scientific world so we could

understand the real condition of the Earth, the planet where we live right now.

To support this topic, we did an observation by going to Kebun Raya Bogor

that is located in the middle of Bogor city. This is a 87 hectare place was built

on, May 18th 1817 by Dutch colonial to preserve a lot of plants from Java and

Malayan Peninsula that are produce economical benefits for Indonesian

government.

By doing this observation, we could know what is the real thing about global

warming, what are the causes and effects that are really affecting the living

organism such as humans, animals, and plants. Also, what we can do to

prevent this case to be happening again by doing some solving actions such

as disposing your trash properly and less transportation usage.

Besides it fills our curiosity about the real thing about the global warming

case, we could understand how is it really dangerous to have this case in our

life and the aftermath. Since global warming has started we should take action

and show people that this is a serious problem.

 

Purpose

To support our topic about ‘Global Warming and Ozone Depletion’ in our

science class this term and we are learning about this happening case, we

were doing an observation to Kebun Raya Bogor. And to make the work more

maximal, we were divided into four groups of four members. We have to

answer several questions to help our work that will be shown in this paper.

Since today is the year of 2012, global warming has developed even more

since the 10/20 years, because of that we are taking action by making this

paper. People should be aware of what’s happening in their life but just that

but also in their surroundings. Effects caused by global warming could be

massive.

On Friday, May 25th 2012, we had our trip to observe and ask some questions

to the researcher in the laboratory. These questions that we asked are the

evidence to support our work on writing this paper. By asking these questions,

we could determine how much global warming affects our daily and career life

because of course, it has a lot of harmful effects for the plants’ growth, either

it causes the amount of sunlight or climate prediction. If the plant receives

more amount of sunlight, it will get weak and withered, and at the end, it will

die. The effect could decrease the total amount of the plant collection in some

parks like Kebun Raya Bogor. The purpose of this observation is to know

about the actions that the researchers have token to prevent this harmful

effect.

 

Introduction

In this term, we learn about global warming and ozone depletion that is

occurring in our world right now while a lot of scientists and also researchers

find a way to prevent and decrease the amount of the effects to the Earth’s

surface.

This observation that we did, a few days ago was meant to see the impacts

that plants’ had receive in Kebun Raya Bogor where there are a lot of plants

collection from around the world.

To support this topic, we did an observation by going to Kebun Raya Bogor

that is located in the middle of Bogor city. This is a 87 hectare place was built

on, May 18th 1817 by Dutch colonial to preserve a lot of plants from Java and

Malayan Peninsula that are produce economical benefits for Indonesian

government. But then, it became a park, which has educational and recreation

place. Until now, there are 13450 collection or specimens, which are divided

into 333 types, 213 families, which is most of them are legumes.

By observing the condition of the plants in Kebun Raya Bogor, we can predict

how much global warming affects our life by only rising the temperature of

Earth’s surface.

 

Hypothesis

Global warming has developed even more, than we have ever seen before. If

we don’t take a stand and do something global warming will grow much more

than we will ever expect and possibly the greenhouse gases will cover-up the

whole Earth’s surface, but if we do take action right now our future could

change a lot for example; decrease of greenhouse gases, decrease of global

warming, temperature slowly comes back to normal and even decrease of

pollution.

Just like the 2005 Katrina Hurricane that started in the Bahamas and moved

towards Florida. The Katrinca Hurricane was one of the strongest storms to hit

the Unites States, “The most deadly hurriane to strike the U.S. Made landfall

in Galveston, Texas on September 8, 1900. This was also the greatest natural

disaster to ever strike the U.S., claiming more than 8000 lives when the

storme surge caught the residents of this island city by surprise.”

(http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/special-reports/katrina.html)

The impacts from the hurricane were loss of life, flooding, oil industry, power

outages, cost and travel.

 

Data

Global warming itself means the time when the Earth heats up and

temperature rises that is happened when the greenhouse gases covered all

over the Earth. Even though the main function of this layer is to help the Earth

keeps warm to live in, or if it is not, it will get frozen. This greenhouse layer

consists of many harmful substances such as carbon dioxide (CO2), water

vapor, nitrous oxide (N2O), and also methane that are trap the heat from the

Sun in the Earth atmosphere by reflecting the sunlight so it will go back to the

Earth surface and it cannot get out of the layer. This accident hurts a lot of

sides form humans, animals, and plants. Many of them could not adapt in this

situation, so they die of hunger and temperature that are causing a lot of

diseases for humans, animals, and plants. Those harmful substances came

from the electricity pollution that is using the fossil fuels such as coal and

petroleum.

This case has disturbing humans all around the world and pushing them to

think more deeply to solve this problem by doing several actions that might be

helping. Including Indonesia as the “Lungs of the World” because the amount

of the forest that we have in Borneo island. We have some distractions in

some areas of our education life, including the plantation of some rare plants

collection in several parks in Indonesia. One of them is Kebun Raya Bogor.

While we had our tour there, we found some facts that are related to the

global warming. The researcher who keeps the data of the climate changes

from past years until now and they count the amount of the dead plants.

Based on their observation, when the weather is hot, it can affect the plants’

growth from its photosynthesis, and the plants go melt and their growth

cannot be maximal. Not only hot temperature, which can affect the plants’

growth, but rainy seasons also. When it comes, the plants need sunlight to

survive but it is stuck with the high amount of water. The plant that receives a

lot of water everyday cannot grow optimally, and it will be die soon. We

 

believe that the amount of the greenhouse gases has been affects the

environment at Bogor and also increasing during this case.

Noah S. Diffenbaugh, a Climatologist from Purdure University claims that he

has found that events such as storms and heat waves can differentiate in

frequency and devastation depending on how vegetation reacts to global

warming. Diffenbaugh's research points that as vegetation reacts to climate

change, those different climates in the ground may affect how and where

often-extreme weather patterns occur. While other climatologists have

theorized that this theory might exist, Diffenbaugh strongly believes that his

research adds weight to the concept that interactions with land, air, and

sunlight are more complicated than what we can imagine. “Earth's climate is

all about relationships, and this study shows that ground cover plays a

significant part in determining changes in climate extremes” DIffenbaugh said.

“We are accustomed to hearing that greenhouse gases affect climate, but

they are not the only fact we should consider. Our climate models also must

incorporate the effect of vegetation if they are to capture the full scope of

reality”. Diffenbaugh's result from his research, appearing in the Geophysical

Research Letters, used a climate model of the United States, in the west.

Primarily observing California, Oregon, Nevada, and other parts surrounding

the region. Diffenbaugh said that whether vegetation reactions make for more,

or a fewer extreme occurances depends on the region. “Changes in

vegetation cover and push the region toward more or fewer extreme events –

it depends on where you look,” Diffenbaugh said.

“In the high Sierra Nevada”, for example, people have thought up a theory,

that is as the Earth worms, forests for example, an evergreen forest will move

and grow to a more to higher altitudes and eventually be lost as they ascend

to the mountaintop. We can certainly see that global warming can cause

predicted forest lost. We also see that the forests themselves disappear, the

higher the elevation, the less warmth the forest will receive, and the trees will

eventually die out. “People have suspected for some time that the greenhouse

effect can change how often extreme events occur and how severe they are”

 

Diffenbaugh said. “We also know that climate change will affect what

vegetation grows where and that those vegetation changes can feed back to

further change the mean climate state. But his is the first insight we've had

into whether those vegetation changes will also change frequency and

magnitude of the extreme temperature and precipitation events, such as

droughts and severe storms”.

Diffenbaugh stated that while the experiment was valuable for the

establishment of the relationship between vegetation and climate, further

refinement of the methodology would be important. “Our vision is still blurry,”

he said.

 

Conclusion

Global warming is not something rare again for us. The greenhouse layer is

getting thicker day by day because of the amount of the high chemical

substances that fly up to this layer. This has affects all of living creatures on

Earth’s surface by distract their life in so many ways, such as the temperature

of the air and less water because of the high level of evaporation. It makes the

water evaporates and there will be less water in the Earth, humans only

depend on the water that is under the ground.

One of the impacts of the global warming is raising temperature. It causes

high heat and dehydrates the living beings. It also affects in so many ways of

education, including plantation. In this case, we picked Kebun Raya Bogor,

which is the nearest park where we can meet the researchers there. Most of

the plants have to adapt with the climate changes or they will go die. They

have to stay live without water on dry and hot seasons, or if they don’t, they

will die soon. And also they have to stay live without sunlight in wet and rainy

seasons.

If this global warming case cannot be handled properly, the layer goes thicker

and thicker, although this layer make up only one percent of Earth’s

atmosphere. The Earth’s surface temperature will goes rising and it causes a

lot of impacts of the Earth. The pole in the south and north side of the Earth

will get melted and the sea level will rise. This impact will drown the land, also

the creatures on it.

If we still get a chance to make this case gone, we will do some actions to

prevent it such as less vehicle usage and less paper usage. Nowadays,

people usually like to use emails and telephone besides using mails and

letter. This habit can help the trees from the forest grow higher year by year,

and it will help to absorb the harmful substances and produce oxygen for

other creatures’ life.

 

Resources

Melville, Kate. "Climate Change And Vegetation A Complex

Feedback." Climate Change And Vegetation A Complex Feedback. 11 May

2005. Web. 31 May 2012.

<http://www.scienceagogo.com/news/20050411003737data_trunc_sys.shtml>

.

"Global Warming." ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation. Web. 31 May 2012.

<http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0215471/global_warming.htm>.

West, Larry. "What Is the Greenhouse Effect?" About.com Environmental

Issues. Web. 31 May 2012.

<http://environment.about.com/od/globalwarming/a/greenhouse.htm>.

"Hurricane Katrina." Hurricane Katrina. 29 Dec. 2005. Web. 31 May 2012.

<http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/special-reports/katrina.html>.